Pepper flat screen sorting machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to an agricultural machine, namely a pepper flat sieve sorting machine, including a feeding port (1), a smashing bin (2), a sieve (3), its characterized in that: the sieve (3) is the rectangular groove surrounded by the frame, and the multiple roller shafts (8) are evenly distributed in the groove along the plane, and the sieve gap (9) that can sieve and drop the pepper fruits is between the adjacent roller shafts, the flat conveying belt (4) is installed on the frame (6) below the sieve, and when working, the pepper leaks from the sieve gap to the flat conveying belt, and then is sent out by the flat conveying belt. Advantageous effects are: the pepper fruits fall from the sieve gap, the stems are left above the sieve surface, the smashing of the stems is limited to the separation of the pepper from the stems, the smashing requirement is lower, and the fruit intact rate is greatly improved. The sieve is a plane sieve, occupies small space, has simple structure, and the sieve gap is convenient to adjust. Each roller shaft rotates in the same direction, and the pushing force for the material is great, and will not be blocked. It is expected to become the main machine for pepper screening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an agricultural machine, namely a chili pepper flat sieve sorting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, mechanized operations are widely implemented in large-scale chili-producing areas, especially in the harvesting and screening process, where time is tight and the workload is large. Chili screening machines are commonly used. Existing chili screening machines mainly consist of a feeding inlet, a crushing chamber, and a screening device. After harvesting, the chili plants are dried, causing the stems to dehydrate and become brittle, while the fruits soften. The harvested chili plants are fed into the feeding inlet of the screening machine, then into the crushing chamber for further crushing. The stems are mostly crushed into small pieces, while the chili fruits remain relatively resilient with minimal damage. The crushed material enters the screening device, separating the fruits from the stems. An existing screening device, described in "A Large Self-Propelled Chili Stem Separation Field Operation Machine (Patent No. ZL201921036953.8)," is cylindrical with multiple thin rods evenly distributed along the cylinder wall. The cylinder is tilted, with the front axis higher than the back. During operation, the cylinder rotates under the drive of a motor, sieving out the crushed stems, leaving the chili fruits flowing out from one end of the cylinder.

[0003] During use, the following shortcomings were found in this cylindrical sorting screen: First, it requires excessively fine crushing of the chili stems. Because the stem fragments are smaller than the chili fruits to pass through the screen, the crushing process is lengthy, and even after the chili fruits are separated from the stems, further crushing is required. This not only increases energy consumption but also raises the chili breakage rate. If the stems are not thoroughly crushed, they will mix with the chilies, requiring secondary manual sorting. Second, the gaps in the cylinder wall are difficult to adjust, resulting in poor adaptability. Third, it is bulky, leading to high manufacturing costs. Fourth, since the chili fruits flow by gravity, the stems easily stick and clog, hindering material flow and reducing the screening efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to develop a chili flat screening machine that features a shorter stem crushing process, a lower chili breakage rate, a significant chili screening effect, a simple structure, low cost, easily adjustable screen gap, and convenient operation.

[0005] The above objective is achieved by the following technical solution: a chili pepper flat screening and sorting machine is provided, including a feeding port, a crushing chamber, and a screening device, characterized in that: the screening device has multiple rollers horizontally installed on a rectangular plane formed by two side frames, and the gaps between adjacent rollers are sieve gaps that can screen chili pepper fruits; a flat conveyor belt is installed below the screening device, and during operation, the chili peppers fall from the sieve gaps onto the flat conveyor belt, and are then conveyed out by the flat conveyor belt.

[0006] The roller is cylindrical.

[0007] The roller shaft is equipped with multiple annular plates on its periphery. The annular plates of two adjacent roller shafts are staggered, and each annular plate of a roller shaft is inserted between two annular plates of an adjacent roller shaft.

[0008] The outer edge of the annular plate is evenly distributed with multiple protruding teeth.

[0009] The annular piece is a polygonal piece.

