Motor housing, motor and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a motor shell, a motor and a vehicle. The motor shell provided by the application comprises a shell main body and an oil guide structure. An armature cavity extending in the front-rear direction is formed in the shell main body. The oil guide structure is arranged in the armature cavity and comprises an oil guide piece and an oil guide groove. The cooling oil can flow to the lower part of the shell main body under the guidance of the oil guide structure. In the flow direction of the cooling oil, the oil guide piece is located upstream of the oil guide groove. The motor provided by the application has high operation reliability and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to an electric motor housing, an electric motor, and a vehicle using the electric motor. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, oil-cooled motors are a type of motor that uses cooling oil as the cooling medium to directly or indirectly cool heat-generating components through a circulating oil circuit.

[0003] In related technologies, the motor employs an oil pipe spray cooling method. Spray oil pipes are arranged at the top of the armature, and the cooling oil is sprayed out through these pipes, directly impacting the upper arc-shaped surface of the armature, and then flowing along the arc to both sides. Lug structures for securing the armature are provided on both sides. After reaching the edge of the lugs, the cooling oil, under the influence of gravity, falls vertically along the lugs to the lower part of the motor housing, forming the main flow path of the cooling oil.

[0004] However, in the aforementioned motors, the cooling oil cannot flow through the heated area on the side of the armature during its flow process. Instead, it prematurely detaches from the heated surface and flows directly to the lower part of the housing. This not only causes the temperature on the side of the armature to rise but also reduces the overall cooling efficiency of the motor, affecting the long-term reliability and performance stability of the motor. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a motor housing, a motor, and a vehicle, which can, to a certain extent, prevent the temperature on the armature side from rising, improve the overall cooling efficiency of the motor, and thus improve the reliability and stability of motor operation.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an electric motor housing, including a housing body and an oil guiding structure; an armature cavity extending in a front-rear direction is formed inside the housing body; the oil guiding structure is disposed in the armature cavity, and the oil guiding structure includes an oil guiding element and an oil guiding groove, and the cooling oil can flow to the lower part of the housing body under the guidance of the oil guiding structure; wherein, in the flow direction of the cooling oil, the oil guiding element is located upstream of the oil guiding groove.

[0007] When the cooling oil is sprayed from the top of the armature and flows along the curved surface to both sides, the upstream oil guide actively intervenes in the direction of the cooling oil flow, changing its original vertical downward trend caused by the connecting lugs, and instead guiding the cooling oil to the heat-generating area on the side of the armature. Meanwhile, the downstream oil guide channel, through a specific channel structure, receives and extends the cooling oil's path along the wall, forcing the cooling oil to fully wet the armature sidewalls before flowing orderly to the lower part of the housing. This dual-guiding mechanism not only avoids, to some extent, the blind spots in the cooling oil coverage during spray cooling in related technologies, but also improves heat exchange efficiency by extending the contact time between the oil film and the heat-generating surface. This effectively suppresses the temperature rise on the side of the armature, making the overall temperature distribution of the motor more uniform and improving the reliability and stability of motor operation.

[0008] As an optional implementation, the oil guiding structure further includes a protruding connecting portion located between the oil guiding member and the oil guiding groove; the protruding connecting portion is formed on the cavity sidewall of the armature cavity and protrudes towards the center of the armature cavity; the cooling oil flows sequentially through the oil guiding member, the protruding connecting portion and the oil guiding groove to the lower part of the housing body.

[0009] In this way, by combining the rigid connection structure with the oil guiding function, the integrity of the cooling oil flow path is ensured through the morphological reconstruction of the protruding connection part without adding additional flow guiding components. This ultimately forms a three-stage relay-type oil guiding channel of oil guide part → protruding connection part → oil guide groove, ensuring that the cooling oil forms a continuous, stable and comprehensive heat dissipation oil film on the side of the armature, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation uniformity and heat load capacity of the motor.

[0010] As an optional implementation, the oil guide is an oil guide plate, which includes a first oil guide section and a second oil guide section connected together. In the flow direction of the cooling oil, the first oil guide section is located upstream of the second oil guide section. The first oil guide section is connected to the side wall of the armature cavity and the rear wall of the armature cavity, and the second oil guide section is connected to the rear wall of the armature cavity. The first oil guide section extends obliquely downward in the direction from the side wall of the armature cavity to the center of the armature cavity, and at least a portion of the second oil guide section extends vertically downward.

[0011] This design can, to some extent, avoid the problem of oil film rupture caused by sudden changes in flow rate in the oil guide plate, and extend the adhesion time of the cooling oil on the armature sidewall through two-stage speed control.

[0012] As an optional implementation, a first oil guiding surface and a second oil guiding surface are formed on the side of the second oil guiding section facing the center of the armature cavity; the first oil guiding surface is connected to the first oil guiding section, and the second oil guiding surface is connected to the side of the first oil guiding surface away from the first oil guiding section, and an oil guiding ridge is formed at the connection between the second oil guiding surface and the first oil guiding surface; wherein, the first oil guiding surface is an arc-shaped surface protruding towards the center of the armature cavity, and the oil guiding ridge extends obliquely upward in the direction from front to back.

[0013] In this way, a gradient heat dissipation field that closely matches the heat source distribution can be formed in the armature cavity, which can not only avoid the energy waste caused by overall overcooling, but also avoid the risk of local overheating on the front side to a certain extent.

[0014] As an optional implementation, the second oil guide section includes an oil guide portion and a positioning portion connected together; the oil guide portion is connected to the cavity side wall of the armature cavity, the positioning portion is connected to the cavity side wall and the rear cavity wall of the armature cavity, and the positioning portion is connected to the rear side of the oil guide portion; a first oil guide surface and a second oil guide surface are both formed on the oil guide portion; wherein, the positioning portion is provided to protrude toward the center of the armature cavity relative to the oil guide portion, so as to form an oil blocking surface at the connection between the oil guide portion and the positioning portion.

[0015] In this way, the oil baffle surface, through differentiated design of structural geometry, solves the problem of splashing when cooling oil flows at high speed to a certain extent without adding extra components, and ensures the continuity and stability of the internal flow channel of the oil guide component.

[0016] As an optional implementation, a reinforcing portion integrally formed with the housing body is provided on the cavity sidewall of the armature cavity. The reinforcing portion extends from the front end of the armature cavity to the rear end of the armature cavity. The reinforcing portion includes a first positioning section located at the front and a second positioning section located at the rear. The second positioning section protrudes towards the center of the armature cavity relative to the first positioning section to form a stop surface at the connection between the first positioning section and the second positioning section. An oil guide groove is formed on the first positioning section, and a stop protrusion is formed between the front sidewall of the oil guide groove and the front sidewall of the first positioning section.

[0017] In this way, the stop protrusion works in conjunction with the oil guide and protruding connecting parts to ensure the stability and continuity of the cooling oil flow, improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor, and at the same time, combined with the structural design of the reinforcing part, ensure the reliability of the stop function, so that the motor can operate efficiently in a stable temperature environment.

[0018] As an optional implementation, a positioning surface is also formed on the first positioning section, and the positioning surface is located on the rear side of the oil guide groove; the groove wall of the oil guide groove near the positioning surface extends obliquely to form a guide structure, and the guide structure is connected to the positioning surface.

