Differential coupling speed regulating device for cone-disk continuously variable transmission

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of transmission technology and relates to a differential coupling speed regulation device for a cone-disc continuously variable transmission (CVT). It includes a first-shaft cone-disc unit, a second-shaft cone-disc unit, an annular transmission component, and a speed regulation system. The speed regulation system consists of a first speed regulation power source, a second speed regulation power source, a rotary thrust unit, and a differential coupling unit. The first speed regulation power source serves as the main driving force source, and the rotary thrust unit converts relative rotational motion into axial movement to drive the moving cone disc and achieve speed regulation. This utility model couples the outputs of the two power sources through the differential coupling unit, reducing the power requirement of the second speed regulation power source and avoiding the drawbacks of needing to adapt the second speed regulation power source to high power. Furthermore, speed regulation is achieved through speed coupling and dynamic coordination of the speed regulation system, avoiding various problems associated with using high-speed thrust bearings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of transmission technology and relates to a differential coupling speed regulation device for a cone-disc continuously variable transmission. Background Technology

[0002] As an important branch of mechanical transmission technology, the cone-disc continuously variable transmission (CVT) works by clamping a ring-shaped transmission component (such as a metal or rubber belt) between two pairs of cone discs. Power is transmitted through rolling friction, and the rolling radius of the ring-shaped transmission component between the two pairs of cone discs is adjusted by the axial movement of the moving cone disc (typically requiring a movement of 10mm to 30mm within 3 seconds), thus achieving stepless speed regulation. This technology has broad application prospects in vehicles, mechanical equipment, and other fields due to its advantages such as continuously adjustable transmission ratio and no power interruption.

[0003] Publicly available patents CN115978149A, CN114483898A, and CN1920334A all propose a typical speed regulation scheme: the rotary push unit is coaxially mounted on the drive shaft of the cone disk unit via a thrust bearing to isolate the rotational speed of the rotary push unit from that of the transmission system; and the rotary push unit is driven by a single number of motors or hydraulic devices to push the moving cone disk axially to complete the speed regulation control. Although this scheme can achieve basic speed regulation functions, it faces two major problems in practical applications, which seriously limit its widespread application, especially failing to meet the transmission requirements of high-speed and heavy-load conditions.

[0004] Firstly, the rotary thrust unit needs to isolate its rotational speed from the transmission system (i.e., the drive shaft of the cone-disc unit) through a high-speed thrust bearing. However, the axial load capacity and speed limit of existing thrust bearings are insufficient to meet the demands of high-speed, heavy-load applications. Specifically, when the main drive source of a vehicle's mechanical device outputs a speed exceeding 5000 rpm and a torque exceeding 400 Nm, existing thrust bearings cannot meet the adaptation requirements or are prone to fatigue wear and lubrication failure, resulting in insufficient lifespan and reliability of the transmission system. This deficiency is particularly prominent in the context of rapid electrification of vehicle machinery, where the high-speed, high-torque conditions of electric drives make it difficult for existing thrust bearing technology to match such demanding conditions. Furthermore, high-load thrust bearings introduce mechanical transmission losses, increase energy consumption, and complicate the design of cooling and lubrication systems, thereby increasing the cost of technology development and application.

[0005] Secondly, the power requirements of the speed control system are incompatible with its complexity and cost. To meet the high-thrust speed control requirements, the rotary thrust unit needs to rely on a high-power power source (typically 1-10kW) for drive. However, this technical solution only has one active speed control drive device. The 12V or 24V low-voltage power supply systems commonly used in vehicle machinery cannot be adapted to high-power speed-regulating motors. When the speed control power exceeds 1kW, a hydraulic device is required to drive the rotary thrust unit for speed regulation. However, the introduction of a hydraulic system not only leads to a decrease in system reliability but also brings multiple technical problems: hydraulic system losses reduce mechanical efficiency (approximately 15%-30% of the required energy loss), the complex oil circuit layout increases system size, design difficulty, and maintenance difficulty, and the system development and application costs of components such as hydraulic pumps and valve groups increase significantly. These problems collectively severely limit the economy and applicability of the existing solution in high-efficiency, high-load scenarios.

[0006] In summary, there is an urgent need to overcome the inherent defects of existing technologies and develop a new speed regulation solution that is both efficient and highly reliable, in order to meet the adaptation requirements of continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) for high-speed and heavy-duty vehicle machinery, especially the application needs under the trend of power unit electrification. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a differential coupling speed regulation device for a cone-disc continuously variable transmission to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A differential coupling speed control device for a cone-disc continuously variable transmission (CVT) includes a primary cone-disc unit, a secondary cone-disc unit, an annular transmission component, a thrust unit, and a speed control system. Both the primary and secondary cone-disc units include a drive shaft and a fixed cone-disc and a movable cone-disc arranged coaxially with their conical surfaces facing each other. The annular transmission component is clamped between the fixed and movable cone-discs of the primary and secondary cone-disc units to transmit power through rolling friction. The thrust unit provides the annular transmission component with the positive pressure required for power transmission through rolling friction. The speed control system drives the movable cone-disc in the primary and / or secondary cone-disc units to move axially to adjust the transmission ratio. The drive shaft in the primary cone-disc unit is connected to an external main drive source (such as an internal combustion engine or electric motor in a vehicle).

