Automatic inspection machine for outer ring of transmission shaft

Abstract

Transmission shaft outer ring automatic flaw detector belongs to detection equipment, technical scheme includes magnetizing mechanism, feeding and discharging transfer mechanism, feeding chute, discharging chute, receiving tray and magnetic suspension tank which are installed on the frame, the magnetizing mechanism includes electrode mechanism A and electrode mechanism B, the feeding chute and the discharging chute are arranged on the two sides of the electrode mechanism B, the electrode mechanism A includes electrode head A and driving mechanism which drives the electrode head A to move up and down, the electrode mechanism B includes frame body, electrode head B, floating positioning disc, spring, opposite sensor A, opposite sensor B and spray head, the opposite sensor A and the opposite sensor B are respectively fixed on the two sides of the electrode head B and are fixedly connected with the floating positioning disc, the spray head is respectively fixed on the floating positioning disc, the transfer mechanism automatically feeds and discharges the outer ring, and the outer ring is sent to the receiving tray after magnetizing, and the technology can quickly detect whether the outer ring has cracks, can reduce the labor intensity of operators and improve the detection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to automatic testing equipment, specifically an automatic flaw detector for the outer ring of a drive shaft. Background Technology

[0002] The constant velocity joint driveshaft for automobiles consists of a fixed end joint, an intermediate shaft, and a moving end joint. The fixed end joint is directly connected to the wheel hub, while the moving end joint is directly connected to the engine differential. Engine power is transmitted to the wheels via the differential, moving end joint, intermediate shaft, fixed end joint, and wheel hub, thus driving the wheels to rotate. The fixed end joint mainly consists of an outer ring, cage, steel balls, and inner ring; the moving end joint mainly consists of an outer sleeve, cage, steel balls, and inner sleeve. The magnetic particle inspection process for the outer ring of the fixed end joint is crucial. Cracks in the outer ring, especially at the shank and end caps, can lead to ring breakage, rendering the driveshaft inoperable and endangering the safety of people and the vehicle, potentially resulting in customer claims. Previously, the inspection of outer rings was carried out manually on a single inspection machine with thick velvet cloth to block out light. The operator had to manually load, magnetize, inspect for cracks, and unload the material. This was not only labor-intensive and had a poor working environment, but also inefficient and affected delivery. Therefore, there is an urgent need on the production site for a magnetic particle inspection machine that can automatically load, unload, and magnetize the outer rings of the drive shaft. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a machine for automatically loading, unloading, and magnetizing the outer ring of a drive shaft. Using this technology, the outer ring of the drive shaft can be quickly inspected with magnetic particles, which not only reduces the labor intensity of the operator but also greatly improves efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is: an automatic flaw detector for the outer ring of a drive shaft, comprising a frame, characterized in that: the frame is equipped with an automatic magnetization mechanism, a loading and unloading transfer mechanism, a feeding slide, a discharging slide, a receiving tray, and a magnetic suspension tank. The magnetic suspension tank is located at the bottom of the frame, and a pump is fixedly mounted on the magnetic suspension tank. The receiving tray is located below the discharging slide, and through-beam sensors C and D are fixedly mounted on the receiving tray. The automatic magnetization mechanism includes an electrode mechanism A and an electrode mechanism B. The feeding slide and the discharging slide are respectively located on both sides of the electrode mechanism B. The electrode mechanism A includes an electrode head A. The electrode mechanism B includes a drive mechanism that moves electrode head A up and down. The housing of electrode mechanism A is fixedly connected to the frame. Electrode mechanism B includes a frame, electrode head B, a floating positioning disk, a spring, a through-beam sensor A, a through-beam sensor B, and a spray head. The upper part of electrode head B is opposite to electrode head A, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the frame. The bottom surface of the floating positioning disk is pressed against one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is supported and connected by the frame. The floating positioning disk has a central hole, and a cylindrical positioning recess is provided around the central hole. Electrode head B is located in the central hole of the floating positioning disk, and there is a gap between electrode head B and the inner wall of the central hole. The through-beam sensor A... The through-beam sensor B is mounted on both sides of the electrode head B and is fixedly connected to the floating positioning disk. Multiple spray heads are included, each fixedly mounted on the floating positioning disk and connected to the magnetic suspension tank pipeline. The transfer mechanism includes an electric cylinder A, double guide rails A, limiter A, and limiter B, all fixedly connected to the frame. A sliding plate A is provided on the double guide rails A. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder A is fixedly connected to the sliding plate A via a coupling. A vertical plate is fixedly connected to the sliding plate A. An electric cylinder B, double guide rails B, and limiter C are fixedly connected to the vertical plate. A sliding plate B is provided on the double guide rails B via a sliding track. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder B is connected to the sliding plate B via a sliding track. The coupling is fixedly connected to the slide plate B. A horizontally placed connecting plate is fixedly connected to the slide plate B. A cylinder A, two brackets A, and two brackets B are fixedly connected to the connecting plate. A guide post A is fixedly installed between the two brackets A, and a guide post B is fixedly installed between the two brackets B. The slide plate C is fitted onto the guide posts A and B and is slidably connected to the guide posts A and B. The telescopic end of the cylinder A is fixedly connected to the slide plate C. The stationary ends of the clamping cylinders B and C are fixedly connected to the slide plate C. The telescopic ends of the clamping cylinders B and C are respectively fixedly connected to the gripper A and gripper B. Gripper A has a cylindrical concave arc surface A, and gripper B has a cylindrical concave arc surface B.

