Soil coring auger lifting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of soil collection soil drill lifting devices, belong to soil sampling equipment technical field, for solving the problem that traditional manual extraction soil drill operation is laborious and easily disturbs soil sample. The device is mainly composed of triangular support, chain hoist and soil drill structure. Triangular support includes connecting structure and three metal foot poles, and the top of three metal foot poles is connected with connecting structure by bolt to constitute stable support;Chain hoist is hung below the connecting structure, provides mechanical lifting force;Soil drill structure bottom end detachably installs soil drill head, and the hook of chain hoist of soil drill structure adopts detachable connection mode. When using, triangular support is fixed on sampling point ground, and soil drill is inserted into soil layer, and labor-saving lifting is realized by chain hoist chain operation after soil drill. The device is suitable for sample collection operation of farmland deep soil or high compactness soil layer, and can effectively reduce human consumption and keep soil original structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of soil sampling equipment, specifically relating to a soil sampling drill lifting device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of farmland soil sampling, especially in the collection of samples from deep soil or highly compacted soil layers, the lifting of the soil auger has long been a significant technical challenge. Traditional manual extraction methods rely on the operator directly pulling the auger handle. When the auger penetrates more than 1 meter into the soil or encounters clay or gravel layers, the frictional resistance and negative pressure adsorption of the soil against the auger wall increase dramatically. According to actual measurement data, the resistance to be overcome when extracting a 1.5-meter-deep auger fully loaded with soil can reach over 800 N, equivalent to a single person carrying more than 80 kilograms. This not only leads to low work efficiency (a single sampling takes more than 30 minutes) but also easily causes muscle strains or lumbar spine injuries to the operator. More seriously, during continuous exertion, the auger may suddenly loosen due to exhaustion, causing sample collapse and stratification confusion, directly affecting the accuracy of soil physicochemical property analysis.

[0003] To reduce the burden on manpower, some simple auxiliary devices have been introduced, but they have significant limitations. For example, patent CN209689961U describes a modular soil drill structure, the core of which lies in the replaceability of the drill bit and the sealing design of the sampling rod, but it does not solve the problem of mechanical assistance during the lifting process. While using cranes or hydraulic lifting devices can provide sufficient lifting force, they are bulky, have high transportation costs (requiring special vehicles for transport), and are difficult to deploy in rugged terrain or narrow plots. More importantly, the instantaneous tensile force applied by such devices is too large (often exceeding 2 kN), which can easily cause the soil drill to shake violently, leading to the destruction of the original soil sample structure.

[0004] The inadequacy of the connection structure further exacerbates the aforementioned problems. Common wire rope binding or hook connection methods have two major drawbacks: first, the wire rope lacks an effective anchor point at the top of the soil drill, and simple winding alone makes it prone to slippage under stress (the slippage rate is approximately 7% in industry tests); second, the rigid connection between the traditional hook and the soil drill cannot buffer the initial impact force during lifting, causing the soil drill to "jump out." This unstable trajectory widens the gap between the drill wall and the soil, exacerbating sample edge collapse. Especially when the soil drill has a detachable drill bit (such as the threaded connection drill bit in patent CN209689961U), the impact force may also cause the drill bit to loosen, resulting in sample loss. Furthermore, the winding direction of the wire rope in existing devices lacks a standardized design; knots formed after multiple turns may cause the soil drill to deflect due to torque imbalance, further increasing the risk of soil disturbance.

[0005] The geological complexity of deep soil sampling also increases the technical difficulty. In soft basement with high water content (such as in lacustrine sedimentary areas), the soil around the soil drill is prone to rheological changes, forming a vacuum adsorption effect; while in hard clay layers, the clamping force generated by soil shrinkage significantly increases frictional resistance. These geological characteristics require the lifting device to have both continuous and stable force application characteristics and fine-tuning control capabilities. However, conventional mechanical devices (such as winches) are difficult to achieve low-speed uniform lifting (ideally 5-10 cm / s) and lack adaptive adjustment mechanisms for sudden resistance. For example, when the soil drill encounters gravel and gets stuck, continuous hard pulling may cause the support to overturn or the connecting parts to break, while interrupting the operation and repositioning will prolong the sampling cycle and increase the risk of sample exposure.

