Rich oil waste treatment system
By combining a low-temperature dehydration and a medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit with a denitrification unit, oil-rich waste and low-rank coal are processed, solving the problem of unusable oil sludge and heavy oil residue, and achieving quality improvement and energy conservation of low-rank coal.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHONGQING FURAN TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing environmental protection technologies cannot effectively utilize the heavy oil in oil sludge and residue, making it impossible to mix them with low-rank coal to improve coal quality, and also resulting in high energy consumption.
Low-temperature dehydration and medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation units are used to process oil-rich waste and low-rank coal. Combined with denitrification and flue gas recycling, dehydration and volatile matter separation are achieved to form oil-rich coal.
By recycling flue gas, energy consumption can be reduced, the quality of low-rank coal can be improved, and oil-rich waste can be converted into high-value oil-rich coal, thereby achieving resource reuse and improved economic benefits.
Smart Images
Figure CN224337516U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil sludge and residue treatment technology, and in particular to an oil-rich waste treatment system. Background Technology
[0002] Oil sludge is generated during crude oil extraction, accumulation at the bottom of oil storage tanks, oxidation of lubricating oil in mechanical equipment, long-term recycling of cutting fluids and rolling fluids, mixing of leaked fuel oil and lubricating oil with seawater and rust in ship engine rooms, and cleaning of oil tanks. Oil residue is generated during crude oil transportation, crude oil distillation, and some catalytic cracking / hydrogenation processes. These wastes, including oil sludge and oil residue, contain heavy oil and cannot be directly discharged or arbitrarily discarded. They require environmental protection equipment for treatment. Current environmental treatment methods typically involve pyrolysis of oil sludge and oil residue, which cannot be mixed with low-rank coal to improve its quality. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an oil-rich waste treatment system that can utilize oil-rich waste to improve the quality of low-rank coal.
[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides an oil-rich waste treatment system. The system includes a low-temperature dehydration device for dehydrating oil-rich waste and low-rank coal, and a medium-temperature anaerobic retorting device for dry distilling the dehydrated oil-rich waste and low-rank coal. The low-temperature dehydration device is connected to a denitrification device for denitrifying flue gas. The denitrification device denitrates the flue gas and then sends it to the low-temperature dehydration device. The low-temperature dehydration device uses the denitrified flue gas to dehydrate the oil-rich waste and low-rank coal.
[0005] Furthermore, the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus is connected to a medium-temperature temperature regulating device. The flue gas discharged from the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus is sent to the medium-temperature temperature regulating device for heating. The heated flue gas is partially returned to the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus, which facilitates flue gas recycling, reduces flue gas consumption, and saves energy.
[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling device for receiving the flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device and removing moisture from the flue gas. The cooling device is connected to the low-temperature dehydration device. The medium-temperature regulating device and the cooling device are both connected to the denitrification device. The flue gas cooled by the cooling device and the flue gas heated by the medium-temperature regulating device are simultaneously sent into the denitrification device. The denitrification device is connected to the low-temperature dehydration device. The flue gas after denitrification by the denitrification device is sent into the low-temperature dehydration device, which facilitates flue gas recycling, reduces flue gas consumption, and saves energy.
[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling device for receiving the flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device and removing moisture from the flue gas, and a low-temperature temperature regulating device for increasing the flue gas temperature and connecting it to the denitrification device and the cooling device. The flue gas cooled by the cooling device is sent to the low-temperature temperature regulating device to increase the temperature. After the flue gas temperature is increased, it is sent to the denitrification device for denitrification, which facilitates the recycling of flue gas, reduces flue gas consumption, and saves energy.
[0008] Furthermore, the low-temperature dehydration device has a low-temperature flue gas outlet and a low-temperature flue gas inlet, the denitrification device is connected to the low-temperature flue gas inlet, and the low-temperature flue gas outlet is connected to the cooling device.
[0009] Furthermore, the cooling device is also connected to a medium-temperature regulating device. Part of the flue gas cooled by the cooling device is sent to the medium-temperature regulating device to replenish the flue gas, ensuring that the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device has enough flue gas for dry distillation.
[0010] Furthermore, the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus has a medium-temperature flue gas outlet and a medium-temperature flue gas inlet, and the medium-temperature temperature regulating device is connected to the medium-temperature flue gas outlet and the medium-temperature flue gas inlet respectively through pipelines.
[0011] Furthermore, the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit also has a raw coal gas outlet, which is connected to an oil-cooled drum device for removing coal tar from the raw coal gas, and the oil-cooled drum device is connected to a purification device for purifying impurities in the raw coal gas.
[0012] Furthermore, the purification device is connected to the medium-temperature temperature regulating device to supply fuel to the medium-temperature temperature regulating device.
[0013] Furthermore, the purification device is connected to the low-temperature temperature regulating device to supply fuel to the low-temperature temperature regulating device.
