An environmental control system for an underground enclosed electrical chamber

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of underground chambers, specifically disclosing an environmental control system for an underground enclosed electrical chamber. The system includes a fireproof partition door and a sealed partition wall between the electrical chamber and the tunnel. The sealed partition wall has an air inlet channel at the bottom and an air outlet channel at the top. A cyclone separator and an axial flow fan are respectively located on the tunnel side near the sealed partition wall. The air outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the air inlet channel, and an electrostatic precipitator is installed inside the air inlet channel. The inlet of the axial flow fan is connected to the air outlet channel. This utility model provides air inlet and outlet channels at the top and bottom of the sealed partition wall. A cyclone separator is installed at the front end of the air inlet channel to remove large dust particles, and an electrostatic precipitator is connected in series at the rear end of the cyclone separator to adsorb small dust particles. Simultaneously, an axial flow fan is installed in the air outlet channel for forced ventilation, thereby ensuring a low-dust, temperature-appropriate environment within the electrical chamber. It features a simple structure, good dust prevention effect, energy saving, and automatic control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of underground chamber technology, specifically relating to an environmental control system for an underground enclosed electrical chamber that is simple in structure, has good dustproof effect, saves energy and reduces consumption, and can be automatically controlled. Background Technology

[0002] An electrical chamber is an underground chamber used to house electrical equipment. Because electrical chambers contain transformers, low-voltage switchgear, frequency converters, and other electrical equipment, these devices continuously generate heat during operation, requiring the chamber to constantly dissipate heat to maintain the required indoor temperature.

[0003] Currently, fire-resistant partition doors are mandatory in underground electrical chambers of non-ferrous metal mines. Therefore, when the air in the fresh air section and tunnels contains relatively little dust, the ventilation windows on the fire-resistant partition doors can be opened for heat dissipation. However, in the polluted air section and tunnels where the air contains a lot of dust, the ventilation windows on the fire-resistant partition doors cannot be opened directly for heat dissipation. This is because opening the ventilation windows would allow metal dust to enter the electrical chamber, and metal burrs can easily form on the underground distribution cabinets, causing phase-to-phase short circuits or circuit board short circuits. While closing the fire-resistant grille door can isolate polluted air carrying metal dust, it is not conducive to heat dissipation. If heat cannot dissipate in time, the temperature of the electrical chamber will rise until it exceeds the maximum temperature requirement of 40°C.

[0004] To address the heat dissipation problem in electrical chambers located in underground ventilated sections or tunnels where the air contains significant dust, the following methods are commonly used in existing technologies:

[0005] 1. Close the fireproof grille ventilation windows of the electrical chamber, and then install an air conditioner in the electrical chamber to lower the internal temperature.

[0006] 2. Close the fireproof grille ventilation window of the electrical chamber, then add an axial flow fan and matching air duct in the chamber for forced ventilation, and open an air inlet in the lower wall away from the axial flow fan. Install a filter screen in the air inlet to filter dust and prevent dust from entering the chamber, thereby forming a circulating air path to carry the heat generated in the chamber out.

[0007] While both of these solutions can maintain a suitable temperature in the chamber and effectively reduce dust in the electrical chamber, the air conditioning solution consumes more energy because the air inside the chamber can only circulate internally. On the other hand, the dust filtration solution requires timely filter replacement to ensure its effectiveness. However, since there are usually many electrical chambers underground, not only is the work of underground maintenance personnel replacing the filters labor-intensive, but the frequent replacement of filters also results in high operating costs. Furthermore, if the filters are not replaced in a timely or regular manner, dust can easily clog the filters, preventing air circulation from being completed, thus compromising reliability.

[0008] Therefore, how to effectively control the working environment of underground electrical chambers to ensure low dust, suitable temperature, energy saving, high reliability, and high degree of automation is one of the key issues that urgently need to be addressed to ensure the normal operation of underground electrical equipment. Utility Model Content

[0009] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides an environmental control system for a closed underground electrical chamber that is simple in structure, has good dustproof effect, saves energy and reduces consumption, and can be automatically controlled.

