Fire prevention and control system structure for energy storage power station

Abstract

This invention discloses a fire prevention and control system structure for an energy storage power station. The system structure includes detectors and fire extinguishing nozzles installed inside a single energy storage battery box, as well as a fire suppression device for generating extinguishing gas. Furthermore, the system includes distribution valves that connect each branch pipe to the main pipe and control the on / off state of each branch pipe to the main pipe. When the detector detects gas parameters matching fire characteristics, it sends a signal to the fire suppression device, which then generates extinguishing gas. This gas is diverted through the distribution valves and sprayed into the box by the fire extinguishing nozzles to extinguish the fire. This invention effectively solves the challenges of response speed, accuracy, reliability, and intelligence in fire prevention and control for energy storage power stations, providing an efficient, compact, and low-cost fire prevention and control solution for high-energy-density lithium-ion battery applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fire prevention and control technology for energy storage power stations, and in particular to a fire prevention and control system structure for energy storage power stations. Background Technology

[0002] The installed capacity of new energy storage systems is expected to continue to grow in the future. To date, nearly 70 fire incidents related to energy storage systems have been recorded globally. With the rapid increase in energy storage projects and the continuous expansion of individual project scale, energy storage safety risks are also rising accordingly, making the safety of energy storage throughout its entire lifecycle a matter of widespread concern.

[0003] Currently, fire prevention systems used in energy storage power stations mainly include two types: nitrogen-pressurized and non-pressurized pump systems. Nitrogen-pressurized fire suppression systems rely on the pressure provided by gas stored in cylinders to propel the extinguishing medium through a siphon tube into the pipeline. Although its technical principle is relatively simple and it is widely used in heptafluoropropane fire suppression systems, the device is bulky and heavy, requiring regular annual inspections and frequent maintenance, resulting in low reliability. Non-pressurized pump systems, on the other hand, pump the extinguishing medium from a container into the pipeline. They are simple in structure, low in cost, easy to maintain, and can be started and stopped multiple times. However, this system has high power consumption, low pump operating pressure, and low nozzle flow rate, making it difficult to achieve an effective extinguishing concentration in a short time, and its extinguishing effect on battery fires is almost negligible. Early energy storage power stations lacked dedicated fire detection equipment, typically using civilian or building-grade smoke detectors and combustible gas detectors, leading to false alarms and missed alarms.

[0004] For example, utility model application number 202220623518.0 discloses a fire extinguishing system for energy storage battery boxes. This solution combines the rapid fire extinguishing characteristics of perfluorohexane with the long-term fire extinguishing and cooling advantages of fine water mist to effectively extinguish fires in energy storage battery boxes, featuring environmental friendliness, economy, and high efficiency. However, this solution also has some limitations, such as being unsuitable for tiered installation at the compartment, cabinet, and box levels, and lacking separate valve control between branch pipelines and main pipelines.

[0005] Therefore, in practical applications, there is an urgent need for a fire prevention and control system for energy storage power stations with a more optimized structure, which adopts a solid-state gas generation driven design and has advantages such as maintenance-free operation, strong environmental adaptability, and rapid fire extinguishing response. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a fire prevention and control system structure for energy storage power stations, which adopts a solid-state gas generation drive, is safe and reliable, easy to configure, and adaptable to various environmental requirements.

[0007] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: a fire prevention and control system structure for an energy storage power station, comprising:

[0008] The detector is placed inside the energy storage battery box to detect various gas parameters inside the box.

[0009] The fire extinguishing nozzles are located inside the energy storage battery box and are connected to branch pipes.

[0010] Fire suppression device, connected to a main pipeline, generates fire extinguishing gas;

[0011] The branch valves connect to each branch pipe and the main pipe respectively, and are used to control the connection and disconnection between each branch pipe and the main pipe;

[0012] When the detector detects that the gas parameters inside the chamber meet the characteristics of a fire, it sends a signal to the fire suppression device. The fire suppression device then generates extinguishing gas, which is diverted by the distribution valve and sprayed out by the extinguishing nozzle to extinguish the fire inside the chamber.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model, it also includes an integrated control box, wherein the detector, the sub-box valve and the fire suppression device are electrically connected to the integrated control box.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the integrated control box is electrically connected to the fire alarm and the host computer.

[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the sub-box valve is provided with a thin insulating wall between each branch pipe and the main pipe, and the sub-box valve is made to create a passage by piercing the thin wall through an electric explosion.

[0016] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the fire extinguishing nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the energy storage battery box, and the detector is arranged at the top of the energy storage battery box.