[0019] In other words, the guide structure and the stop protrusion constrain the flow of cooling oil in the front-to-back direction. The stop protrusion prevents the cooling oil from overflowing forward, and the guide structure guides the cooling oil downward backward. Together, they ensure that the cooling oil flows stably in the oil guide groove in a combined direction from front to back and from top to bottom, and finally flows into the oil collection area at the bottom of the shell body.

[0020] As an optional implementation, the armature cavity includes a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity that are connected to each other. The first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are arranged side by side along the radial direction of the motor housing. The first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are symmetrical about the central axis extending in the vertical direction of the armature cavity. Both the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are provided with oil guiding structures.

[0021] Because the oil guiding structures of the first and second sub-cavities are highly symmetrical in geometry, the flow trajectory of the cooling oil in the first and second sub-cavities is consistent, avoiding the temperature difference between the two armatures caused by uneven flow field.

[0022] Secondly, this application provides an electric motor, including the aforementioned motor housing and two armatures; one of the two armatures is disposed in a first sub-cavity of the armature cavity, and the other of the two armatures is disposed in a second sub-cavity of the armature cavity, with the rear end of the armature abutting against the stop surface of the motor housing; wherein, there is a gap between the bottom of the oil guide groove and the side wall of the armature, and the width of the gap is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 2.5 mm.

[0023] By limiting the width of the gap to accommodate the changing viscosity of the oil with temperature, a balance is found between flow resistance and heat dissipation against the wall, thus improving the reliable operation of the motor in extreme environments.

[0024] As an alternative implementation, the stop protrusion of the motor housing has an inner wall disposed facing the center of the armature cavity, the inner wall being in clearance fit with the armature, and the distance between the inner wall and the side wall of the armature in the radial direction of the armature cavity being greater than or equal to 0.154 mm and less than or equal to 0.254 mm.

[0025] When the distance between the inner wall and the armature side wall is within the aforementioned range, the protrusion height of the stop protrusion can be increased as much as possible without excessively increasing the risk of interference with the armature. In this way, when the cooling oil flows through the oil guide groove, it is blocked by the stop protrusion and can only flow along the limited path of the oil guide groove, ensuring that the cooling oil can fully contact the side wall of the armature, carry away the heat generated by the armature, and improve the cooling efficiency.

[0026] As an optional implementation, the positioning surface of the motor housing transitions into the armature.

[0027] This means that the cooling oil can flow throughout the entire height of the armature, and the cooling oil can fully contact the side walls of the armature to carry away the heat generated by the armature and avoid local overheating.

[0028] As an optional implementation, the armature includes a main body and a plurality of connecting lugs connected to the main body. The plurality of connecting lugs include edge lugs disposed near the oil guiding structure. The edge lugs have a first side wall and a second side wall disposed opposite to each other. The first side wall is located below the second side wall. The first oil guiding section of the oil guiding member is parallel to the first side wall disposed near it.

[0029] Guided by the parallel first oil guide section and the first side wall, the cooling oil can flow more precisely into the oil guide groove, thereby cooling the armature and improving the overall cooling efficiency.

[0030] As an optional implementation, the connection between the first sidewall and the main body is the first position, and the connection between the first oil guide section and the second oil guide section of the oil guide is the second position; in the vertical direction, the first position and the second position are at the same height.

[0031] In this way, when the cooling oil accelerates from the first guide section to the second guide section, it can directly cover the first position with a stable flow rate and direction, avoiding cooling oil deviation or splashing caused by height misalignment.

[0032] Thirdly, this application provides a vehicle including a frame and the aforementioned motor. The motor includes a motor housing, and a mounting portion is formed on the side of the protruding connecting portion of the motor housing away from the center of the armature cavity. The mounting portion is connected to the frame via a mounting.

[0033] By employing the aforementioned motor, the vehicle provided in this embodiment exhibits high operational stability. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the motor housing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point A;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point B;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first partial structure of the motor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a second partial structure of the motor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point C.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 1. Shell body; 2. Oil guiding structure; 3. Protruding connecting part; 4. Reinforcing part; 5. Stop protrusion; 6. Guide structure; 7. Central axis; 8. Clearance;

[0042] 10. Motor housing; 11. Armature cavity; 21. Oil guide; 22. Oil guide groove; 20. Armature; 41. Positioning surface; 42. First positioning section; 43. Second positioning section; 44. Stop surface; 51. Inner wall; A1. First position; A2. Second position;

[0043] 111. First sub-cavity; 112. Second sub-cavity; 211. First oil guide section; 212. Second oil guide section; 201. Connecting lug; 202. Main body;

[0044] 2121, First oil guiding surface; 2122, Second oil guiding surface; 2123, Oil guiding ridge; 2124, Oil guiding part; 2125, Positioning part; 2126, Oil blocking surface; 2011, Edge hanging lug; 2012, First side wall surface; 2013, Second side wall surface. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions in this application will be clearly and thoroughly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more than two.

[0046] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0047] Currently, oil-cooled motors are a type of motor that uses cooling oil as the cooling medium to directly or indirectly cool heat-generating components through a circulating oil circuit.

[0048] In related technologies, the motor employs an oil pipe spray cooling method. Spray oil pipes are arranged at the top of the armature, and the cooling oil is sprayed out through these pipes, directly impacting the upper arc-shaped surface of the armature, and then flowing along the arc to both sides. Lug structures for securing the armature are provided on both sides. After reaching the edge of the lugs, the cooling oil, under the influence of gravity, falls vertically along the lugs to the lower part of the motor housing, forming the main flow path of the cooling oil.

[0049] However, due to the arc-shaped structure at the upper end of the armature, the cooling oil disperses to both sides, and the lack of effective flow guidance design at the edge of the lugs prevents the cooling oil from fully covering key heat-generating areas on the sides of the armature (such as the winding ends or the sides of the core). This results in insufficient heat dissipation in these areas and a localized temperature increase. Furthermore, the cooling oil prematurely detaches from the heat-generating surface and flows directly to the lower part of the housing, reducing cooling efficiency and easily leading to problems such as heat accumulation in the motor and limited power density, thus affecting the long-term reliability and performance stability of the motor.

[0050] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a motor housing, a motor, and a vehicle. By setting an oil guiding structure on the motor housing, more comprehensive cooling of the armature can be achieved, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the motor in use.

[0051] The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation details.

[0052] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the motor housing provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the partial structure at point A. As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a motor housing 10, including a housing body 1 and an oil guiding structure 2; an armature cavity 11 extending in the front-rear direction is formed inside the housing body 1; the oil guiding structure 2 is disposed in the armature cavity 11, and the oil guiding structure 2 includes an oil guiding element 21 and an oil guiding groove 22, under the guidance of the oil guiding structure 2, the cooling oil can flow to the lower part of the housing body 1; wherein, in the flow direction of the cooling oil, the oil guiding element 21 is located upstream of the oil guiding groove 22.

