Permanent magnet synchronous strong drive down-type passenger elevator without counterweight
By setting through holes and stop pins at the bottom of the guide rail, combined with the spring design on the crossbeam, the safety hazards and poor vibration reduction effect of the non-counterweight permanent magnet synchronous strong drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator during maintenance are solved, achieving higher safety and vibration reduction effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHEJIANG ANJIA EXPRESS ELEVATOR CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing counterweight-less permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevators pose safety hazards during maintenance and have poor shock absorption, especially in terms of insufficient protection for workers at the bottom of the car.
Multiple through holes and stop pins are provided at the bottom of the guide rail. The steel cable passes around the movable pulley at the top of the car frame and connects to the crossbeam. A spiral spring is installed on the crossbeam to enhance the shock absorption effect. At the same time, the stop pin is inserted to protect the safety of workers during maintenance.
It effectively reduces safety hazards during maintenance, and the spring design improves the elevator's shock absorption effect, protecting worker safety and enhancing the stability of the elevator car.
Smart Images
Figure CN224313022U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of passenger elevators, and in particular relates to a counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous strong drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator. Background Technology
[0002] The counterweightless permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator (referred to as passenger elevator) is a new type of elevator. Its characteristics are that it has no counterweight and uses a permanent magnet synchronous motor as the power source to force the car to rise and fall. The permanent magnet synchronous motor is located at the bottom of the shaft, which makes it convenient for workers to enter the shaft to carry out maintenance work on the motor. It is generally used as a home elevator.
[0003] The existing passenger elevator structure mainly includes a control system and a shaft. A crossbeam is located at the top of the shaft, with guide wheels on the crossbeam. A rectangular car frame is located below the crossbeam, containing the car. A shock-absorbing mechanism connecting the car frame is located at the bottom of the car. Guide rails fixed to the shaft are located on both sides of the car frame. Guide shoes that mate with the guide rails are located on the side walls of the car frame. Safety clamps that mate with the guide rails are also located on the side walls of the car frame. A buffer and a permanent magnet synchronous motor are located at the bottom of the shaft. A reducer is located at the output end of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and a brake is integrated into the reducer. A drum is located at the output end of the reducer, carrying a steel cable. The steel cable is connected to the top of the car frame via guide wheels. A rope clamp is located near the steel cable. Normally, the rope clamp does not function. The rope clamp typically consists of two plates connected by screws, with the steel cable passing between the two plates. One of the plates is fixed to the bottom of the shaft.
[0004] The working principle is as follows: the permanent magnet synchronous motor drives the drum through the reducer, and the drum pulls the steel cable to realize the lifting and lowering of the car; the car is guided by the guide rail and guide shoes; when the car overspeeds, the control system activates the safety clamp to hold the guide rail and stop the car from falling; when the car overspeeds, the control system stops the reducer through the brake and stops the car from falling; when the safety clamp and reducer fail at the same time, the car falls to the bottom of the shaft and contacts the buffer, so that the car lands with a buffer. The buffer is the last safety measure.
[0005] When workers enter the bottom of the hoistway to inspect the motor, brake, reducer, and drum, the control system needs to be switched to maintenance mode. In this mode, the safety clamp grips the guide rail, the brake is engaged, and the rope clamp is connected to the steel cable to prevent movement. The safety clamp and brake function before the worker enters the hoistway, but the rope clamp only functions after the worker enters and installs it onto the steel cable. This installation process typically takes time. During this period, if the safety clamp and brake fail, the car will fall. The buffer height is generally no more than 0.5 meters, only protecting personnel inside the car and not workers at the bottom. Therefore, the safety hazard for workers inside the hoistway remains significant.
[0006] In addition, the shock absorption mechanism at the bottom of the car is used to reduce the impact between the car frame and the car, making the car more stable. However, due to the consideration of reducing the height requirements of the hoistway, the height of the shock absorption mechanism is relatively low and the buffer stroke is relatively short, resulting in poor shock absorption effect of the car. Utility Model Content
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator. This invention has the advantages of reducing safety hazards and providing better shock absorption.
[0008] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous strong drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator, including a shaft, a crossbeam at the top of the shaft, a car frame below the crossbeam, a car inside the car frame, a shock-absorbing mechanism connected to the car frame at the bottom of the car, guide rails on both sides of the car frame, a permanent magnet synchronous motor at the bottom of the shaft, a reducer at the output end of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a drum at the output end of the reducer, and a steel cable connected to the car frame on the drum. Multiple vertically arranged through holes are provided at the bottom of the guide rails, with the height of the through holes from the ground ranging from 1.6 to 2.2 meters. The passenger elevator is also equipped with at least two stop pins that fit with the through holes.
[0009] In the aforementioned counterweightless permanent magnet synchronous strong drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator, one end of the stop pin is provided with a cap with a diameter larger than the through hole, and the other end of the stop pin is provided with a chamfer.
[0010] In the aforementioned counterweightless permanent magnet synchronous strong drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator, the stop pin is bent into a V-shape, and both ends of the stop pin are chamfered.
[0011] In the aforementioned counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator, the end of the crossbeam is inserted into the shaft wall.