[0010] The end of the sieve is provided with a horizontal throwing belt extending outward from the sieve, and the stems sent out by the sieve fall onto the horizontal throwing belt and are sent out.

[0011] An adjustment device is provided between the rollers.

[0012] The adjusting device has rotating bearings at both ends of the roller shaft, and the bearings are installed on the longitudinal beam below the screen frame by means of a clamping plate and a U-shaped clamp.

[0013] The distance adjustment device consists of an intermediate wheel installed between the drive wheels of two adjacent rollers, and the distance between the center of the intermediate wheel and the centers of the two drive wheels is adjustable.

[0014] A pressure beam is provided on the shaft seat of the transmission wheel. The axle of the intermediate wheel is mounted on the shaft seat beam. The pressure beam and the shaft seat beam are connected by a pressure adjusting bolt. By rotating the pressure adjusting bolt, the distance between the pressure beam and the shaft seat beam can be changed. At the same time, the distance between the center of the intermediate wheel and the center of the shaft of the transmission wheel to which it is connected can be changed, thereby adjusting the distance between adjacent roller shafts.

[0015] The front end of the sieve or the front end of the conveyor belt is provided with a section of inclined screen, with the bottom of the inclined screen opposite the chili seed box.

[0016] The screening device has two or more layers, and each layer of screening device is provided with a flat conveyor belt underneath. The front end of the lower layer of screening device is opposite to the end of the upper layer of flat conveyor belt.

[0017] The screen has two layers, which are installed parallel to each other. The screen gap of the upper screen is larger than that of the lower screen, and a conveyor belt is installed below the lower screen.

[0018] The conveyor belt has a screen made of flexible filaments.

[0019] A baffle is installed between the upper and lower edges of the conveyor belt. The cross-section of the baffle is a downward sloping surface. The sloping surface includes a plane, a sharp angle, or a rounded surface that can separate the material to one or both sides below the conveyor belt.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the chili peppers fall through the sieve gaps while the stems remain above the sieve surface; the shredding of the stems is limited to the point where the chili peppers detach from the stems, resulting in a shorter shredding process and a significantly improved fruit integrity rate. The sieve is a flat screen, occupying little space, with a simple structure and convenient sieve gap adjustment. All rollers rotate in the same direction, providing a strong pushing force on the material and preventing clogging. It is expected to become a leading machine for chili pepper screening. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is the front view of the first embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of the first embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an assembly front view of the sieve in the first embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a top view of the assembled sieve of the first embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a front view of the roller shaft component of the screener in the second embodiment;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a top view of the roller shaft component of the screener in the second embodiment;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a front view of the roller shaft component of the screener in the second embodiment;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a left view of the roller shaft, a component of the screener in the second embodiment;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a left view of the roller shaft, a component of the sieve in the third embodiment;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a left view of the roller shaft, a component of the screener in the fourth embodiment;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a partial front view of the fifth embodiment;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a partial top view of the fifth embodiment;

[0033] Figure 13 This is a partial front view of the sieve in the sixth embodiment;

[0034] Figure 14 This is a partial top view of the sieve in the sixth embodiment;

[0035] Figure 15 This is a partial front view of the sieve in the seventh embodiment;

[0036] Figure 16 This is a partial left view of the sieve in the seventh embodiment;

[0037] Figure 17 This is a partial front view of the sieve in the seventh embodiment;

[0038] Figure 18 This is a partial front view of the eighth embodiment;

[0039] Figure 19 This is a partial top view of the eighth embodiment;

[0040] Figure 20 This is a partial front view of the ninth embodiment;

[0041] Figure 21 This is a partial front view of the tenth embodiment;

[0042] Figure 22 This is a partial front view of the eleventh embodiment;

[0043] Figure 23 This is a partial top view of the component conveyor belt in the twelfth embodiment;

[0044] Figure 24 This is a partial front view of the component conveyor belt in the twelfth embodiment;

[0045] Figure 25 This is a left view of a structure of the component conveyor belt in the twelfth embodiment;

[0046] Figure 26 This is a left view of another structure of the component conveyor belt in the twelfth embodiment.

