Power transmission and steering connecting structure of tractor transport unit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of power transmission and steering connecting structure of tractor transport unit, including traction outer frame, traction inner frame, fork type drawbar, double ball cage constant velocity universal joint, transmission shaft, drawbar sleeve, double cross universal joint, transmission assembly and transmission shaft universal joint, fork type drawbar includes fork type end and drawbar, the traction outer frame is hinged with traction inner frame, and is connected with tractor head's transmission case, the traction inner frame is hinged with the fork type end of fork type drawbar, double ball cage constant velocity universal joint is installed in the cavity formed by traction inner frame and fork type end, between the transmission shaft and transmission assembly is connected by double cross universal joint. The utility model passes through using double ball cage constant velocity universal joint, can make tractor group more safe when turning angle is larger;By increasing shift mechanism, tractor group can have greater driving force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a connection structure between a tractor head and a trailer, specifically to a power transmission and steering connection structure for a tractor transport unit. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, tractor locomotives and trailers are connected via a draw ring and a pin. When connected, they can be used as a tractor-trailer unit, or the tractor locomotive can be separated and used independently. Because existing trailers lack their own power input, when connected to a tractor locomotive for use as a tractor-trailer unit, the drive wheels are prone to slippage on muddy, uneven roads or steep inclines, especially in rainy weather, making driving even more difficult. Turning and reversing are also inconvenient, requiring wide turns; they are difficult to control and have poor safety. Due to these problems with existing trailers and their connection structure, the scope and efficiency of tractor use are limited, and certain safety hazards are created.

[0003] In 2023, the applicant applied for a utility model patent entitled “A connection structure between a tractor head and a trailer”. Although the patent can solve the above-mentioned problems of existing trailers and the connection structure between trailers and tractor heads to a certain extent, the following problems were found during use: (1) The steering gear set is prone to overheating and noise during use, and is also relatively troublesome to disassemble and assemble. When the turning angle is large, the head will lift up and the tires of the head will leave the ground, which poses a certain safety hazard; (2) The universal joint between the drive shaft and the transmission assembly is a single universal joint. Since the drive shaft and the transmission assembly are usually not on the same straight line, the single universal joint cannot effectively adjust the angle between the two, affecting the power transmission; (3) The transmission assembly has only one gear. When encountering muddy, uneven roads, steep slopes, or when the trailer is carrying heavy loads, the power is insufficient, and the wheels of the tractor head are prone to slipping, which is unsafe. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a power transmission and steering connection structure for a tractor transport unit to address the shortcomings of the existing technology. This connection structure enables the tractor transport unit to have stronger driving force and improves safety performance when the tractor transport unit turns at large angles.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A power transmission and steering connection structure for a tractor transport unit includes a traction inner frame, a fork-type drawbar, a drive shaft, a drawbar sleeve, a transmission assembly, and a drive shaft universal joint. The fork-type drawbar includes a fork-type end and a drawbar, one end of which is fixedly connected to the fork-type end. The drawbar is hollow and passes through the drawbar sleeve. The drive shaft is rotatably mounted in the drawbar. The transmission assembly is connected to the drive shaft and the trailer drive shaft respectively via universal joints. The drawbar sleeve and the transmission assembly housing are fixed on the trailer frame. The unit also includes a double ball-cage constant velocity universal joint and a traction outer frame. The traction outer frame is hinged to the traction inner frame and connected to the gearbox housing of the tractor head. The traction inner frame is hinged to the fork-type drawbar end. The double ball-cage constant velocity universal joint is installed in the cavity formed by the traction inner frame and the fork-type end.

[0007] The dual-cage constant velocity universal joint includes a front ball cage assembly, a rear ball cage assembly, and an intermediate connecting shaft. The front and rear ball cage assemblies are symmetrically mounted on both ends of the intermediate connecting shaft. Each front and rear ball cage assembly includes a ball cage outer shell, a steel ball retainer, a star-shaped steel ball sleeve, and steel balls. The star-shaped steel ball sleeve is fixedly mounted on the intermediate connecting shaft and has star-shaped recesses. The inner side of the ball cage outer shell is machined with an arc-shaped track for the steel balls to roll. Multiple steel balls can be rotatably mounted in the recesses of the star-shaped steel ball sleeve through the steel ball retainer and can roll along the arc-shaped track of the ball cage outer shell. The input end of the front ball cage outer shell is connected to the power output shaft of the tractor head gearbox, and the output end of the rear ball cage outer shell is connected to the drive shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a shift mechanism assembly, which includes a shift lever, a shift lever seat, a shift lever lever arm, and two sets of flexible shaft pull forks and flexible shafts. The lower end of the shift lever seat is installed next to the tractor seat, and its upper end is provided with a shift groove. The shift lever is located in the shift groove, and its lower end is fixed with a shift lever lever arm. The flexible shaft pull fork includes a fork seat and a fixed seat. The fixed seat is installed on the shift lever seat. One end of the flexible shaft is connected to the fork seat, and the other end passes through the fixed seat and is connected to the transmission assembly. Pushing or pulling the shift lever causes the shift lever lever arm to push the fork seat, thereby connecting the flexible shaft with different shift fork shafts of the transmission assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the universal joint between the drive shaft and the transmission assembly is a double cross universal joint, which is formed by welding two cross universal joints together.

