A heat-insulation ventilation composite structure of a highway subgrade in a plateau permafrost region

Abstract

This utility model discloses a heat-insulating and ventilated composite structure for roadbed in permafrost regions of plateau areas. It includes a permafrost foundation, with ventilation mechanisms installed inside each foundation for road cooling. These mechanisms include ventilation ducts laid on the upper surface of the permafrost foundation, each duct connected to a connecting pipe. Protective netting is installed at the ends of the ventilation ducts. By installing heat-conducting rods and heat-dissipating fins inside the ventilation and connecting pipes, heat from the precast concrete slab and its surroundings can be quickly transferred into the ventilation and connecting pipes. Furthermore, heat dissipation is rapid while the ventilation ducts are ventilating, reducing the impact of roadbed heat on the permafrost foundation. By installing concrete pillars inside the permafrost foundation and laying precast concrete slabs on top of these pillars, the load-bearing capacity is increased, preventing large vehicles from squeezing the roadbed and causing damage to the ventilation ducts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of frozen soil highway engineering technology, specifically a heat-insulating and ventilated composite structure for highway subgrade in plateau frozen soil areas. Background Technology

[0002] Permafrost refers to soil and rock containing ice and exhibiting negative temperatures. my country's permafrost area covers approximately 2.15 million square kilometers, accounting for about 22% of its land area, ranking third in the world. It is mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains in Northeast China, and the Tianshan and Altai Mountains. With the continuous acceleration of national economic construction, various transportation facilities, such as the Qinghai-Tibet Highway and the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, are being built in these special regions. However, due to the presence of ice and unfrozen water in the permafrost, and its extreme sensitivity to temperature, road construction and global warming can cause a rise in permafrost temperature, leading to thaw settlement of the roadbed and seriously endangering the stability of roads in permafrost regions. Therefore, maintaining the stability of roadbeds in permafrost regions and adopting appropriate technical measures to ensure proper roadbed construction is particularly important.

[0003] For example, the composite roadbed structure for cooling and heat insulation using ventilation pipes and ventilation blocks, disclosed in authorization announcement number CN205557223U, includes roadbed fill laid on the natural surface. The structure is characterized by: ventilation block layers stacked alternately in the roadbed fill; ventilation pipes communicating with the outside are laid at equal intervals along the vertical direction of the ventilation block layers, and automatic temperature-controlled dampers are installed at one or both ends of the ventilation pipes; and thermal insulation material is laid on top of the ventilation pipes.

[0004] This composite roadbed structure, featuring ventilation ducts and ventilation blocks for cooling and heat insulation, innovatively transforms the heat exchange process of the roadbed into a unidirectional heat exchange process during the cold season through its convective heat transfer structure. This significantly increases the power and cooling efficiency of the heat exchange layer, resulting in a marked improvement in the control effect of the project. While greatly enhancing the stability of permafrost roadbeds, it also effectively solves the challenges of constructing highways in permafrost areas, ensuring the long-term safety and stability of permafrost engineering projects.

[0005] As can be seen from the solutions disclosed in the existing patent documents, ventilation pipes that communicate with the outside are laid at equal intervals along the vertical roadbed at the top of the ventilation block layer. Because the ventilation pipes are laid inside the ventilation block layer, the ventilation pipes can only dissipate heat to the inside of the ventilation block layer from the end of the pipes, which reduces the heat dissipation effect. In addition, the ventilation block layer has a hollow structure design. When large vehicles drive on the road, they will crush the road paving material into the hollow structure inside the ventilation block layer, causing potholes on the road surface. The ventilation pipes will also be squeezed and easily damaged. Therefore, the existing technology needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat-insulating and ventilated composite structure for roadbeds in high-altitude permafrost regions, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a heat-insulating and ventilated composite structure for roadbed in plateau permafrost areas, comprising a permafrost foundation, wherein a ventilation mechanism is provided inside the permafrost foundation for road heat dissipation, the ventilation mechanism comprising ventilation ducts laid on the upper surface of the permafrost foundation, wherein connecting pipes are connected inside the ventilation ducts, and a protective net is provided at the end of the ventilation ducts;

[0008] The connecting pipes are all equipped with heat dissipation mechanisms inside, which are used to quickly introduce heat. The heat dissipation mechanism includes a heat-conducting rod installed inside the connecting pipe, and heat-dissipating fins are installed on the outer side of the heat-conducting rods. Heat dissipation holes are installed inside the heat-dissipating fins. The upper surface of the frozen soil foundation is covered with crushed stone.