[0010] The speed regulation system includes a first speed regulation power source, a second speed regulation power source, a rotary push unit, and a differential coupling unit. The first speed regulation power source is the main driving force source. The rotary push unit is used to convert its relative rotational motion with the moving cone disk into relative axial movement, and to push the one-axis moving cone disk or / and the two-axis moving cone disk to move axially to achieve speed regulation.

[0011] The differential coupling unit includes a first speed control input terminal, a second speed control input terminal, and a speed control power output terminal. The first speed control power source is driven to the first speed control input terminal, the second speed control power source is driven to the second speed control input terminal, and the speed control power output terminal is driven to the rotary push unit. When the output speed of the second speed control power source is zero, the differential coupling unit makes the speed of the rotary push unit consistent with the speed of the moving cone disk.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotational speed n1 of the first speed control input terminal, the rotational speed n2 of the second speed control input terminal, and the rotational speed n3 of the speed control power output terminal satisfy the following relationship: n3=k1·n1+k2·n2, where k1 and k2 are non-zero constants determined by the structure of the differential coupling unit.

[0013] Further, the differential coupling unit is a single-row planetary gear set, including a sun gear, a planet carrier, and a ring gear. The first speed control input terminal is connected to the sun gear, the second speed control input terminal is connected to the ring gear, and the speed control power output terminal is connected to the planet carrier; k1 = 1 / (1+ρ), k2 = ρ / (1+ρ), where ρ is the ratio of the number of teeth on the ring gear to the number of teeth on the sun gear; or

[0014] The differential coupling unit is a differential structure, including a first center gear, a second center gear, and a planetary carrier. The first speed control input terminal is connected to the first center gear, the second speed control input terminal is connected to the second center gear, and the speed control power output terminal is connected to the planetary carrier. k1 = k / (1+k), k2 = 1 / (1+k), where k is the ratio of the number of teeth of the first center gear to the number of teeth of the second center gear.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotary push unit and the differential coupling unit correspond one-to-one, and there are one or two rotary push units;

[0016] When there is one rotary push unit, the rotary push unit is arranged on the transmission shaft on the moving cone side of the single-axis cone disk unit or the double-axis cone disk unit;

[0017] When there are two rotary push units, the rotary push units are respectively arranged on the transmission shaft on the moving cone side of the one-axis cone disk unit and the two-axis cone disk unit.

[0018] Furthermore, the rotary pusher unit includes a main rotary pusher and a secondary rotary pusher. The end faces of the main rotary pusher and the secondary rotary pusher are respectively provided with at least two uniformly distributed slope tracks with monotonically changing angles in the circumferential direction. The main rotary pusher and the secondary rotary pusher are centrally symmetrically and coaxially connected by rotary pusher steel balls clamped in the slope tracks. The main rotary pusher is circumferentially rotatably connected to the moving cone disk, and the secondary rotary pusher is circumferentially fixedly connected to the drive shaft, or integrally formed with the moving cone disk.

[0019] Furthermore, a rotary pusher support is provided on the side of the main rotary pusher away from the auxiliary rotary pusher, which is rotatably connected to the main rotary pusher, and the rotary pusher support is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft to limit the axial movement of the main rotary pusher.

[0020] Furthermore, the rotary push unit includes a main rotary push and a secondary rotary push. The secondary rotary push is a lead screw that is coaxially and circumferentially fixedly connected to the transmission shaft. The main rotary push is a lead screw nut that is helically connected to the lead screw and is coaxially and circumferentially rotated and in contact with the moving cone disk.

[0021] Furthermore, when the rotational speed of the second speed control input is zero, the ratio of the rotational speed of the main rotary pusher to that of the auxiliary rotary pusher is 1:1, and they rotate in the same direction.

[0022] Furthermore, when there are two rotary push units, the second speed-regulating power source outputs the same speed to the first speed-regulating input terminal connected to the first-axis cone disk unit and the first speed-regulating input terminal connected to the second-axis cone disk unit, but in opposite directions.

[0023] Furthermore, when there are two rotary thrust units, the thrust unit is located outside the fixed cone disk of the one-axis cone disk unit or the two-axis cone disk unit;

[0024] When there is one rotary thrust unit, the thrust unit is located on the outside of the moving cone disk in the single-axis cone disk unit or the double-axis cone disk unit that is not connected to the rotary thrust unit.