[0010] Furthermore, the star-shaped steel ball sleeve is fixedly mounted on the intermediate connecting shaft by a retaining ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a transmission input end, a transmission output end, second and third gear shift fork shafts, a reverse gear shift fork shaft, second and third gear drive sliding gears, and a reverse gear drive sliding gear. The transmission input end is connected to the drive shaft, the transmission output end is connected to the trailer drive shaft, and the second and third gear shift fork shafts and the reverse gear shift fork shaft are respectively connected to the flexible shaft of the shift mechanism assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the gear ratios of the second, third, and reverse gears of the transmission assembly are 0.363, 0.578, and 0.305, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the input and output ends of the double ball cage constant velocity universal joint are respectively connected to the power output shaft and drive shaft of the tractor head gearbox via key connections.

[0014] Furthermore, a protective rubber sleeve is provided around the central connecting shaft of the double ball cage constant velocity universal joint.

[0015] This utility model has the following effects:

[0016] (1) By adopting a double ball cage constant velocity universal joint, this utility model can make the tractor transport unit safer when the turning angle is large, and it is less noisy and less prone to overheating during use;

[0017] (2) By adding a shifting mechanism, this utility model can enable the tractor transport unit to have greater driving force. When encountering muddy, uneven roads or steep slopes, the drive wheels will not slip, the climbing ability is stronger, and the safety performance is higher.

[0018] (3) By adopting a double cross universal joint, this utility model can effectively adjust the angle between the drive shaft and the gearbox assembly, making the power transmission smoother;

[0019] (4) This utility model is easy to assemble and disassemble. When the tractor head needs to be used alone, the connecting structure can be easily removed to separate the tractor head from the trailer, thereby improving the tractor's range of use and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A half-sectional schematic diagram of a double-ball cage constant velocity universal joint;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the steel ball cage structure;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the star-shaped steel ball sleeve;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the mid-gear shift mechanism assembly;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the transmission assembly;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transmission assembly;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the present invention in use.

[0029] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Traction outer frame; 2. Traction inner frame; 3. Hinge pin; 4. Fork-type drawbar; 41. Fork-type end; 42. Drawbar; 5. Double ball cage constant velocity universal joint; 51. Ball cage outer sleeve; 52. Star-shaped steel ball sleeve; 53. Steel ball; 54. Steel ball cage; 55. Intermediate connecting shaft; 56. Snap ring; 57. Protective rubber sleeve; 6. Drive shaft; 7. Drawbar sleeve; 8. Double cross universal joint; 9. Transmission assembly; 91. Transmission input end; 92. Transmission output end; 93. Second and third gear shift fork shaft; 94. Reverse gear shift fork shaft; 95. Second and third gear drive sliding gear; 96. Reverse gear drive sliding gear; 10. Drive shaft universal joint; 11. Gear shifting mechanism assembly; 111. Handle ball; 112. Gear lever; 113. Gear lever seat; 114. Gear lever lever arm; 115. Flexible shaft pull fork; 116. Flexible shaft; 12. Trailer drive shaft; 13. Trailer drive axle; 14. Trailer. Detailed Implementation

[0030] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the power transmission and steering connection structure of the tractor transport unit provided in this embodiment includes a traction outer frame 1, a traction inner frame 2, a fork-type drawbar 4, a double ball-cage constant velocity universal joint 5, a drive shaft 6, a drawbar sleeve 7, a double cross universal joint 8, a transmission assembly 9, a drive shaft universal joint 10, and a shift mechanism assembly 11. The traction outer frame 1 is bolted to the gearbox housing of the tractor head and is simultaneously hinged to the traction inner frame 2. The fork-type drawbar 4 includes a fork-type end 41 and a drawbar 42. The traction inner frame 2 is hinged to the fork-type end 41 of the fork-type drawbar 4. The double ball-cage constant velocity universal joint 5 is installed in the cavity formed by the traction inner frame 2 and the fork-type end 41.

[0031] The double-cage constant velocity universal joint 5 includes a front ball cage assembly, a rear ball cage assembly, and an intermediate connecting shaft 55. The front and rear ball cage assemblies are symmetrically mounted at both ends of the intermediate connecting shaft 55. Each front and rear ball cage assembly includes a ball cage outer sleeve 51, a star-shaped steel ball sleeve 52, steel balls 53, and a steel ball retainer 54. The star-shaped steel ball sleeve 52 is fixedly mounted on the intermediate connecting shaft 55 by a retaining ring 56. The star-shaped steel ball sleeve 52 has star-shaped recesses. The inner side of the ball cage outer sleeve 51 is machined with an arc-shaped track for the steel balls to roll. Multiple steel balls 53 are rotatably mounted in the recesses of the star-shaped steel ball sleeve 52 through the steel ball retainer 54 and can roll along the arc-shaped track of the ball cage outer sleeve 51. The input end of the front ball cage outer sleeve is connected to the power output shaft of the tractor head gearbox via a key connection, and the output end of the rear ball cage outer sleeve is connected to the drive shaft 6 via a key connection. The outer periphery of the intermediate connecting shaft 55 is provided with a protective rubber sleeve 57 for dust prevention. This utility model, with its double ball cage constant velocity universal joint 5, can turn up, down, left, and right with a maximum angle of 70-90 degrees, thus avoiding the safety hazard of the front of the vehicle lifting up and the front wheels leaving the ground when turning at large angles.