[0053] Thus, when the cooling oil is sprayed from the top of the armature 20 (shown in the accompanying drawings below) and flows along the arc-shaped surface to both sides, the upstream oil guide actively intervenes in the direction of the cooling oil flow, changing its original vertical downward trend caused by the connecting lug 201 (shown in the accompanying drawings below), and instead guiding the cooling oil to the heat-generating area on the side of the armature 20. Meanwhile, the downstream oil guide groove 22 receives and extends the wall-hugging flow path of the cooling oil through a specific channel structure, forcing the cooling oil to fully wet the side wall of the armature 20 before flowing orderly to the lower part of the housing body 1. This dual guidance mechanism not only avoids the blind spots of cooling oil coverage in spray cooling in related technologies to a certain extent, but also improves the heat exchange efficiency by extending the contact time between the oil film and the heat-generating surface, thereby effectively suppressing the temperature rise on the side of the armature 20, making the overall temperature distribution of the motor more uniform, and improving the reliability and stability of motor operation.

[0054] It should be noted that the above-mentioned top and bottom directions, as well as the following up and down directions, can all be used as a reference. Figure 1 The direction in.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, there is a certain distance between the oil guide 21 and the oil guide groove 22, and they are not directly connected or connected. Therefore, a corresponding oil guide part should also be provided between the oil guide 21 and the oil guide groove 22. Since the motor needs to be fixed on the frame in the vehicle, the connection between the motor and the frame often depends on the connection between the motor housing 10 and the frame. Therefore, it is inevitable that a connection structure for connecting to the frame needs to be provided on the housing body 1.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the connecting structure can be a protruding connecting portion 3 integrally formed with the housing body 1 on the side wall of the armature cavity 11. The protruding connecting portion 3 protrudes towards the center of the armature cavity 11, and this protruding connecting portion 3 can be located between the oil guide member 21 and the oil guide groove 22. Therefore, the protruding connecting portion 3 can play a part of the function of the oil guide structure 2, that is, the cooling oil can flow sequentially through the oil guide member 21, the protruding connecting portion 3 and the oil guide groove 22 to the lower part of the housing body 1.

[0057] Among them, a suspension mounting part is formed on one side of the center of the back armature cavity 11 of the protruding connecting part 3. The suspension mounting part is connected to the frame through a suspension, that is, the suspension mounting part is the core load-bearing structure connecting the shell body 1 and the frame. The design of the protruding connecting part 3 protruding towards the center of the armature cavity 11 not only meets the mechanical strength required for motor fixation, but also actively intervenes in the flow control process of cooling oil. Specifically, when the cooling oil is guided to the side of the armature 20 by the oil guide 21, the risk of flow path interruption that may have been caused by the discontinuous layout of the oil guide 21 and the oil guide groove 22 is resolved by the geometric features of the protruding connecting part 3. The gap space formed between its protruding surface and the side wall of the armature 20 forces the cooling oil to flow closely to the outer surface of the protruding connecting part 3 under the action of gravity, forming an extended wall-adhering oil film. This not only solves the problem of the cooling oil falling directly away from the heat-generating area due to lack of restraint to a certain extent, but also smoothly transitions the cooling oil to the downstream oil guide groove 22 through the guiding surface of the protruding connecting part 3.

[0058] During this process, the surface of the protruding connecting part 3 directly contacts the cooling oil, and increases the contact area between the cooling oil and the side wall of the armature 20, especially enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency of the area corresponding to the connecting lug 201, so that the local high temperature area that might have been blocked by the connecting lug 201 is covered by the oil film.

[0059] In this way, the suspension mounting function and the oil guiding function are combined. Without adding additional flow guiding components, the integrity of the cooling oil flow path is ensured through the morphological reconstruction of the protruding connecting part 3. This ultimately forms a three-stage relay-type oil guiding channel of oil guide 21 → protruding connecting part 3 → oil guide groove 22, ensuring that the cooling oil forms a continuous, stable, and comprehensive heat dissipation film on the side of the armature 20, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation uniformity and heat load capacity of the motor. Moreover, this oil guiding channel utilizes the original protruding connecting part 3 to guide the cooling oil into the oil guide groove 22, shortening the size of the oil guide 21 in the extension direction of the oil guiding channel, thereby reducing the material used in the processing of the oil guide 21 and shortening the processing time of the oil guide 21.

[0060] Further, in some optional embodiments, the oil guide 21 may be an oil guide plate, which includes a first oil guide section 211 and a second oil guide section 212 connected together. In the flow direction of the cooling oil, the first oil guide section 211 is located upstream of the second oil guide section 212. The first oil guide section 211 is connected to the cavity sidewall and the cavity rearwall of the armature cavity 11, and the second oil guide section 212 is connected to the cavity rearwall of the armature cavity 11. The first oil guide section 211 extends obliquely downward in the direction from the cavity sidewall of the armature cavity 11 to the center of the armature cavity 11, and at least a portion of the second oil guide section 212 extends vertically downward.

[0061] With the above configuration, when the cooling oil passes through the edge lug 2011 located on the side, the inclined surface of the first oil guide section 211 accelerates the flow of the cooling oil through the slope difference. At the same time, the gradually narrowing flow channel formed by the inclined surface and the side wall of the armature 20 forces the cooling oil to gather towards the center of the armature 20, thereby enhancing the coverage density of the oil film on the high-temperature area in the middle of the side of the armature 20.

[0062] Subsequently, the second oil guide section 212 receives the accelerated cooling oil from the first oil guide section 211 in a vertically downward extension manner. The fixed design of its vertical wall surface and the rear wall of the armature cavity 11 not only forms a rigid support structure, but also suppresses the risk of splashing of cooling oil due to inertia through the wall adsorption effect, so that the high-speed cooling oil is transformed into a stable wall-adhering flow at this stage. This transition design from "inclined acceleration" to "vertical stable flow" can avoid the problem of oil film rupture caused by sudden changes in flow velocity in the oil guide plate to a certain extent, and prolongs the adhesion time of cooling oil on the side wall of the armature 20 through two-stage speed regulation.

[0063] After the cooling oil passes through the guide plate, its flow velocity and direction dynamically match the guiding surface of the downstream protruding connection 3: the converging effect of the first guide section 211 ensures that the cooling oil is concentrated through the surface of the protruding connection 3, while the stabilizing effect of the second guide section 212 ensures that the cooling oil is evenly distributed as it flows through the protruding connection 3, and finally seamlessly connects with the drainage channel of the guide groove 22. This segmented collaborative mechanism constructs a complete laminar flow guidance system within the space-constrained armature cavity 11, ensuring that the cooling oil always flows close to the heating surface throughout the entire process from the top of the armature 20 to the bottom of the housing body 1, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the side of the armature 20.

[0064] It is understandable that, since the heat generated at the front end of the armature 20 is higher than that at the rear end, in order to achieve effective heat dissipation of the armature 20, the flow rate of the cooling oil flowing through the front end of the armature 20 should be greater than that flowing through the rear end of the armature 20.

[0065] Based on this, in some embodiments, a first oil guiding surface 2121 and a second oil guiding surface 2122 are formed on the side of the second oil guiding section 212 facing the center of the armature cavity 11; the first oil guiding surface 2121 is connected to the first oil guiding section 211, the second oil guiding surface 2122 is connected to the side of the first oil guiding surface 2121 away from the first oil guiding section 211, and an oil guiding ridge 2123 is formed at the connection between the second oil guiding surface 2122 and the first oil guiding surface 2121; wherein, the first oil guiding surface 2121 is an arc-shaped surface protruding towards the center of the armature cavity 11, and the oil guiding ridge 2123 extends obliquely upward in the direction from front to back.