[0005] The rack is equipped with a frame, on which a sound and light alarm, safety light A, and safety light B are fixedly mounted. An electrical control cabinet is mounted on the side of the rack, and a touch screen is fixedly mounted on the electrical control cabinet. The touch screen is equipped with a start button and an emergency stop switch.

[0006] A fluorescent lamp is installed above the receiving tray.

[0007] The principle of this utility model is as follows: the outer ring is automatically loaded and unloaded through the transfer mechanism, the equipment is automatically magnetized, and the magnetized outer ring is sent to the receiving tray by the transfer mechanism. When a certain quantity is reached, the operator quickly checks whether the outer ring has cracks, and then the outer ring is transferred to the next cleaning process.

[0008] The advantages of this utility model are: the transfer mechanism enables automatic loading and unloading of the outer ring of the drive shaft, and the automatic magnetization allows the operator to quickly and centrally inspect the outer ring for cracks. This not only reduces the operator's labor intensity but also significantly improves efficiency, ensures timely delivery, increases customer satisfaction, and enhances the company's core competitiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic flaw detector for the outer ring of the transmission shaft of this utility model.

[0010] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the connecting plate and its accessories.

[0011] Figure 3 This is a top view of electrode B mechanism.

[0012] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial sectional view of AA.

[0013] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the outer ring structure.

[0014] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of section I.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Magnetic suspension tank; 2. Pump; 3. Double guide rail A; 4. Slide plate A; 5. Limiter A; 6. Electric cylinder A; 7. Safety light shield A; 8. Electric cylinder B; 9. Vertical plate; 10. Double guide rail B; 11. Limiter C; 12. Slide plate B; 13. Feed chute; 14. Frame; 15. Slide plate C; 16. Clamping cylinder B; 17. Guide column A; 18. Bracket A; 19. Through-beam sensor A; 20. Spray head; 21. Electrode head B; 22. Electrode head A; 23. Cylinder A; 24. Bracket B; 25. Guide column B; 26. Through-beam sensor B; 27. Floating positioning plate; 28. Clamping cylinder C; 29. ​​Connecting plate; 30. Audible and visual alarm; 31. Frame; 32. Fluorescent lamp; 33. Discharge chute. 34 Electrical control cabinet, 35 Touch screen display, 36 Start button, 37 Emergency stop switch, 38 Receiving tray, 39 Through-beam sensor C, 40 Through-beam sensor D, 41 Safety light bar B, 42 Limit switch B, 43 Gripper A, 44 Cylindrical concave arc surface A, 45 Gripper B, 46 Cylindrical positioning socket, 47 Clearance, 48 Cylindrical surface, 49 Handle, 50 Platform end, 51 Bottom, 52 Cylindrical concave arc surface B. Detailed Implementation