[0017] As a further embodiment of this invention, the detector is a multi-parameter feature quantity composite detector, and the multi-parameter feature quantities include smoke, temperature, CO, and VOC gas parameter feature quantities.

[0018] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the fire suppression device adopts a solid-state gas-generating driven structure, and the fire suppression medium of the fire suppression device is perfluorohexanone.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] 1. This utility model solves the problems of response speed, accuracy, reliability and intelligence in fire prevention and control of energy storage power stations through technological innovation, and provides an efficient, compact and low-cost solution for high energy density lithium battery scenarios.

[0021] 2. This utility model adopts a solid-state gas-generating fire suppression device, combined with an electric explosion-proof distribution valve design, which can start the extinguishing agent spray within 1 second and form an effective extinguishing concentration within 5 seconds, significantly shortening the response time and realizing rapid response and precise fire suppression for energy storage systems.

[0022] 3. The new type of branch valve uses thin-walled isolation and electric explosion breakdown technology to achieve precise connection and disconnection between branch pipelines and main pipelines, ensuring that the extinguishing agent is only delivered to the burning chamber and avoiding waste.

[0023] 4. This utility model adopts a multi-gas parameter composite detector, which can realize comprehensive early warning of multi-gas fires such as smoke, temperature, CO and VOC. It improves detection accuracy and reduces false alarms and missed alarms through data fusion, and is especially suitable for the complex gas characteristics of lithium battery thermal runaway.

[0024] 5. This utility model system adopts a hierarchical design of compartment, cabinet and box, with the main pipeline covering the entire compartment and the branch pipeline flexibly adapting to a single box. It supports multiple injection and cabinet control, and can be applied to the modular deployment of large-scale energy storage scenarios, realizing application modularity and scalability.

[0025] 6. This utility model integrates a control box with a detector, a distribution valve, and a fire suppression device, supporting remote monitoring and reverse control by a host computer, enabling centralized management, rapid decision-making, and emergency intervention, thereby improving operation and maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fire prevention and control system for energy storage power stations according to this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fire prevention and control system with integrated control box of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the detector and fire extinguishing nozzle of this utility model.

[0029] 110. Energy storage container; 120. Energy storage battery cabinet; 130. Energy storage battery box;

[0030] 210. Detector; 220. Fire extinguishing nozzle; 230. Main pipe; 240. Branch pipe; 250. Fire suppression device. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar symbols denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0032] Example 1: This utility model discloses a fire prevention and control system structure for an energy storage power station, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the application scenario of this utility model is an energy storage container 110. The energy storage container 110 is divided into cabinets to form various energy storage battery cabinets 120, and the energy storage battery cabinets 120 are further divided into multiple energy storage battery boxes 130.

[0033] The detector 210 and the fire extinguishing nozzle 220 are installed in the empty area inside the energy storage battery box 130 to avoid interference with other equipment. Each detector 210 is electrically connected to the sub-box valve or the fire suppression device 250. Each fire extinguishing nozzle 220 branch pipe 240 is connected to the main pipe 230 through the sub-box valve. The sub-box valve is used to control the opening and closing of the main pipe 230 and the branch pipe 240.

[0034] The sub-valve connects to each branch pipe 240 and the main pipe 230 respectively, and the sub-valve can be electrically connected to the detector 210 or the fire suppression device 250.

[0035] The sub-valve uses an electro-explosive method. Each branch pipe 240 and the main pipe 230 is equipped with a thin insulating wall. When the gunpowder burns, the high-pressure gas generated pushes the firing pin to break through the thin wall between the branch pipe 240 and the main pipe 230, creating a passage between the branch pipe 240 and the main pipe 230. The extinguishing agent is then pushed to the corresponding branch pipe 240 to achieve the extinguishing spray effect.

[0036] With the above structure, when a fire occurs, one way to handle it is: the detector 210 directly sends a signal to the distribution valve, and the distribution valve, according to the position of the detector 210, electrically connects the main pipeline 230 to the branch pipeline 240 of the fire extinguishing nozzle 220 corresponding to the detector 210.

[0037] Another approach is that the detector 210 sends a signal to the controller of the fire suppression device 250, and the controller then sends a signal to the sub-valve. Based on the position of the detector 210, the sub-valve opens the main pipeline 230 and the branch pipeline 240 of the corresponding fire extinguishing nozzle 220 by electric detonation.