[0047] The diagram shows: 1. Feed inlet; 2. Crushing chamber; 3. Screener; 4. Horizontal conveyor belt; 5. Elevator belt; 6. Frame; 7. Power unit; 8. Roller shaft; 9. Screen gap; 10. Annular plate; 11. Convex tooth; 12. Polygonal plate; 13. Horizontal throwing belt; 14. Screen frame; 15. Longitudinal beam; 16. Shaft seat; 17. Drive wheel; 18. Clamping plate; 19. U-shaped clamp; 20. Pressure beam; 21. Intermediate wheel; 22. Shaft seat beam; 23. Adjustable bolt; 24. Gear; 25. Inclined screen; 26. Chili seed box; 27. Screen; 28. Upper side; 29. ​​Lower side; 30. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0048] First embodiment: Figure 1 , Figure 2 An example of a chili pepper flat screening machine is given, which, in sequence, includes a feeding port 1, a crushing chamber 2, and a screening device 3. All of these components are mounted on a frame 6, which may have wheels underneath. A power unit 7 is mounted on the front of the upper part of the frame. This power unit can be a diesel engine.

[0049] The feeding port is equipped with a conveyor belt. Cut and dried chili pepper plants are fed into the feeder and pushed upwards and backwards by the conveyor belt into the subsequent crushing chamber. After crushing, the stems are broken into fragments, while the dried chilies become more resilient and less prone to breakage, merely separating from the stems. The crushed material is then fed into a subsequent screening device for sieving.

[0050] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 As can be seen, the sieve 3 is a rectangular groove surrounded by a frame, with multiple rollers 8 evenly distributed along the plane inside the groove, and sieve gaps 9 between adjacent rollers that can screen out the pepper fruits; a flat conveyor belt 4 is installed on the frame 6 below the sieve. During operation, the peppers fall from the sieve gaps onto the flat conveyor belt and are then conveyed out by the flat conveyor belt.

[0051] The roller shown in the diagram is a simple type 8, which is cylindrical. The roller can be made of plastic, which is less likely to damage the material and is resistant to corrosion. Multiple cylinders are installed side-by-side inside the screen to form a flat screen. Each roller has a rotating shaft and a drive wheel at one end. The drive wheel can be a sprocket, driven by a chain, ensuring that all rollers rotate in the same direction, towards the end of the screen surface. Thus, the peppers and stems pushed out of the crushing chamber pass through the roller screen surface. The peppers fall through the screen gaps onto the conveyor belt below and are carried out with the conveyor belt. The stems remain on top of the rollers and flow backward. Due to the low position of the screen and easy observation, 1-2 workers can perform sorting here. The remaining peppers are thrown onto the conveyor belt, and the pepper stems are pulled out and placed outside the frame.

[0052] Chili peppers delivered by the conveyor belt can be directly bagged, or... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the material is fed into the lifting belt 5, lifted to a high position, and then lowered through the discharge port at the high position for air separation. Relatively clean chilies can be directly loaded onto vehicles or stored in warehouses or other locations.

[0053] Compared to existing cylindrical screens, this roller flat screen has a simpler structure. Because the screen surface is positioned much lower than the original cylindrical screen, installation and maintenance are much easier. In particular, adjusting the roller gap is also convenient, enhancing the machine's adaptability.

[0054] The second embodiment is an improvement upon the first embodiment, such as... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the sieve 3 is a rectangular trough enclosed by a frame, with multiple rollers 8 evenly distributed along the plane inside the trough. Between adjacent rollers are sieve gaps 9 that allow chili peppers to fall through. A conveyor belt 4 is mounted on the frame 6 below the sieve. Combined with... Figure 7 , Figure 8As can be seen, multiple annular plates 10 are installed around the cylindrical roller 8. The annular plates of two adjacent rollers are staggered, and each annular plate of a roller is inserted between two annular plates of the adjacent roller.