[0010] The underground enclosed electrical chamber environmental control system of this utility model is implemented as follows: it includes an electrical chamber and a roadway, and a fireproof partition door and a sealed partition wall are provided between the electrical chamber and the roadway. The bottom of the sealed partition wall is provided with an air inlet channel and the top is provided with an air outlet channel.

[0011] It also includes a cyclone separator, an electrostatic precipitator, and an axial flow fan. The cyclone separator and the axial flow fan are respectively installed on one side of the alley near the sealed partition wall. The air outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the air inlet channel. The electrostatic precipitator is installed in the air inlet channel. The inlet of the axial flow fan is connected to the air outlet channel.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide plate that slopes downwards from the electrical chamber side to the roadway side is fixedly installed at the bottom of the air intake channel. The lowest end of the guide plate extends into the roadway. The electrostatic dust removal net is installed above the guide plate. A dust collection box with an open top is installed at the lowest end of the guide plate inside the roadway.

[0013] Furthermore, the air outlet duct is also equipped with an air valve on the side near the electrical chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, dust sensors and temperature sensors are respectively installed on the top plate or side wall of the electrical chamber and / or the roadway. A control box with a built-in controller is also installed in the electrical chamber. The dust sensors and temperature sensors are electrically connected to the input terminal of the controller in the control box. The output terminal of the controller in the control box is electrically connected to the cyclone separator, the electrostatic precipitator, the axial flow fan and the air valve.

[0015] Furthermore, an audible and visual alarm is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sealed partition wall near the alleyway, and the audible and visual alarm is electrically connected to the output terminal of the controller in the control box.

[0016] Furthermore, a dehumidifier is also installed in the electrical chamber. The air inlet of the dehumidifier is connected to the air intake channel. The drain pipe of the dehumidifier passes through the sealed partition wall and extends into the tunnel. A humidity sensor is also installed in the electrical chamber. The humidity sensor is electrically connected to the input terminal of the controller in the control box. The dehumidifier is electrically connected to the output terminal of the controller in the control box.

[0017] Furthermore, an air duct is provided at the upper part of the electrical chamber, with one end connected to the air outlet channel and the other end extending away from the roadway.

[0018] Furthermore, the duct is positioned above the electrical equipment within the electrical chamber, with one end of the duct extending into at least half the depth of the electrical chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, the sidewall of the air duct is provided with several air inlet holes with a diameter much smaller than the diameter of the air inlet of the air duct at intervals along the length direction. The diameter of the air inlet holes on the air duct gradually increases from the side of the sealed partition wall to the side away from the alleyway, or the diameter is the same and the distribution gradually increases.

[0020] Furthermore, the air inlet is located at the top and / or upper side of the sidewall of the duct.

[0021] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. This utility model establishes an air handling system with a simple structure and excellent dust prevention effect by setting air inlet and outlet channels at the bottom and top of a sealed partition wall. The air inlet channel is equipped with a cyclone separator and an electrostatic precipitator, while the outlet channel is equipped with an axial flow fan to create forced air convection. The cyclone separator first removes large dust particles (>10µm), and an electrostatic precipitator is connected in series at the rear of the cyclone separator to adsorb the remaining small dust particles (1µm~10µm). In particular, the inclusion of a guide plate and dust collection box in conjunction with the electrostatic precipitator automatically collects the settled dust, effectively preventing metal dust from entering the electrical chamber and fundamentally avoiding the risk of short circuits caused by metal dust accumulating on electrical equipment (such as distribution cabinets) and forming burrs. The axial flow fan in the outlet channel ensures sufficient airflow, allowing heat to be carried away from the electrical chamber in a timely manner, maintaining a suitable temperature inside the electrical chamber.

[0023] 2. Compared with the solution of installing air conditioning in the electrical tunnel, this utility model can select a combination of natural ventilation and filtered ventilation according to the air quality in the tunnel to achieve air convection between the indoor and outdoor air of the electrical tunnel, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of ventilation and cooling. At the same time, the preliminary separation by the cyclone separator can effectively reduce the amount of dust entering the electrostatic precipitator. Moreover, the electrostatic precipitator is not as prone to being completely blocked by dust as traditional filters, which would interrupt the airflow and ensure the continuity and reliability of heat dissipation and ventilation. In addition, the electrostatic precipitator is equipped with a guide plate and a dust collection box to achieve automatic dust collection, avoiding the problems of high labor intensity, high operating costs and insufficient reliability caused by frequent filter replacement in dust filtration solutions.