[0025] Furthermore, the second speed-regulating power source is connected to the second speed-regulating input end via a worm gear structure.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0027] This utility model relates to a differential coupling speed regulation device for a cone-disc continuously variable transmission (CVT). The device couples the power of a first speed regulation power source (i.e., the main driving force source) with that of a second speed regulation power source through a differential coupling unit, so that the output speed regulation power jointly drives the rotary thrust unit to achieve speed regulation. Through the mechanical connection of the differential coupling unit, this utility model eliminates the need for high-speed thrust bearings, achieving coupling and dynamic coordination of the rotational speeds of the rotary thrust unit and the transmission system—that is, the asynchronous and synchronous operation of the drive shafts of the main rotary thrust unit and the cone-disc unit under both speed regulation and non-speed regulation conditions. This fundamentally avoids many drawbacks of using high-speed thrust bearings, such as incompatibility due to their speed and load capacity limitations, lifespan limitations, decreased reliability, and increased costs of lubrication and cooling systems. Simultaneously, by utilizing the torque "lever principle" and differential transmission characteristics of the differential coupling unit, a portion of the power from the main driving force source is introduced into the speed regulation system, significantly reducing the power demand on the second speed regulation power source (active speed regulation power source), with a reduction of over 70%.

[0028] The innovation of this invention lies first in eliminating the thrust bearing, thus avoiding the problems of existing technologies that rely on the bearing and are unable to adapt to high-speed, heavy-load conditions, and suffer from insufficient lifespan and reliability. This design also reduces the axial dimension of the continuously variable transmission (CVT), enhancing its adaptability in compact spaces and helping to improve mechanical transmission efficiency, while reducing the requirements for heat dissipation and lubrication systems, thereby reducing supporting costs. Secondly, by using a differential coupling unit to superimpose the power of the main drive source onto the speed regulation system, the power requirement for the secondary speed regulation power source is significantly reduced without increasing the number of active speed regulation power sources. Compared to existing technologies that have to use hydraulic drive systems for high-power speed regulation, this invention only requires a low-power motor (such as one adapted to a 12V / 24V low-voltage power supply) to meet the speed regulation requirements, thus fundamentally avoiding a series of drawbacks associated with hydraulic drive solutions: including decreased system reliability due to hydraulic leakage, oil temperature sensitivity, and component wear; reduced transmission efficiency due to hydraulic losses; and significantly increased system complexity and development and application costs due to the need for additional hydraulic pumps, valve groups, oil tanks, and cooling devices.

[0029] Furthermore, by specifically configuring the transmission ratio of the speed regulation system and its relationship with the transmission shaft of the cone disc unit, when the speed of the second speed regulation power source is zero, the main rotary pusher and the auxiliary rotary pusher can rotate synchronously in the same direction, corresponding to working conditions without speed regulation requirements; while when the second speed regulation power source rotates forward or reverse, the main rotary pusher and the auxiliary rotary pusher can rotate asynchronously in the same direction, achieving speed regulation. After the second speed regulation power source is connected to the worm gear structure, it is connected to the second speed regulation input end. Utilizing the large reduction ratio and self-locking characteristics of the worm gear, speed ratio drift under non-speed regulation conditions is effectively prevented, eliminating the need for an additional self-locking mechanism, further improving system reliability and reducing costs.

[0030] In summary, this invention achieves power superposition, speed coupling, and dynamic coordination through a differential coupling unit. It not only successfully solves the key technical bottlenecks of high power demand and poor thrust bearing adaptability in existing continuously variable transmissions (CVTs), but also effectively avoids the inherent defects of low reliability, large efficiency loss, and high cost of hydraulic drive solutions under high-power speed regulation applications. It is particularly well-suited to the requirements of the electrification era for high speed, high load, high efficiency, and high reliability of transmission systems, and has significant economic and applicability advantages.