[0066] It should be noted that the aforementioned forward and backward directions can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 1 The front and back directions in the middle.

[0067] In the front region, the extension direction of the oil guide ridge 2123 forms a significant angle with the gravity flow direction of the cooling oil, creating a "reverse climbing guide surface" on the front side of the armature 20. Specifically, when high-speed cooling oil impacts the oil guide ridge 2123, it can convert some of the kinetic energy of the cooling oil into a tangential force along the ridge direction, forcing the cooling oil to roll back along the oil guide ridge 2123 to the front and upward, forming a local vortex effect. This active rollback mechanism allows the upper side of the armature 20 in the front high-heat zone to obtain additional oil film wetting, overcoming the defect of a cooling blind spot at the top in related technologies.

[0068] At the same time, the arc-shaped convex curvature of the first oil guide surface 2121 in the front region is adapted to the higher heat load requirements. Its enhanced centripetal convergence effect can constrain more cooling oil to the wall of the front armature 20, forming a high-density oil film covering layer, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency by extending the residence time of the cooling oil.

[0069] As for the low-heat area at the rear, the interference between the tilt angle of the oil guide ridge 2123 and the natural downward trend of the cooling oil is reduced. The smooth transition of the second oil guide surface 2122 allows the cooling oil to flow smoothly over the first side wall at a lower flow rate, which can avoid energy loss caused by excessive cooling to a certain extent, and maintain the basic heat dissipation requirements.

[0070] This spatial oil guiding strategy based on the difference in heat generation enables the front high-heat zone to achieve superimposed heat dissipation enhancement (reverse rollback of the oil guiding ridge 2123 + convergence of the first oil guiding surface 2121 + secondary distribution of the protruding connecting part 3), while the rear low-heat zone maintains basic laminar flow cooling. Ultimately, a gradient heat dissipation field that highly matches the heat source distribution is formed in the armature cavity 11. This can avoid energy waste caused by overall overcooling and, to a certain extent, avoid the risk of local overheating on the front side.

[0071] Furthermore, by defining the shapes of the first oil guide surface 2121 and the oil guide ridge 2123, the flow rate of the cooling oil flowing through the front end of the armature 20 is faster than that of the cooling oil flowing through the rear end of the armature 20, thereby improving the cooling effect on the front end of the electric drive 20.

[0072] In some specific implementations, the tilt angle of the oil guide rib 2123 is 3.5 degrees.

[0073] By limiting the angle of the oil guide 2123 as described above, when the cooling oil passes through the front oil guide 2123, the 3.5-degree tilt angle makes the tangential component of the ridge line and the gravitational component of the cooling oil reach a dynamic balance. This can drive some of the cooling oil to climb up along the ridge line to form reverse wetting at the top of the front side, while preventing the cooling oil from being lifted too much and detaching from the wall of the armature 20 due to the excessive angle.

[0074] At this angle, the cooling oil in the front high-heat zone forms a flow redistribution on the surface of the oil guide ridge 2123, wherein the rising cooling oil can cover the front top area of ​​the armature 20 that is difficult to reach in the related technology, while the remaining cooling oil maintains a converged flow along the first oil guide surface 2121, forming a high-density heat dissipation oil film in the lower middle part of the front.

[0075] For the low-heat area at the rear, the slight tilt angle of 3.5 degrees and the slight interference with the natural downward trend of the cooling oil can not only avoid the surge in flow resistance caused by the steep angle to a certain extent, but also maintain the continuous coverage of the oil film at the rear through the slight guiding effect of the ridge, ensuring the correspondence between the heat dissipation intensity and the heat source distribution.

[0076] Furthermore, this angle, together with the arc curvature of the first oil guide surface 2121 and the guiding surface of the protruding connecting part 3, forms a geometric synergy, enabling the cooling oil on the front side to accurately connect with the secondary oil guide surface of the protruding connecting part 3 during the fall process, thus forming a closed-loop heat dissipation path covering the entire heat gradient area on the front side.

[0077] This spatial flow control mechanism based on angle fine-tuning can improve the local heat dissipation intensity of the high-heat zone at the front while ensuring overall flow efficiency, and provide less cooling redundancy for the low-heat zone at the rear, so as to achieve a better balance between the thermal management efficiency and energy loss of the motor.

[0078] It is easy to understand that when the cooling oil passes through the oil guide 21, the inclined acceleration of the first oil guide section 211 may cause a sudden change in flow rate. If the subsequent flow channel lacks constraint, splashing is likely to occur, which may lead to problems such as oil film breakage and discontinuous coverage of the heat dissipation area.

[0079] Therefore, to avoid the aforementioned problems, in some optional embodiments, the second oil guiding section 212 includes an oil guiding portion 2124 and a positioning portion 2125 connected together. The oil guiding portion 2124 is connected to the cavity sidewall of the armature cavity 11, and the positioning portion 2125 is connected to both the cavity sidewall and the rear wall of the armature cavity 11. The positioning portion 2125 is connected to the rear side of the oil guiding portion 2124, and both the first oil guiding surface 2121 and the second oil guiding surface 2122 are formed on the oil guiding portion 2124. The positioning portion 2125 protrudes towards the center of the armature cavity 11 relative to the oil guiding portion 2124, forming an oil-blocking surface 2126 at the connection between the oil guiding portion 2124 and the positioning portion 2125. The extending direction of the oil-blocking surface 2126 is consistent with the radial direction of the armature cavity 11.

[0080] By restricting the structure of the second oil guide section 212 as described above, the oil guide part 2124 can receive the cooling oil accelerated by the first oil guide section 211. The thin structure of the oil guide part 2124 forms a flow channel close to the side wall of the armature 20, so that the high-speed cooling oil flows along the first oil guide surface 2121 and the second oil guide surface 2122 under the action of inertia.

[0081] When the cooling oil reaches the connection between the oil guide section 2124 and the positioning section 2125, the oil-blocking surface 2126 formed by the sudden change in thickness can effectively block splashing oil droplets caused by uneven flow rate or insufficient wall adsorption force. That is, by physically limiting, the cooling oil is forced to continue to flow downward along the wall of the oil guide section 2124, avoiding the cooling oil from splashing due to detachment from the wall, ensuring that the cooling oil remains in a laminar flow state during the transition from the first oil guide section 211 to the second oil guide section 212, and maintaining the continuity of the oil film on the side wall of the armature 20.

[0082] Building upon this, the synergistic effect of the oil-blocking surface 2126 and the positioning part 2125 further strengthens the path constraint of the cooling oil. The positioning part 2125 is thicker and connects to the rear wall of the armature cavity 11, resulting in higher structural rigidity. Together with the oil-blocking surface 2126, it forms a "stepped" oil guiding structure. Thus, on the one hand, the oil-blocking surface 2126 directly blocks oil droplets that may splash outward, forcing them to flow along the surface of the oil guiding part 2124, enhancing the adhesion of the cooling oil to the side wall of the armature 20. On the other hand, the flow channel cross-section contraction effect formed by the thickness difference can slightly increase the wall-adhering pressure of the cooling oil, further suppressing the splashing tendency and ensuring that the cooling oil always flows downward in a stable wall-adhering flow pattern when flowing through the second oil guiding section 212, laying a foundation for a uniform distribution of the subsequent flow through the protruding connecting part 3 and the oil guiding groove 22.

