Energy storage system and electric device

Abstract

The application discloses an energy storage system and an electric device, relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, and aims to solve the problem that when thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery cell in the prior energy storage system, the surrounding battery cells are adversely affected and secondary accidents are caused. The energy storage system provided by the application comprises a cabinet body, the cabinet body has a containing space, a battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells arranged in the containing space, each battery cell comprises a body and an explosion-proof valve connected to each other, an exhaust structure is arranged on the cabinet body and is used for forming an exhaust passage, a plurality of air inlets are arranged on the exhaust structure, the explosion-proof valve of each battery cell is connected to the exhaust passage through a corresponding air inlet, and a pressure relief structure is connected with the exhaust passage and is used for guiding the spray generated when the explosion-proof valve is relieved of pressure out of the exhaust passage. The application is used for avoiding the secondary accidents of the surrounding battery cells caused by the thermal runaway of a certain battery cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, specifically to an energy storage system and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage systems typically consist of a cabinet and battery modules housed within the cabinet. The battery modules are the core components of the energy storage system, capable of converting excess electrical energy from the grid into chemical energy for storage, and then converting the chemical energy back into electrical energy for release when needed.

[0003] The battery module includes multiple battery cells housed within the cabinet. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, it can affect surrounding battery cells, potentially causing a secondary accident. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an energy storage system and an electrical device that can solve the problem that when a cell in an existing energy storage system experiences thermal runaway, it can adversely affect surrounding cells and cause secondary accidents.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, firstly, the energy storage system provided in this application includes:

[0006] The cabinet provides storage space;

[0007] The battery module includes multiple battery cells housed within a housing space, each battery cell including a connected body and an explosion-proof valve;

[0008] The exhaust structure is located in the cabinet and is used to form an exhaust channel. The exhaust structure has multiple air inlets, and the explosion-proof valve of each battery cell is connected to the exhaust channel through the corresponding air inlet.

[0009] The pressure relief structure, connected to the exhaust channel, is used to discharge the ejected material generated when the explosion-proof valve is depressurized to the exhaust channel.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system has a first orientation;

[0011] The exhaust structure includes:

[0012] The baffle is positioned opposite to the side of the main body where the explosion-proof valve is located, and the baffle has a passage opening that communicates with the exhaust channel.

[0013] In the first direction, the first sealing element is disposed between the partition and the end face of the body where the explosion-proof valve is located. Multiple air inlets are opened on the first sealing element, and each explosion-proof valve is connected to the conduction port through the corresponding air inlet.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system further has a third direction, and the first direction intersects with the third direction;

[0015] Multiple battery cells are arranged along a third direction, and multiple air inlets are positioned opposite to corresponding explosion-proof valves;

[0016] In the third direction, at least two adjacent air inlets are connected to the same conduit, or there are multiple conduits, each connected to a different air inlet.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the cabinet includes an outer cabinet for defining a receiving space, and an inner cabinet disposed in the receiving space, wherein the inner cabinet and the outer cabinet are spaced apart to form an exhaust channel.

[0018] The inner cabinet has a first window formed on at least one side in the first direction, multiple battery cells are housed in the inner cabinet, a partition is provided at the first window, and a pressure relief structure is provided on the outer cabinet.

[0019] The second sealing element seals the connection between the partition and the first opening of the inner cabinet.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system further has a third direction, and the first direction intersects with the third direction;

[0021] The outer cabinet has a second window on at least one side in the third direction, and the inner cabinet has a third window on at least one side in the third direction. The cabinet includes a door panel, which covers both the second and third windows.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system further includes:

[0023] The third sealing element includes a first sealing portion and a second sealing portion;

[0024] The first sealing part seals the second opening of the door panel and the outer cabinet, and the second sealing part seals the third opening of the door panel and the inner cabinet.

[0025] In some embodiments of this application, the pressure relief structure includes an air inlet and an exhaust outlet on the outer cabinet. The air inlet is connected to the exhaust outlet through an exhaust channel, and the exhaust outlet is connected to the exhaust channel and the outside of the outer cabinet.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system further has a second direction that intersects with the first direction;

[0027] The outer cabinet includes an upper end plate and a lower end plate arranged opposite each other in the second direction, and two side plates arranged opposite each other in the first direction. The upper end plate, the lower end plate, and the two side plates work together to enclose the accommodating space.

[0028] The inner cabinet includes a top panel facing the upper end panel in the second direction;

[0029] The partition has an outer end face facing away from the battery module. The outer end face and the side plate facing it are spaced apart to form a first channel. The top plate and the upper end plate are spaced apart to form a second channel. The first channel and the second channel are connected to form an exhaust channel.

[0030] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system further has a second direction that intersects with the first direction;

[0031] The outer cabinet includes an upper end plate and a lower end plate for defining the boundary of the receiving space in the second direction, and two side plates for defining the boundary of the receiving space in the first direction.

[0032] The partition has an outer end face facing away from the battery module. The two ends of the partition in the second direction are respectively connected to the upper end plate and the lower end plate. The outer end face and the side plate facing it are spaced apart to form an exhaust channel.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the air inlet is located on the side plate facing the partition and is closer to the lower end plate than the upper end plate, and the exhaust port is located on the upper end plate.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system further includes:

[0035] A first opening / closing element is provided at the air inlet. The first opening / closing element is configured to selectively open or block the air inlet and is configured to adjust the air intake direction of the air inlet.

[0036] And / or,

[0037] A second opening / closing member is provided at the vent hole. The second opening / closing member is configured to selectively open or block the vent hole and is configured to adjust the venting direction of the vent hole.

[0038] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system further includes:

[0039] The flue gas detection module is located inside the exhaust channel;

[0040] The control module is electrically connected to the flue gas detection module and to the first opening and / or the second opening and closing component. The control module can receive the flue gas detection signal from the flue gas detection module and control the first opening and / or the second opening and closing component according to the flue gas detection signal.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the cabinet includes an outer cabinet, the interior of which is provided with a receiving space, and partitions are spaced apart from the outer cabinet;

[0042] Energy storage systems also include:

[0043] The collection structure is installed between the partition and the outer cabinet. The collection structure is used to collect the ejected material from the explosion-proof valve.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system further has a second direction that intersects with the first direction;

[0045] The outer cabinet includes an upper end plate and a lower end plate, which are located on both sides of the accommodating space in the second direction. The collection structure includes a groove provided in the lower end plate, with the groove opening facing the upper end plate.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system further includes:

[0047] A flow channel, located within the containment space, is used to direct the ejected material from the collection structure to the outside of the outer cabinet.

