Novel dual sterilization and deodorization filter element

Abstract

This utility model discloses a novel dual-stage sterilization and deodorization filter element, comprising a pre-filter layer, an electrostatic filter layer, an antimicrobial peptide filter cloth layer, and a modified clinoptilolite layer. The electrostatic filter layer adsorbs and sterilizes particulate matter through a high-voltage electric field; the antimicrobial peptide filter cloth layer decomposes pollutants using natural materials; and the modified clinoptilolite layer loads active metal ions to achieve catalytic deodorization and antibacterial effects. Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this utility model are: through the synergistic effect of the physical sterilization of the electrostatic filter layer and the biochemical action of the antimicrobial peptide filter cloth layer and the modified clinoptilolite layer, a dual mechanism of "physical interception + biochemical decomposition" is achieved, with a total sterilization rate ≥99.9% and a comprehensive removal rate of pollutants such as formaldehyde and ammonia ≥90%. Furthermore, it is low-consumption, environmentally friendly, and has a compact structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air purification technology, and in particular to a novel dual sterilization and deodorization filter element, which is suitable for air purifiers, fresh air systems and other equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Existing air purifier filters have the following shortcomings:

[0003] Defects of sterilization technology: Traditional electrostatic sterilization, ozone sterilization and other technologies are prone to producing harmful byproducts (such as ozone), and the sterilization mechanism relies on continuous high pressure or chemical substances, which poses safety hazards.

[0004] Limitations of deodorization technologies: Activated carbon adsorption is easily saturated and needs to be replaced frequently, while technologies such as plasma deodorization are also accompanied by ozone pollution problems.

[0005] Inadequate structural design: Existing filter cartridges have poor multi-layer structure coordination, and in particular lack a graded treatment mechanism for fine particulate matter (such as PM2.5) and harmful gases. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a filter element that is free from ozone pollution, has a compact structure, and is highly efficient in sterilization and deodorization. It achieves multiple purifications of air through the synergistic effect of physical filtration and biochemical action.

[0007] The above-mentioned objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a novel dual sterilization and deodorization filter element, comprising a primary filter layer, an electrostatic filter layer, an antimicrobial peptide filter cloth layer and a modified clinoptilolite layer stacked in sequence.

[0008] The primary filter layer is made of nylon mesh woven from PP, PA or PE monofilaments with a mesh diameter of 0.1-1mm. It is used to intercept larger particles (≥10μm) such as hair, dust, and paper scraps, and to protect the subsequent filter layers from clogging.

[0009] The electrostatic filter layer includes a main electrode plate (positive electrode), a grounding electrode (negative electrode), and a dust collection plate. The distance between the main electrode plate and the grounding electrode is 5-10 mm, forming a 1×10⁻⁶ layer. 4 -3×10 4 A high-voltage electrostatic field of V / m is applied. The dust collection plate is a serrated or grid-shaped metal plate (such as an aluminum plate) with a conductive coating on its surface. It is used to adsorb charged particulate matter (such as PM2.5), while the high-voltage electric field breaks down the cell nucleus of microorganisms, thus achieving sterilization.

[0010] The antimicrobial peptide filter cloth layer is woven from silk protein modified fiber or chitosan fiber, with a fabric density of 80-120 g / m². 2 The fiber surface is loaded with antimicrobial peptide active sites (such as positively charged amino acid groups).

[0011] Functions: It physically adsorbs and traps fine particulate matter (≥0.3μm) such as PM10 and PM2.5, while antimicrobial peptides bind to microorganisms (such as bacteria and viruses) through charge adsorption, destroying their cell membrane structure to achieve disinfection; and it decomposes odor substances by neutralizing harmful gas molecules such as formaldehyde and ammonia with amino groups.

[0012] The modified clinoptilolite layer has the following structural characteristics: particle size of 2-5 mm or compressed into 3-5 mm thick flakes, and specific surface area ≥ 200 m². 2 / g, Ag load in the channel + or Cu 2+ Active metal ions.

[0013] Function: Adsorbs organic gases such as formaldehyde and TVOC, and catalyzes their oxidation reaction with trace amounts of ozone generated by the electrostatic field, decomposing them into CO2 and H2O. At the same time, the active metal ions in the pores kill microorganisms through contact reaction.

[0014] The activation and ion implantation mechanism of the modified clinoptilolite layer in this invention:

[0015] Activation modification principle: Clinoptilolite is a natural aluminosilicate mineral with numerous regular channels and exchange sites in its crystal structure. High-temperature calcination removes adsorbed moisture and organic impurities from the channels, expanding their volume. Then, acid leaching (e.g., hydrochloric acid) dissolves the amorphous silica-alumina oxides on the channel surface, exposing more active sites and simultaneously displacing alkali metal ions (e.g., Na+) from the channels. + This provides conditions for subsequent ion exchange.