[0055] With the addition of these annular plates, the peppers and stems are lifted by the plates during operation, and their path is not as smooth as that of a cylindrical surface, effectively increasing the damping of the movement. This gives the peppers a greater chance to enter the sieve gaps and be sieved onto the conveyor belt below, leaving very few remaining on the sieve surface.

[0056] The third embodiment is an improvement upon the second embodiment. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the outer edge of the annular plate 10 is evenly distributed with multiple protruding teeth 11.

[0057] After the addition of convex teeth to the annular blades of the roller, the material-clamping performance is significantly enhanced, which can better dampen or push the material. The screening effect of chili peppers and the pushing effect of stems are significantly improved.

[0058] Fourth embodiment: An improvement on the second embodiment, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the annular piece 10 outside the roller is a polygonal piece 12. Only a hexagon is shown in the figure; other polygons are also possible.

[0059] By using polygonal annular plates, the material's movement is accompanied by undulations, and the frequency of these rises and falls is very high, which can further push the chili peppers into the sieve gap, thereby further improving the screening rate.

[0060] Fifth embodiment: An improvement upon the foregoing embodiments. For example... Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, a transverse throwing belt 13 extending outwards is provided below the end of the sieve 3. The stalks sent out by the sieve fall onto the transverse throwing belt and are then conveyed to one side of the frame by the transverse throwing belt. In this way, the workload of manual sorting is greatly reduced, and the screening effect is further improved.

[0061] Sixth embodiment: The spacing between the rollers of the screener can be adjusted as needed, that is, a spacing adjustment device is provided. There are various types of spacing adjustment devices capable of performing the spacing adjustment process. Figure 13 , Figure 14One example is shown below. This type of spacing adjustment device has rotating bearing seats 16 located at both ends of the roller shaft 8, inside the drive wheel 17. The upper part of the bearing seat is semi-circular, and the lower part is rectangular, placed on the upper side of the longitudinal beam 15. It is then installed on the longitudinal beam 15 via a clamping plate, a U-shaped clamp 19, and a nut. This structure is easy to assemble and disassemble, allowing the position of the roller shaft to be changed as needed, as well as the distance between adjacent roller shafts. It can be adjusted not only to a uniformly distributed structure, i.e., a structure with equal spacing between rollers, but also to different densities. For example, at the front of the screener, where there is more material being screened, the roller spacing can be larger. As the material decreases later in the screen, the roller spacing can be closer.

[0062] Seventh embodiment: Figure 15 , Figure 16 This paper introduces a roller spacing adjustment device. As shown in the figure, the adjustment device consists of an intermediate wheel 21 installed between the drive wheels 17 of two adjacent rollers 8. The distance between the center of the intermediate wheel and the centers of the two drive wheels is adjustable. Changing the position of the intermediate wheel changes the roller spacing.

[0063] There are many specific structural methods; only one example is shown in the figure. As can be seen in the figure, the axle of the roller drive wheel is mounted in a bearing seat, and a pressure beam 20 is provided on the bearing seat. The bearing seat can slide on the pressure beam, or it can be fixed in place using the clamping plate and U-shaped clamp described in the previous embodiment. The axle of the intermediate wheel 21 is mounted on the bearing seat beam 22, preferably using a fixed structure. The pressure beam and the bearing seat beam are connected by an adjusting bolt 23. By rotating the nut of the adjusting bolt, the distance between the pressure beam and the bearing seat beam can be changed, and simultaneously the distance between the center of the intermediate wheel and the center of the engaged roller drive wheel can be changed, thus adjusting the distance between adjacent rollers.