[0038] Detector 210 is installed inside the energy storage battery box 130 to detect the characteristics of various gas parameters inside the box. This utility model's detector 210 is a multi-gas parameter characteristic quantity composite detector, including gas parameters such as smoke, temperature, CO, and VOC. It achieves composite monitoring and early warning of energy storage fire safety, collecting and fusing data on various gas characteristic parameters during a fire, resulting in greater accuracy and specificity.

[0039] The fire extinguishing nozzle 220 is arranged inside the energy storage battery box 130 and connected to the branch pipe 240. When installing the fire extinguishing nozzle 220, interference with other equipment should be avoided. Based on the flow rate and shape design of the fire extinguishing nozzle 220, the spray angle, direction, speed, pressure and other factors of the fire extinguishing agent can be precisely controlled.

[0040] The fire suppression device 250 is connected to the main pipeline 230 for generating extinguishing gas. The fire suppression device 250 of this utility model uses a solid gas generator to generate internal pressurized gas. Each tank of the fire suppression device 250 is filled with liquid, cooling, environmentally friendly extinguishing agent (perfluorohexanone). In a normal temperature and pressure environment, the extinguishing agent is in liquid state. When the ignition signal of the fire detector 210 is received, it is immediately activated. The gas generator quickly builds up pressure and pushes the piston to quickly atomize and release the filled extinguishing agent, forming a gas mist mixture extinguishing agent with a concentration that meets the needs of fire extinguishing, thereby achieving the purpose of fire extinguishing and fire control.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fire extinguishing nozzle 220 is positioned at the bottom of the energy storage battery box 130, while the detector 210 is located at the top of a single energy storage battery box 130. The fire extinguishing nozzle 220 and the detector 210 have minimal interference. The detector 210's top position facilitates the acquisition of upward-diffusing gas parameters within the box, resulting in a more sensitive response. The arrangement of the fire extinguishing nozzle 220 avoids interference with other equipment and makes efficient use of the gaps between the batteries within the box, allowing the extinguishing agent gas to rapidly fill the space within the box from bottom to top, thereby improving fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0042] With the above structure, when the detector 210 in the energy storage battery box 130 detects gas parameters that match the characteristics of a fire, it sends a signal to the fire suppression device 250. The fire suppression device 250 generates fire extinguishing gas, which is diverted by the distribution valve and then sprayed out by the fire extinguishing nozzle 220 to extinguish the fire inside the box.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the system also includes an integrated control box.

[0045] The detector 210, the sub-valve, and the fire suppression device 250 are electrically connected to the integrated control box, which is electrically connected to the fire alarm and the host computer.

[0046] When a lithium battery thermal runaway occurs, the detector 210 sends a signal to the integrated control box, which then sends an alarm through the fire alarm and simultaneously sends fire information to the host computer. The host computer can then control the distribution valve and the fire suppression device 250 in reverse, or the distribution valve and the fire suppression device 250 can control them autonomously.

[0047] By adding an integrated control box, centralized processing and remote monitoring of fire signals are achieved. As a central hub, the integrated control box not only receives fire signals from detector 210 but also intelligently assesses the severity of the fire, promptly triggering the fire alarm and effectively reducing human response time. Simultaneously, the electrical connection to the host computer allows maintenance personnel to monitor the fire situation in real time from a safe location away from the site and make rapid decisions based on the fire information. The host computer can then control the distribution valves and fire suppression device 250 in reverse, achieving precise and efficient firefighting operations. This design significantly enhances the intelligence level of fire prevention and control in energy storage power stations, improving emergency response speed and firefighting efficiency.

[0048] In the installation process of this fire prevention and control system for energy storage projects, the fire suppression device 250 is connected to the main pipeline 230, which covers the entire energy storage container 110. The branch valves of each energy storage battery cabinet 120 are connected. Branch pipelines 240 of each energy storage battery cabinet 130 are connected to the main pipeline 230 via these branch valves.

[0049] Each energy storage battery box 130 is equipped with a multi-parameter characteristic quantity composite detector to monitor data such as temperature and combustible gas concentration inside the energy storage box, and transmit the signals in real time to the sub-box valve, fire suppression device 250 controller or integrated control box.

[0050] If a lithium battery thermal runaway occurs, the fire suppression device 250 will be activated immediately after receiving the ignition signal from the fire detector 210. The gas generator will quickly build up pressure to push the piston to atomize and release the loaded extinguishing agent, forming a gas-mist mixture extinguishing agent with a concentration that meets the requirements for fire extinguishing.