[0031] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination and study, or may be learned from practice of this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the differential coupling speed control device of a cone-disc continuously variable transmission in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the differential coupling unit in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary pusher unit in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the differential coupling unit in Example 2;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the differential coupling speed control device of a cone-disc continuously variable transmission in Example 4.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1. Shaft rotary thrust support; 2. Shaft support steel ball; 3. Shaft main rotary thrust; 4. Shaft rotary thrust steel ball; 5. Shaft auxiliary rotary thrust; 6. Shaft moving cone disk; 7. Annular transmission component; 8. Shaft fixed cone disk; 9. Shaft; 10. First speed regulating power source; 11. First gear pair; 12. First speed regulating input end of shaft; 13. Second gear pair; 14. Shaft differential coupling unit; 15. Shaft speed regulating power output end; 16. Second speed regulating input end of shaft; 17. Third gear pair; 18. Fourth gear pair; 19. Speed ​​regulation. Shaft 20, intermediate speed regulating shaft 21, second speed regulating power source 22, worm gear structure 22a, fifth gear pair 23, second speed regulating input end of the second shaft 24, speed regulating power output end of the second shaft 25, differential coupling unit of the second shaft 26, seventh gear pair 27, first speed regulating input end of the second shaft 28, sixth gear pair 29, second shaft 30, fixed cone plate of the second shaft 31, moving cone plate of the second shaft 32, rotary push of the second shaft pair 33, rotary push steel ball of the second shaft 34, main rotary push of the second shaft 35, support steel ball of the second shaft 36, rotary push support of the second shaft 37;

[0039] Main spin pusher 101, secondary spin pusher 102, slope raceway 201, spin pusher support 103, spin pusher steel ball 301, support steel ball 302;

[0040] First speed control input terminal 110, first center gear 111, planet carrier 112, speed control power output terminal 113, planet gear 114, second center gear 115, second speed control input terminal 116, planet carrier 117, gear ring 118, planet gear 119, sun gear 120. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0042] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0043] In the accompanying drawings of this utility model, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1-3The diagram shows a planetary gear power coupling speed regulating device for a conical disc continuously variable transmission (CVT), comprising a first-shaft conical disc unit, a second-shaft conical disc unit, a thrust unit 9, an annular transmission component 7, and a speed regulating system. The first-shaft conical disc unit includes a first shaft 10 (i.e., a drive shaft) and a first-shaft fixed conical disc 8 and a first-shaft movable conical disc 6 arranged coaxially with their conical surfaces facing each other. The second-shaft conical disc unit includes a second shaft 30 (i.e., a drive shaft) and a second-shaft fixed conical disc 31 and a second-shaft movable conical disc 32 arranged with their conical surfaces facing each other on the second shaft 30. The annular transmission component 7 establishes a clamping force through the thrust unit 9 arranged on the first shaft 10 to transmit the main driving force between the first-shaft conical disc unit and the second-shaft conical disc unit. The thrust unit 9 is arranged on the side of the fixed cone disk 8 away from the moving cone disk 6. Specifically, in this embodiment, the thrust unit 9 includes a thrust disk and a thrust rolling element. The thrust disk is axially fixedly connected to the shaft 10. The opposite end faces of the thrust disk and the fixed cone disk 8 (non-conical end) are respectively provided with a main thrust ramp groove and a secondary thrust ramp groove. Both the secondary thrust ramp groove and the main thrust ramp groove are V-shaped ramp grooves that rise symmetrically from the low point to both ends in the circumferential direction. The secondary thrust ramp groove and the main thrust ramp groove are arranged symmetrically with respect to the thrust rolling element, so as to provide positive pressure to the fixed cone disk 8 through the relative rotation of the thrust disk and the fixed cone disk 8.

[0046] The speed regulation system includes a first speed regulation power source, a second speed regulation power source, a rotary push unit, and a differential coupling unit. The rotary push unit and the differential coupling unit are each set in two groups, and are used to drive the one-axis moving cone disk 6 and the two-axis moving cone disk 32 to move axially in the same direction to achieve speed regulation.

[0047] The first speed-regulating power source 11 is the main driving force source of the vehicle's machinery, and the second speed-regulating power source 22 is connected to the speed-regulating shaft 20 through a worm gear structure.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotary pusher unit includes a main rotary pusher 101 and a secondary rotary pusher 102. The main rotary pusher 101 abuts against the rotary pusher support 103 via a support steel ball 302 to achieve axial positioning, and abuts against the secondary rotary pusher 102 via the rotary pusher steel ball 301. The main rotary pusher 101, the secondary rotary pusher 102, and the four end faces opposite to the rotary pusher support are each provided with three uniformly distributed, monotonically changing slope raceways 201 in the circumferential direction. The main rotary pusher 101 and the secondary rotary pusher 102 are respectively provided with three uniformly distributed slope raceways 201 in the monotonically changing direction. The ramps of the pusher 102 are arranged symmetrically to hold the spin pusher steel ball 301. The ramps of the main spin pusher 101 and the spin pusher support 103 are arranged symmetrically to hold the support steel ball 302. Through the relative rotation of the main spin pusher 101, the spin pusher support 103, and the auxiliary spin pusher 102, the support steel ball 302 and the spin pusher steel ball 301 roll in the corresponding ramps 201, thereby pushing the auxiliary spin pusher 102 to move axially.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the differential coupling unit is a bevel gear differential structure, including a first central gear 111, a second central gear 115, two planetary gears 119, a planetary carrier 112, a first speed control input terminal 110, a second speed control input terminal 116, and a speed control power output terminal 113; the gear ratio k of the first central gear 111 and the second central gear 115 is 1:1, and they are connected by two planetary gears 114, which are fixed to the planetary carrier 11 by bearings. The planetary shaft on 2 is rotatably connected; the first central gear 111 is fixedly connected to the first speed control input terminal 110; the second central gear 115 is connected to the second speed control input terminal 116; the rotational speeds of the first speed control input terminal 110, the second speed control input terminal 116 and the speed control power output terminal 113 are n1, n2 and n3 respectively, n3=k1·n1+k2·n2, k1=k / (1+k)=1 / 2, k2=1 / (1+k)=1 / 2.

