A magnetorheological damper

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of magneto-rheological dampers. The utility model includes shell, is provided with the cavity filled with magneto-rheological fluid, the shell is configured as outer magnet conductor;Pull rod, including oppositely arranged first end and second end, the first end of the pull rod projects outside the shell along axial direction, the second end of the pull rod extends into the cavity;Inner magnet conductor, installation in the second end of the pull rod, and predetermined gap is formed between the side wall of the cavity;Excitation coil, set on the inner magnet conductor;Compensator, the inner magnet conductor divides the cavity into upper and lower chambers, the compensator is set on the one end of the shell away from the first end of the pull rod, for compensating the volume change of upper and lower chamber caused by the pull rod movement;Universal hinge head assembly, two universal hinge head assemblies are respectively installed on the pull rod and the shell.The utility model significantly improves the suppression effect of structural vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of magnetorheological damper technology, and in particular to a magnetorheological damper. Background Technology

[0002] A magnetorheological damper (MRD) is an adjustable damping vibration control device that utilizes the magnetorheological effect to reduce vibration. The magnetorheological effect refers to the phenomenon where the rheological properties (such as viscosity and flowability) of a magnetorheological fluid change when a magnetic field interacts with it. Due to its continuously adjustable damping force, the MRD has become an important device for structural vibration control.

[0003] Currently, magnetorheological dampers are widely used in automotive suspensions, bridge seismic resistance, and mechanical vibration reduction due to their excellent response speed, wide adjustable damping force range, simple structure, and low control energy consumption. However, existing magnetorheological dampers have the following problems: insufficient optimization of the magnetic circuit structure and uneven distribution of the magnetic field in the working area result in the rheological properties of the magnetorheological fluid not being able to fully respond to changes in the magnetic field of the excitation coil, thus affecting the adjustment accuracy and range of the damping force; traditional magnetorheological dampers are prone to abnormal internal pressure during operation, affecting the sealing reliability and long-term stable operation of the damper; they are only suitable for unidirectional or specific installation methods and cannot adapt to the assembly requirements of multidirectional motion or complex working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, this invention provides a magnetorheological damper that can significantly improve the effect of structural vibration suppression.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a magnetorheological damper, comprising:

[0006] The housing has a cavity filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the housing is configured as an external magnet.

[0007] A pull rod includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, the first end of the pull rod extending axially outside the housing, and the second end of the pull rod extending into the cavity;

[0008] An inner magnetic conductor is installed at the second end of the pull rod and forms a predetermined gap with the side wall of the cavity.

[0009] An excitation coil is disposed on the inner magnetic conductor. The excitation coil is used to generate a magnetic field by energizing the coil, thereby changing the fluid properties of the magnetorheological fluid in the cavity. The pull rod can transmit axial force and move along the cavity, driving the magnetorheological fluid to move through the inner magnetic conductor, so as to achieve a damping effect through the magnetorheological fluid.

[0010] The compensator, wherein the inner magnetic conductor divides the cavity into upper and lower chambers, is disposed at the first end of the housing away from the first end of the pull rod, and is used to compensate for the change in volume of the upper and lower chambers caused by the movement of the pull rod;

[0011] Universal joint assembly, the two universal joint assemblies are respectively mounted on the tie rod and the housing.

[0012] In one embodiment of this utility model, the inner magnetic conductor includes a shaft and an upper magnetic shoulder and a lower magnetic shoulder extending radially at the upper and lower ends of the shaft. A winding shaft is provided on the shaft, and the excitation coil is wound on the winding shaft.

[0013] In one embodiment of this utility model, a sealing cover is further included, the sealing cover being threadedly connected to the end of the housing away from the first end of the pull rod, and the compensator is installed on the sealing cover.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the compensator includes a hollow arc-shaped protrusion and a retaining edge located at the end of the hollow arc-shaped protrusion, the retaining edge being engaged in a groove on the surface of the sealing cover.