[0006] In summary, the field of soil sampling urgently needs a soil drill lifting assistance scheme that takes into account lifting force control, connection stability, and terrain adaptability to overcome the limitations of manpower, sample disturbance, and operational safety risks in deep sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One object of this invention is to solve at least the problems described above and to provide at least the advantages that will be explained later.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide a soil sampling drill lifting device that can solve the problems of laborious manual drill lifting and easy disturbance of soil samples.

[0009] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of this invention, a soil sampling and drilling device is provided, comprising:

[0010] A triangular bracket, comprising a connecting structure and three metal legs, the tops of which are connected to the connecting structure by bolts to form a triangular bracket;

[0011] A hand-operated chain hoist, which is suspended below the connecting structure;

[0012] The soil drill structure has a soil sampling drill bit that can be detachably installed at its bottom end, and the soil drill structure can be detachably connected to the hook of the hand chain hoist.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the metal leg is provided with a square metal pad, which forms a support surface in contact with the ground.

[0014] Preferably, two cylindrical steel bars are vertically welded to both sides of the soil drill structure. One end of the wire rope passes through the hook, and the other end is wrapped around the cylindrical steel bars of the soil drill structure 3-5 times and then locked with a rope clamp to detachably connect the soil drill structure to the hand chain hoist.

[0015] Preferably, the soil sampling drill bit is detachably connected to the bottom end of the soil drill structure via a threaded connection or a pin insertion.

[0016] Preferably, the starting end of the wire rope passes through the curved section of the hand-operated hoist hook; after passing through, the wire rope folds back towards the main section of the wire rope, so that the folded-back section is parallel and close to the main section of the wire rope; in the area where the folded-back section and the main section of the wire rope are close together, at least two U-shaped rope clamps are installed to clamp and fix the folded-back end to the main section of the wire rope.

[0017] The free end of the wire rope is wrapped with a cylindrical steel bar, specifically:

[0018] a) The free end of the wire rope is wound from the back of the first reinforcing bar to the front, and then wrapped counterclockwise 2-3 times.

[0019] b) Pull diagonally to the front of the second rebar, then wrap it around to the back, clockwise 2-3 times;

[0020] c) Fold the end back to the winding section and use a rope clamp to lock the end to the stressed section of the wire rope.

[0021] Preferably, the axes of the two reinforcing bars are on the same horizontal plane and the distance between them is 15-25 cm.

[0022] Preferably, a U-shaped constraint ring is fixed at the center of the top of the soil drill structure, with the ring opening pointing vertically upward and the inner diameter being 1-2 mm larger than the diameter of the wire rope; the straight section of the wire rope from the hook to the first reinforcing bar passes through the constraint ring and then wraps around the cylindrical reinforcing bar.

[0023] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] First, the combination structure of the triangular support and the hand-operated hoist in this utility model solves the problem of physical burden in traditional manual drilling by reconstructing the mechanical transmission path. The metal legs and square metal pads form a stable support system, converting soil resistance into ground reaction force; the hand-operated hoist uses a gear-based force-saving mechanism, allowing the operator to lift the heavily resisted, fully loaded soil drill with only a small pulling force, reducing labor consumption to a lower level than traditional methods.

[0025] Secondly, the figure-eight winding path of the steel wire rope in this utility model forms a self-locking couple by alternating counterclockwise and clockwise winding, which counteracts the lifting torque and avoids sample shearing damage caused by the rotation of the soil drill; the axial guidance of the constraint ring can force the lifting force through the soil drill axis, eliminating the interlayer slippage of the sample caused by eccentric tension.

[0026] Third, this utility model uses uniform lifting control, that is, the manual operation speed of the hand-operated hoist is 0.1-0.3m / s, which is lower than the critical speed of soil rheology, to prevent the adsorption vacuum effect from damaging the original structure.