[0016] This utility model relates to a device for automatic flaw detection of the outer ring components of a constant velocity universal joint drive shaft in automobiles. (See attached document.) Figures 1 to 6 The following describes a specific embodiment. An automatic flaw detector for the outer ring of a drive shaft includes a frame 14, on which are mounted an automatic magnetization mechanism, a loading / unloading transfer mechanism, a feed chute 13, a discharge chute 33, a receiving tray 38, and a magnetic suspension tank 1. The magnetic suspension tank 1 is located at the bottom of the frame 14, and a pump 2 is fixedly mounted on it. The receiving tray 38 is located below the discharge chute 33, and a through-beam sensor C39 and a through-beam sensor D40 are fixedly mounted on it. The automatic magnetization mechanism includes an electrode mechanism A and an electrode mechanism B. The feed chute 13 and the discharge chute 33 are located on opposite sides of the electrode mechanism B. The electrode mechanism A includes an electrode head A22 and a drive mechanism that moves the electrode head A up and down. The housing of electrode mechanism A is fixedly connected to the frame 14. Electrode mechanism B includes a frame, electrode head B21, floating positioning disk 27, spring, through-beam sensor A19, through-beam sensor B26, and spray head 20. Electrode head B21 is positioned opposite electrode head A22 at the top and fixedly connected to the frame at the bottom. The bottom surface of the floating positioning disk 27 is pressed against one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is supported by the frame. The floating positioning disk 27 has a central hole, and a cylindrical positioning recess 46 is provided around the central hole. Electrode head B21 is located in the central hole of the floating positioning disk 27, and a gap 47 is provided between electrode head B21 and the inner wall of the central hole. Through-beam sensors A19 and B26 are respectively mounted on both sides of electrode head B21. The spray head 20 is fixedly connected to the floating positioning plate 27. Multiple spray heads 20 are fixedly mounted on the floating positioning plate 27, and each spray head is connected to the magnetic suspension tank 1 via a pipeline. The transfer mechanism includes an electric cylinder A6, a double guide rail A3, a limiter A5, and a limiter B42 fixedly connected to the frame. A sliding plate A4 is slidably connected to the double guide rail A3. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder A6 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate A4 via a coupling. A vertical plate 9 is fixedly mounted on the sliding plate A4. An electric cylinder B8, a double guide rail B10, and a limiter C11 are fixedly mounted on the vertical plate 9. A sliding plate B12 is slidably connected to the double guide rail B10. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder B8 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate B12 via a coupling. A horizontal support is fixedly connected to the sliding plate B12. A connecting plate 29 is provided, on which cylinder A23, two brackets A18, and two brackets B24 are fixedly connected. A guide post A17 is fixed between the two brackets A18, and a guide post B25 is fixed between the two brackets B24. A sliding plate C15 is fitted onto the guide posts A17 and B25 and is slidably connected to them. The telescopic end of cylinder A23 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate C15. The stationary ends of clamping cylinders B16 and C28 are fixedly connected to the sliding plate C15. The telescopic ends of clamping cylinders B16 and C28 are respectively fixedly connected to grippers A43 and B46. Gripper A43 has a cylindrical concave arc surface A44, and gripper B45 has a cylindrical concave arc surface B52.

[0017] The rack 14 is also equipped with a frame 31, on which a sound and light alarm 30, a safety light detector A7, and a safety light detector B41 are fixedly mounted. An electrical control cabinet 34 is provided on the side of the rack 14, on which a touch screen display 35 is fixedly mounted. The touch screen display 35 is equipped with a start button 36 and an emergency stop switch 37.