[0048] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system has intersecting second and third directions;

[0049] Multiple battery cells include battery cell groups arranged along a second direction, and each battery cell group includes multiple battery cells arranged along a third direction;

[0050] The exhaust structure includes multiple independent first sub-channels, each of which is connected to the explosion-proof valve of each cell in the corresponding cell group through an air inlet;

[0051] The cabinet has a second sub-channel, and a pressure relief structure is located on the cabinet. Each first sub-channel is connected to the second sub-channel to form an exhaust channel. The pressure relief structure is used to connect the second sub-channel to the outside of the cabinet.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, the cabinet includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate disposed opposite to each other in a second direction, and a column connected between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. The column has a hollow structure to form a second sub-channel, and a pressure relief structure is provided at one end of the column in the second direction near the upper cover plate.

[0053] In some embodiments of this application, each first sub-channel is connected between two columns, and the two columns connected to the two ends of the first sub-channel are hollow to form a second sub-channel.

[0054] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system has a first direction, and the first direction, a second direction, and a third direction intersect each other;

[0055] The exhaust structure includes:

[0056] Multiple exhaust pipes, each with a first sub-channel, are positioned opposite to the corresponding battery cell assembly, and each exhaust pipe has an air inlet.

[0057] The fourth seal is located between the exhaust pipe and the end face of the body equipped with the explosion-proof valve in the first direction, and has multiple clearance ports. The explosion-proof valve of each cell in each group of cells is connected to the air inlet on the corresponding exhaust pipe through the corresponding clearance port.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system has a first orientation;

[0059] The cabinet includes two outer end plates arranged opposite each other in the first direction, the battery module is located between the two outer end plates, each outer end plate is used to form an exhaust structure and has a cavity forming an exhaust channel, the pressure relief structure and each air inlet are located on the outer end plate.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, each air inlet is located on the side of the outer end plate facing the battery module, and the pressure relief structure is located on the side of the outer end plate facing away from the battery module.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, the exhaust structure includes:

[0062] The fifth sealing element is located between the outer end plate and the end face of the body where the explosion-proof valve is located in the first direction. The fifth sealing element has multiple hollow openings, and the explosion-proof valve of each cell is connected to the corresponding air inlet through the corresponding hollow opening.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage system further has a second direction that intersects with the first direction;

[0064] The cabinet includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate arranged opposite each other in the second direction, and two outer end plates arranged opposite each other in the first direction;

[0065] The upper cover plate, the lower cover plate, and the two outer end plates cooperate to enclose the receiving space. At least one of the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate, and the two outer end plates is made of thermal insulation material; or, at least one of the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate, and the two outer end plates has a thermal insulation board on the side surface facing or away from the receiving space.

[0066] Secondly, the electrical device provided in this application includes electrical equipment and an energy storage system as described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the energy storage system is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0067] The above-mentioned technical solution of this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0068] Using the above technical solution, the exhaust structure has multiple air inlets, and the explosion-proof valve of each battery cell is connected to the exhaust channel through its corresponding air inlet. Therefore, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the ejected material inside mainly enters the exhaust channel through its corresponding air inlet. This directional exhaust method allows the ejected material to be discharged along a preset path, preventing the ejected material inside the thermally runaway battery cell from directly impacting surrounding battery cells, thereby reducing the risk of secondary accidents to surrounding battery cells to a certain extent. Attached Figure Description

[0069] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0070] Figure 1 This is one of the exploded views of an energy storage system in the embodiments of this application;

[0071] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the energy storage system in the embodiment shown;

[0072] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the exhaust structure in the energy storage system shown in the embodiment;

[0073] Figure 4 This is the second exploded view of an energy storage system in the embodiments of this application;

[0074] Figure 5 This is the third exploded view of an energy storage system in the embodiments of this application;

[0075] Figure 6 This is one of the exploded views of another energy storage system in the embodiments of this application;

[0076] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A perspective view of the exhaust pipe in the energy storage system shown in the embodiment;

[0077] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of another energy storage system in the embodiments of this application;

[0078] Figure 9 This is a second exploded view of another energy storage system in the embodiments of this application;

[0079] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of yet another energy storage system in the embodiments of this application;

[0080] Figure 11This is an exploded view of the exhaust structure in another energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0081] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0082] 1-Cabinet body; 1a-Outer cabinet body; 11a-Second window; 12a-Top panel; 13a-Lower panel; 14a-Side panel; 1b-Inner cabinet body; 11b-First window; 12b-Third window; 13b-Top panel; 11-Accommodation space; 12-Door panel; 11c-Top cover; 12c-Lower cover; 13c-Upright column; 14c-Outer side panel; 15c-Front cover; 16c-Rear cover; 2-Battery module; 21-Battery cell; 211-Body body; 212-Explosion-proof valve; 3-Exhaust structure; 31-Exhaust channel; 311-First channel; 312-Second channel; 32- Air inlet; 33-Block; 331-Guide port; 332-Outer end face; 34-First seal; 35-Exhaust pipe; 351-Guide port; 36-Fifth seal; 361-Hollow opening; 4-Pressure relief structure; 41-Air inlet; 42-Exhaust port; 5-Second seal; 6-Third seal; 61-First sealing part; 62-Second sealing part; 7-Fourth seal; 71-Avoidance opening; 8-First opening and closing part; 9-Second opening and closing part; 10-Smoke detection module; 20-Collection structure; 30-Guide channel; X-First direction; Z-Second direction; Y-Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0083] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0084] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0085] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0086] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0087] This application provides an energy storage system and an electrical device, which will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the order of description of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis; parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to in the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0088] Energy storage systems can store excess electricity when renewable energy generation is in surplus (such as solar power generation when there is plenty of sunshine or wind power generation when there is strong wind), and release electricity when renewable energy generation is insufficient (such as nighttime when there is no sun or weak wind), making the output of renewable energy more stable and reliable, and increasing the proportion of renewable energy in the power supply.

[0089] Energy storage systems typically consist of a cabinet and battery modules housed within the cabinet. The battery modules are the core components of the energy storage system, capable of converting excess electrical energy from the grid into chemical energy for storage, and then converting the chemical energy back into electrical energy for release when needed.