[0015] In one embodiment of this utility model, the universal joint assembly is installed on both the first end of the pull rod and the sealing cover.

[0016] In one embodiment of this utility model, a sealing element is provided between the end of the housing near the first end of the pull rod and the pull rod.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the universal joint assembly includes a universal joint support and a joint disposed within the universal joint support.

[0018] In one embodiment of this utility model, the hinge head is provided with a screw that connects to the pull rod or the sealing cover.

[0019] In one embodiment of this utility model, the shell is cylindrical.

[0020] In one embodiment of this utility model, both the outer magnetic conductor and the inner magnetic conductor are made of steel; the excitation coil is made of copper enameled wire.

[0021] The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0022] This invention discloses a magnetorheological damper that utilizes an excitation coil to generate a controllable magnetic field, enabling real-time alteration of the rheological properties of the magnetorheological fluid and achieving continuous adjustment of the damping force. It can respond rapidly to changes in external operating conditions, significantly improving the suppression of structural vibration. The universal joint assembly can adapt to connection requirements in different directions and, in conjunction with the axial movement of the tie rod, solves the coupling problem between the axial and horizontal shear movements of the magnetorheological damper. A compensator is employed to effectively compensate for the volume changes within the cavity caused by the tie rod movement, improving the equipment's sealing performance and operational stability. By integrating an internal magnetic conductor, excitation coil, compensator, and universal joint assembly into the housing, efficient magnetic control and damping adjustment of the magnetorheological fluid are achieved. The overall structure is compact, facilitating installation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the magnetorheological damper of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an axonal structural diagram of the magnetorheological damper of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 This is an isometric structural diagram of the universal joint assembly of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 This is an axial sectional view of the universal joint assembly of this utility model.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals on the accompanying drawings:

[0029] 1. Shell; 11. Cavity;

[0030] 2. Pull rod;

[0031] 3. Inner magnetic conductor; 31. Shaft; 32. Upper magnetic shoulder; 33. Lower magnetic shoulder;

[0032] 4. Excitation coil;

[0033] 5. Compensator; 51. Hollow arc-shaped convex body; 52. Edge clamp;

[0034] 6. Universal joint assembly; 61. Universal joint support; 62. Joint; 63. Screw;

[0035] 7. Sealing cap;

[0036] 8. Sealing components. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] In this utility model, when directions (up, down, left, right, front, and back) are described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this utility model, and does not indicate or imply that the technical features referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0039] In this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the stated number. In the description of this utility model, if "first" or "second" is used, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features.

[0040] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection capable of mutual communication; or the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a magnetorheological damper of this utility model includes:

[0042] The housing 1 is provided with a cavity 11 filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the housing 1 is configured as an external magnet.

[0043] The pull rod 2 includes a first end and a second end that are disposed opposite to each other. The first end of the pull rod 2 extends axially out of the housing 1, and the second end of the pull rod 2 extends into the cavity 11.

[0044] An inner magnetic conductor 3 (iron core) is installed at the second end of the pull rod 2 and forms a predetermined gap with the side wall of the cavity 11;

[0045] An excitation coil 4 is disposed on the inner magnetic conductor 3. The excitation coil 4 is used to generate a magnetic field by energizing the coil, thereby changing the fluid characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid in the cavity 11. The pull rod 2 can transmit axial force and move along the cavity 11, driving the magnetorheological fluid to move through the inner magnetic conductor 3, so as to achieve a damping effect through the magnetorheological fluid. The magnetorheological fluid is in a closed magnetic field loop composed of the inner magnetic conductor 3 and the outer magnetic conductor, and the magnetomotive force is provided by the excitation coil 4.

[0046] The compensator 5, the inner magnetic conductor 3 divides the cavity 11 into upper and lower chambers, and the compensator 5 is disposed at the first end of the housing 1 away from the first end of the pull rod 2, and is used to compensate for the change in volume of the upper and lower chambers caused by the movement of the pull rod 2;

[0047] Universal hinge assembly 6, two of the universal hinge assemblies 6 are respectively installed on the tie rod 2 and the housing 1.