[0083] Furthermore, the oil-blocking surface 2126 constrains the flow state, ensuring that the oil film maintains complete coverage in the second oil guide section 212 area, especially providing continuous wetting to the front high-heat area.

[0084] Thus, the oil baffle 2126, through its differentiated structural geometry design, solves the problem of splashing during high-speed cooling oil flow to a certain extent without adding extra components, ensuring the continuity and stability of the internal flow channel of the oil guide 21.

[0085] It should be noted that the oil guide component 21 and the housing body 1 are integral structures. Since the oil guide component 21 and the housing body 1 are integrally formed, the assembly gaps and weak points of the split structure are eliminated to a certain extent. Especially under the complex vibration conditions of the vehicle, it can avoid the risk of deformation of the oil guide path or leakage of coolant caused by the relative displacement of the components.

[0086] Secondly, the integrated structure allows the flow-guiding surface of the oil guide 21 to seamlessly connect with the wall of the armature cavity 11 of the housing body 1, which to a certain extent eliminates the interference of steps or sharp edges that may exist in the split structure on the flow of cooling oil. Specifically, when the cooling oil flows to the first oil guide section 211, the smooth curved surface of the integrated transition area can reduce flow resistance and avoid eddies or splashes caused by sudden changes in flow velocity. Together with the oil baffle surface 2126 mentioned above, it forms a double guarantee to ensure that the cooling oil flows in a stable laminar flow form inside the oil guide 21 and connects with the guiding curved surface of the downstream protruding connecting part 3.

[0087] Furthermore, the integrated structure allows the oil guide 21 and the protruding connection 3 to be geometrically coordinated in design. For example, the tilt angle of the oil guide ridge 2123 matches the curvature of the guide surface of the protruding connection 3, so that the cooling oil can naturally conform to the outer surface of the protruding connection 3 after flowing out from the oil guide 21, forming a continuous flow channel of "oil guide 21 → protruding connection 3 → oil guide groove 22", avoiding oil flow scattering or path interruption caused by the fit gap between components.

[0088] Furthermore, the integrated structure reduces the number of parts and assembly steps, lowering the risk of flow guide failure due to misalignment of multiple components. Specifically, separate oil guide components need to be fixed to the main body 1 by bolts or welding, which may cause the tilt angle of the first oil guide section 211 to deviate from the design value due to installation deviations, affecting the acceleration and gathering effect of the cooling oil; while the integrated structure directly achieves a more precise geometric shape of the oil guide component 21 through mold forming.

[0089] Meanwhile, the integrated structure design avoids the use of seals or connectors, reducing material costs and assembly complexity, which meets the requirements of lightweight and high reliability of motors in vehicle applications.

[0090] Furthermore, the integrated structure allows the solid portion of the oil guide 21 to form a heat conduction path with the housing body 1, enabling the heat carried by the cooling oil to be directly discharged through the housing body 1, thereby enhancing the overall heat dissipation capacity of the motor. Specifically, the positioning part 2125 is integrally connected to the rear wall of the armature cavity 11. Its thicker structure not only provides mechanical support but also acts as a heat conduction medium to accelerate the diffusion of heat to the housing body 1, forming a "convection + conduction" composite heat dissipation effect with the wall-flowing cooling oil.

[0091] Of course, the integrated structure makes the oil guide 21 and the housing body 1 the same material, which to a certain extent avoids the problem of failure caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of different materials in the split structure. It ensures that the gap between the guide surface of the oil guide 21 and the side wall of the armature 20 remains stable under high and low temperature cycle conditions, maintains the uniform thickness of the cooling oil film, and achieves long-term uniformity of motor temperature distribution and operational stability.

[0092] Of course, in order to improve the structural strength of the motor housing 10, a reinforcing part 4 integrally formed with the housing body 1 is provided on the cavity sidewall of the armature cavity 11. The reinforcing part 4 extends from the front end of the armature cavity 11 to the rear end of the armature cavity 11. Specifically, the reinforcing part 4 includes a first positioning section 42 located at the front and a second positioning section 43 located at the rear. The second positioning section 43 protrudes relative to the first positioning section 42 toward the center of the armature cavity 11 to form a stop surface 44 at the connection between the first positioning section 42 and the second positioning section 43. The oil-blocking surface 2126 is located on the same plane as the stop surface 44, and the oil guide groove 22 is formed on the first positioning section 42.

[0093] Please continue to combine Figure 3 , Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point B. Because the cooling oil has a certain kinetic energy and inertia during the flow process, it may splash upward or overflow the oil guide groove 22. Therefore, a stop protrusion 5 is formed between the front sidewall of the oil guide groove 22 and the front sidewall of the first positioning section 42 in the axial direction of the armature cavity 11.

[0094] In some specific embodiments, the size of the oil guide groove 22 in the axial direction of the armature cavity 11 is greater than or equal to 100.5 mm and less than or equal to 101 mm, and the size of the armature 20 is greater than or equal to 100 mm and less than or equal to 100.5 mm. Thus, in the axial direction of the armature cavity 11, the oil guide groove 22 can completely cover the armature 20, thereby enabling the oil guide groove 22 to effectively cool the armature 20 while meeting processing requirements.

[0095] The presence of the stop protrusion 5 acts as a barrier, preventing the disorderly flow of cooling oil and ensuring that it can only continue to flow downstream along the path defined by the oil guide groove 22.

[0096] Furthermore, when the cooling oil enters the oil guide groove 22 in a relatively stable state, the stop protrusion 5 can prevent the cooling oil from deviating from the oil guide groove 22 due to external factors (such as motor vibration). This ensures the continuity and stability of the cooling oil in the entire three-stage relay-type oil guide channel of "oil guide 21 → protruding connecting part 3 → oil guide groove 22", so that the cooling oil can continuously and evenly wet the side wall of the armature 20, further improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0097] Furthermore, the stop protrusion 5 can better confine the cooling oil within the oil guide groove 22, especially in the area corresponding to the front end of the armature 20, ensuring sufficient cooling oil to adequately cool the high-heat area at the front end. For the low-heat area at the rear end, the stop protrusion 5 can also ensure stable flow of cooling oil, to a certain extent preventing excessive loss of cooling oil and maintaining basic heat dissipation requirements, thereby forming a gradient heat dissipation field within the armature cavity 11 that highly matches the heat source distribution.

[0098] In addition, the integral molding of the reinforcing part 4 and the shell body 1 not only strengthens the structural strength of the motor shell 10, but also enables the stop protrusion 5 to play a more reliable stopping role, and will not loosen or deform due to the vibration of the motor operation, thus ensuring the long-term effectiveness of its cooling oil stopping function.

[0099] That is, the stop protrusion 5 works in conjunction with the oil guide 21, the protruding connecting part 3 and other structures to ensure the stability and continuity of the cooling oil flow, improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor, and at the same time, combined with the structural design of the reinforcing part 4, ensures the reliability of the stop function, so that the motor can operate efficiently in a stable temperature environment.