[0016] Active metal ion implantation method: The liquid-phase ion exchange method is used, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0017] ① Place the activated clinoptilolite particles (particle size 2-5mm) into a 0.1-0.5mol / L silver nitrate (or copper sulfate) solution, with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 5:1 (mL / g);

[0018] ② Stir magnetically at room temperature for 24 hours to allow the Na in the zeolite channels to be released. + Cations and Ag in solution + (or Cu) 2 + An exchange reaction occurs;

[0019] ③ After filtration, wash three times with deionized water to remove residual metal salt solution from the surface;

[0020] ④ Dry at 105℃ for 4 hours to obtain Ag-loaded product. + (or Cu) 2+ Modified clinoptilolite.

[0021] Sterilization mechanism: active metal ions (such as Ag) + Cu 2+ Pathogens are killed through the following methods:

[0022] ① Contact reaction: Metal ions combine with negatively charged groups (such as phospholipids and proteins) on the surface of microbial cell membranes, disrupting the integrity of the membrane structure and causing leakage of cell contents;

[0023] ② Ion osmosis: Metal ions enter microbial cells, bind to nucleic acids (DNA / RNA) or enzyme proteins, interfere with their metabolic activities, and inhibit cell division and enzyme activity;

[0024] ③ Catalytic generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS): Ag + Cu 2+ It can catalyze the formation of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide anions (O2) from oxygen in the air. - It destroys the macromolecular structure of microorganisms through oxidation reactions.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0026] 1. Dual sterilization mechanism: Through the physical sterilization of the electrostatic filter layer and the biochemical action of the antimicrobial peptide filter cloth layer and the modified clinoptilolite layer, a dual mechanism of "physical interception + biochemical decomposition" is achieved, with a total sterilization rate of ≥99.9% and a comprehensive removal rate of pollutants such as formaldehyde and ammonia of ≥90%.

[0027] 2. Low consumption and environmental protection: Electrostatic filtration requires no consumables. Both antimicrobial peptides and zeolite are natural / mineral materials that can be recycled (zeolite is regenerated through high temperature), reducing secondary pollution.

[0028] 3. Compact structure: Four-layer integrated design with a total thickness of ≤50mm, suitable for various air purification devices. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrostatic filter layer in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] 1. Filter element assembly:

[0033] The primary filter layer 1 (nylon mesh), electrostatic filter layer 2 (electrode assembly), antibacterial peptide filter cloth layer 3, and modified clinoptilolite layer 4 (granular or flake-like) are stacked sequentially and fixed at the edges with a polypropylene frame by heat pressing to form a modular filter element (size: 300mm×200mm×40mm). The electrostatic filter layer 2 includes a main electrode plate (positive electrode), a ground electrode (negative electrode), and a dust collection plate 6. The distance between the main electrode plate and the ground electrode is 5-10mm, forming a 1×10 4 -3×10 4 A high-voltage electrostatic field of V / m.

[0034] The working principle of this utility model:

[0035] Air passes through four filter layers sequentially via fan 5;

[0036] Primary filter layer 1: traps particles ≥10μm;

[0037] Electrostatic filter layer 2: The high-voltage electric field charges the particulate matter and then it is adsorbed by the dust collection plate 6, while killing microorganisms (sterilization rate ≥95%).

[0038] Antimicrobial peptide filter cloth layer 3: adsorbs particles ≥0.3μm, and antimicrobial peptides disinfect residual microorganisms (sterilization rate ≥99%) and decompose harmful gases (such as formaldehyde removal rate ≥80%).

[0039] Modified clinoptilolite layer 4: adsorbs and catalytically decomposes residual organic gases (such as TVOC removal rate ≥90%), active metal ions inhibit microbial regeneration, and at the same time eliminates ozone generated by electrostatic field (ozone decomposition rate ≥95%).

[0040] 2. Preparation process of modified clinoptilolite layer:

[0041] (1) Activation treatment:

[0042] The clinoptilolite is calcined at 400±20℃ for 2-3 hours to remove impurities from the pores; then it is soaked in 5-8% hydrochloric acid solution for 2-4 hours to activate the metal ions in the pores.

[0043] (2) Ion implantation:

[0044] Using a liquid-phase ion exchange method, activated zeolite is immersed in a 0.1-0.5 mol / L silver nitrate or copper sulfate solution for 24 hours, thereby implanting Ag through ion exchange. + or Cu 2+ The loading content reaches 5-10% (based on zeolite mass).

[0045] (3) Sterilization mechanism:

[0046] Active metal ions kill pathogens by disrupting microbial cell membranes, interfering with metabolic enzyme activity, and catalyzing the generation of reactive oxygen species.

[0047] 3. Performance verification experiment of modified clinoptilolite:

[0048] Experiment 1: The effect of activation modification process on the specific surface area of ​​zeolite.

[0049] (1) Experimental objective: To verify the optimization effect of high-temperature calcination and acid leaching on the pore structure of clinoptilolite.

[0050] (2) Experimental steps:

[0051] ① Take three samples of natural clinoptilolite of the same mass (numbered A, B, and C);

[0052] ② Sample A was not treated, sample B was calcined at 400℃ for 2 hours, and sample C was calcined at 400℃ for 2 hours and then soaked in 5% hydrochloric acid for 3 hours.