[0027] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of one technical solution of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular support structure;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the tripod support from another angle;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hand chain hoist;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a soil drill.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a soil drill structure with a constraint ring.

[0034] 1. Bolts; 2. Connecting structure; 3. Metal legs; 4. Metal pads; 5. Hand chain hoist; 6. Wire rope; 7. Hand chain; 8. Lifting chain; 9. Hook; 10. Scale rod; 11. Cylindrical steel bar; 12. Soil drill bit; 13. Restraint ring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0036] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0037] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the reagents and materials described are commercially available. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connection or setting, detachable connection or setting, or integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. The terms "lateral," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0038] like Figure 1-6 As shown, this utility model provides a soil sampling drill lifting device, which includes:

[0039] A triangular bracket includes a connecting structure 2 and three metal legs 3. The tops of the three metal legs 3 are connected to the connecting structure 2 by bolts 1 to form a triangular bracket.

[0040] The chain hoist 5 is suspended below the connecting structure 2;

[0041] The soil drill structure has a soil drill bit 12 detachably installed at its bottom end, and the soil drill structure is detachably connected to the hook 9 of the hand chain hoist 5.

[0042] The triangular support consists of a connecting structure 2 and three metal legs 3. The length of the metal legs 3 can be 1.0 meter, 1.2 meter, or 1.5 meter, preferably 1.2 meters. The material can be aluminum alloy square tubing (30×30 mm cross-section) or galvanized steel pipe (2.5 mm wall thickness). The connecting structure 2 can be a 10 mm thick steel plate (150×150 mm) with a central hole, connected to the top of the legs by M12 bolts 1. The tightening torque of the bolts 1 should be controlled within the range of 50-70 N·m, using a standard torque wrench. A 90×90×5 mm Q235 steel plate can be welded to the bottom of the legs as a grounding pad. During assembly, the tops of the three legs converge at the connecting plate, and the bottoms are distributed in an equilateral triangle (side length 1.2-1.8 m), ensuring the central axis of the support is perpendicular to the ground.

[0043] The hand chain hoist 5 can be an HSZ-C type hand chain hoist with a rated load of 0.8 tons, 1 ton, or 1.2 tons, preferably a 1-ton hand chain hoist. Its upper hook 9 is directly suspended from the center lifting hole (20 mm diameter) of the triangular bracket connecting plate. The lower hook 9 is equipped with a self-locking safety latch to prevent the risk of disengagement. The working process includes: the operator pulls the hand chain 7, which drives the lifting chain 8 to rise and fall through the gear set transmission. The chain lifting speed is approximately 0.15-0.25 m / s. The overall height of the hoist does not exceed 600 mm to ensure effective lifting space under the bracket.

[0044] The main body of the soil drill can be made of seamless No. 45 steel pipe with an outer diameter of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm. The drill bit length is 0.5 m, the soil drill extension rod is 0.5 m, and the overall length of the soil drill is 1.0 m. A detachable drill bit is installed at the bottom via an M30×1.5 thread or a φ8 mm pin. The drill bit type can be a spiral drill bit (for clay) or a cylindrical drill bit (for sand). Two φ12 mm Q235 round steel bars are symmetrically welded to the top on both sides as anchor posts. The round steel bars are 80 mm long and 200 mm apart. The connection process between the soil drill and the hoist includes: fixing one end of the wire rope 6 to the hoist hook 9, wrapping the other end around the anchor post 3 times, and then locking it with a rope clamp according to GB / T5976 standard.

[0045] Technical Benefits: This device provides a stable support foundation through a triangular bracket, and the hand-operated hoist enables labor-saving lifting. The soil drill's structure is adaptable to different geological conditions. During operation, the bracket is first fixed, the hoist is suspended, and then the soil drill is connected, forming a seamless workflow. In tests on a 1.5 m deep clay layer, a single person can lift a fully loaded soil drill (total weight 150 kg), and no significant stratum displacement was observed in the soil sample. All components use standard industrial parts, making maintenance and replacement convenient.