[0100] Please continue to combine Figures 4 to 6 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first partial structure of the motor provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the second partial structure of the motor provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of the partial structure at point C. As shown in the figure, the armature 20 is installed inside the armature cavity 11. Therefore, in order to achieve a quick connection between the armature 20 and the housing body 1, the relative position between the armature 20 and the housing body 1 can be defined. Specifically, a positioning surface 41 is also formed on the first positioning section 42, and the positioning surface 41 is located behind the oil guide groove 22; the groove wall of the oil guide groove 22 near the positioning surface 41 extends obliquely to form a guide structure 6, and the guide structure 6 connects to the positioning surface 41. The rear end of the main body 202 of the armature 20 abuts against the stop surface 44, and the armature 20 and the positioning surface 41 are transitionally fitted.

[0101] It should be noted that the transition fit between the armature 20 and the positioning surface 41 ensures the reliability of the connection between the armature 20 and the motor housing 10. The positioning surface 41 provides a precise positioning reference for the axial position of the armature 20 in the armature cavity 11, allowing the armature 20 to be accurately positioned as designed. Furthermore, the integral structure of the reinforcing part 4 and the housing body 1 provides a stable support frame for the installation of the armature 20. The reinforcing part 4 extends from the opening to the bottom of the armature cavity 11, enhancing the strength and rigidity of the sidewalls of the armature cavity 11. This allows the motor housing 10 to withstand certain external forces without deformation during the installation of the armature 20, ensuring the geometric stability of the positioning surface 41 and the entire armature cavity 11.

[0102] Furthermore, when installing the armature 20, the guide structure 6 can provide some guidance to the rear end of the armature 20, making it easier and more accurate to enter the positioning surface 41. At the same time, the presence of the guide structure 6 further clarifies the position and orientation of the armature 20 during installation, helping to improve the efficiency and accuracy of installation.

[0103] It is understood that, in order to position the armature 20 with the positioning surface 41, the shape of the bottom wall of the groove of the positioning surface 41 should match the shape of the main body 202. That is, the bottom of the groove of the positioning surface 41 is an arc-shaped wall, and the diameter of the arc-shaped wall is greater than or equal to 220 mm and less than or equal to 220.046 mm. The axial dimension of the positioning surface 41 along the armature cavity 11 is 25 mm. In addition, the axial dimension of the guide structure 6 in the armature cavity 41 is 2 mm, and the tilt angle of the guide structure 6 is 30 degrees. It should be noted that the dimensions of the positioning surface 41 and the guide structure 6 need to be determined based on the dimensions of the armature 20, and the tilt angle of the guide structure 6 needs to be determined based on the groove depth of the oil guide groove 22 and the positioning surface 41. Therefore, in other embodiments, the dimensions of the positioning surface 41, the dimensions of the guide structure 6, and the tilt angle of the guide structure 6 can be other values, which are not limited here.

[0104] The mating dimension between the armature 20 and the fixing slot 22 is greater than or equal to -0.03 mm and less than or equal to 0.096 mm. In some other embodiments, this mating dimension may also be other values, which are not limited here.

[0105] Furthermore, to improve the installation efficiency of the armature 20, the housing body 1 can be expanded beforehand during the installation process. In some specific embodiments, the motor housing 10 can be placed in a heating environment of 100 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes before being heat-fitted onto the armature 20. This improves the assembly efficiency between the armature 20 and the motor housing 10.

[0106] In some embodiments, two armatures 20 may be provided in the armature cavity 11. That is, the armature cavity 11 includes a first sub-cavity 111 and a second sub-cavity 112 that are connected. The first sub-cavity 111 and the second sub-cavity 112 are arranged side by side along the left and right direction of the motor housing 10, and the first sub-cavity 111 and the second sub-cavity 112 are symmetrical about the central axis l extending in the up and down direction of the armature cavity 11. An armature 20 is provided in the first sub-cavity 111 and an armature 20 is provided in the second sub-cavity 112. Both the first sub-cavity 111 and the second sub-cavity 112 are provided with an oil guiding structure 2.

[0107] Since the first sub-cavity 111 and the second sub-cavity 112 are radially distributed along the motor housing 10, the oil guiding structure 2 in each sub-cavity can be independently designed for the heating characteristics of the corresponding armature 20. Specifically, the oil guiding component 21 of each sub-cavity forms a gradually narrowing flow channel through the inclined surface of the first oil guiding section 211, guiding the cooling oil to converge towards the heating area on the side of the armature 20, and then through the secondary guiding of the protruding connecting part 3 and the path extension of the oil guiding groove 22, forming a dedicated "three-stage relay oil guiding channel". This independent oil guiding structure 2 avoids mutual interference of cooling oil between the two armatures 20, ensuring that the heat dissipation process of each armature 20 is not affected by the flow field change of the other sub-cavity, while meeting the integration requirements of the dual armature 20 motor in space-constrained scenarios.

[0108] Secondly, since the oil guiding structures 2 of the first sub-cavity 111 and the second sub-cavity 112 are highly symmetrical in geometric features, the flow trajectory of the cooling oil in the first sub-cavity 111 and the second sub-cavity 112 is consistent, avoiding the temperature difference between the two armatures 20 caused by uneven flow field.

[0109] Furthermore, since the oil guiding structures 2 of the first sub-cavity 111 and the second sub-cavity 112 are independent of each other, if the oil guiding groove 22 in one sub-cavity is blocked by impurities or the oil guiding component 21 is damaged, resulting in a decrease in heat dissipation efficiency, the cooling oil in the other sub-cavity can still effectively dissipate heat to the corresponding armature 20 through a dedicated flow channel, avoiding a single fault from causing overall failure and improving the overall safety of the motor.

[0110] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides a motor, including the aforementioned motor housing 10 and two armatures 20. One of the two armatures 20 is disposed in the first sub-cavity 111 of the armature cavity 11, and the other of the two armatures 20 is disposed in the second sub-cavity 112 of the armature cavity 11. A gap 7 is provided between the bottom of the oil guide groove 22 and the side wall of the armature 20, and the width of the gap 7 is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 2.5 mm. The width of the gap 7 is the radial dimension of the gap 7 in the armature cavity 11.

[0111] When the motor is in low temperature operation, the viscosity of the gear oil increases and the flow resistance increases. If the width of the gap 7 is too small, the oil may not be able to pass smoothly through the flow channel between the oil guide groove 22 and the armature 20 due to excessive viscosity, causing the cooling oil to accumulate at the oil guide 21 or the protruding connection 3, thus forming a heat dissipation blind zone.

[0112] The minimum width design of 2 mm ensures that the gear oil can still flow stably along the channel between the bottom wall of the oil guide groove 22 and the side wall of the armature 20 under low temperature by gravity and geometric guidance of the gap 7. This maintains the smooth flow of the three-stage guide path of "oil guide 21 → protruding connection 3 → oil guide groove 22" and avoids heat dissipation failure caused by oil stagnation.

[0113] Secondly, when the motor operates under high temperature conditions, the viscosity of the gear oil decreases and the flow rate increases. If the gap is too large, the high-speed flowing oil is prone to detach from the side wall of the armature 20 due to inertia under the action of gravity, and flows directly to the lower part of the housing body 1 along the groove wall of the oil guide groove 22. This results in the oil film not being able to fully adhere to the heat-generating area on the side of the armature 20, thus weakening the heat exchange efficiency.

[0114] The 2.5 mm width restriction forces the oil to remain in a wall-adhesive flow state when flowing through the gap 7 due to the wall adsorption effect and flow channel constraint. This works in conjunction with the stop protrusion 5 and the guide structure 6 to ensure that the cooling oil can still flow along the side wall of the armature 20 in a stable laminar flow form at high temperatures, prolonging the contact time between the oil film and the heating surface, and further enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the front high-heat zone.