[0012] In the aforementioned counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous strong drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator, the crossbeam includes a left beam and a right beam. A first guide wheel and a second guide wheel are provided between the left beam and the right beam. A first adapter plate and a second adapter plate are provided between the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel. A guide tube is provided between the first adapter plate and the second adapter plate. A spiral spring is provided inside the guide tube. A piston that cooperates with the guide tube is provided at one end of the spring.
[0013] The top of the car frame is provided with a first movable pulley and a second movable pulley. The end of the steel cable passes through the first guide wheel, the first movable pulley, the second movable pulley, and the second guide wheel in sequence, and is fixed to the piston after passing through the first adapter plate and the spring.
[0014] In the aforementioned counterweightless permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator, the first adapter plate is provided with a through hole that fits with the steel cable gap, and the second adapter plate is provided with an exhaust hole corresponding to the position of the guide tube. The diameter of the exhaust hole is larger than the diameter of the piston.
[0015] In the aforementioned counterweightless permanent magnet synchronous strong drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator, the spring is provided with at least one stop block fixed to the steel cable, and the diameter of the stop block is larger than the diameter of the through hole.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model mainly makes two improvements on the basis of existing passenger elevators.
[0017] Firstly, multiple through holes are installed at the bottom of the guide rail, each equipped with a locking pin that engages with the through holes. During maintenance, after entering the hoistway, the worker inserts the locking pin into the through hole according to their height. For example, if the worker is 1.7m tall, the locking pin should be inserted into a through hole 1.8m or taller. At this point, even if the safety clamp and brake fail, the car falling will not crush the worker. The time required to insert the locking pin into the through hole is very short, reducing safety hazards. The locking pin is removed when all maintenance work is completed and the worker is about to leave the hoistway.
[0018] Secondly, the steel cable is not directly connected to the car frame, but first passes around two movable pulleys at the top of the car frame and then connects to the crossbeam. A spiral spring is installed on the crossbeam to dampen the car. Since the spring is set horizontally, it does not occupy the height space of the hoistway and can be set to be longer, resulting in a better damping effect.
[0019] In summary, this utility model has the advantages of reducing safety hazards and providing good shock absorption. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view at point A.
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a stop pin being inserted into a through hole.
[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another type of stop pin inserted into the through hole.
[0024] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Crossbeam, 2-Car frame, 3-Car, 4-First moving pulley, 5-Second moving pulley, 6-Drum, 7-Steel cable, 8-Through hole, 9-Guide rail, 10-Stop pin, 11-Buffer, 13-First guide wheel, 14-Second guide wheel, 15-First adapter plate, 16-Second adapter plate, 17-Guide tube, 18-Spring, 19-Piston, 20-Through hole, 21-Exhaust hole, 22-Stop block, 23-Guide shoe, 24-Safety clamp. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0026] Example: A bottom-mounted passenger elevator with a permanent magnet synchronous drive and no counterweight, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a control system and a hoistway. A crossbeam 1 is provided at the top of the hoistway, and the end of the crossbeam 1 is inserted into the hoistway wall. A car frame 2 is provided below the crossbeam 1, and a car 3 is provided inside the car frame 2. A shock-absorbing mechanism is provided at the bottom of the car 3 to connect to the car frame 2. Guide rails 9 are provided on both sides of the car frame 2. Guide shoes 23 are provided on the car frame 2 to connect to the guide rails 9. A safety clamp 24 that cooperates with the guide rails 9 is provided on the car frame 2. The safety clamp is connected to the controller through a linkage mechanism. A buffer 11 is provided at the bottom of the hoistway. A permanent magnet synchronous motor connected to the control system is provided at the bottom of the hoistway. A reducer is provided at the output end of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. A brake connected to the control system is integrated on the reducer. A drum 6 is provided at the output end of the reducer. A steel cable 7 connected to the car frame 2 is provided on the drum 6.
[0027] The bottom of the guide rail 9 is provided with eight vertically arranged through holes 8, the height of the eight through holes 8 from the ground is distributed between 1.6 and 2.2 meters. The passenger elevator is also equipped with at least two stop pins 10 that are clearance-fitted with the through holes 8. The diameter of the stop pin 10 is larger than the gap width between the guide shoe 23 and the guide rail 9, about 10 mm in diameter.
[0028] One end of the stop pin 10 has a cap with a diameter larger than that of the through hole 8, and the other end of the stop pin 10 has a chamfer. Alternatively, the stop pin 10 can be bent into a V-shape, with chamfers at both ends. The chamfers make it easier for workers to quickly insert the stop pin 10 into the through hole.
[0029] The crossbeam 1 includes a left beam and a right beam. The ends of the left beam and the right beam are fixed together. The cross-sections of the left beam and the right beam are both U-shaped with the openings facing outwards. A first guide wheel 13 and a second guide wheel 14 are provided between the left beam and the right beam. The first guide wheel 13 and the second guide wheel 14 are rotatably connected between the left beam and the right beam. A first adapter plate 15 and a second adapter plate 16 are screwed between the first adapter plate 13 and the second adapter plate 14. A guide tube 17 is provided between the first adapter plate 15 and the second adapter plate 16. A spiral spring 18 is provided inside the guide tube 17. One end of the spring 18 is provided with a piston 19 that cooperates with the guide tube 17.