[0090] The battery module includes multiple battery cells housed within the cabinet. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, it can affect the surrounding battery cells, thereby increasing the thermal runaway safety risk of the battery module.

[0091] Therefore, designing effective safety protection measures for battery modules is particularly important. In the event of thermal runaway in a battery cell, effectively preventing the impact of a single point of thermal runaway on surrounding cells is a key design challenge. At the same time, implementing "gas-electricity separation" and "liquid-electricity separation" in the design can significantly improve the safety of energy storage systems.

[0092] Therefore, this embodiment provides an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes a cabinet, battery modules, an exhaust structure, and a pressure relief structure. The cabinet has a receiving space, and the battery modules include multiple battery cells disposed within the receiving space. Each battery cell includes a connected body and an explosion-proof valve. The exhaust structure is located within the cabinet to form an exhaust channel, and has multiple air inlets. The explosion-proof valve of each battery cell is connected to the exhaust channel through a corresponding air inlet. The pressure relief structure is connected to the exhaust channel to discharge any ejected material generated when the explosion-proof valve is depressurized.

[0093] Using the above technical solution, the exhaust structure has multiple air inlets, and the explosion-proof valve of each battery cell is connected to the exhaust channel through its corresponding air inlet. Therefore, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the ejected material mainly enters the exhaust channel through its corresponding air inlet. This directional exhaust method allows the ejected material to be discharged along a preset path, preventing the ejected material from directly impacting surrounding battery cells, thus reducing the secondary impact on surrounding battery cells to a certain extent. In other words, after the ejected material from the thermal runaway battery cell enters the exhaust channel through its corresponding air inlet, it is isolated from surrounding battery cells, preventing the ejected material from directly spreading to surrounding battery cells and causing a secondary accident. This will be explained in detail below.

[0094] Please refer to Figures 1-3 Assume that the energy storage system has a first direction X, a second direction Z, and a third direction Y that intersect each other. The first direction X, the second direction Z, and the third direction Y intersect each other and are ideally perpendicular to each other. However, in practical applications, the angle between two approximately perpendicular directions can be between 85° and 95°.

[0095] The energy storage system includes a cabinet 1, a battery module 2, a venting structure 3, and a pressure relief structure 4. The cabinet 1 has a housing space 11. The battery module 2 includes multiple battery cells 21 housed within the housing space 11. Each battery cell 21 includes a connected body 211 and an explosion-proof valve 212. During battery use, especially under abnormal conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, short circuits, or internal thermal runaway, a large amount of gas and heat will be generated inside the battery cell, causing a rapid increase in internal pressure. The explosion-proof valve 212 is designed so that when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a certain threshold, the valve will automatically open to release the high-pressure gas inside the cell, thereby reducing the internal pressure and preventing the cell from exploding.

[0096] An exhaust structure 3 is installed in the cabinet 1 to form an exhaust channel 31. The exhaust structure 3 has multiple air inlets 32, and the explosion-proof valves 212 of each battery cell 21 are connected to the exhaust channel 31 through their corresponding air inlets 32. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the ejected material inside it mainly enters the exhaust channel 31 through its corresponding air inlet 32. This directional exhaust method allows the ejected material to be discharged along a preset path, preventing the ejected material from directly impacting surrounding battery cells, thus reducing the secondary impact on surrounding battery cells to a certain extent. In other words, after the ejected material from the thermal runaway battery cell enters the exhaust channel through its corresponding air inlet 32, it will be isolated from surrounding battery cells, preventing the ejected material from directly spreading to surrounding battery cells.

[0097] The pressure relief structure 4 is connected to the exhaust channel 31 to discharge the ejected material generated when the explosion-proof valve 212 is depressurized to the exhaust channel 31. This can reduce the concentration of flammable gas or high-energy substances inside the cabinet to a certain extent, further reduce the risk of secondary explosion, and ensure the safety of the energy storage system under abnormal conditions.

[0098] This application can be understood as follows: by setting up an exhaust structure and a pressure relief structure inside the cabinet, the explosion-proof valves of each battery cell are connected to the exhaust channel through their respective air inlets, thereby achieving rapid collection and orderly discharge of ejected materials. This effectively prevents secondary damage or fire caused by the spread of ejected materials inside the cabinet and reduces the thermal runaway safety risk of the battery module.

[0099] The exhaust structure 3 includes a baffle 33 and a first sealing element 34. The baffle 33 is positioned opposite the end face of the main body 211 where the explosion-proof valve 212 is located, and the baffle 33 has a guide port 331 communicating with the exhaust channel 31. In the first direction X, the first sealing element 34 is located between the baffle 33 and the end face of the main body 211 where the explosion-proof valve 212 is located. Multiple air inlets 32 are opened on the first sealing element 34, and each explosion-proof valve 212 is connected to the guide port 331 through its corresponding air inlet 32. In this way, the first sealing element 34 can form an effective seal between the baffle 33 and the main body 211, preventing gas from leaking from the gap between the baffle 33 and the main body 211, and ensuring that gas can only enter the guide port 331 through the air inlet 32 ​​and then flow into the exhaust channel 31. This sealing design improves the sealing performance of the entire exhaust structure, avoids gas leakage from affecting other components inside the cabinet 1, and also ensures the stability and controllability of the exhaust process.

[0100] Please refer to section 1. Multiple battery cells 21 are arranged along the third direction Y. Multiple air inlets 32 are positioned opposite to corresponding explosion-proof valves 212. In the third direction Y, at least two adjacent air inlets 32 are connected to the same conductive port 331, or there are multiple conductive ports 331, each of which is connected to a different air inlet 32.

[0101] When at least two adjacent air inlets 32 are connected to the same through-hole 331, the number of through-holes 331 can be reduced. This means that when manufacturing the exhaust structure 3, the number of openings on the baffle 33 required is reduced, the processing technology is relatively simple, and thus the manufacturing cost is reduced. When there are multiple through-holes 331, and each through-hole 331 is connected to a different air inlet 32, the exhaust path of each battery cell 21 can be relatively independent, and more precise exhaust control can be performed according to the specific situation of each battery cell.

[0102] For example, battery module 2 includes multiple cell groups arranged along a second direction Z, and each cell group includes multiple cells 21 arranged along a third direction Y. This application Figure 1 The diagram only shows an embodiment where all air inlets 32 arranged in the third direction Y are connected to the same conduit 331. In other words, the explosion-proof valves of multiple cells 21 in each cell group are connected to the same conduit 331. The number of cell groups is equal to the number of conduits 331.