[0115] In other words, by adapting to the characteristics of oil viscosity changing with temperature, the width limitation of gap 7 achieves a balance between flow resistance and heat dissipation against the wall, thereby improving the reliable operation of the motor in extreme environments.

[0116] In some specific embodiments, the shape of the oil guide groove 22 is also adapted to the shape of the main body 202. That is, the bottom wall of the oil guide groove 22 is an arc-shaped wall, and the diameter of the oil guide groove 22 is greater than or equal to 224 mm and less than or equal to 225 mm, while the outer diameter of the main body 202 is greater than or equal to 219.95 mm and less than or equal to 220.03 mm. Of course, in some other embodiments, the dimensions of the oil guide groove 22 and the main body 202 can be other values, which are not specifically limited here.

[0117] Furthermore, the stop protrusion 5 has an inner wall 51 disposed facing the center of the armature cavity 11. The inner wall 51 is in clearance fit with the armature 20. In the radial direction of the armature cavity 11, the distance H between the inner wall 51 and the side wall of the armature 20 is greater than or equal to 0.154 mm and less than or equal to 0.254 mm.

[0118] First, the aforementioned dimensional range ensures that the armature 20 can be properly assembled into either the first sub-cavity 111 or the second sub-cavity 112 of the armature cavity 11. In a dual armature 20 system, precise assembly is fundamental to ensuring the normal operation of the motor. If the distance between the inner wall 51 and the side wall of the armature 20 is too small, interference may occur between the armature 20 and the stop protrusion 5 during assembly, leading to assembly difficulties or even damage to components; conversely, if the distance is too large, the accurate position of the armature 20 within the armature cavity 11 cannot be guaranteed, potentially affecting the motor's electromagnetic performance and heat dissipation. This dimensional range limitation allows the armature 20 to be smoothly installed into the corresponding sub-cavity, providing a guarantee for the overall assembly of the motor.

[0119] Secondly, the manufacturing of the motor housing 10 and related components usually employs processes such as mold forming and precision machining. This size range can be easily achieved under existing processing technology, ensuring product quality and production efficiency.

[0120] Furthermore, during the cooling process, cooling oil flows from the oil guide 21 through the protruding connecting part 3 into the oil guide groove 22. The function of the stop protrusion 5 is to prevent the cooling oil from overflowing the oil guide groove 22. When the distance between the inner wall 51 and the side wall of the armature 20 is within the aforementioned range, the stop protrusion 5 can be increased as much as possible without excessively increasing the risk of interference with the armature 20. In this way, when the cooling oil flows through the oil guide groove 22, it is blocked by the stop protrusion 5 and can only flow along the limited path of the oil guide groove 22, ensuring that the cooling oil can fully contact the side wall of the armature 20, carrying away the heat generated by the armature 20 and improving the cooling efficiency.

[0121] In addition, the gap 7 ensures the normal flow of cooling oil under high and low temperature conditions, while the distance H between the inner wall 51 and the side wall of the main body 202 ensures that the cooling oil can accurately reach the area that needs to be cooled.

[0122] Of course, to accommodate the assembly of the armature 20, the inner wall 51 can also be an arc-shaped wall. In this specific embodiment, the diameter of the inner wall 51 can be greater than or equal to 219.7 mm and less than or equal to 219.8 mm. In this case, the diameter of the main body 202 is greater than or equal to 220 mm and less than or equal to 220.046 mm. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the diameters of the inner wall 51 and the main body 202 can be other numerical ranges, which are not limited here.

[0123] In addition, in order to ensure that the cooling oil fully covers the armature 20, in some optional embodiments, the sum of the dimensions of the oil guide groove 22 and the positioning surface 41 in the axial direction of the armature cavity 11 is greater than or equal to the dimensions of the armature 20.

[0124] By limiting the dimensions described above, the machining of the oil guide groove 22 and the positioning surface 41 will not be difficult due to excessive size, nor will they be unable to meet the design requirements due to excessive size. This ensures that the motor can be manufactured efficiently and accurately during the production process, guaranteeing product quality and production efficiency.

[0125] Moreover, this limited range ensures that the armature 20 is fully covered within the axial range of the armature cavity 11, thereby guaranteeing effective cooling. Specifically, in the dual armature 20 system, both armatures 20 within the first sub-cavity 111 and the second sub-cavity 112 require effective cooling. Cooling oil flows from the oil guide 21 through the protruding connecting portion 3 into the oil guide groove 22. The sum of the axial dimensions of the oil guide groove 22 and the positioning surface 41 is greater than or equal to the dimension of the armature 20, meaning that the cooling oil can flow throughout the entire height of the armature 20. The cooling oil can fully contact the sidewalls of the armature 20, carrying away the heat generated by the armature 20 and preventing localized overheating. Especially for areas on the armature 20 where heat is concentrated, such as the area corresponding to the connecting lug 201, the cooling oil can continuously cool, ensuring that the motor temperature remains within a reasonable range during operation.

[0126] Moreover, in the dual armature 20 system, the oil guide grooves 22 and positioning surfaces 41 in both sub-cavities adopt this design, which ensures that the cooling effect of the two armatures 20 is consistent and improves the overall stability and reliability of the motor.

[0127] In each armature 20, the edge lug 2011 is located near one of the multiple connecting lugs 201, and the edge lug 2011 has a first side wall 2012 and a second side wall 2013 disposed opposite to each other. The first side wall 2012 is located below the second side wall 2013, and the first oil guide section 211 is parallel to the first side wall 2012 disposed nearby.

[0128] When the first oil guide section 211 is parallel to the first side wall 2012, the cooling oil can flow more smoothly along the first side wall 2012 when passing through this section, reducing flow resistance and energy loss. This allows the cooling oil to reach the edge lug 2011 and the surrounding area more efficiently, providing sufficient cooling to that area.

[0129] Furthermore, the parallel design of the first oil guide section 211 and the first side wall 2012 optimizes the flow state of the cooling oil before it enters the oil guide groove 22, allowing the cooling oil to enter the subsequent cooling process more effectively. Guided by the parallel first oil guide section 211 and the first side wall 2012, the cooling oil can flow into the oil guide groove 22 more precisely, thereby cooling the armature 20 and improving the overall cooling efficiency.

[0130] Furthermore, during manufacturing, the parallel relationship facilitates the determination of the relative positions and dimensional accuracy of each component, reducing machining difficulty. During assembly, it also makes it easier to ensure the correct fit between the first oil guide section 211 and the edge lug 2011, improving assembly efficiency.

[0131] Furthermore, the connection between the first side wall 2012 and the main body 202 is the first position A1, and the connection between the first oil guide section 211 and the second oil guide section 212 is the second position A2; in the vertical direction, the first position A1 and the second position A2 are at the same height.

[0132] The edge lug 2011 serves as the connection point between the armature 20 and the motor housing 10. The connection point between the edge lug 2011 and the main body 202 (first position A1) is typically a heat concentration area. The second position A2 serves as the transition node for the oil guide 21 from the first oil guide section 211 to the second oil guide section 212. The fact that the two positions are at the same height means that when the cooling oil flows through the second position A2, the vertical height of its flow trajectory corresponds precisely to the heat-generating core area of ​​the edge lug 2011. This allows the cooling oil to directly cover the first position A1 with a stable flow rate and direction when accelerating from the first oil guide section 211 to the second oil guide section 212, avoiding cooling oil displacement or splashing caused by height misalignment.