[0050] Specifically, the two sets of rotary push units and the differential coupling unit are respectively connected to the primary cone disk unit and the secondary cone disk unit; wherein, the rotary push unit arranged on the primary cone disk unit includes a primary rotary push support 1, a primary support steel ball 2, a primary main rotary push 3, a primary rotary push steel ball 4, and a primary auxiliary rotary push 5. The primary auxiliary rotary push 5 is fixedly connected to the side of the primary moving cone disk 6 away from the primary fixed cone disk 8 or is integrally formed with the primary moving cone disk 6. The primary main rotary push 3... The first shaft is rotatably connected to a shaft 10 and located on the side of the first shaft auxiliary rotary push 5 away from the first shaft fixed cone disk 8. The first shaft rotary push support 1 is fixedly connected to a shaft 10 and located on the side of the first shaft main rotary push 3 away from the first shaft fixed cone disk 8. The slope raceways of the first shaft main rotary push 3 and the first shaft auxiliary rotary push 5 are arranged symmetrically to clamp the first shaft rotary push steel ball 4. The slope raceways of the first shaft main rotary push 3 and the first shaft rotary push support 1 are arranged symmetrically to clamp the first shaft support steel ball 2.

[0051] The rotary pusher unit arranged on the dual-axis conical disk unit includes a dual-axis auxiliary rotary pusher 33, a dual-axis rotary pusher steel ball 34, a dual-axis main rotary pusher 35, a dual-axis support steel ball 36, and a dual-axis rotary pusher support 37. The dual-axis auxiliary rotary pusher 33 is fixedly connected to the side of the dual-axis movable conical disk 32 away from the dual-axis fixed conical disk 31, or is integrally formed with the dual-axis movable conical disk 32. The dual-axis main rotary pusher 35 is rotatably connected to the dual-axis 30 and located far from the dual-axis auxiliary rotary pusher 33. On one side away from the two-axis fixed cone disk 31, the two-axis rotary pusher support 37 is fixedly connected to the two-axis 30 and located on the side of the two-axis main rotary pusher 35 away from the two-axis fixed cone disk 31. The two-axis main rotary pusher 35 and the two-axis auxiliary rotary pusher 33 are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner to clamp the two-axis rotary pusher steel ball 34. The two-axis main rotary pusher 35 and the two-axis rotary pusher support 37 are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner to clamp the two-axis support steel ball 36.

[0052] Among them, the differential coupling unit connected to the rotary push unit arranged on the one-axis cone disk unit is the one-axis differential coupling unit 15. Its first speed regulation input end, second speed regulation input end, and speed regulation power output end are respectively the one-axis first speed regulation input end 13, the one-axis second speed regulation input end 17, and the one-axis speed regulation power output end 16. The one-axis first speed regulation input end 13 is connected to the one-axis rotary push support 1 through the first gear pair 12 to realize the transmission connection with the first speed regulation power source 11. The one-axis second speed regulation input end 17 is connected to the speed regulation shaft 20 through the third gear pair 18 to realize the transmission connection with the second speed regulation power source 22. The one-axis speed regulation power output end 16 is connected to the one-axis main rotary push 3 through the second gear pair 14 to drive the one-axis main rotary push 3 to rotate.

[0053] The differential coupling unit connected to the rotary push unit arranged on the two-axis conical disk unit is a two-axis differential coupling unit 26. Its first speed regulation input end, second speed regulation input end, and speed regulation power output end are respectively a two-axis first speed regulation input end 28, a two-axis second speed regulation input end 24, and a two-axis speed regulation power output end 25. The two-axis first speed regulation input end 28 is connected to the two-axis rotary push support 37 through a sixth gear pair 29 to be connected to the first speed regulation power source 11. The two-axis second speed regulation input end 24 is connected to the speed regulation shaft 20 through a fourth gear pair 19, a speed regulation intermediate shaft 21, and a fifth gear pair 23 to be connected to the second speed regulation power source 22. The two-axis speed regulation power output end 25 is connected to the two-axis main rotary push 35 through a seventh gear pair 27 to drive the two-axis main rotary push 35 to rotate.