[0018] The receiving tray 38 of this invention is equipped with a high-intensity fluorescent lamp 32 above it. The main function of the fluorescent lamp in the magnetic particle inspection machine is to enhance the visibility of defects. During the magnetic particle inspection process, the fluorescent lamp uses ultraviolet light to cause the magnetic powder coated with fluorescent material to emit a yellow-green fluorescence, thus more clearly displaying defects on the workpiece surface. This fluorescence effect allows defects to be clearly observed even in relatively dark environments, improving the accuracy and reliability of the inspection.

[0019] This automatic flaw detector for the outer ring of the drive shaft is controlled by an automatic control system. The components of the automatic control system include a controller and electric cylinders, through-beam sensors, air cylinders, clamping air cylinders, pumps, limit switches, audible and visual alarms, safety light detectors, and touch screens, all of which are electrically connected to the controller via signal lines. Each component, including electric cylinders, through-beam sensors, air cylinders, clamping air cylinders, pumps, limit switches, audible and visual alarms, and safety light detectors, is installed in its corresponding unit. The controller is installed in the electrical control cabinet.

[0020] The outer ring described in this utility model is a key component of the fixed end section in the constant velocity universal joint drive shaft of a car.

[0021] The basic principle of magnetic particle testing is that after ferromagnetic materials are magnetized, leakage magnetic fields are formed at defects on and near the surface. These leakage magnetic fields are due to magnetic field distortion caused by discontinuities or defects within the material. When magnetic powder is sprinkled on the surface of the material being tested, the powder is attracted by the leakage magnetic field and accumulates at the defects, forming visible magnetic powder deposits, thus indicating the location, shape, and size of the defects. The two electrode heads of a magnetic particle testing machine are a basic configuration, used to clamp the part being tested from both ends. A magnetic field is applied to the part by charging it through the two electrode heads. Magnetic particle testing technology has advantages such as high sensitivity, ease of operation, and low cost, and therefore has been widely used in industrial production.

[0022] The cylinder described in this article is a prior art mechanical product. A cylinder generally has a cylinder body as a fixed end, which is fixedly installed on a corresponding component. The cylinder also has a telescopic end as a moving end, which is also called a telescopic rod. The telescopic end reciprocates along its axial direction within a designed stroke. Telescopic cylinders are mainly divided into pneumatic telescopic cylinders, electric telescopic cylinders, electromagnetic telescopic cylinders, and hydraulic telescopic cylinders. In this application, pneumatic telescopic cylinders (cylinders) and electric telescopic cylinders are preferred. Among them, pneumatic telescopic cylinders are prior art products that convert pressurized gas into mechanical action.

[0023] The electric cylinder is an existing technology product. It is a modular product with an integrated design of servo motor and lead screw, which converts the rotary motion of the servo motor into linear motion.

[0024] The aforementioned safety light curtains cause the machine tool to stop moving when a hand or other object enters the plane between two light curtains.

[0025] The frame is used to support the components of each device at designated positions on the ground. In this application, the frame is equipped with a frame enclosure. The frame, electric cylinder, through-beam sensor, air cylinder, clamping cylinder, pump, and limiter are located within the frame enclosure for protection of each component. The frame enclosure is constructed by enclosing semi-transparent or opaque plates between the frames 31.

[0026] To make the drawings clearer, the pipes, wires and standard parts in the drawings have been omitted.

[0027] The human-machine interface of the controller is preferably a touch screen display 35, which is located on the surface of the electrical cabinet or mounted on the frame 31 for easy operation by on-site personnel. Personnel can control the operation of the entire machine via the touch screen display 35. An audible and visual alarm 30 is installed on the frame 31 or electrical cabinet to emit specific sounds and lights to indicate the working status of the automatic flaw detector for the outer ring of the drive shaft, to adjust various parameters, or to provide audible and visual alarms for any malfunctions.