[0064] Combination Figure 17 It can be seen that the transmission wheel 17 and the intermediate wheel 21 can be made of gear 24. Alternatively, as... Figure 15 , 16 As shown, a friction wheel is used. Clearly, both gears and friction wheels have their advantages. Gear transmission is more precise, while friction wheels facilitate stepless torque adjustment. Since the material on the screen is not heavy and the load is very low during operation, either type of transmission is acceptable.

[0065] Eighth embodiment: such as Figure 18 , Figure 19As shown, the sieve 3 has an inclined screen 25 at its front end. The front end of the inclined screen is connected to the outlet of the crushing chamber, and the lower end points towards the front of the sieve. The bottom of the inclined screen is opposite to the chili seed box 26 on the frame. As can be seen in the figure, the inclined screen can be made of woven metal wire, which can filter out debris smaller than chili fruits and chili seeds, allowing them to fall directly into the chili seed box. The chili seed box has a denser mesh to separate out fine soil and other impurities smaller than chili seeds, leaving only the chili seeds. The chili seed box can operate by the vibration of the machine itself, or a polarizer can be installed to enhance the vibration and improve operating efficiency.

[0066] Ninth embodiment: such as Figure 20 As shown, the front end of the conveyor belt 4 is provided with an inclined screen 25. The front section of the inclined screen is connected to the lower front of the sieve, the lower end points towards the front of the conveyor belt, and the bottom is opposite to the chili seed box 26. Its working method is the same as that of the eighth embodiment, and will not be repeated. This example illustrates that there are multiple ways to install the inclined screen.

[0067] Tenth embodiment: such as Figure 21 As shown, the screening device 3 has two or more layers, with a horizontal conveyor belt 4 underneath each layer. The front end of the lower screening device is opposite to the end of the upper horizontal conveyor belt. Compared with a single-layer screening device, this screening device is significantly more effective, even if the length is the same. This is because the material at the front of the upper screening device contains more impurities, resulting in more impurities falling onto the horizontal conveyor belt. Since all impurities are carried to the end by the horizontal conveyor belt, the cleanliness of the output material is low. After being separated into two layers, the material on the horizontal conveyor belt falls onto the lower screening device. At this point, there is less material, and the screening is more thorough. Larger stems and leaves are sent to one end and collected and thrown out by the horizontal throwing belt 13, resulting in fewer impurities and higher cleanliness in the harvested chili peppers.

[0068] Eleventh embodiment: as follows Figure 22 As shown, the screen 3 has two layers, which are installed in parallel to each other. The screen gap of the upper screen is larger than that of the lower screen, and a conveyor belt 4 is installed below the lower screen.

[0069] During operation, the upper screen retains larger materials, while smaller materials, including chili peppers, are sieved onto the lower screen. The lower screen then transfers the sieved chili peppers onto a conveyor belt below. This structure prevents materials from sticking together, significantly enhances the screening effect, and noticeably reduces the requirements for material crushing.

[0070] The twelfth embodiment: as follows Figure 23 As shown, the conveyor belt 4 has a screen 27 made of flexible filaments. During operation, fine debris mixed in with the chili peppers can be separated through the screen, thereby improving the cleanliness of the chili peppers.

[0071] Furthermore, such as Figure 24 As shown, a baffle 30 is installed between the upper edge 28 and the lower edge 29 of the conveyor belt 4. The upper edge is also called the tight edge, and the lower edge is called the loose edge. The baffle installed between the upper and lower edges can block material falling from the upper edge of the conveyor belt, preventing material from accumulating outside the drive wheel at the lower end and compromising the reliability of the transmission. Of course, in this example, since the entire conveyor belt has a screen, the material falling to the lower edge will be screened again, and with the influence of wind, clogging is not likely. However, adding a baffle can completely eliminate the possibility of clogging, making it a better choice.

[0072] Obviously, there are many types of baffles that can block U-shaped materials. Figure 25 One structure is illustrated. The cross-section of the baffle 30 in the figure is a downward sloping surface, which allows the blocked material to slide down to the lower side of the conveyor belt.