[0054] In general, the primary rotary pusher 3 and the secondary rotary pusher 35 are coaxially connected to the primary shaft 10 and the secondary shaft 30 in a rotatable manner, respectively; the secondary rotary pusher 5 and the secondary rotary pusher 5 are integrally formed or fixedly connected to the primary shaft moving cone disk 6 and the secondary shaft moving cone disk 32, respectively; the primary rotary pusher support 1 and the secondary rotary pusher support 37 are coaxially fixedly connected to the primary shaft 10 and the secondary shaft 30, respectively.

[0055] The first speed control input end 13 of the shaft is connected to the shaft rotary push support 1 through a first gear pair 12 with a transmission ratio of i1; the speed control power output end 16 of the shaft is connected to the main rotary push 3 of the shaft through a second gear pair 14 with a transmission ratio of i2; the second speed control input end 17 of the shaft is connected to the speed control shaft 20 through a third gear pair 18 with a transmission ratio of i3.

[0056] The two-axis conical disc unit is provided with a speed-regulating intermediate shaft 21, which is connected to the speed-regulating shaft 20 via a fourth gear pair 19 with a transmission ratio of i4; the second speed-regulating input end 24 of the two axes is connected to the speed-regulating intermediate shaft 21 via a fifth gear pair 23 with a transmission ratio of i5; the first speed-regulating input end 28 of the two axes is indirectly connected to the two-axis rotary thrust support 37 via a sixth gear pair 29 with a transmission ratio of i6; and the speed-regulating power output end 25 of the two axes is connected to the two-axis main rotary thrust 35 via a seventh gear pair 27 with a transmission ratio of i7.

[0057] Specifically, i3 = i4*i5, i1 = i6, i2 = i1 / 2, and i7 = i6 / 2 are respectively set to ensure that when the second speed-regulating power source 22 brakes, the rotational speed of the primary rotary pusher 3 and the secondary rotary pusher 5 of the first shaft are equal and in the same direction, and the rotational speed of the primary rotary pusher 35 and the secondary rotary pusher 33 of the second shaft are equal and in the same direction; that is, when the second speed-regulating power source rotates, the primary rotating cone disk 6 and the secondary rotating cone disk 32 can move axially synchronously and in the same direction to regulate speed; and when the second speed-regulating power source stops rotating, the speed-regulating shaft 20 can be locked by the worm gear structure to ensure that the speed of the first speed-regulating input end is zero.

[0058] In another embodiment, each of the above-mentioned gear pairs is replaced with a belt drive pair or a chain drive pair to achieve a transmission connection.

[0059] Specifically, the working principle of this planetary gear power coupling speed regulating device is as follows:

[0060] In the installed state, the first shaft support steel ball 2 and the first shaft rotary push steel ball 4 are at the low point of their corresponding slope raceway 201, the second shaft support steel ball 36 and the second shaft rotary push steel ball 34 are at the high point of their corresponding slope raceway 201, and the annular transmission component 7 is in the minimum rotation radius state in the first shaft conical disk unit and in the maximum rotation radius state in the second shaft conical disk unit. At this time, the continuously variable transmission gear ratio is at its maximum.

[0061] When the second speed-regulating power source 22 starts to rotate, and the rotation direction is the same as that of the first speed-regulating power source 11, the first-axis support steel ball 2 and the first-axis rotary push steel ball 4 roll up from their corresponding slope raceways 201 to the highest point, while the second-axis support steel ball 36 and the second-axis rotary push steel ball 34 roll back down from the slope raceways 201 to the lowest point. At this time, the first-axis moving cone disk 6 and the second-axis moving cone disk 32 move synchronously to the right, and the transmission speed ratio decreases.

[0062] When the second speed-regulating power source 22 starts to rotate, and the direction of rotation is opposite to the direction of rotation of the first speed-regulating power source 11, the first-axis support steel ball 2 and the first-axis rotary push steel ball 4 roll back down from their corresponding slope raceways 201 to the lowest point, while the second-axis support steel ball 36 and the second-axis rotary push steel ball 34 roll up from the slope raceways 201 to the highest point. At this time, the first-axis moving cone disk 6 and the second-axis moving cone disk 32 move synchronously to the left, and the transmission speed ratio increases.