[0028] The working process of this utility model is as follows: Pressing the start button 36, the electric cylinder A6 in the transfer mechanism drives the slide plate A4 to move to the left to the set position and contact the limiter A5. The electric cylinder A6 stops moving. At this time, the clamping cylinder B16 opens the gripper A43, and the clamping cylinder C28 opens the gripper B45. The clamping cylinder B16 is directly facing the direction of the cleaned outer ring on the feed slide 13, and the clamping cylinder C28 is directly facing the direction of the electrode head B21. The cylinder A23 drives the slide plate C15 and the clamping cylinders B16 and C28 on it to move forward to the limit position. At this time, the cylindrical surface 48 of the outer ring (workpiece) is located on the cylinder of the opened gripper A43. In the middle of the concave arc surface A44, another outer ring is on the electrode head B21, with its cylindrical surface 48 located in the middle of the cylindrical concave arc surface B52 of the open gripper B45. Clamping cylinders B16 and C28 respectively drive gripper A43 and gripper B45 to retract and clamp the workpiece. Electric cylinder B8 drives connecting plate 29 to rise to the set position. At this time, the lower plane of the outer ring on gripper A43 and gripper B45 is higher than spray head 20 and through-beam sensor A19 and through-beam sensor B26. Electric cylinder A6 drives slide plate A4 to move to the right to the set position and contact limiter B42. Electric cylinder A6 stops moving. At this time, gripper A43 clamping the outer ring is located at the electrode. Directly above head B21, clamping jaw B45, in a clamped state, is positioned directly above discharge slide 33. Electric cylinder B8 lowers connecting plate 29 to a set position (contacting limiter C11). At this time, the outer ring of jaw A43 contacts the cylindrical positioning recess 46 of floating positioning disk 27, and the bottom 51 of the outer ring contacts electrode head B21. Clamping cylinders B16 and C28 respectively open jaws A43 and B45. The purpose of opening jaw A43 is to place the outer ring onto floating positioning disk 27, and the purpose of opening jaw B45 is to place the outer ring onto discharge slide 33. Electric cylinder B8 raises slide plate B12 to a set position. Position, cylinder A23 drives slide plate C15 and its clamping cylinders B16 and C28 to retract to the limit position. Simultaneously, when through-beam sensor A19 and through-beam sensor B26 sense the outer ring, the drive mechanism in electrode mechanism A drives electrode head A22 to move downward, contact the outer ring handle 49 and continue to move downward. At this time, the outer ring in floating positioning disk 27 will have a certain downward displacement (the function of floating positioning disk 27 is: when electrode head A22 presses down on the outer ring, the outer ring can move downward on floating positioning disk 27, so that electrode head B21 can reliably contact the bottom 51 of the outer ring, and avoid arcing and burning of the outer ring when poor contact is applied).The outer ring continues to move until the bottom 51 of the outer ring contacts the electrode head B21. At this point, the electrode head A22 stops moving, and the electrode heads A22 and B21 are in reliable contact with the outer ring. The device begins to energize the outer ring. At the same time, the pump 2 starts and sprays the magnetic suspension in the magnetic suspension tank 1 through the spray head 20 onto the handle 49 and the platform end 50 of the outer ring. After the set time is reached, the spraying stops, the energizing stops, and the drive mechanism in the electrode mechanism A drives the electrode head A22 to move upward back to its original position. Simultaneously, the electric cylinder A6 drives the slide plate A4 to move to the left to the set position and contact the limiter A5. The electric cylinder A6 stops moving, and the electric cylinder B8 drives the connecting plate 29 to descend to the set position (contacting the limiter C). The cylinder A23 drives the slide plate C15 and its clamping cylinders B16 and C28 to advance to the limit position and enter the next cycle.

[0029] The outer ring on the discharge chute 33 slides under the action of gravity and enters the receiving tray 38. When there are enough outer rings in the receiving tray 38 and they are piled up to the point that the through-beam sensor C39 and through-beam sensor D40 detect the outer rings, the audible and visual alarm 30 prompts the operator to check the outer rings. The operator can quickly check whether the outer rings have cracks. After the check, the outer rings are conveyed to the next cleaning process.