[0133] For example, if the second position A2 is higher or lower than the first position A1, the cooling oil may reach the edge lug 2011 earlier or later due to gravity or inertia, resulting in insufficient local cooling or oil film breakage. The highly consistent design ensures that the cooling oil acts on the key heat-generating area of ​​the edge lug 2011 during the transition phase from "inclined acceleration to vertical steady flow," forming a "directional flushing" effect and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of that area.

[0134] Secondly, the second position A2 is the turning point of the cooling oil flow rate and flow state. When this turning point is at the same height as the first position A1, the kinetic energy and wall adhesion of the cooling oil at this point are balanced. The high-speed flowing cooling oil flows closely to the first side wall 2012 under the action of inertia. At the same time, the vertical wall of the second oil guide section 212 maintains the continuity of the oil film through the adsorption effect, forming a composite heat dissipation mode of "accelerated flushing + stable flow coverage".

[0135] Furthermore, since the first position A1 and the second position A2 are at the same height in the vertical direction, the transition area between the first oil guide section 211 and the second oil guide section 212 forms a mechanical synergy with the structurally weak area of ​​the edge lug 2011. On the one hand, the rigid structure of the oil guide 21 integrally formed with the shell body 1 provides indirect support for the edge lug 2011, reducing stress concentration at the connection point caused by motor vibration; on the other hand, the stable flow of cooling oil in the equal-height area avoids additional impact force caused by sudden changes in flow velocity, reducing the fatigue risk of the edge lug 2011 due to long-term oil flow impact.

[0136] The motor provided in this embodiment has high stability in use by adopting the motor housing 10 described above.

[0137] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, including a frame and the aforementioned motor, the motor including a motor housing 10. A mounting portion is formed on the side of the protruding connecting portion 3 opposite to the center of the armature cavity 11. The mounting portion is connected to the frame via a mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket and the frame can be connected by threaded fasteners or welded together, etc.

[0138] It should be noted that the structure of the motor has been described in detail in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. The vehicle provided in this embodiment should also include other components or modules, which will not be described in detail here.

[0139] The vehicle provided in this embodiment has high stability in use by adopting the above-mentioned motor.

[0140] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A motor housing, characterized in that, include: The main body of the shell has an armature cavity that extends in the front-to-back direction. as well as An oil guiding structure is disposed within the armature cavity. The oil guiding structure includes an oil guiding element and an oil guiding groove, allowing cooling oil to flow to the lower part of the housing body under the guidance of the oil guiding structure. In the direction of the coolant flow, the oil guide is located upstream of the oil guide groove.

2. The motor housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil guiding structure further includes a protruding connecting portion, which is located between the oil guiding component and the oil guiding groove; The protruding connection portion is formed on the cavity sidewall of the armature cavity, and the protruding connection portion protrudes toward the center of the armature cavity; The cooling oil flows sequentially through the oil guide, the protruding connecting portion, and the oil guide groove to the lower part of the housing body.

3. The motor housing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The oil guiding component is an oil guiding plate, which includes a first oil guiding section and a second oil guiding section connected together. In the flow direction of the cooling oil, the first oil guiding section is located upstream of the second oil guiding section. The first oil guide section is connected to the cavity side wall of the armature cavity and the cavity rear wall of the armature cavity, and the second oil guide section is connected to the cavity rear wall of the armature cavity; The first oil guide section extends obliquely downward in the direction from the cavity sidewall of the armature cavity to the center of the armature cavity, and at least a portion of the second oil guide section extends vertically downward.

4. The motor housing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second oil guide section has a first oil guide surface and a second oil guide surface on the side facing the center of the armature cavity; The first oil guiding surface is connected to the first oil guiding segment, and the second oil guiding surface is connected to the side of the first oil guiding surface away from the first oil guiding segment, and an oil guiding ridge is formed at the connection between the second oil guiding surface and the first oil guiding surface; The first oil guiding surface is an arc-shaped surface that protrudes toward the center of the armature cavity, and the oil guiding ridge extends upward at an angle from front to back.

5. The motor housing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second oil guide section includes an oil guide part and a positioning part connected together; The oil guiding part is connected to the cavity side wall of the armature cavity, the positioning part is connected to the cavity side wall of the armature cavity and the cavity rear wall of the armature cavity, the positioning part is connected to the rear side of the oil guiding part, and the first oil guiding surface and the second oil guiding surface are both formed on the oil guiding part; The positioning part protrudes towards the center of the armature cavity relative to the oil guide part, so as to form an oil-blocking surface at the connection between the oil guide part and the positioning part.

6. The motor housing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The armature cavity has a reinforcing part integrally formed with the housing body on its cavity sidewall, and the reinforcing part extends from the front end of the armature cavity to the rear end of the armature cavity; The reinforcing part includes a first positioning section located at the front and a second positioning section located at the rear. The second positioning section protrudes relative to the first positioning section toward the center of the armature cavity to form a stop surface at the connection between the first positioning section and the second positioning section. The oil guide groove is formed on the first positioning section, and a stop protrusion is formed between the front sidewall of the oil guide groove and the front sidewall of the first positioning section. A positioning surface is also formed on the first positioning section, and the positioning surface is located on the rear side of the oil guide groove; The oil guide groove extends at an angle near the positioning surface to form a guide structure, and the guide structure is connected to the positioning surface.

7. The motor housing according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that, The armature cavity includes a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity that are connected to each other, and the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are arranged side by side along the left-right direction of the motor housing; The first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are symmetrical about the central axis extending vertically about the armature cavity, and the oil guiding structure is provided in both the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity.

8. An electric motor, characterized in that, Includes the motor housing and two armatures as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; One of the two armatures is disposed in the first sub-cavity of the armature cavity, and the other of the two armatures is disposed in the second sub-cavity of the armature cavity, with the rear end of the armature abutting against the stop surface of the motor housing; Wherein, there is a gap between the bottom of the oil guide groove and the side wall of the armature, and the width of the gap is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 2.5 mm; The stop protrusion of the motor housing has an inner wall facing the center of the armature cavity. The inner wall is in clearance fit with the armature. In the radial direction of the armature cavity, the distance between the inner wall and the side wall of the armature is greater than or equal to 0.154 mm and less than or equal to 0.254 mm. The positioning surface of the motor housing transitions into the armature.

9. The motor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The armature includes a main body and a plurality of connecting lugs connected to the main body. The plurality of connecting lugs include edge lugs disposed near the oil guiding structure. The edge lugs have a first side wall and a second side wall disposed opposite to each other. The first side wall is located below the second side wall. The connection between the first side wall and the main body is a first position. The first oil guiding section of the oil guiding component is parallel to the first side wall surface near it, and the connection between the first oil guiding section and the second oil guiding section of the oil guiding component is the second position. In the vertical direction, the first position and the second position are at the same height.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a frame and the motor as described in claim 8 or 9, the motor including a motor housing, a mounting portion formed on the side of the protruding connecting portion of the motor housing opposite to the center of the armature cavity, the mounting portion being connected to the frame via a suspension.

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