[0063] When the second speed-regulating power source 22 is not working, and under the locking action of the worm gear 22a, the main rotary pusher 3 and the auxiliary rotary pusher 5 of the first shaft rotate at the same speed and in the same direction as the first shaft 10. Correspondingly, the main rotary pusher 35 and the auxiliary rotary pusher 33 of the second shaft rotate at the same speed and in the same direction as the second shaft 30, so that the transmission speed ratio remains unchanged, that is, no speed regulation is required.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] In this embodiment, the differential coupling unit in Embodiment 1 is replaced with a single planetary gear structure, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a sun gear 117, a planetary carrier 113, and a ring gear 118. The first speed control input terminal 110 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the sun gear 117, the second speed control input terminal 116 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the ring gear 118, and the speed control power output terminal 112 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the planetary carrier 113. The ratio of the number of teeth of the ring gear 118 to the number of teeth of the sun gear 117 is ρ = 2:1; n3 = k1·n1 + k2·n2, k1 = 1 / (1+ρ) = 1 / 3, k2 = ρ / (1+ρ) = 2 / 3; then i2 = i1 / 3, i7 = i6 / 3.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] In this embodiment, the rotary push unit in Embodiment 1 can be replaced with a lead screw structure. The main rotary push 101 is a lead screw nut; the auxiliary rotary push 102 is a lead screw screw, which is screwed together. The lead screw nut is coaxially abutted against the end face of the moving cone disk through a thrust bearing. It is worth emphasizing that the thrust bearing only rotates at a low speed synchronously with the lead screw during speed adjustment (i.e., the lead screw pushes the cone disk to move 30mm within 3 seconds, and the maximum speed of the thrust bearing is less than 30rpm), thus avoiding the drawbacks of using a high-speed thrust bearing.

[0068] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the shaft 10 is directly connected to the first speed control input end 13 of the shaft through the first gear pair 12, so as to input the power of the first speed control power source 11 to the shaft differential coupling unit 15.

[0069] The second shaft 30 is directly connected to the first speed control input terminal 28 of the second shaft through the sixth gear pair 29, so as to input the power of the first speed control power source 11 to the second shaft differential coupling unit 26.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, only one speed control system is set up, that is, it is set up in the two-axis cone disk unit and used to drive the two-axis moving cone disk 32 in the two-axis cone disk unit, and the thrust unit 9 is arranged on one side of the one-axis moving cone disk 5, and the thrust unit 9 can be specifically set as a disc spring assembly.

[0072] Specifically, the working principle of the speed regulation system in this embodiment is as follows:

[0073] In the installed state, the two-axis support steel ball 36 and the two-axis rotary push steel ball 34 are at the high point in their corresponding slope raceway 201, and the disc spring assembly of the thrust unit 9 is in a compressed state; correspondingly, the annular transmission component 7 is in the minimum rotation radius state in the one-axis cone disk unit and in the maximum rotation radius state in the two-axis cone disk unit. At this time, the continuously variable transmission gear ratio is at its maximum.

[0074] When the second speed-regulating power source 22 starts to rotate, and the direction of rotation is opposite to that of the first speed-regulating power source 11, the two-axis support steel ball 36 and the two-axis rotary push steel ball 34 roll back from the slope raceway 201 to the lower point. At the same time, under the thrust of the disc spring group of the thrust unit 9, the one-axis moving cone disk 6 and the two-axis moving cone disk 32 move synchronously to the right, and the transmission speed ratio becomes smaller.

[0075] When the second speed-regulating power source 22 rotates and the rotation direction is the same as that of the first speed-regulating power source 11, the two-axis support steel ball 36 and the two-axis rotary push steel ball 34 roll and climb from the slope raceway 201 to the higher point. Under the action of the speed regulation system thrust, the disc spring assembly of the thrust unit 9 is compressed, and the one-axis moving cone disk 6 and the two-axis moving cone disk 32 move to the left synchronously, and the transmission speed ratio increases.