Claims

1. An automatic flaw detector for the outer ring of a drive shaft, comprising a frame (14), characterized in that: The frame (14) is equipped with an automatic magnetization mechanism, a loading and unloading transfer mechanism, a feeding slide (13), a discharging slide (33), a receiving tray (38), and a magnetic suspension tank (1). The magnetic suspension tank (1) is located at the bottom of the frame (14), and a pump (2) is fixedly mounted on the magnetic suspension tank (1). The receiving tray (38) is located below the discharging slide (33), and a through-beam sensor C (39) and a through-beam sensor D (40) are fixedly mounted on the receiving tray (38). The automatic magnetization mechanism includes an electrode mechanism A and an electrode mechanism B. The feeding slide (13) and the discharging slide (33) are respectively located on both sides of the electrode mechanism B. The electrode mechanism A includes an electrode head A (22) and a drive mechanism that drives the electrode head A (22) to move up and down. The housing of electrode mechanism A is fixedly connected to the frame (14). Electrode mechanism B includes a frame, electrode head B (21), floating positioning disk (27), spring, through-beam sensor A (19), through-beam sensor B (26), and spray head (20). The electrode head B (21) is opposite to electrode head A (22) at the top and fixedly connected to the frame at the bottom. The bottom surface of the floating positioning disk (27) is pressed against one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is supported and connected by the frame. The floating positioning disk (27) has a central hole, and a cylindrical positioning recess (46) is provided around the circular hole. The electrode head B (21) is located in the central hole of the floating positioning disk (27). There is a gap (47) between the electrode head B (21) and the inner wall of the central hole. The through-beam sensor A (19) and through-beam sensor B (26) are fixedly connected to the frame. Device B (26) is installed on both sides of electrode head B (21) and is fixedly connected to floating positioning disk (27). There are multiple spray heads (20), each of which is fixedly installed on floating positioning disk (27) and connected to the pipeline of magnetic suspension tank (1). The transfer mechanism includes electric cylinder A (6), double guide rail A (3), limiter A (5), and limiter B (42) fixedly connected to the frame. The double guide rail A (3) is provided with a sliding plate A (4). The telescopic end of electric cylinder A (6) is fixedly connected to sliding plate A (4) through a coupling. A vertical plate (9) is fixedly connected to sliding plate A (4). Electric cylinder B (8), double guide rail B (10), and limiter C (11) are fixedly connected to vertical plate B (9). The double guide rail B (10) is provided with a slide rail. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder B (8) is fixed to the slide plate B (12) via a coupling. A horizontally placed connecting plate (29) is fixed to the slide plate B (12). A cylinder A (23), two supports A (18), and two supports B (24) are fixed to the connecting plate (29). A guide post A (17) is fixed between the two supports A (18), and a guide post B (25) is fixed between the two supports B (24). The slide plate C (15) is fitted onto the guide post A (17) and the guide post B (25) and is slidably connected to the guide post A (17) and the guide post B (25). The telescopic end of the cylinder A (23) is fixed to the slide plate C (15). The stationary ends of the clamping cylinder B (16) and the clamping cylinder C (28) are fixed to the slide plate C (15).The telescopic ends of clamping cylinders B (16) and C (28) are respectively fixedly connected to jaws A (43) and B (45). Jaw A (43) has a cylindrical concave arc surface A (44), and jaw B (45) has a cylindrical concave arc surface B (52).

2. The automatic flaw detector for the outer ring of the transmission shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (14) is equipped with a frame (31), and the frame (31) is fixedly equipped with an audible and visual alarm (30), a safety light A (7), and a safety light B (41). The side of the frame (14) is equipped with an electrical control cabinet (34), and the electrical control cabinet (34) is fixedly equipped with a touch screen (35). The touch screen (35) is equipped with a start button (36) and an emergency stop switch (37).

3. The automatic flaw detector for the outer ring of the transmission shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fluorescent lamp (32) is provided above the receiving tray (38).

Images