[0024] 3. This utility model, by setting up dust sensors, temperature sensors, and even humidity sensors, can monitor the environmental parameters inside and outside the electrical chamber in real time and transmit the data to the controller in the control box. The controller can automatically control the start and stop of equipment such as cyclone separators, electrostatic dust collectors, axial flow fans, air valves, and dehumidifiers according to preset thresholds, realizing the automatic operation of the environmental control system, reducing the frequency of manual inspection and operation, thereby ensuring that the indoor environment of the electrical chamber is under control. In addition, by setting up an audible and visual alarm outside the chamber, an alarm can be issued when environmental parameters are abnormal so that staff can deal with it in time, improving the reliability and safety of the system.

[0025] 4. This utility model not only effectively solves the heat dissipation and dust prevention problems of electrical chambers, but also regulates the humidity inside the electrical chamber by installing a dehumidifier and humidity sensor, ensuring that the electrical equipment is in a suitable temperature and humidity environment. In particular, the special design of the air duct inside the electrical chamber makes the air flow inside the chamber more uniform, which can more efficiently and comprehensively remove the heat generated by the electrical equipment, further optimizing the working environment of the electrical chamber.

[0026] In summary, this utility model, by setting up a two-stage dust removal device in the air inlet channel and an axial flow fan in the air outlet channel, along with dust and temperature sensors and a controller, can achieve environmental control of the electrical chamber. The overall design features simple structure, good dust prevention effect, energy saving and consumption reduction, and automatic control. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Electrical chamber, 2-Sealed partition wall, 3-Roadway, 4-Air inlet duct, 5-Air outlet duct, 6-Cyclone separator, 7-Electrostatic dust collector, 8-Axial flow fan, 9-Guide plate, 10-Dust collection box, 11-Air valve, 12-Dust sensor, 13-Temperature sensor, 14-Control box, 15-Audible and visual alarm, 16-Dehumidifier, 17-Humidity sensor, 18-Air duct, 19-Air inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this does not limit the present invention in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the teachings of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the underground enclosed electrical chamber environmental control system of this utility model includes an electrical chamber 1 and a roadway 3. A fireproof partition door and a sealed partition wall 2 are provided between the electrical chamber 1 and the roadway 3. An air inlet channel 4 is provided at the bottom of the sealed partition wall 2 and an air outlet channel 5 is provided at the top.

[0032] It also includes a cyclone separator 6, an electrostatic precipitator 7, and an axial flow fan 8. The cyclone separator 6 and the axial flow fan 8 are respectively installed on one side of the alleyway 3 near the sealed partition wall 2. The air outlet of the cyclone separator 6 is connected to the air inlet channel 4. The electrostatic precipitator 7 is installed in the air inlet channel 4. The inlet of the axial flow fan 8 is connected to the air outlet channel 5.

[0033] The bottom end of the air inlet channel 4 is fixedly provided with a guide plate 9 that slopes downward from the electrical chamber 1 to the roadway 3. The lowest end of the guide plate 9 extends into the roadway 3. The electrostatic dust removal net 7 is provided above the guide plate 9. The roadway 3 is provided with a dust collection box 10 with an open top at the lowest end of the guide plate 9.

[0034] The guide plate 9 has an inclination angle of ≥5°, which can effectively guide the dust into the dust collection box 10. The capacity of the dust collection box 10 can be appropriately increased to reduce the frequency of cleaning.

[0035] The air outlet duct 5 is also equipped with an air valve 11 on the side near the electrical chamber 1.

[0036] Dust sensors 12 and temperature sensors 13 are respectively installed on the top plate or side wall of the electrical chamber 1 and / or the tunnel 3. The electrical chamber 1 is also equipped with a control box 14 with a built-in controller. The dust sensors 12 and temperature sensors 13 are electrically connected to the input terminal of the controller in the control box 14. The output terminal of the controller in the control box 14 is electrically connected to the cyclone separator 6, the electrostatic dust removal screen 7, the axial flow fan 8 and the air valve 11.