[0053] ③ The specific surface area and pore volume of the samples were determined by nitrogen adsorption method (BET).

[0054] (3) Experimental results:

[0055] Sample Specific surface area (m 2 / g)]]> Pore volume (cm3 / g) 3 / g) A (natural zeolite) 85.2 0.12 B (calcination treatment) 158.6 0.25 C (calcination + acid leaching treatment) 223.4 0.38

[0056] (4) Conclusion: Calcination and acid leaching can significantly increase the specific surface area and pore volume of zeolite, and enhance its adsorption and ion exchange capacity.

[0057] Experiment 2: Determination of active metal ion loading.

[0058] (1) Experimental objective: To verify the effect of ion exchange on Ag + The load efficiency.

[0059] (2) Experimental steps:

[0060] ① Add 10g of activated clinoptilolite to 100mL of 0.1mol / L silver nitrate solution and treat it according to the ion exchange method described above;

[0061] ② After filtration, take the filtrate and determine the remaining Ag in the solution using atomic absorption spectrometry. + concentration.

[0062] (3) Calculation method:

[0063] Loading capacity (mg / g) = (initial Ag) + Concentration - Remaining Ag + Concentration) × Solution volume (L) ÷ Zeolite mass (g)

[0064] (4) Experimental results:

[0065] Initial Ag + Concentration: 10800 mg / L, remaining Ag+ Concentration: 540 mg / L, loading = (10800-540)×0.1÷10 = 102.6 mg / g (i.e., mass fraction 10.26%).

[0066] (5) Conclusion: This process can effectively remove Ag + The zeolite channels were implanted, and the load reached the expected target.

[0067] Experiment 3: Sterilization effect test.

[0068] (1) Experimental objective: To verify the bactericidal effect of modified clinoptilolite on Escherichia coli.

[0069] (2) Experimental steps:

[0070] ①Preparation of a product containing 1×10 6 CFU / mL Escherichia coli bacterial suspension;

[0071] ② Take 5g of load Ag + The modified clinoptilolite was added to 100 mL of bacterial suspension and cultured with shaking at 37 °C for 2 hours.

[0072] ③ Take 1 mL of bacterial suspension and perform serial dilution, spread it on LB medium, and count the number of colonies after 24 hours of incubation.

[0073] (3) Control group: bacterial suspension without zeolite (colony count = 1 × 10⁻⁶) 6 (CFU / mL)

[0074] (4) Experimental results:

[0075] Treatment group colony count = 3 × 10 3 CFU / mL, sterilization rate = (1×10) 6 -3×10 3 ) / 1×10 6 ×100% = 99.7%.

[0076] (5) Conclusion: The bactericidal rate of modified clinoptilolite against Escherichia coli is ≥99.7%, proving that active metal ions have a significant antibacterial effect.

[0077] Experiment 4: Formaldehyde decomposition efficiency test.

[0078] (1) Experimental objective: To verify the catalytic decomposition ability of modified clinoptilolite on harmful gases.

[0079] (2) Experimental steps:

[0080] ① Inject 10ppm of formaldehyde gas into a 10L sealed chamber;

[0081] ② Add 200g of load Ag +Modified clinoptilolite, while simultaneously activating the electrostatic filter layer (simulating the actual working environment);

[0082] ③ The formaldehyde concentration in the cabin was checked every 30 minutes for 2 hours.

[0083] (3) Experimental results:

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] (4) Conclusion: Modified clinoptilolite achieved a formaldehyde removal rate of ≥99% under the synergistic effect of an electrostatic field, proving its effectiveness in catalytically decomposing harmful gases.

[0087] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel dual-sterilization and deodorization filter element, characterized in that: It includes a primary filter layer, an electrostatic filter layer, an antimicrobial peptide filter cloth layer, and a modified clinoptilolite layer stacked in sequence.

2. The novel dual-sterilization and deodorization filter element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary filter layer is made of nylon mesh woven from PP, PA or PE monofilaments, with a mesh diameter of 0.1-1mm.

3. The novel dual-sterilization and deodorization filter element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrostatic filter layer includes a main electrode plate, a grounding electrode, and a dust collection plate. The main electrode plate and the grounding electrode are spaced 5-10 mm apart, forming a 1×102 4 -3×10 4 A high-voltage electrostatic field of V / m.

4. The novel dual-sterilization and deodorization filter element according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dust collection plate is a sawtooth or grid-shaped metal plate with a conductive coating on its surface.

5. The novel dual-sterilization and deodorization filter element according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust collection plate is made of aluminum.

6. The novel dual-sterilization and deodorization filter element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antimicrobial peptide filter cloth layer is woven from silk protein modified fiber or chitosan fiber, with a cloth density of 80-120 g / m².

7. The novel dual-sterilization and deodorization filter element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified clinoptilolite layer has a particle size of 2-5 mm or is pressed into 3-5 mm thick flakes, with a specific surface area ≥200 m² / g, and is loaded with Ag⁺ or Cu²⁺ in the pores.

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