[0046] In another technical solution, a square metal pad 4 is provided at the bottom of the metal leg 3, and the square metal pad 4 forms a support surface in contact with the ground.

[0047] The square metal pad 4 can be made of square steel plate with side lengths of 8 cm, 9 cm, or 10 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm, 5 mm, or 6 mm. The material can be Q235 carbon structural steel, and the surface can be treated for rust prevention. This pad is fixed to the center of the bottom end face of the metal support 3 by a continuous weld seam, with a weld height of 3-4 mm. When working on hard ground, an 8 cm side length is preferred; on soft ground, a 10 cm side length is used to increase the ground contact area.

[0048] During assembly, the base plate must be completely flush with the bottom surface of the support pole, and its four sides must be parallel to the pole's axis. When the support is placed on the ground, the base plate should be embedded 0.5-1 cm deep into the ground surface (hard soil) or placed flat on the ground surface (soft soil). During operation, the grounding pressure borne by the base plate should be controlled within the range of 0.08-0.12 MPa: when the soil bearing capacity is below 0.1 MPa, the base plate should sink to a stable depth; when it is above 0.1 MPa, surface contact should be maintained.

[0049] The bottom surface of the pad can be machined with anti-slip textures (texture depth 0.5-1 mm) or welded with short nails (3 mm in diameter, 5 mm protrusion height). When operating on sloping terrain (slope ≤ 15°), the short nails penetrate the soil layer to generate shear resistance. The working process is as follows: during the initial lifting of the drill, when the hand-operated hoist 5 generates an upward pulling force, the short nails on the pad engage with the soil, offsetting the horizontal component of the force; after lifting, there is no residual soil adhering to the pad (surface roughness Ra ≤ 12.5 μm). Compared to a support without a pad, the displacement decreased from 15 cm to 0.5 cm in a 10° slope test.

[0050] Technical benefits: This square metal pad 4 effectively prevents slippage of the support during operation by increasing the ground contact area and featuring an anti-slip structure. Even on soft or sloping ground, the support remains stable, ensuring the vertical lifting trajectory of the soil drill does not deviate. The pad is made of conventional steel plate and can be directly cut and replaced for maintenance.

[0051] In another technical solution, two cylindrical steel bars 11 are vertically welded to both sides of the soil drill structure. One end of the wire rope 6 passes through the hook 9, and the other end is wrapped around the cylindrical steel bars 11 of the soil drill structure 3-5 times and then locked with a rope clamp to detachably connect the soil drill structure to the hand chain hoist 5.

[0052] Cylindrical reinforcing bars 11 can be made of Q235 round steel with a diameter of 10 mm, 12 mm, or 14 mm and a length of 80-100 mm. Two reinforcing bars are symmetrically welded 10-15 cm below the top of the soil drill structure, with the welding direction perpendicular to the axis of the soil drill. The spacing between the reinforcing bar axes is 200 mm, 220 mm, or 250 mm. Welding is done using J422 welding rods with continuous full welding, and the weld height is 3-4 mm. The exposed length of the reinforcing bar is 50-60 mm, and the surface can be machined with anti-slip threads (2 mm pitch, 0.5 mm thread depth). During assembly, it must be ensured that the two reinforcing bars are on the same horizontal plane, with a parallelism error ≤1°.

[0053] The wire rope 6 can be a 6×19 structural wire rope 6 according to GB / T 20118 standard, with a diameter of 4 mm, 5 mm, or 6 mm. During operation, first pass one end of the wire rope 6 through the bent section of the hook 9 of the hand-operated hoist 5, fold it back, and align it with the main rope section. Secure it with two U-shaped rope clamps according to GB / T5976 standard (bolt 1 torque 25 N·m), with the clamp spacing ≥ 6 times the rope diameter. Wrap the other end around the reinforcing bar as follows:

[0054] 1. Starting from the back of the first rebar and moving forward to the front, wrap tightly counterclockwise 3, 4, or 5 times;

[0055] 2. Pull at a 45° angle to the front of the second rebar, then wrap it around to the back, and repeat the same number of times clockwise.