[0073] further, Figure 26 Another type of baffle 30 structure is introduced. The cross-section of the baffle is a sharp angle formed by two inclined surfaces. Such a baffle can divert the blocked material to both sides below the conveyor belt. Of course, the sharp angle here should be equivalent to all structures that can divert the debris screened off above to both sides of the conveyor belt, such as the arc shape.

Claims

1. A chili pepper flat screening and sorting machine, comprising a feeding port (1), a crushing chamber (2), and a screening device (3), characterized in that: The sieve (3) consists of multiple rollers (8) installed horizontally on a rectangular plane formed by two side frames. Between adjacent rollers (8) are sieve gaps (9) that can screen out chili peppers. A conveyor belt (4) is installed below the sieve (3). During operation, chili peppers fall from the sieve gaps (9) onto the conveyor belt (4) and are then conveyed out by the conveyor belt (4).

2. The pepper flat sizer of claim 1, wherein: The roller (8) is cylindrical.

3. The pepper flat sizer of claim 2, wherein: The roller (8) has multiple annular plates (10) installed on its periphery. The annular plates (10) of two adjacent rollers (8) are staggered. Each annular plate (10) of one roller (8) is inserted between two annular plates (10) of the adjacent roller (8).

4. The pepper flat sizer of claim 3, wherein: The outer edge of the annular piece (10) is evenly distributed with multiple protruding teeth (11).

5. The pepper flat sizer of claim 3, wherein: The annular piece (10) is a polygonal piece (12).

6. The pepper flat sizer of claim 1, wherein: The end of the sieve (3) is provided with a horizontal throwing belt (13) extending outward from the sieve (3), and the stems sent out by the sieve fall onto the horizontal throwing belt (13) and are sent out.

7. The pepper flat sizer of claim 1, wherein: An adjustment device is provided between the rollers.

8. The pepper flat sizer of claim 7, wherein: The adjusting device has rotating bearings (16) at both ends of the roller (8), and the bearings are installed on the longitudinal beam (15) below the screen frame (14) through a clamping plate (18) and a U-shaped clamp (19).

9. The chili pepper flat screening and sorting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance adjustment device is an intermediate wheel (21) installed between the transmission wheels (17) of two adjacent roller shafts (8), and the distance between the center of the intermediate wheel and the center of the two transmission wheels is adjustable.

10. The pepper flat sizer of claim 9, wherein: A pressure beam (20) is provided on the bearing seat of the transmission wheel (17). The axle of the intermediate wheel (21) is installed on the bearing seat beam (22). The pressure beam and the bearing seat beam are connected by a pressure adjusting bolt (23). By rotating the pressure adjusting bolt, the distance between the pressure beam and the bearing seat beam can be changed. At the same time, the distance between the center of the intermediate wheel and the center of the shaft of the transmission wheel (17) can be changed, thereby adjusting the distance between adjacent roller shafts.

11. The pepper flat sizer of claim 1, wherein: The front end of the sieve (3) or the front end of the flat conveyor belt (4) is provided with a section of inclined screen (25), and the bottom of the inclined screen is opposite to the chili seed box (26).

12. The pepper flat sizer of claim 1, wherein: The screener (3) and the conveyor belt (4) are provided with two or more layers, with the front end of the lower layer screener facing the end of the upper layer conveyor belt.

13. The pepper flat sizer of claim 1, wherein: The screen (3) has two layers, which are installed in parallel to each other. The screen gap of the upper screen is larger than that of the lower screen. A conveyor belt (4) is installed below the lower screen.

14. The pepper flat sizer of claim 1, wherein: The conveyor belt (4) has a screen (27) woven from flexible filaments.

15. The pepper flat sizer of claim 14, wherein: A baffle (30) is installed between the upper side (28) and the lower side (29) of the flat conveyor belt (4). The cross section of the baffle is a downward sloping surface, including a flat surface, a sharp corner surface, or a rounded surface that can separate the material to one or both sides below the flat conveyor belt.

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