[0051] The distribution valve uses an electro-explosive mechanism, where the high-pressure gas generated by the combustion of gunpowder propels a firing pin to puncture the thin wall between the main pipe 230 and the branch pipe 240, creating a passage. Based on the alarm level issued by the detector 210 of the thermal runaway battery box, the distribution valve selectively opens the valve connecting the branch pipe 240 and the main pipe 230, delivering the extinguishing agent into the box to achieve the fire extinguishing spray effect.

[0052] The fire suppression device 250 of this utility model fire prevention and control system adopts solid gas generator non-pressurization technology. The gas generator is filled with solid gas generating agent, and the gas outlet is sealed with an aluminum film to prevent moisture and water. The electric ignition head is located at the bottom of the gas generator and is connected to an external control power supply through a lead wire. The electric ignition head is in direct contact with the solid gas generating agent. After being powered on, the agent is ignited to achieve the purpose of gas generation. Under normal conditions, there is no storage pressure in the extinguishing agent container, ensuring the safety and reliability of the system.

[0053] If thermal runaway of a lithium battery occurs, the composite detector inside the battery box will issue an early warning and the start switch will give an activation signal. The fire prevention and control system will then act quickly, spraying the extinguishing agent from the fire suppression device 250 within 1 second through the piston motion principle. Within 5 seconds, an effective extinguishing concentration will be formed, achieving the effect of rapid fire extinguishing and cooling of the lithium battery that has experienced thermal runaway.

[0054] The fire suppression device 250 adopts a multi-bottle fire extinguishing container distribution design, which can achieve multiple sprays under different battery thermal runaway fire conditions, so as to achieve precise and effective suppression of multiple PACK box cells thermal runaway fires in the cabinet-level battery rack of the energy storage container 110.

[0055] The fire suppression device 250 uses perfluorohexanone as the extinguishing agent. Perfluorohexanone has excellent heat radiation blocking capabilities, effectively blocking intense heat radiation. When the fire suppression device 250 sprays, the high-pressure mist extinguishing agent impacts the surface of the burning material, wetting it and preventing further fire spread. Simultaneously, the high-pressure mist extinguishing agent also washes away smoke and exhaust gases, and emulsifies and dilutes liquids, effectively suppressing fires inside new energy battery boxes. The atomized perfluorohexanone acts on the surface of the ignition point, preventing reignition. Due to the properties of perfluorohexanone, its atomized gas will not cause chemical corrosion to electronic equipment, circuit boards, or electronic connectors.

[0056] This utility model fire prevention and control system can not only detect and suppress fires in box-level and cabinet-level battery boxes, but also build a fire detection and suppression system for compartment-level battery boxes to achieve effective fire suppression.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0058] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

Claims

1. A fire prevention and control system structure for an energy storage power station, characterized in that, include: The detector (210) is placed inside the energy storage battery box (130) to detect various gas parameters inside the box; Fire extinguishing nozzles (220) are arranged inside the energy storage battery box (130) and connected to branch pipes (240); Fire suppression device (250) is connected to main pipeline (230) to generate fire extinguishing gas; The branch valves are connected to each branch pipe (240) and the main pipe (230) respectively, and are used to control the connection and disconnection between each branch pipe (240) and the main pipe (230); When the detector (210) detects that the gas parameters in the box meet the fire characteristics, it sends a signal to the fire suppression device (250). The fire suppression device (250) generates fire extinguishing gas, which is diverted by the box valve and sprayed out by the fire extinguishing nozzle (220) to extinguish the fire in the box.

2. The fire prevention and control system structure for an energy storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an integrated control box, to which the detector (210), the sub-valve and the fire suppression device (250) are electrically connected.

3. The fire prevention and control system structure for an energy storage power station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The integrated control box is electrically connected to the fire alarm and the host computer.

4. The fire prevention and control system structure for an energy storage power station according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The sub-box valve has a thin insulating wall between each branch pipe (240) and the main pipe (230), and the sub-box valve uses an electric explosion method to break through the thin wall to form a passage.

5. The fire prevention and control system structure for an energy storage power station according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing nozzle (220) is located at the bottom of the energy storage battery box (130), and the detector (210) is located at the top of the energy storage battery box (130).

6. The fire prevention and control system structure for an energy storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detector (210) is a multi-parameter feature quantity composite detector, and the multi-parameter feature quantities include smoke, temperature, CO, and VOC gas parameter feature quantities.

7. The fire prevention and control system structure for an energy storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire suppression device (250) adopts a solid-state gas-generating driven structure, and the extinguishing medium of the fire suppression device (250) is perfluorohexanone.

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