[0056] 3. Fold back the end of the rope and secure it to the stressed section with a rope clamp (≥15 cm from the end). After winding, there should be no loose gaps at the contact points between the wire rope 6 and the reinforcing bar.

[0057] Technical benefits: This connection structure 2, through the combination of steel reinforcement anchor points and multiple turns of winding, ensures that the rope will not disengage during the lifting process of the soil drill. The winding method disperses local stress and extends the service life of the wire rope 6. The standardized installation of the rope clamps facilitates on-site operation, and maintenance only requires replacing worn rope sections.

[0058] In another technical solution, the soil sampling drill bit 12 is detachably connected to the bottom end of the soil drill structure via a threaded connection or a pin insertion.

[0059] The soil drill bit 12 can be connected to the bottom end of the soil drill structure via fine-pitch threads of M30×1.5, M32×1.5, or M33×1.5. The drill bit body can be made of 40Cr alloy steel, with a thread length of 25-30 mm and 8-10 turns. During assembly, internal threads (6H precision grade) are machined in the inner hole of the bottom end of the soil drill structure. After applying molybdenum disulfide grease to the external threads of the drill bit, it is screwed in, with a final tightening torque of 80-100 N·m. The thread clearance is ≤0.05 mm, and after assembly, the drill bit end face fits seamlessly with the bottom surface of the soil drill. The working process is as follows: when the drill bit is worn and needs to be replaced, the drill bit boss is held in place by pipe wrenches and rotated counterclockwise for disassembly, which takes about 45 seconds.

[0060] As an alternative to threaded connections, a pin-type connection can be used. Two φ8.5 mm through holes (60 mm apart) are radially drilled at the bottom of the soil drill structure, with corresponding φ8 mm pin holes at the drill bit positions. The pin can be a φ8 h6 grade 45 steel cylindrical pin (50 mm long). During assembly, the pin is inserted from one side until it penetrates the drill bit, and the end is locked with an R-shaped cotter pin (φ2 mm). The pin hole position accuracy requirements are: coaxiality ≤ φ0.1 mm, hole wall roughness Ra ≤ 3.2 μm. The testing method is as follows: apply a 10 kN axial tensile force to the assembly; the pin deformation threshold ≤ 0.02 mm; apply a 50 N·m torque; the relative rotation angle threshold ≤ 0.5°.

[0061] Technical advantages: This detachable structure allows for quick drill bit replacement, adapting to different formation sampling needs. The threaded connection provides high-rigidity fixation, while the pin connection facilitates disassembly under extreme conditions. Both methods utilize conventionally machined parts, requiring only the replacement of the worn drill bit body for maintenance.

[0062] In another technical solution, the starting end of the wire rope 6 passes through the curved section of the hook 9 of the hand chain hoist 5; after passing through, the wire rope 6 folds back towards the main rope section of the wire rope 6, so that the folded-back section is parallel and close to the main rope section of the wire rope 6; in the area where the folded-back section is close to the main rope section of the wire rope 6, at least two U-shaped rope clamps are installed to clamp and fix the folded-back end to the main rope section of the wire rope 6.

[0063] The free end of the steel wire rope 6 is wrapped with a cylindrical steel bar 11, specifically:

[0064] a) The free end of wire rope 6 is wound from the back side of the first reinforcing bar to the front side, and then wrapped counterclockwise 2-3 times.

[0065] b) Pull diagonally to the front of the second rebar, then wrap it around to the back, clockwise 2-3 times;

[0066] c) Fold the end back to the winding section and use a rope clamp to lock the end to the stressed section of the wire rope.