[0076] When the second speed-regulating power source 22 is not working, and under the locking action of the worm gear 22a, the main rotary thrust 35 of the two shafts and the auxiliary rotary thrust 33 of the two shafts rotate at the same speed and in the same direction as the two shafts 30. The disc spring assembly of the thrust unit 9 is not subject to the thrust of the speed regulation system, so the transmission speed ratio remains unchanged, that is, no speed regulation.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the rotary thrust support 103 and the main rotary thrust 101 are rotatably connected by a low-speed thrust bearing (since the rotary thrust support 103 and the main rotary thrust 101 only rotate relative to each other during speed adjustment, and the main rotary thrust 101 does not move axially when connected by a thrust bearing, only a low-speed thrust bearing is required), or they are directly rotatably connected by surface contact lubricating oil.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of this technical solution, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A differential coupling speed regulating device for a cone-disc continuously variable transmission (CVT), comprising a primary cone-disc unit, a secondary cone-disc unit, an annular transmission component, a thrust unit, and a speed regulating system. Both the primary and secondary cone-disc units include a drive shaft and a fixed cone-disc and a movable cone-disc arranged coaxially with their conical surfaces facing each other on the drive shaft. The annular transmission component is clamped between the fixed and movable cone-discs of the primary and secondary cone-disc units to transmit power through rolling friction. The thrust unit provides the annular transmission component with the positive pressure required for transmitting power through rolling friction. The speed regulating system drives the movable cone-disc in the primary and / or secondary cone-disc units to move axially to adjust the transmission ratio. The drive shaft in the primary cone-disc unit is connected to an external main drive source. The device is characterized in that: The speed regulation system includes a first speed regulation power source, a second speed regulation power source, a rotary push unit, and a differential coupling unit. The first speed regulation power source is the main driving force source. The rotary push unit is used to convert its relative rotational motion with the moving cone disk into relative axial movement, and to push the one-axis moving cone disk or / and the two-axis moving cone disk to move axially to achieve speed regulation. The differential coupling unit includes a first speed control input terminal, a second speed control input terminal, and a speed control power output terminal. The first speed control power source is driven to the first speed control input terminal, the second speed control power source is driven to the second speed control input terminal, and the speed control power output terminal is driven to the rotary push unit. When the output speed of the second speed control power source is zero, the differential coupling unit makes the speed of the rotary push unit consistent with the speed of the moving cone disk.

2. The differential coupling speed regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotational speed n1 of the first speed control input terminal, the rotational speed n2 of the second speed control input terminal, and the rotational speed n3 of the speed control power output terminal satisfy the following relationship: n3=k1·n1+k2·n2, where k1 and k2 are non-zero constants determined by the structure of the differential coupling unit.

3. The differential coupling speed regulating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The differential coupling unit is a single-row planetary gear set, including a sun gear, a planet carrier, and a ring gear. The first speed control input terminal is connected to the sun gear, the second speed control input terminal is connected to the ring gear, and the speed control power output terminal is connected to the planet carrier. k1 = 1 / (1+ρ), k2 = ρ / (1+ρ), where ρ is the ratio of the number of teeth on the ring gear to the number of teeth on the sun gear; or The differential coupling unit is a differential structure, including a first center gear, a second center gear, and a planetary carrier. The first speed control input terminal is connected to the first center gear, the second speed control input terminal is connected to the second center gear, and the speed control power output terminal is connected to the planetary carrier. k1 = k / (1+k), k2 = 1 / (1+k), where k is the ratio of the number of teeth of the first center gear to the number of teeth of the second center gear.

4. The differential coupling speed regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary pusher unit and the differential coupling unit correspond one-to-one, and there are one or two rotary pusher units; When there is one rotary push unit, the rotary push unit is arranged on the transmission shaft on the moving cone side of the single-axis cone disk unit or the double-axis cone disk unit; When there are two rotary push units, the rotary push units are respectively arranged on the transmission shaft on the moving cone side of the one-axis cone disk unit and the two-axis cone disk unit.

5. The differential coupling speed regulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotary pusher unit includes a main rotary pusher and a secondary rotary pusher. The end faces of the main rotary pusher and the secondary rotary pusher are respectively provided with at least two uniformly distributed slope tracks with monotonically changing angles. The main rotary pusher and the secondary rotary pusher are centrally symmetrically and coaxially connected by rotary pusher steel balls clamped in the slope tracks. The main rotary pusher is circumferentially rotatably connected to the moving cone disk, and the secondary rotary pusher is circumferentially fixedly connected to the drive shaft, or integrally formed with the moving cone disk.

6. The differential coupling speed regulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotary pusher unit includes a main rotary pusher and a secondary rotary pusher. The secondary rotary pusher is a lead screw that is circumferentially fixedly connected to the drive shaft. The main rotary pusher is a lead screw nut that is helically connected to the lead screw and rotates in contact with the moving cone disc in a circumferential manner.

7. The differential coupling speed regulating device according to any one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that: When the rotational speed of the second speed control input terminal is zero, the ratio of the rotational speed of the main rotary pusher to that of the auxiliary rotary pusher is 1:1, and they rotate in the same direction.

8. The differential coupling speed regulating device according to any one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that: When there are two rotary push units, the second speed-regulating power source outputs to the first speed-regulating input terminal connected to the first shaft cone disk unit and the first speed-regulating input terminal connected to the second shaft cone disk unit at the same speed but in opposite directions.

9. The differential coupling speed regulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: When there are two rotary thrust units, the thrust unit is located outside the fixed cone disk of the one-axis cone disk unit or the two-axis cone disk unit; When there is one rotary thrust unit, the thrust unit is located on the outside of the moving cone disk in the single-axis cone disk unit or the double-axis cone disk unit that is not connected to the rotary thrust unit.

10. The differential coupling speed regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second speed-regulating power source is connected to the second speed-regulating input end via a worm gear structure.

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