[0030] The top of the car frame 2 is provided with a first movable pulley 4 and a second movable pulley 5. Both the first movable pulley 4 and the second movable pulley 5 are rotatably connected to the car frame 2. The end of the steel cable 7 passes through the first guide wheel 13, the first movable pulley 4, the second movable pulley 5, and the second guide wheel 14 in sequence, and is fixed to the piston 19 after passing through the first adapter plate 15 and the spring 18.
[0031] The first adapter plate 15 has a through hole 20 that fits with the steel cable 7 with a clearance. The second adapter plate 16 has an exhaust hole 21 corresponding to the position of the guide tube 17. The diameter of the exhaust hole 21 is larger than the diameter of the piston 19, so that the piston 19 can move to the right side of the second adapter plate 16 when the spring 18 is not tensioned, which facilitates assembly. The piston 19 consists of two symmetrical parts, which are connected and fixed with screws to clamp the steel cable 7.
[0032] The spring 18 contains three stops 22 fixed to the steel cable 7. The diameter of each stop 22 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 20. Like the piston 19, each stop 22 consists of two symmetrical parts connected by screws to clamp the steel cable 7. The stops 22 are used to increase safety; if the piston 19 fails, the car will not fall.
[0033] A rope clamp is installed near the steel cable 7. The rope clamp is located at the bottom of the shaft and is connected to the shaft wall or the base of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. It can provide a point of force to hold the steel cable 7.
[0034] Working Principle: The working principle is basically the same as that of existing passenger elevators. The difference is that the steel cable 7 is not directly connected to the car frame 2, but instead passes around the first moving pulley 4 and the second moving pulley 5 before connecting to the crossbeam. This provides two connection points between the steel cable 7 and the car frame 2, resulting in a wider connection range, better traction, and improved safety. Springs 18 installed on the crossbeam 1 are used to dampen the car's vibration. Without occupying the shaft's height space, the length of springs 18 can be set relatively long, creating a longer buffer and improving the car's vibration damping effect. During maintenance, after entering the shaft, workers first insert the stop pin 10 into the corresponding through hole 8 according to their own height. At this point, even if the brake and safety clamp fail, the car will only descend to the stop pin 10 at most, protecting the worker's safety. Inserting the stop pin 10 into the through hole 8 is a quick action, reducing safety hazards. After inserting the stop pin 10, workers have ample time to connect the steel cable 7 to the rope clamp. Any parts not described in detail in this embodiment belong to existing technology.
[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
Claims
1. A counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator, comprising a shaft, a crossbeam (1) at the top of the shaft, a car frame (2) below the crossbeam (1), a car (3) inside the car frame (2), a shock-absorbing mechanism connecting the car frame (2) at the bottom of the car (3), guide rails (9) on both sides of the car frame (2), a permanent magnet synchronous motor at the bottom of the shaft, a reducer at the output end of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a drum (6) at the output end of the reducer, and a steel cable (7) connecting the car frame (2) on the drum (6), characterized in that: The bottom of the guide rail (9) is provided with multiple vertically arranged through holes (8), and the height of the through holes (8) from the ground is distributed between 1.6 and 2.2 meters. The passenger elevator is also equipped with at least two stop pins (10) that are clearance-fitted with the through holes (8).
2. The counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the stop pin (10) is provided with a cap with a diameter larger than that of the through hole (8), and the other end of the stop pin (10) is provided with a chamfer.
3. The counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stop pin (10) is bent into a V shape, and both ends of the stop pin (10) are chamfered.
4. The counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the crossbeam (1) is inserted into the shaft wall.
5. The counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crossbeam (1) includes a left beam and a right beam. A first guide wheel (13) and a second guide wheel (14) are provided between the left beam and the right beam. A first adapter plate (15) and a second adapter plate (16) are provided between the first guide wheel (13) and the second guide wheel (14). A guide tube (17) is provided between the first adapter plate (15) and the second adapter plate (16). A spiral spring (18) is provided inside the guide tube (17). A piston (19) that cooperates with the guide tube (17) is provided at one end of the spring (18). The top of the car frame (2) is provided with a first movable pulley (4) and a second movable pulley (5). The end of the steel cable (7) passes through the first guide wheel (13), the first movable pulley (4), the second movable pulley (5), and the second guide wheel (14) in sequence, and is fixed to the piston (19) after passing through the first adapter plate (15) and the spring (18).
6. The counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first adapter plate (15) is provided with a through hole (20) that fits with the steel cable (7) with a clearance, and the second adapter plate (16) is provided with an exhaust hole (21) corresponding to the position of the guide tube (17). The diameter of the exhaust hole (21) is larger than the diameter of the piston (19).
7. The counterweight-free permanent magnet synchronous forced drive bottom-mounted passenger elevator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spring (18) is provided with at least one stop (22) fixed to the steel cable (7), and the diameter of the stop (22) is larger than the diameter of the through hole (20).