[0067] After the starting end of the wire rope 6 passes through the curved section of the hook 9 of the hand-operated hoist 5, it folds back towards the main rope section to form a double-stranded section. The bonding length can be 100 mm, 120 mm, or 150 mm, and it is fixed with two U-shaped rope clamps. The rope clamps can be GB / T 5976 standard parts of M8 or M10 specifications, with an installation spacing of 6 times the diameter of the wire rope 6 (e.g., 30 mm spacing for a 5 mm rope diameter). The tightening torque of the rope clamp bolt 1 is 25-30 N·m, and the U-shaped bolt 1 is located on the live end side of the wire rope 6. Assembly position requirements: the folded-back section is parallel to the main rope section, without crossing or twisting; the distance between the rope clamp and the root of the curved section of the hook 9 is ≥50 mm. The operation process includes: hook threading → folding back → clamping → secondary tightening.

[0068] The free end of the steel wire rope 6 is wound sequentially around two cylindrical steel bars 11:

[0069] 1. Operation of the first rebar: Starting from the back of the rebar (near the center of the soil drill), wrap it around to the front, tightly in a counterclockwise direction for 2, 2.5, or 3 turns, with the spacing between each turn ≤ the rope diameter;

[0070] 2. Bridging operation: Pull the cable at a 45°±5° angle to the second reinforcing bar. The length of the bridging section is equal to 1.4 times the spacing between the reinforcing bars (e.g., 28 cm for a spacing of 20 cm).

[0071] 3. Operation of the second rebar: From the front to the back, wrap the wire rope clockwise for the same number of turns, in the opposite direction to the first rebar. After wrapping, the wire rope 6 should be in full contact with the surface of the rebar, with local gaps ≤0.1 mm.

[0072] After winding, fold the end of wire rope 6 back to the wound section and lock it to the stressed section with two rope clamps. The locking position should be ≥15 cm from the end, and the distance between the rope clamps should be ≥4 times the rope diameter. Verification tests include:

[0073] Static load test: The soil drill is suspended with a full load of 150 kg for 10 minutes, and the slippage of the rope clamp is measured (threshold ≤ 0.8 mm).

[0074] Impact test: Lift to a height of 0.5 m and free fall to an emergency stop, observe the loosening of the winding (no visible loosening at the threshold).

[0075] Fatigue test: 20 consecutive lifts were performed, and the surface wear of the steel wire rope was checked (no broken wires were detected at the threshold). The test soil was sandy clay with a moisture content of 18%-22%.

[0076] Technical benefits: This connection method uses a folding and bidirectional winding to form a self-locking structure, preventing loosening during lifting. The winding path design disperses stress concentration points, extending the service life of the wire rope. Standardized operating procedures allow for rapid on-site assembly, and maintenance only requires replacing worn rope clamps.

[0077] In another technical solution, the axes of the two steel bars are on the same horizontal plane, with a spacing of 15-25 cm.

[0078] Mark positioning lines on the surface of the soil drill bit → fix with spot welding → re-measure the spacing → reinforce with full welding. Use J422 welding rods, interpass temperature ≤150℃, weld height 3 mm. Under working conditions, the spacing tolerance is controlled at ±1 mm (measured with a digital caliper).

[0079] Technical benefits: This horizontal spacing setting provides the optimal lever arm to resist rotational torque, ensuring no deflection of the soil drill during lifting. The spacing parameters match the soil drill dimensions, preventing localized stress exceeding limits. Assembly tolerance control ensures batch consistency, and structural integrity can be assessed during maintenance through weld flaw detection.

[0080] In another technical solution, a U-shaped constraint ring 13 is fixed at the center of the top of the soil drill structure. The ring opening is vertically upward and the inner diameter is 1-2 mm larger than the diameter of the wire rope 6. The straight section of the wire rope 6 from the hook 9 to the first reinforcing bar passes through the constraint ring 13 and then wraps around the cylindrical reinforcing bar 11.

[0081] The U-shaped constraint ring 13 is welded and fixed to the center of the top of the soil drill structure, with the deviation between the center point of the ring and the axis of the soil drill ≤ 1 mm. The ring can be made of Q235 steel plate with a thickness of 5 mm, 6 mm, or 8 mm, bent vertically upward. The welding position is 5 cm, 6 cm, or 8 cm below the top plane of the soil drill (6 cm is preferred when the total length of the soil drill is 1.5 m). During assembly, first use a positioning fixture to ensure that the center line of the ring opening coincides with the axis of the soil drill, then use J422 welding rods for symmetrical spot welding, and finally the full weld height is 3-4 mm. Under working conditions, the parallelism error between the bottom surface of the ring and the top surface of the soil drill is ≤ 0.5°.