[0009] A support mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the frozen soil foundation. The support mechanism is used to protect the ventilation duct from being squeezed and damaged. The support mechanism includes a concrete column installed inside the frozen soil foundation. A precast concrete slab is poured and connected to the upper end of the concrete column. A heat insulation layer is laid on the upper surface of the precast concrete slab. A roadbed is laid on the upper surface of the heat insulation layer.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting pipe is laid on the upper surface of the frozen soil foundation, a ventilation pipe is laid inside the crushed stone, and an automatic temperature-controlled damper is installed at the end of the ventilation pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a protective net is provided at the end of the connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is sleeved inside the crushed stone, and a heat-dissipating fin is sleeved inside the connecting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the crushed stone is fitted with a concrete column inside, and the upper surface of the ventilation duct is covered with a precast concrete slab.

[0013] Preferably, a precast concrete slab is laid on the upper end face of the connecting pipe, and a heat-conducting rod is sleeved inside the precast concrete slab.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] The thermal insulation and ventilation composite structure of the highway subgrade in the plateau permafrost region can quickly transfer the heat of the precast concrete slab and the area above it into the ventilation duct and the connecting duct by installing heat-conducting rods and heat-dissipating fins inside the ventilation duct and the connecting duct. It can also quickly dissipate heat while the ventilation duct is ventilating, thereby reducing the impact of the highway subgrade heat on the permafrost foundation.

[0016] By setting concrete pillars inside the frozen soil foundation and laying precast concrete slabs on top of the concrete pillars, the load-bearing capacity can be increased, preventing large vehicles above the roadbed from squeezing the roadbed and causing damage to the ventilation ducts. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an enlarged perspective view of the ventilation duct of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is an enlarged perspective view of the heat-conducting rod of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Frozen soil foundation, 11. Ventilation duct, 12. Connecting pipe, 13. Protective net, 14. Heat-conducting rod, 15. Heat-dissipating fin, 16. Heat dissipation hole, 17. Crushed stone, 2. Concrete stone column, 21. Precast concrete slab, 22. Insulation layer, 23. Highway subgrade. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-3 The diagram shows a heat insulation and ventilation composite structure for a highway subgrade in a plateau permafrost region, including a permafrost foundation 1. The permafrost foundation 1 is equipped with a ventilation mechanism inside. The ventilation mechanism is used for road heat dissipation. The ventilation mechanism includes ventilation ducts 11 laid on the upper surface of the permafrost foundation 1. The ventilation ducts 11 are connected to connecting pipes 12 inside. The ends of the ventilation ducts 11 are equipped with protective nets 13.

[0023] The interior of the connecting pipe 12 is equipped with a heat dissipation mechanism for rapid heat dissipation. The heat dissipation mechanism includes a heat-conducting rod 14 installed inside the connecting pipe 12, a heat-dissipating fin 15 installed on the outside of the heat-conducting rod 14, and heat dissipation holes 16 installed inside the heat-dissipating fin 15. The upper surface of the frozen soil foundation 1 is covered with crushed stone slag 17.

[0024] A support structure is provided on the upper surface of the frozen soil foundation 1. The support structure is used to protect the ventilation duct 11 from being squeezed and damaged. The support structure includes a concrete stone column 2 installed inside the frozen soil foundation 1. A precast concrete slab 21 is poured and connected to the upper end of the concrete stone column 2. A heat insulation layer 22 is laid on the upper surface of the precast concrete slab 21. A roadbed 23 is laid on the upper surface of the heat insulation layer 22.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-3 A connecting pipe 12 is laid on the upper surface of the frozen soil foundation 1, and a ventilation duct 11 is laid inside the crushed stone slag 17. An automatic temperature-controlled damper is installed at the end of the ventilation duct 11. The critical temperature value for opening and closing the automatic temperature-controlled damper is 0℃, and the temperature control range of the automatic temperature-controlled damper is -5℃ to 5℃. It can automatically open or close according to changes in ambient temperature and time. The damper closes when the temperature is higher than the control temperature and opens when the temperature is lower than the control temperature.

[0026] With this setup, by installing heat-conducting rods 14 and heat-dissipating fins 15 inside the ventilation duct 11 and connecting pipe 12, the heat from the precast concrete slab 21 and above it can be quickly introduced into the ventilation duct 11 and connecting pipe 12, and the heat can be quickly dissipated and expelled while the ventilation duct 11 is ventilated, thereby reducing the impact of the heat from the roadbed 23 on the frozen soil foundation 1.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-3 A protective net 13 is provided at the end of the connecting pipe 12, the connecting pipe 12 is sleeved inside the crushed stone slag 17, and a heat-dissipating fin 15 is sleeved inside the connecting pipe 12.

[0028] With this setup, the design of the heat sink 15 and the heat dissipation hole 16 increases the surface area to transfer heat from the heat source to the air, thereby achieving the purpose of heat dissipation and improving the ventilation and heat dissipation effect. The design of the protective net 13 can prevent animals from entering the ventilation duct 11 and affecting the normal ventilation of the ventilation duct 11.