[0048] Through the above setup, a controllable magnetic field is generated using the excitation coil 4, which can change the rheological properties of the magnetorheological fluid in real time, achieving continuous adjustment of the damping force. This allows for rapid response to changes in external operating conditions, significantly improving the suppression effect of structural vibration. The universal joint assembly 6 can adapt to connection requirements in different directions and can rotate along the axis of the (magnetorheological damper), cooperating with the axial movement of the tie rod 2 to solve the coupling problem between the axial movement and horizontal shear movement of the magnetorheological damper. The compensator 5 effectively compensates for the volume change within the cavity 11 caused by the movement of the tie rod 2, improving the sealing performance and operational stability of the equipment.

[0049] In one embodiment, the inner magnetic conductor 3 includes a shaft 31 and an upper magnetic shoulder 32 and a lower magnetic shoulder 33 extending radially at the upper and lower ends of the shaft 31. A winding shaft is provided on the shaft 31, and the excitation coil 4 is wound on the winding shaft. The excitation coil 4 can be led out to an external power source through the pull rod 2 (which provides a lead wire channel) to be energized.

[0050] In one embodiment, a sealing cover 7 is further included, which is threaded to one end of the housing 1 away from the first end of the pull rod 2, and the compensator 5 is mounted on the sealing cover 7.

[0051] In one embodiment, the compensator 5 includes a hollow arc-shaped protrusion 51 and a retaining edge 52 located at the end of the hollow arc-shaped protrusion 51, the retaining edge 52 being engaged in a groove on the surface of the sealing cover 7. When the movement of the pull rod 2 causes a change in the volume of the cavity 11, the compensator 5 uses an elastic body capable of elastic deformation, such as using an oil-resistant rubber material (e.g., fluororubber), thereby automatically compensating for the volume change of the magnetorheological fluid inside the cavity 11. Specifically, the compensator 5 uses...

[0052] In one embodiment, the universal joint assembly 6 is installed on both the first end of the pull rod 2 and the sealing cover 7.

[0053] In one embodiment, a seal 8 is provided between the end of the housing 1 near the first end of the pull rod 2 and the pull rod 2.

[0054] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the universal joint assembly 6 includes a universal joint support 61 and a hinge head 62 disposed within the universal joint support 61. The hinge head 62 is rotatable about the axis of the (magnetorheological damper) to form a rotating pair. In addition, the hinge head 62 is provided with screws 63 for connecting to the tie rod 2 or the sealing cover 7. The universal joint support 61 is provided with connection holes for connecting to the base or equipment.

[0055] Since the magnetorheological damper can only move along its own axis, while the hinge 62 of the universal joint assembly 6 can rotate along the axis of the magnetorheological damper, the combination of the two can effectively solve the coupling problem between the axial motion and the horizontal shearing motion of the magnetorheological damper.

[0056] In one embodiment, the housing 1 is cylindrical.

[0057] It should be noted that magnetorheological dampers (MREs) contain both magnetically conductive and non-magnetically conductive materials. The magnetically conductive material is primarily used to construct the magnetic circuit, concentrating the magnetic field in the magnetorheological fluid material region, and is crucial to the magnetic control performance of the vibration isolator. The non-magnetically conductive material prevents magnetic field leakage and also avoids electromagnetic interference. The requirements for the magnetically conductive material of MRE dampers are as follows:

[0058] High permeability: Higher permeability ensures a higher magnetic flux density under the same input.

[0059] Low coercivity: Due to the coercivity of the magnetic material, residual magnetism will appear after the vibration isolator stops working. The residual magnetism changes the initial state of the vibration isolator and increases the difficulty of controlling the vibration isolator.

[0060] High magnetic saturation intensity: Once the magnetic material reaches magnetic saturation, the magnetic induction intensity will no longer increase with the current, which will affect the magnetic control range of the device.