[0103] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 4 The cabinet 1 includes an outer cabinet 1a defining a receiving space 11, and an inner cabinet 1b disposed within the receiving space 11. The inner cabinet 1b and the outer cabinet 1a are spaced apart to form an exhaust channel 31. The inner cabinet 1b has a first opening 11b on at least one side in a first direction X. Multiple battery cells 21 are housed within the inner cabinet 1b. A partition 33 is disposed at the first opening 11b, and a pressure relief structure 4 is disposed on the outer cabinet 1a. A second sealing member 5 seals the partition 33 and the first opening 11b of the inner cabinet 1b. The spaced arrangement of the inner cabinet 1b and the outer cabinet 1a to form the exhaust channel 31, and the multiple battery cells 21 housed within the inner cabinet 1b, means that the inner cabinet 1b can provide independent installation space for multiple battery cells 21 (battery module 2), effectively isolating thermally runaway cells from other normal cells, preventing the spread of thermal runaway, and avoiding a chain reaction of the entire battery module caused by the failure of a single cell.

[0104] Meanwhile, the second seal 5 seals the connection between the partition 33 and the first opening 11b of the inner cabinet 1b, effectively preventing gas leakage from the connection between the partition 33 and the inner cabinet 1b. Maintaining the airtightness of the exhaust channel 31 during the exhaust process is crucial, ensuring that gas exits along the designed path and preventing gas leakage into other areas inside the cabinet, thus avoiding potential damage to other battery cells and equipment.

[0105] like Figure 5As shown, the outer cabinet 1a has a second window 11a on at least one side in the third direction Y, and the inner cabinet 1b has a third window 12b on at least one side in the third direction Y. The cabinet 1 includes a door panel 12, which covers both the second window 11a and the third window 12b, providing a convenient passage for the inspection and maintenance of the equipment inside the cabinet 1. Maintenance personnel can directly observe and operate the area between the inner cabinet 1b and the outer cabinet 1a, as well as the relevant equipment inside the inner cabinet 1b, by opening the door panel 12. For example, when checking the working status and sealing of the exhaust channel 31, or when performing regular inspections of the battery module 2, there is no need for large-scale disassembly of the cabinet; the relevant operations can be performed simply by opening the door panel, improving the efficiency of maintenance and repair.

[0106] The third sealing element 6 includes a first sealing part 61 and a second sealing part 62. The first sealing part 61 seals the second opening 11a connecting the door panel 12 and the outer cabinet 1a, while the second sealing part 62 seals the third opening 12b connecting the door panel 12 and the inner cabinet 1b. This dual-sealing design effectively prevents external air, moisture, dust, and other impurities from entering the interior of the inner cabinet 1b through the second opening 11a and the third opening 12b. For example, in humid environments, a good seal can prevent moisture from entering the cabinet, preventing damage to the battery module 2 and other components due to moisture, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the entire energy storage system. In this embodiment, the first sealing part 61 and the second sealing part 62 can be an integrated structure. When installing the door panel 12, simply align the integrated first sealing element 6 with the second opening 11a and the third opening 12b, and then fix it to complete the sealing operation of the two openings. Compared to installing two separate sealing elements, this reduces installation steps and time costs.

[0107] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 The pressure relief structure 4 includes an air inlet and an exhaust outlet located on the outer cabinet 1a. The air inlet is connected to the exhaust outlet via an exhaust channel 31, and the exhaust outlet connects the exhaust channel 31 to the outside of the outer cabinet 1a. This allows the large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway in the battery cells of the battery module 2 to be smoothly discharged from the inside of the cabinet. By rationally designing the size, number, and location of the air inlet and exhaust outlet, the gas discharge speed and flow rate can be controlled, preventing a rapid increase in internal pressure and thus preventing serious safety accidents such as explosions caused by the cabinet being unable to withstand excessive pressure, ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage system.

[0108] Alternatively, the pressure relief structure 4 may include multiple pressure relief channels, each with its own air intake and exhaust sections, and different opening sizes, shapes, and positions can be configured as needed. Alternatively, the pressure relief structure 4 may employ an automatically or manually controlled valve, which can automatically open or close based on a preset pressure threshold or other conditions, or be manually controlled by an operator.

[0109] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the outer cabinet 1a includes an upper end plate 12a and a lower end plate 13a arranged opposite each other in the second direction Z, and two side plates 14a arranged opposite each other in the first direction X. The upper end plate 12a, the lower end plate 13a, and the two side plates 14a cooperate to enclose an accommodating space 11. The inner cabinet 1b includes a top plate 13b facing the upper end plate 12a in the second direction Z. The partition 33 has an outer end face 332 facing away from the battery module 2. The outer end face 332 is spaced apart from the side plate 14a facing it to form a first channel 311. The top plate 13b is spaced apart from the upper end plate 12a to form a second channel 312. The first channel 311 and the second channel 312 are connected to form an exhaust channel 31. The exhaust channel 31 is formed using the existing structural components of the outer cabinet 1a and the inner cabinet 1b, without the need for additional complex pipes or structures, making the overall structure of the cabinet more compact and reasonable. The exhaust function is achieved in a limited space, which also facilitates the installation and layout of the cabinet and improves the space utilization rate. During installation, simply place the partition 33 and the inner cabinet 1b in place according to the design requirements to form an exhaust channel.

[0110] Furthermore, this design ensures a large flow area in the exhaust channels, providing a more spacious flow path for gases generated inside the cabinet. When abnormal conditions such as thermal runaway occur in the cells of battery module 2, a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas is generated. The larger flow area of ​​the exhaust channels reduces the flow resistance of the gas within the channels, allowing the gas to be discharged from the cabinet more quickly through the first channel 311 and the second channel 312. This effectively reduces the rate of pressure rise inside the cabinet, preventing safety accidents such as cabinet explosions caused by excessive pressure buildup. For example, in some extreme cases, the battery module may generate a gas volume far exceeding normal levels. The larger flow area of ​​the exhaust channels better handles such emergencies, ensuring that a large amount of gas can be discharged smoothly in a short time, preventing gas accumulation inside the cabinet and excessive pressure, and ensuring the safety and stability of the energy storage system.