[0014] This utility model's oil-rich waste treatment system utilizes a low-temperature dehydration device to dehydrate oil-rich waste and low-rank coal, and a medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device to perform anaerobic dry distillation on oil-rich waste and low-rank coal, extracting volatiles. It can not only dispose of oil-rich waste, but also combine oil-rich waste with low-rank coal to convert it into oil-rich coal, thus realizing the conversion of low-rank coal into high-quality coal. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the oil-rich waste treatment system of this utility model.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the oil-rich waste treatment system of this utility model.
[0017] The meanings of the labels in the attached diagram are as follows:
[0018] 1. Low-temperature dehydration device; 2. Medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device; 3. Cooling device; 4. Denitrification device; 5. Medium-temperature temperature regulating device; 6. Low-temperature temperature regulating device; 7. Cooling drum device; 8. Purification device. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020] Example 1
[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the oil-rich waste treatment system of this utility model includes a low-temperature dehydration device 1 and a medium-temperature anaerobic distillation device 2. The low-temperature dehydration device 1 is used to heat the oil-rich waste and low-rank coal. Specifically, the oil-rich waste is generally oil sludge, oil residue, or a mixture of both. The low-temperature dehydration device 1 heats the low-rank coal and oil-rich waste by directly contacting the flue gas with the waste to achieve dehydration; it should be understood that the flue gas can also indirectly contact the waste. The medium-temperature anaerobic distillation device 2 is used to perform low-temperature distillation on the dehydrated low-rank coal and oil-rich waste to precipitate the volatiles from the waste, i.e., to discharge raw coal gas.
[0022] The medium-temperature anaerobic distillation unit 2 has a medium-temperature flue gas outlet, a medium-temperature flue gas inlet, and a raw coal gas outlet. Flue gas enters the unit through the medium-temperature flue gas inlet. The unit removes volatiles by indirectly contacting the flue gas with low-rank coal and oil-rich waste. After heating the coal, the flue gas exits through the medium-temperature flue gas outlet. Indirect contact heating typically employs heat exchange devices such as heat exchange tubes. The unit typically uses a furnace with an internal heat exchanger. The unit is connected to a medium-temperature temperature regulating device 5, which is connected to the medium-temperature flue gas outlet via a pipe. This device feeds the flue gas into the unit to regulate its temperature, raising it to 700°C to meet the requirements of the unit. The unit is also connected to the medium-temperature flue gas inlet, ensuring that the required flue gas is fed into the unit. The flue gas discharged from the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit 2 is then returned to the unit via the medium-temperature temperature regulating device 5, thus recycling the flue gas, reducing its consumption, and consequently reducing energy consumption to produce the flue gas, thereby saving energy. The medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit 2 is also connected to a cooling drum device 7, which is connected to the raw coal gas outlet via a pipeline. The raw coal gas produced by the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit 2 is fed into the cooling drum device 7, which removes coal tar from the raw coal gas. The cooling drum device 7 is connected to the purification device 8, which purifies the raw coal gas to obtain hydrogen-rich coal gas. The purification device 8 is also connected to the medium-temperature temperature regulating device 5 via a pipeline, thus providing the medium-temperature temperature regulating device 5 with hydrogen-rich coal gas for use as fuel. The cooling drum device 7 and the purification device 8 are existing equipment, and their principles and structures will not be described in detail here.
[0023] The low-temperature dehydration device 1 has a low-temperature flue gas outlet and a low-temperature flue gas inlet. The flue gas used for heating enters the device through the low-temperature flue gas inlet. After heating the low-rank coal and oil-rich waste, the flue gas is discharged from the low-temperature flue gas outlet. The low-temperature dehydration device 1 is typically a furnace. Since the low-temperature dehydration device 1 is used for dehydrating low-rank coal and oil-rich waste, the flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device 1 contains a large amount of moisture. The low-temperature dehydration device 1 is also connected to a cooling device 3. The cooling device 3 is connected to the low-temperature dehydration device 1 via a pipe, facilitating the introduction of flue gas into the cooling device 3. A portion of the flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device 1 is sent to the cooling device 3, while the remaining excess flue gas is discharged for environmental treatment. The cooling device 3 is used to remove moisture from the flue gas. After the flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device 1 is cooled by the cooling device 3, its temperature decreases, and the moisture in the flue gas is condensed and precipitated, increasing the dryness of the flue gas and facilitating reuse. The cooling device 3 typically uses a spray system; the condensed water is cooled and supplied to the cooling device 3, while excess water can be used by other equipment. The cooling device 3 is connected to the medium-temperature regulating device 5, which is connected to the denitrification device 4 via a pipeline. A portion of the high-temperature flue gas heated by the medium-temperature regulating device 5 is mixed with the flue gas from the cooling device 3 to form flue gas at 300°C, which is then fed into the denitrification device 4. The denitrification device 4 is used to denitrify the flue gas. Since flue gas denitrification requires a certain temperature, and the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device 1 does not meet the temperature requirements of the denitrification device 4, denitrification is performed before the flue gas enters the low-temperature dehydration device 1. This effectively avoids the step of reheating the flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device 1 for denitrification, thus reducing energy consumption. Simultaneously, the denitrification device 4 can also mix the cooled and heated flue gas evenly, ensuring uniform flue gas temperature and preventing nitrogen oxides in the flue gas from combining with low-rank coal. The denitrified flue gas at 270°C is then sent to the low-temperature dehydration device 1 for dehydration. The flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device 1 is then returned to the low-temperature dehydration device 1 via the cooling device 3 and the denitrification device 4, thus recycling the flue gas, reducing the amount of flue gas used, and consequently reducing energy consumption to generate the flue gas, thereby saving energy. Both the medium-temperature anaerobic distillation device 2 and the denitrification device 4 are connected to the medium-temperature temperature control device 5, which reduces the number of devices and lowers costs. Only a small amount of high-temperature flue gas needs to be mixed with the flue gas cooled by the cooling device 3 to reach the temperature required by the denitrification device 4, reducing the consumption of hydrogen-rich coal gas required for combustion in the temperature control device and saving energy. The cooling device 3 is also connected to the medium-temperature temperature control device 5 to send flue gas into the medium-temperature temperature control device 5, thereby supplementing the flue gas recycled by the medium-temperature anaerobic distillation device 2.