[0029] Please see Figure 1-2 The interior of the crushed stone slag 17 is fitted with a concrete stone column 2, and the upper end of the ventilation duct 11 is covered with a precast concrete slab 21.

[0030] With this setup, by setting concrete pillars 2 inside the frozen soil foundation 1 and laying precast concrete slabs 21 on top of the concrete pillars 2, the load-bearing capacity can be increased, preventing large vehicles above the roadbed from squeezing the roadbed 23 and causing the ventilation duct 11 to be damaged by the squeeze.

[0031] Please see Figure 1-2 A precast concrete slab 21 is laid on the upper end of the connecting pipe 12, and a heat-conducting rod 14 is sleeved inside the precast concrete slab 21.

[0032] With this setup, the laying of precast concrete slabs 21 can ensure the flatness of the insulation layer 22 and the roadbed 23, preventing surface damage caused by long-term driving.

[0033] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: The heat insulation and ventilation composite structure of the highway subgrade in the plateau permafrost region can quickly introduce the heat of the precast concrete slab 21 and the area above it into the ventilation duct 11 and the connecting duct 12 by installing heat-conducting rods 14 and heat-dissipating fins 15 inside the ventilation duct 11 and the connecting duct 12, and quickly dissipate heat under ventilation conditions in the ventilation duct 11, thereby reducing the impact of the heat of the highway subgrade 23 on the permafrost foundation 1.

[0034] It is worth noting that the design of the heat sink 15 and the heat dissipation hole 16 increases the surface area to transfer heat from the heat source to the air, thereby achieving the purpose of heat dissipation and improving the ventilation and heat dissipation effect. The design of the protective net 13 can prevent animals from entering the ventilation duct 11 and affecting the normal ventilation of the ventilation duct 11.

[0035] By setting concrete stone pillars 2 inside the frozen soil foundation 1 and laying precast concrete slabs 21 on top of the concrete stone pillars 2, the load-bearing capacity can be increased, preventing large vehicles above the roadbed from squeezing the roadbed 23 and causing the ventilation duct 11 to be squeezed and damaged.

[0036] It is worth noting that the laying of precast concrete slabs 21 can ensure the flatness of the insulation layer 22 and the roadbed 23, and prevent surface damage caused by long-term driving.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thermal insulation and ventilation composite structure for highway subgrade in plateau permafrost regions, characterized in that: The system includes a frozen soil foundation (1), and the interior of the frozen soil foundation (1) is equipped with a ventilation mechanism for road heat dissipation. The ventilation mechanism includes ventilation pipes (11) laid on the upper surface of the frozen soil foundation (1). The interior of the ventilation pipes (11) is connected to connecting pipes (12), and the ends of the ventilation pipes (11) are equipped with protective nets (13). The connecting pipe (12) is equipped with a heat dissipation mechanism inside. The heat dissipation mechanism is used to quickly introduce heat dissipation. The heat dissipation mechanism includes a heat-conducting rod (14) inside the connecting pipe (12). A heat-dissipating fin (15) is provided on the outside of the heat-conducting rod (14). A heat dissipation hole (16) is provided inside the heat-dissipating fin (15). The upper surface of the frozen soil foundation (1) is covered with crushed stone (17). The upper surface of the frozen soil foundation (1) is provided with a support mechanism. The support mechanism is used to protect the ventilation duct (11) from being squeezed and damaged. The support mechanism includes a concrete stone column (2) installed inside the frozen soil foundation (1). A precast concrete slab (21) is poured and connected to the upper end of the concrete stone column (2). A heat insulation layer (22) is laid on the upper surface of the precast concrete slab (21). A roadbed (23) is laid on the upper surface of the heat insulation layer (22).

2. The thermal insulation and ventilation composite structure for highway subgrade in plateau permafrost regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (12) is laid on the upper surface of the frozen soil foundation (1), and a ventilation pipe (11) is laid inside the crushed stone (17). An automatic temperature-controlled damper is provided at the end of the ventilation pipe (11).

3. The thermal insulation and ventilation composite structure for highway subgrade in plateau permafrost regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the connecting pipe (12) is provided with a protective net (13), the inside of the crushed stone (17) is connected to the connecting pipe (12), and the inside of the connecting pipe (12) is connected to a heat-dissipating fin (15).

4. The thermal insulation and ventilation composite structure for highway subgrade in plateau permafrost areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushed stone (17) is fitted with a concrete stone column (2), and the upper end of the ventilation duct (11) is covered with a precast concrete slab (21).

5. The thermal insulation and ventilation composite structure for highway subgrade in plateau permafrost regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A precast concrete slab (21) is laid on the upper end of the connecting pipe (12), and a heat-conducting rod (14) is sleeved inside the precast concrete slab (21).

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