[0111] In other embodiments of this application, the outer cabinet 1a includes an upper end plate 12a and a lower end plate 13a in the second direction Z for defining the boundary of the accommodating space 11, and two side plates 14a in the first direction X for defining the boundary of the accommodating space 11. The partition 33 has an outer end face 332 facing away from the battery module 2. The two ends of the partition 33 in the second direction Z are respectively connected to the upper end plate 12a and the lower end plate 13a. The outer end face 332 and the side plate 14a facing it are spaced apart to form an exhaust channel 31.

[0112] By connecting the upper end plate 12a and the lower end plate 13a to the two ends of the partition 33 in the second direction Z, a more stable connection structure can be formed between the partition 33 and the outer cabinet 1a. This connection method can better disperse the pressure that may be generated inside the cabinet. For example, when the battery module 2 experiences abnormal conditions such as thermal runaway, the internal pressure rises sharply. The stable structure can withstand greater pressure without easily deforming or being damaged, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire cabinet structure. In addition, the tight connection between the partition 33 and the outer cabinet 1a forms a relatively independent exhaust area, which can better isolate the battery module 2 from other parts.

[0113] The air inlet is located on the side plate 14a facing the partition 33, and is closer to the lower end plate 13a than the upper end plate 12a. The exhaust port is located on the upper end plate 12a. In other words, the air inlet is closer to the lower end plate 13a, and the exhaust port is located on the upper end plate 12a, utilizing the principle of hot air rising. When the battery module 2 malfunctions and generates gas, the gas will naturally rise after being heated inside the cabinet. The gas entering the exhaust channel 31 from the air inlet near the lower end plate 13a can flow more smoothly to the exhaust port located on the upper end plate 12a during its ascent, forming a natural airflow guidance, which helps to improve exhaust efficiency.

[0114] The energy storage system also includes a first opening / closing element 8 and / or a second opening / closing element 9. The first opening / closing element 8 is located at the air inlet and is configured to selectively open or close the air inlet, and is also configured to adjust the air intake direction of the air inlet. The second opening / closing element 9 is located at the exhaust outlet and is configured to selectively open or close the exhaust outlet, and is also configured to adjust the exhaust direction of the exhaust outlet. For example, the first opening / closing element 8 and the second opening / closing element 9 can be a grille structure or a louver structure.

[0115] Therefore, during normal operation of battery module 2, the first opening / closing component 8 can block the air inlet, and the second opening / closing component 9 can block the exhaust outlet, preventing external dust, moisture, impurities, etc., from entering the cabinet 1 through the air inlet and avoiding damage to battery module 2 and other components. When battery module 2 experiences abnormal conditions such as thermal runaway, the first opening / closing component 8 and the second opening / closing component 9 can open the air inlet and exhaust outlet in a timely manner according to the actual situation, ensuring that gas can be discharged smoothly, reducing the internal pressure of the cabinet, and preventing serious safety accidents such as explosions due to excessive pressure.

[0116] For example, the first opening / closing component 8 can adjust the air intake direction of the air inlet, and the second opening / closing component 9 can adjust the exhaust direction of the exhaust port. This allows for precise control of the air intake and exhaust directions based on the internal gas flow and actual needs. For instance, by adjusting the air intake direction of the air inlet using the first opening / closing component 8, the air entering the cabinet 1 can more effectively remove the heat generated by the battery module 2. For example, when a certain area of ​​the battery module 2 has a high temperature, the first opening / closing component 8 can be adjusted to direct the air intake towards that area, increasing the airflow speed in that area, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency, maintaining the battery module 2 within a suitable operating temperature range, and extending its service life. During exhaust, adjusting the exhaust direction of the exhaust port using the second opening / closing component 9 ensures that hot air and any potentially harmful gases are expelled from the cabinet more quickly and smoothly, and guides high-temperature, high-pressure gases in a specific direction for discharge, avoiding impact on other components.

[0117] like Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage system also includes a flue gas detection module 10 and a control module. The flue gas detection module 10 is located within the exhaust channel 31. The control module is electrically connected to the flue gas detection module 10 and to the first opening / closing member 8 and / or the second opening / closing member 9. The control module can receive the flue gas detection signal from the flue gas detection module 10 and control the first opening / closing member 8 and / or the second opening / closing member 9 according to the flue gas detection signal. For example, the flue gas detection module 10 includes at least one of a smoke detector, a gas sensor, and a pressure sensor. The flue gas detection module 10 is located within the exhaust channel 31 and can monitor in real time whether the gas discharged from the battery module 2 contains flue gas. Once flue gas is detected, it indicates that the battery module 2 may have experienced thermal runaway or other abnormal conditions. At this time, the control module can precisely control the opening degree of the first opening / closing member 8 and / or the second opening / closing member 9, as well as the direction of air intake and exhaust, according to the flue gas detection signal. This real-time monitoring and rapid response mechanism can take timely measures to prevent abnormal situations from worsening, such as avoiding serious safety accidents like explosions caused by excessive internal pressure, thus greatly improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0118] The cabinet 1 includes an outer cabinet 1a, with an internal receiving space 11. A partition 33 is spaced apart from the outer cabinet 1a. The energy storage system also includes a collection structure 20, installed between the partition 33 and the outer cabinet 1a. The collection structure 20 collects liquid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 212. When a cell in the battery module 2 experiences thermal runaway or other abnormalities, the liquid ejected from the explosion-proof valve 212 may be corrosive, conductive, or otherwise hazardous. The collection structure 20 effectively intercepts and collects this liquid ejection, preventing its indiscriminate spread within the cabinet. For example, it prevents the liquid ejection from contacting other cells, electrical wiring, or control equipment, thereby reducing safety hazards such as short circuits and corrosion caused by liquid substances and ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage system. Furthermore, because the collection structure 20 prevents the liquid ejection from corroding and damaging the equipment, the equipment inside the cabinet can operate in a relatively clean and safe environment, helping to extend the equipment's service life.

[0119] The outer cabinet 1a includes an upper end plate 12a and a lower end plate 13a, which are located on opposite sides of the accommodating space 11 in the second direction Z. The collecting structure 20 includes a groove in the lower end plate 13a, with the groove opening facing the upper end plate 12a. Since the groove opening faces the upper end plate 12a, when the explosion-proof valve 212 sprays liquid, the liquid will naturally flow towards the lower end plate 13a under gravity and fall into the groove. This design fully utilizes gravity, allowing the liquid to flow more smoothly and quickly into the collecting structure, improving collection efficiency. The groove design is relatively simple and can be easily achieved through conventional processing techniques (such as stamping and casting) when manufacturing the lower end plate 13a. Compared to complex collecting structures, this simple groove shape and layout does not require special molds or complex processing steps, reducing manufacturing costs and difficulty. In other embodiments, the collecting structure 20 may also be the upper surface of the lower end plate 13a. In some other embodiments, the collection structure 20 may also be a collection box disposed on the lower end plate 13a.