[0024] Low-temperature dehydration device 1 is used to dehydrate low-rank coal and oil-rich waste, and medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 2 is used to remove volatiles from low-rank coal and oil-rich waste, thereby obtaining oil-rich coal and improving the quality of low-rank coal. This allows for the reuse of oil-rich waste and the conversion of hazardous waste into high-value items. The flue gas recycling reduces flue gas consumption, thereby reducing coal gas consumption, saving energy and reducing emissions. At the same time, it can also generate a large amount of coal tar by-products, improving economic efficiency.
[0025] Example 2
[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the cooling device 3 is connected to the denitrification device 4 through a low-temperature temperature regulating device, and the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation and medium-temperature temperature regulating device 5 use the low-temperature temperature regulating device 6 to heat the flue gas circulating in the low-temperature dehydration device 1, while the medium-temperature temperature regulating device 5 only heats the flue gas of the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 2.
[0027] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of this utility model specification and drawings, whether directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall also be within the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A system for treating oily waste, characterized in that: It includes a low-temperature dehydration device for dehydrating oil-rich waste and low-rank coal, and a medium-temperature anaerobic retorting device for dry distilling the dehydrated oil-rich waste and low-rank coal. The low-temperature dehydration device is connected to a denitrification device for denitrifying flue gas. The denitrification device sends the denitrified flue gas into the low-temperature dehydration device, and the low-temperature dehydration device uses the denitrified flue gas to dehydrate the oil-rich waste and low-rank coal.
2. The oil-rich waste treatment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus is connected to a medium-temperature temperature regulating device. The flue gas discharged from the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus is sent to the medium-temperature temperature regulating device for heating, and part of the heated flue gas is sent back to the medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus.
3. The oil-rich waste treatment system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling device for receiving the flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device and removing moisture from the flue gas. The cooling device is connected to the low-temperature dehydration device. The medium-temperature regulating device and the cooling device are both connected to the denitrification device. The flue gas cooled by the cooling device and the flue gas heated by the medium-temperature regulating device are simultaneously sent to the denitrification device. The denitrification device is connected to the low-temperature dehydration device. The flue gas denitrified by the denitrification device is sent to the low-temperature dehydration device.
4. The oil-rich waste treatment system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling device for receiving flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device and removing moisture from the flue gas, and a low-temperature temperature regulating device for increasing the flue gas temperature and connecting it to the denitrification device and the cooling device. The flue gas cooled by the cooling device is sent to the low-temperature temperature regulating device to increase the temperature, and after the flue gas temperature is increased, it is sent to the denitrification device for denitrification.
5. The oil-rich waste treatment system as described in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The low-temperature dehydration device has a low-temperature flue gas outlet and a low-temperature flue gas inlet. The denitrification device is connected to the low-temperature flue gas inlet, and the low-temperature flue gas outlet is connected to the cooling device.
6. The oil-rich waste treatment system as described in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The cooling device is also connected to a medium-temperature regulating device, and a portion of the flue gas cooled by the cooling device is sent to the medium-temperature regulating device to replenish the flue gas.
7. The oil-rich waste treatment system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus has a medium-temperature flue gas outlet and a medium-temperature flue gas inlet, and the medium-temperature temperature regulating device is connected to the medium-temperature flue gas outlet and the medium-temperature flue gas inlet respectively through pipelines.
8. The oil-rich waste treatment system as described in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The medium-temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit also has a raw coal gas outlet, which is connected to an oil cooling drum device for removing coal char from the raw coal gas, and the cooling drum device is connected to a purification device for purifying impurities in the raw coal gas.
9. The oil-rich waste treatment system as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The purification device is connected to the medium-temperature temperature regulating device.
10. The oil-rich waste treatment system as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The purification device is connected to the low-temperature temperature control device.