[0037] An audible and visual alarm 15 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sealed partition wall 2 near the alleyway 3. The audible and visual alarm 15 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the controller in the control box 14.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, a dehumidifier 16 is also installed in the electrical chamber 1. The air inlet of the dehumidifier 16 is connected to the air inlet channel 4. The drain pipe of the dehumidifier 16 passes through the sealed partition wall 2 and extends into the tunnel 3. A humidity sensor 17 is also installed in the electrical chamber 1. The humidity sensor 17 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the controller in the control box 14. The dehumidifier 16 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the controller in the control box 14.

[0039] The controller inside the control box 14 is a PLC or an industrial computer.

[0040] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, an air duct 18 is provided in the upper part of the electrical chamber 1, with one end connected to the air outlet 5 and the other end extending away from the side of the roadway 3.

[0041] The duct 18 is installed above the electrical equipment in the electrical chamber 1, and the end of the duct 18 away from the roadway 3 extends into at least 1 / 2 of the depth of the electrical chamber 1.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the sidewall of the air duct 18 is provided with a number of air inlets 19 with a diameter much smaller than the diameter of the air inlet of the air duct 18 at intervals along the length direction. The diameter of the air inlets 19 on the air duct 18 gradually increases from the side of the sealed partition wall 2 away from the side of the alleyway 3, or the diameter is the same and the distribution gradually increases.

[0043] The air inlet 19 is located at the top and / or upper side of the side wall of the air duct 18.

[0044] The working principle and process of this utility model:

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, during ventilation and cooling of the electrical chamber 1, dust-laden gas in the tunnel 3 enters the equipment through the tangential inlet of the cyclone separator 6, forming a high-speed rotating airflow (circular motion). At this time, the particles in the gas rotate along with the airflow due to inertial force. Since the density of particles is usually greater than that of gas, they are subjected to a stronger centrifugal force during rotation. The centrifugal force causes the particles to move towards the cylinder wall of the separator, and after colliding with the cylinder wall, they lose kinetic energy and slide down the wall to the dust collection hopper at the bottom. The gas in the central area has a smaller centrifugal force, forming an upward spiral airflow (inner vortex), which is finally discharged from the exhaust pipe at the top, completing the dust removal process. External polluted air can remove large particles of dust with a particle size >10µm after passing through the cyclone separator 6.

[0046] A plate-type electrostatic precipitator 7 is connected in series at the rear end of the cyclone separator 6, and the electrostatic precipitator 7 is embedded in the air inlet channel 4 of the electrical chamber 1. The electrostatic precipitator 7 contains a high-voltage electrode (usually a thin metal wire, also known as a corona electrode) and a grounding electrode (such as a metal plate, also known as a dust collecting electrode). A DC high voltage of tens of thousands of volts is applied between the two, forming a non-uniform electric field. Under the action of the high voltage, the air near the corona electrode is ionized, generating a large number of electrons, positive ions, and negative ions, forming a "corona discharge" phenomenon. In this process, negative ions move towards the grounded dust collection electrode, forming a corona current and creating a strong electric field region. When the dust-laden gas passes through the electric field, the dust particles collide with the ions generated in the corona region, thus acquiring a charge (mainly negative charge). The charged dust particles move towards the dust collection electrode (grounded electrode) under the action of the electric field force, release their charge after contacting the surface of the dust collection electrode, and are adsorbed, thus separating from the gas. The polluted air can adsorb small particles with a particle size of 1µm~10µm through the electrostatic dust removal net 7, and finally the dust falling from the electrostatic dust removal net 7 is guided into the dust collection box 10 by the guide plate 9 (tilt angle ≥5°) set below the electrostatic dust removal net 7.

[0047] Air in tunnel 3 passes through cyclone separator 6 and electrostatic dust collector 7 before entering electrical chamber 1. A dehumidifier 16 is installed in electrical chamber 1, with its inlet connected to air intake duct 4. Two axial flow fans 8 are installed on the top of tunnel 3 outside electrical chamber 1 and connected to air outlet duct 5. An electric air valve 11 is installed on the air outlet duct 5 at the top of the sealed partition wall 2; when the axial flow fans 8 are running, the electric air valve 11 opens simultaneously. Dust sensors 12, temperature sensors 13, and humidity sensors 17 are distributed and suspended in electrical chamber 1 and tunnel 3. A control box 14 with a built-in controller is mounted on the wall of electrical chamber 1. An audible and visual alarm 15 is installed in tunnel 3 outside electrical chamber 1 and connected to the controller in control box 14.