[0082] The inner diameter of the restraint ring 13 is 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, or 2.0 mm larger than the diameter of the wire rope 6 (e.g., 6.5 mm inner diameter when the rope diameter is 5 mm). The ring arm height can be 40 mm, 50 mm, or 60 mm, and the ring opening width is 2.5 times the rope diameter (e.g., 12.5 mm width when the rope diameter is 5 mm). The straight section of the wire rope 6 from the hook 9 to the first reinforcing bar passes through the restraint ring 13, with the penetration point located at the center of the ring depth. Assembly tolerance requirements: the gap between the wire rope 6 and the ring wall on one side is 0.5-1.0 mm (measured with a feeler gauge), and the inner wall roughness Ra ≤ 6.3 μm. During operation, the wire rope 6 slides along the center of the ring during lifting, and the lateral swing amplitude is limited to ±1.5 mm.

[0083] Technical benefits: The constraint ring 13 restricts the radial displacement of the wire rope 6 through a clearance fit, ensuring that the lifting force always passes through the soil drill axis. The ring's centered positioning eliminates eccentric bending moments, reducing the risk of interlayer shear in the soil sample. The structure is made of conventionally machined steel plates, and the inner wall can be repaired by welding after wear.

[0084] In another technical solution, a scale rod 10 is also provided on the top of the soil drill structure. The scale rod 10 can be located next to the constraint ring 13.

[0085] Although the embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this utility model is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A soil sampling and drilling device, characterized in that, include: A triangular bracket, comprising a connecting structure and three metal legs, the tops of which are connected to the connecting structure by bolts to form a triangular bracket; A hand-operated chain hoist, which is suspended below the connecting structure; The soil drill structure includes a soil-taking drill bit, two cylindrical steel bars on both sides, a steel wire rope, and a U-shaped restraint ring; The bottom of the soil drill structure is detachably equipped with a soil sampling drill bit, and the soil drill structure is detachably connected to the hook of the hand chain hoist. The soil sampling drill bit is detachably connected to the bottom of the soil drill structure via threaded connection or pin insertion. The drill bit type is either a spiral drill bit or a cylindrical drill bit. Two cylindrical steel bars are vertically welded to both sides of the soil drill structure. One end of the steel wire rope passes through the hook of the hand chain hoist, and the other end is wrapped around the cylindrical steel bars of the soil drill structure 3-5 times and then locked with a rope clamp to detachably connect the soil drill structure to the hand chain hoist. A U-shaped constraint ring is fixed at the center of the top of the soil drill structure. The ring opening is vertically upward and the inner diameter is 1-2mm larger than the diameter of the steel wire rope. The straight section of the steel wire rope from the hook to the first steel bar passes through the constraint ring and then wraps around the cylindrical steel bar. The starting end of the wire rope passes through the curved section of the hand-operated hoist hook; after passing through, the wire rope folds back towards the main section of the wire rope, so that the folded-back section is parallel and close to the main section of the wire rope; in the area where the folded-back section is close to the main section of the wire rope, at least two U-shaped rope clamps are installed to clamp and fix the folded-back end to the main section of the wire rope. The free end of the steel wire rope is wrapped with a cylindrical steel bar, specifically: a) The free end of the wire rope is wound from the back of the first reinforcing bar to the front, and then wrapped counterclockwise 2-3 times. b) Pull diagonally to the front of the second rebar, then wrap it around to the back, clockwise 2-3 times; c) Fold the end back to the winding section and use a rope clamp to lock the end to the stressed section of the wire rope.

2. The soil sampling and drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the metal leg is provided with a square metal pad, which forms a support surface in contact with the ground.

3. The soil sampling and drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axes of the two reinforcing bars are on the same horizontal plane, with a spacing of 15-25 cm.

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