[0120] The energy storage system also includes a flow channel 30. The flow channel 30 is located within the receiving space 11 to guide ejected materials from the collection structure 20 (e.g., a groove) to the outside of the outer cabinet 1a. These ejected materials may be flammable, explosive, or toxic, and their accumulation inside the cabinet increases the risk of safety accidents such as fires, explosions, or poisoning. The design of the flow channel 30 enables the timely removal of these hazardous ejected materials from the cabinet, reducing the concentration of harmful substances inside the cabinet, decreasing the likelihood of safety accidents, and ensuring the safety of personnel and the surrounding environment. Simultaneously, the flow channel 30 concentrates and guides the ejected materials to the outside of the outer cabinet 1a, allowing maintenance personnel to collect and handle the ejected materials uniformly from outside the cabinet, greatly reducing the difficulty and workload of maintenance and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0121] Please refer to Figures 6-8 The multiple battery cells 21 include battery cell groups arranged along the second direction Z, and each battery cell group includes multiple battery cells 21 arranged along the third direction Y. The exhaust structure 3 includes multiple independent first sub-channels, and each first sub-channel is connected to the explosion-proof valve 212 (see reference numerals) of each battery cell 21 in the corresponding battery cell group through an air inlet 32. Figure 9 The cabinet 1 has a second sub-channel, and a pressure relief structure 4 is installed on the cabinet 1. Each first sub-channel is connected to the second sub-channel to form an exhaust channel 31. The pressure relief structure 4 is used to connect the second sub-channel to the outside of the cabinet 1. That is, the first sub-channel is provided with multiple air inlets, and each air inlet on the first sub-channel is connected to the explosion-proof valve 212 of each battery cell 21 in the corresponding battery cell group.

[0122] Multiple independent first sub-channels are connected to the explosion-proof valves 212 of each cell 21 in the corresponding cell group via air inlets 32. This design allows the gas generated by each cell to be discharged through its corresponding channel. When a cell experiences an abnormality (such as thermal runaway), the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated inside can be quickly discharged through the first sub-channel connected to it, avoiding mutual interference and mixing of gases between different cells, achieving precise positioning and venting, and improving venting efficiency. In addition, a pressure relief structure 4 is provided on the cabinet 1, and each first sub-channel is connected to a second sub-channel to form an exhaust channel 31. Finally, the gas is discharged to the outside of the cabinet through the pressure relief structure 4, ensuring that the gas generated inside the cabinet can be discharged in a timely manner and preventing gas accumulation inside the cabinet. That is, by timely venting, the pressure inside the cabinet can be reduced to a certain extent, preventing excessive pressure in the cabinet and dangerous situations such as explosions.

[0123] The cabinet 1 includes an upper cover plate 11c and a lower cover plate 12c arranged opposite each other in the second direction Z, and a column 13c connected between the upper cover plate 11c and the lower cover plate 12c. The column 13c has a hollow structure to form a second sub-channel, and a pressure relief structure 4 is provided at the end of the column 13c in the second direction Z near the upper cover plate 11c. The upper cover plate 11c, the lower cover plate 12c, and the column 13c together constitute the basic frame structure of the cabinet. For example, there are four columns 13c, with the upper cover plate 11c connected to the top of each column 13c and the lower cover plate 12c connected to the bottom of each column 13c.

[0124] The hollow structure of the column 13c not only reduces the weight of the cabinet but also provides space for the formation of a second sub-channel within it. A pressure relief structure 4 is located at the end of the column 13c near the top cover 11c, allowing the column to function as a support while also better cooperating with the pressure relief structure. When the internal pressure of the cabinet increases, gas can quickly flow to the pressure relief structure through the second sub-channel within the column, while the column itself, as a support structure, ensures that the stability of the cabinet remains unaffected by the gas flow. Specifically, gas generated by multiple battery cells can converge into the second sub-channel through their respective first sub-channels and then be discharged to the outside of the cabinet through the pressure relief structure 4 located at the end of the column near the top cover. In this embodiment, the pressure relief structure 4 can be a pressure relief hole or a weak point. If the pressure relief structure 4 is a weak point, gas will only break through the weak point and be discharged to the outside of the cabinet when the pressure in the second sub-channel reaches the design threshold.

[0125] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, each first sub-channel extends along a third direction (Y) and connects between two columns 13c. The two columns 13c connected to the two ends of each first sub-channel are hollow to form a second sub-channel. When gas is generated by the battery cell, the gas can flow smoothly along the first sub-channel into the hollow column 13c (second sub-channel). The second sub-channel formed by the two columns 13c increases the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust channel. Compared to a single channel, this design can accommodate a larger gas flow rate, thus more effectively expelling gas from the cabinet in the event of abnormal conditions in the battery cell (such as thermal runaway generating a large amount of gas), reducing the internal pressure of the cabinet, and minimizing safety risks caused by excessive pressure.

[0126] In some embodiments of this application, the exhaust structure 3 includes a plurality of exhaust pipes 35 and a fourth sealing element 7. Each exhaust pipe 35 has a first sub-channel and is disposed opposite to the corresponding battery cell assembly. Each exhaust pipe 35 has an air inlet 32 ​​(see reference numerals). Figure 7In the first direction X, the fourth seal 7 is located between the exhaust pipe 35 and the end face of the body 211 where the explosion-proof valve 212 is located, and has multiple clearance ports 71. The explosion-proof valve 212 of each cell 21 in each cell group is connected to the air inlet 32 ​​on the corresponding exhaust pipe 35 through the corresponding clearance port 71. Each exhaust pipe can be designed and installed independently, facilitating cooperation and connection with other components (such as cell groups, the fourth seal 7, etc.). The fourth seal 7, located between the exhaust pipe 35 and the end face of the body 211 where the explosion-proof valve 212 is located, can effectively prevent gas leakage from the gap between the exhaust pipe 35 and the cell group. Maintaining the airtightness of the exhaust channel during the exhaust process is crucial, as it ensures that the gas is discharged along the designed path, preventing gas leakage into other areas inside the cabinet and potential damage to other cells and equipment. Each exhaust pipe 35 has a conduction port 351 at both ends, and each conduction port 351 is connected to the second sub-channel in the two columns 13c.