[0048] The environmental coordination mechanism control strategy (excluding humidity) in electrical chamber 1 is shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1. Environmental Coordination Mechanism Control Strategy in Electrical Chamber

[0050]

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An environmental control system for an underground enclosed electrical chamber, comprising an electrical chamber (1) and a roadway (3), wherein a fireproof partition door and a sealed partition wall (2) are provided between the electrical chamber (1) and the roadway (3), and an air inlet channel (4) is provided at the bottom of the sealed partition wall (2) and an air outlet channel (5) is provided at the top. Its features are: It also includes a cyclone separator (6), an electrostatic precipitator (7), and an axial flow fan (8). The cyclone separator (6) and the axial flow fan (8) are respectively located on one side of the alley (3) near the sealed partition wall (2). The air outlet of the cyclone separator (6) is connected to the air inlet channel (4). The electrostatic precipitator (7) is located in the air inlet channel (4). The inlet of the axial flow fan (8) is connected to the air outlet channel (5).

2. The environmental control system for the enclosed underground electrical chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the air inlet channel (4) is fixedly provided with a guide plate (9) that slopes downward from the electrical chamber (1) to the roadway (3). The lowest end of the guide plate (9) extends into the roadway (3). The electrostatic dust removal net (7) is set above the guide plate (9). Inside the roadway (3), a dust collection box (10) with an open top is provided at the lowest end of the guide plate (9).

3. The environmental control system for the underground enclosed electrical chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet duct (5) is also equipped with an air valve (11) on the side near the electrical chamber (1).

4. The environmental control system for the enclosed underground electrical chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: Dust sensors (12) and temperature sensors (13) are respectively installed on the top plate or side wall of the electrical chamber (1) and / or the roadway (3). A control box (14) with a built-in controller is also installed in the electrical chamber (1). The dust sensors (12) and temperature sensors (13) are electrically connected to the input terminal of the controller in the control box (14). The output terminal of the controller in the control box (14) is electrically connected to the cyclone separator (6), the electrostatic dust removal net (7), the axial flow fan (8), and the air valve (11).

5. The environmental control system for the enclosed underground electrical chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that: An audible and visual alarm (15) is fixedly installed on the outside of the sealed partition wall (2) near the alleyway (3), and the audible and visual alarm (15) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the controller in the control box (14).

6. The environmental control system for the underground enclosed electrical chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrical chamber (1) is also equipped with a dehumidifier (16). The air inlet of the dehumidifier (16) is connected to the air inlet channel (4). The drain pipe of the dehumidifier (16) passes through the sealed partition wall (2) and extends into the tunnel (3). The electrical chamber (1) is also equipped with a humidity sensor (17). The humidity sensor (17) is electrically connected to the input terminal of the controller in the control box (14). The dehumidifier (16) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the controller in the control box (14).

7. The environmental control system for a closed underground electrical chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The upper part of the electrical chamber (1) is provided with an air duct (18) that is connected to the air outlet channel (5) at one end and extends away from the roadway (3) at the other end.

8. The environmental control system for the underground enclosed electrical chamber according to claim 7, characterized in that: The duct (18) is located above the electrical equipment in the electrical chamber (1), and the end of the duct (18) away from the roadway (3) extends into at least 1 / 2 of the depth of the electrical chamber (1).

9. The environmental control system for the enclosed underground electrical chamber according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sidewall of the air duct (18) is provided with several air inlets (19) with a diameter much smaller than the diameter of the air inlet of the air duct (18) at intervals along the length direction. The air inlets (19) on the air duct (18) gradually increase in diameter from the side of the sealed partition wall (2) away from the roadway (3) or have the same diameter and gradually increase in distribution.

10. The environmental control system for a closed underground electrical chamber according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air inlet (19) is located at the top and / or upper side of the side wall of the air duct (18).

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