[0061] High thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity: The heat generated during the operation of the magnetorheological damper increases the operating temperature, reduces the performance of the elastomer, and simultaneously increases the coil resistance, thus increasing the load power of the current driver. Therefore, materials with good heat dissipation properties are required to reduce the temperature of the vibration isolator during stable operation.

[0062] Therefore, both the outer magnetic conductor and the inner magnetic conductor 3 are made of 20# steel, which has high strength and high magnetic permeability; the excitation coil 4 is made of copper enameled wire; and the winding shaft and sealing cover 7 are made of non-magnetic, lightweight, and relatively strong aluminum alloy material.

[0063] With the housing 1 serving as the outer magnetic conductor, the inner magnetic conductor 3 is mounted on the pull rod 2, and the excitation coil 4 is placed on the inner magnetic conductor 3. The magnetorheological fluid is placed in the magnetic circuit formed by the outer magnetic conductor and the inner magnetic conductor 3, forming a highly efficient closed magnetic circuit structure. This makes the overall structure compact and ensures that the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 4 directly acts on the magnetorheological fluid, effectively enhancing the magnetorheological effect. This makes the damping force adjustment more sensitive, improves the strength and uniformity of the magnetic field in the working area, effectively reduces magnetic flux leakage, and significantly improves the efficiency of magnetic field control.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A magnetorheological damper, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) is provided with a cavity (11) filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the housing (1) is configured as an external magnet. The pull rod (2) includes a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other. The first end of the pull rod (2) extends axially out of the housing (1), and the second end of the pull rod (2) extends into the cavity (11). An inner magnetic conductor (3) is installed at the second end of the pull rod (2) and forms a predetermined gap with the side wall of the cavity (11); An excitation coil (4) is disposed on the inner magnetic conductor (3). The excitation coil (4) is used to generate a magnetic field by energizing the coil, thereby changing the fluid characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid in the cavity (11). The pull rod (2) can transmit axial force and move along the cavity (11) to extend and retract. The magnetorheological fluid is driven to move through the inner magnetic conductor (3) so as to achieve a damping effect through the magnetorheological fluid. The compensator (5) divides the cavity (11) into upper and lower chambers by the inner magnetic conductor (3). The compensator (5) is located at the first end of the housing (1) away from the pull rod (2) and is used to compensate for the change in volume of the upper and lower chambers caused by the movement of the pull rod (2). Universal joint assembly (6), two of the universal joint assemblies (6) are respectively mounted on the tie rod (2) and the housing (1).

2. The magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner magnetic conductor (3) includes a shaft (31) and an upper magnetic shoulder (32) and a lower magnetic shoulder (33) extending radially at the upper and lower ends of the shaft (31). A winding shaft is provided on the shaft (31), and the excitation coil (4) is wound on the winding shaft.

3. A magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing cap (7), which is threaded to one end of the housing (1) away from the first end of the pull rod (2), and the compensator (5) is mounted on the sealing cap (7).

4. A magnetorheological damper according to claim 3, characterized in that, The compensator (5) includes a hollow arc-shaped protrusion (51) and a retaining edge (52) located at the end of the hollow arc-shaped protrusion (51), the retaining edge (52) being engaged in a groove on the surface of the sealing cover (7).

5. A magnetorheological damper according to claim 3, characterized in that, The universal joint assembly (6) is installed on the first end of the pull rod (2) and the sealing cover (7).

6. A magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, A seal (8) is provided between the end of the housing (1) near the first end of the pull rod (2) and the pull rod (2).

7. A magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The universal joint assembly (6) includes a universal joint support (61) and a joint (62) disposed within the universal joint support (61).

8. A magnetorheological damper according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hinge (62) is fitted with a screw (63) that connects to the pull rod (2) or the sealing cap (7).

9. A magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell (1) is cylindrical.

10. A magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer magnetic conductor and the inner magnetic conductor (3) are both made of steel; the excitation coil (4) is made of copper enameled wire.

Images