[0127] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the cabinet 1 includes two outer end plates 14c arranged opposite each other in the first direction X. The battery module 2 is located between the two outer end plates 14c. Each outer end plate 14c forms an exhaust structure 3 and has a cavity forming an exhaust channel 31. The pressure relief structure 4 and each air inlet 32 ​​are all located on the outer end plate 14c. The exhaust channel 31 formed by the cavity on the outer end plate 14c has a large space, which can accommodate more gas flow. When the battery module 2 experiences an abnormal situation (such as thermal runaway) and generates a large amount of gas, the large exhaust channel can quickly discharge the gas from the cabinet, effectively reducing the pressure inside the cabinet and preventing safety accidents caused by excessive pressure, thus enhancing the safety and reliability of the energy storage system. At the same time, the pressure relief structure 4 and each air inlet 32 ​​are all located on the outer end plate 14c, which makes the structure of the cabinet simpler. This design reduces the number of pipe connections and components, reduces the complexity of the structure, and facilitates the manufacturing, installation, and maintenance of the cabinet.

[0128] Optionally, each air inlet 32 ​​is located on the end face of the outer end plate 14c facing the battery module 2, and the pressure relief structure 4 is located on the end face of the outer end plate 14c facing away from the battery module 2. This allows the gas generated by the battery module 2 to directly enter the air inlet via the shortest path, reducing the detour and obstruction of the gas inside the cabinet, thereby improving exhaust efficiency. The gas can flow more smoothly from the cell assembly to the air inlet and into the exhaust channel 31 formed by the outer end plate 14c. The pressure relief structure 4 is located on the end face facing away from the battery module 2. When the pressure inside the cabinet increases due to abnormal conditions of the battery module (such as thermal runaway), the gas flows through the exhaust channel 31 to the pressure relief structure 4 and is discharged from the cabinet. This design can prevent high-temperature, high-pressure, or potentially harmful gases from directly impacting the battery module 2 during the pressure relief process, reducing potential damage to the battery module and other internal equipment, and lowering the risk of internal contamination.

[0129] The exhaust structure 3 includes a fifth seal 36. In the first direction X, the fifth seal 36 is located between the outer end plate 14c and the end face of the body 211 where the explosion-proof valve 212 is located. The fifth seal 36 has multiple perforations 361, and the explosion-proof valve 212 of each battery cell 21 is connected to the corresponding air inlet 32 ​​through the corresponding perforation 361. The fifth seal 36 is located between the outer end plate 14c and the body 211, which can effectively fill the gap between the two and prevent gas from leaking from these gaps. The design of the perforations 361 allows the explosion-proof valve 212 of each battery cell 21 to be connected to the air inlet 32 ​​through the corresponding perforation. The fifth seal 36 can seal and protect the area around the perforations, so that the gas generated by each battery cell can be independently connected to the air inlet 32 ​​through the corresponding perforation 361, avoiding interference between different battery cells.

[0130] In this embodiment, the pressure relief structure 4 can be a pressure relief hole or a weak point. When the pressure relief structure 4 is a weak point, the gas will only break through the weak point and be discharged to the outside of the cabinet when the pressure in the exhaust channel 31 reaches the design threshold.

[0131] The cabinet 1 includes an upper cover plate 11c and a lower cover plate 12c disposed opposite each other in the second direction Z, and two outer end plates 14c disposed opposite each other in the first direction X. The upper cover plate 11c, the lower cover plate 12c and the two outer end plates 14c cooperate to enclose an accommodating space 11. At least one of the upper cover plate 11c, the lower cover plate 12c and the two outer end plates 14c is made of thermal insulation material; or, at least one of the upper cover plate 11c, the lower cover plate 12c and the two outer end plates 14c has a thermal insulation board on the surface of the side facing or away from the accommodating space 11.

[0132] Battery modules in energy storage systems typically maintain optimal performance and lifespan within a suitable temperature range. Insulation materials or panels can effectively reduce heat exchange between the internal and external environments of the cabinet, mitigating the impact of external temperature changes on the internal temperature. For example, in high-temperature environments, the insulation structure can prevent external heat from entering the cabinet, preventing excessively high internal temperatures; in low-temperature environments, it can slow down heat loss, maintaining a relatively stable internal temperature, which is beneficial for the normal operation of the battery modules.

[0133] In some embodiments of this application, an electrical device is also provided, comprising electrical equipment and an energy storage system as described in any of the above technical solutions. The energy storage system is used to supply power to the electrical equipment. In the event of a power grid outage or power interruption, the energy storage system can serve as a backup power source to continue supplying power to the electrical equipment. Since the energy storage system in this electrical device has the same structure as the aforementioned energy storage system, both can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same technical effect.

[0134] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0135] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims. Furthermore, specific examples have been used in the specification to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application, and the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes: The cabinet provides storage space; The battery module includes multiple battery cells disposed within the accommodating space, each battery cell including a connected body and an explosion-proof valve; An exhaust structure is provided in the cabinet to form an exhaust channel. The exhaust structure has multiple air inlets, and the explosion-proof valve of each battery cell is connected to the exhaust channel through the corresponding air inlet. A pressure relief structure, connected to the exhaust channel, is used to discharge the ejected material generated when the explosion-proof valve is depressurized out of the exhaust channel.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system has a first orientation; The exhaust structure includes: A baffle is disposed opposite to the side end face of the main body on which the explosion-proof valve is located, and the baffle has a passage opening that communicates with the exhaust channel; In the first direction, the first sealing element is disposed between the partition and the end face of the body where the explosion-proof valve is located. Multiple air inlets are opened on the first sealing element, and each explosion-proof valve is connected to the conduction port through the corresponding air inlet.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy storage system also has a third direction, and the first direction intersects with the third direction; Multiple battery cells are arranged along the third direction, and multiple air inlets are provided opposite to the corresponding explosion-proof valves; In the third direction, at least two adjacent air inlets are connected to the same conduit, or there are multiple conduits, each of which is connected to a different air inlet.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cabinet includes an outer cabinet for defining the accommodating space, and an inner cabinet disposed in the accommodating space, wherein the inner cabinet and the outer cabinet are spaced apart to form the exhaust channel; The inner cabinet has a first window formed on at least one side in the first direction, the plurality of battery cells are housed in the inner cabinet, the partition is provided at the first window, and the pressure relief structure is provided on the outer cabinet. The second sealing element seals the first opening of the partition and the inner cabinet.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy storage system also has a third direction, and the first direction intersects with the third direction; The outer cabinet has a second window on at least one side of the third-direction orientation, and the inner cabinet has a third window on at least one side of the third-direction orientation. The cabinet includes a door panel that covers both the second and third windows.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The third sealing element includes a first sealing portion and a second sealing portion; The first sealing part seals and connects the door panel and the second opening of the outer cabinet, and the second sealing part seals and connects the door panel and the third opening of the inner cabinet.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure relief structure includes an air inlet and an exhaust outlet on the outer cabinet. The air inlet is connected to the exhaust outlet through the exhaust channel, and the exhaust outlet is connected to the exhaust channel and the outside of the outer cabinet.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The energy storage system also has a second direction, which intersects with the first direction; The outer cabinet includes an upper end plate and a lower end plate arranged opposite each other in the second direction, and two side plates arranged opposite each other in the first direction. The upper end plate, the lower end plate, and the two side plates cooperate to enclose the accommodating space. The inner cabinet includes a top plate facing the upper end plate in the second direction; The partition has an outer end face facing away from the battery module. The outer end face and the side plate facing it are spaced apart to form a first channel. The top plate and the upper end plate are spaced apart to form a second channel. The first channel and the second channel are connected to form the exhaust channel.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The energy storage system also has a second direction, which intersects with the first direction; The outer cabinet includes an upper end plate and a lower end plate for defining the boundary of the accommodating space in the second direction, and two side plates for defining the boundary of the accommodating space in the first direction. The partition has an outer end face facing away from the battery module. The two ends of the partition in the second direction are respectively connected to the upper end plate and the lower end plate. The outer end face and the side plate facing it are spaced apart to form the exhaust channel.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The air inlet is located on the side plate facing the partition and is closer to the lower end plate than the upper end plate, while the exhaust port is located on the upper end plate.

11. The energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The energy storage system also includes: A first opening / closing member is provided at the air inlet. The first opening / closing member is configured to selectively open or block the air inlet and is configured to adjust the air intake direction of the air inlet. And / or, A second opening / closing member is provided at the vent hole. The second opening / closing member is configured to selectively open or block the vent hole and is configured to adjust the venting direction of the vent hole.

12. The energy storage system according to claim 11, characterized in that, Also includes: The flue gas detection module is located inside the exhaust channel; The control module is electrically connected to the flue gas detection module and to the first opening / closing component and / or the second opening / closing component. The control module is capable of receiving the flue gas detection signal from the flue gas detection module and controlling the first opening / closing component and / or the second opening / closing component according to the flue gas detection signal.

13. The energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cabinet includes an outer cabinet, the outer cabinet has the accommodating space inside, and the partition is spaced apart from the outer cabinet; The energy storage system also includes: A collection structure is installed between the partition and the outer cabinet, and the collection structure is used to collect the sprayed material ejected from the explosion-proof valve.

14. The energy storage system according to claim 13, characterized in that, The energy storage system also has a second direction, which intersects with the first direction; The outer cabinet includes an upper end plate and a lower end plate, which are located on both sides of the accommodating space in the second direction. The collecting structure includes a groove provided in the lower end plate, with the groove opening facing the upper end plate.

15. The energy storage system according to claim 13, characterized in that, Also includes: A flow channel is provided within the receiving space to guide the ejected material within the collection structure to the outside of the outer cabinet.

16. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system has an intersecting second direction and a third direction; The plurality of battery cells include battery cell groups arranged along a second direction, and each battery cell group includes a plurality of battery cells arranged along the third direction; The exhaust structure includes multiple independent first sub-channels, each of which is connected to the explosion-proof valve of each cell in the corresponding cell group through the air inlet; The cabinet has a second sub-channel, and the pressure relief structure is provided on the cabinet. Each of the first sub-channels is connected to the second sub-channel to form the exhaust channel. The pressure relief structure is used to connect the second sub-channel to the outside of the cabinet.

17. The energy storage system according to claim 16, characterized in that, The cabinet includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate arranged opposite to each other in the second direction, and a column connected between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. The column has a hollow structure to form the second sub-channel, and the pressure relief structure is located at one end of the column in the second direction near the upper cover plate.

18. The energy storage system according to claim 17, characterized in that, Each of the first sub-channels is connected between two of the columns, and the two columns connected to the two ends of the first sub-channel are hollow to form the second sub-channel.

19. The energy storage system according to claim 16, characterized in that, The energy storage system has a first direction, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersect each other; The exhaust structure includes: Multiple exhaust pipes, each of which has the first sub-channel and is arranged opposite to the corresponding battery cell group; each of which has an air inlet. The fourth sealing element is disposed between the exhaust pipe and the end face of the body where the explosion-proof valve is located in the first direction, and has multiple clearance openings thereon. The explosion-proof valve of each cell in each group of cells is connected to the air inlet on the corresponding exhaust pipe through the corresponding clearance opening.

20. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system has a first orientation; The cabinet includes two outer end plates arranged opposite each other in the first direction, the battery module is disposed between the two outer end plates, each outer end plate is used to form the exhaust structure and has a cavity forming the exhaust channel, the pressure relief structure and each air inlet are disposed on the outer end plate.

21. The energy storage system according to claim 20, characterized in that, Each of the air inlets is located on the end face of the outer end plate facing the battery module, and the pressure relief structure is located on the end face of the outer end plate facing away from the battery module.

22. The energy storage system according to claim 20, characterized in that, The exhaust structure includes: The fifth sealing element is disposed between the outer end plate and the end face of the body where the explosion-proof valve is located in the first direction. The fifth sealing element has multiple hollow openings, and the explosion-proof valve of each battery cell is connected to the corresponding air inlet through the corresponding hollow opening.

23. The energy storage system according to claim 1 or 20, characterized in that, The energy storage system has a first direction and a second direction, wherein the second direction intersects the first direction; The cabinet includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate arranged opposite each other in the second direction, and two outer end plates arranged opposite each other in the first direction; The upper cover plate, the lower cover plate, and the two outer end plates cooperate to enclose the receiving space. At least one of the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate, and the two outer end plates is made of thermal insulation material; or, at least one of the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate, and the two outer end plates has a thermal insulation board on the surface facing or away from the receiving space.

24. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes electrical equipment and an energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the energy storage system is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

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