[0032] The drawbar 42 is hollow and passes through the drawbar sleeve 7. The drawbar sleeve 7 is fixed on the frame of the trailer 14. The drive shaft 6 is rotatably installed in the drawbar 42. The other end of the drive shaft 6 is connected to the transmission assembly 9 through a double universal joint 8. The double universal joint 8 is composed of two universal joints welded together. In this way, the power transmission is not affected when the drive shaft 6 and the transmission assembly 9 are not in a straight line.

[0033] This utility model also includes a shift mechanism assembly 11, which includes a handle ball 111, a shift lever 112, a shift lever seat 113, a shift lever lever arm 114, and two sets of flexible shaft pull forks 115 and a flexible shaft 116. The lower end of the shift lever seat 113 is installed next to the tractor seat, and its upper end is provided with a shift groove. The shift lever 112 is located in the shift groove, and its upper end is fixed with a handle ball 111, and its lower end is installed with a shift lever arm 114. The flexible shaft pull fork 115 includes a fork seat and a fixed seat. The fixed seat is installed on the shift lever seat 113. One end of the flexible shaft 116 is connected to the fork seat, and the other end passes through the fixed seat and is connected to the transmission assembly 9. Pushing or pulling the shift lever 112 causes the shift lever arm 114 to push the fork seat, thereby connecting the flexible shaft 116 with different shift fork shafts of the transmission assembly 9.

[0034] The transmission assembly 9 includes a housing, a transmission input end 91, a transmission output end 92, second and third gear shift fork shafts 93, a reverse gear shift fork shaft 94, second and third gear drive sliding gears 95, and a reverse gear drive sliding gear 96. The transmission input end 91 is connected to the drive shaft 6 via a double universal joint 8, and the transmission output end 92 is connected to the trailer drive shaft 12 via a drive shaft universal joint 10. The other end of the trailer drive shaft 12 is connected to the trailer axle drive axle 13 via a universal joint. The bottom of the transmission assembly 9 is fixed to the chassis frame of the trailer 14. The second and third gear shift fork shafts 93 and the reverse gear shift fork shaft 94 are respectively connected to a flexible shaft 116. By operating the shift mechanism assembly 11, the gears of different gears in the transmission assembly 9 can be engaged, thereby increasing the driving force of the entire tractor unit. The gear ratios of the second, third, and reverse gears in the transmission assembly 9 are 0.363, 0.578, and 0.305, respectively.

[0035] When it is necessary to separate the tractor head from the trailer, the pin can be removed to separate the outer traction frame 1 from the inner traction frame 2. At this time, the tractor head can be used alone for agricultural operations such as plowing and tilling. Conversely, if the outer traction frame 1 is connected to the inner traction frame 2 by the pin, it can be used as a tractor transport unit. It is easy to install and safe to use.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any modifications and substitutions based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts provided by the present utility model should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A power transmission and steering connection structure of a tractor trailer unit, comprising a traction inner frame, a forked traction rod, a transmission shaft, a traction rod sleeve, a transmission assembly and a transmission shaft universal joint, the forked traction rod comprising a forked end and a traction rod, one end of the traction rod being fixedly connected with the forked end, the traction rod being hollow and penetrating through the traction rod sleeve, the transmission shaft being rotatably installed in the traction rod, the transmission assembly being connected with the transmission shaft and a trailer transmission shaft respectively through the universal joint, the traction rod sleeve and a transmission assembly shell being fixed on a trailer frame, characterized in that: It also includes a double ball cage constant velocity universal joint and a traction outer frame. The traction outer frame is connected to the gearbox housing of the tractor head and is hinged to the traction inner frame. The traction inner frame is hinged to the fork end of the fork-type drawbar. The double ball cage constant velocity universal joint is installed in the cavity formed by the traction inner frame and the fork end. The dual-cage constant velocity universal joint includes a front ball cage assembly, a rear ball cage assembly, and an intermediate connecting shaft. The front and rear ball cage assemblies are symmetrically mounted on both ends of the intermediate connecting shaft. Each front and rear ball cage assembly includes a ball cage outer shell, a steel ball retainer, a star-shaped steel ball sleeve, and steel balls. The star-shaped steel ball sleeve is fixedly mounted on the intermediate connecting shaft and has star-shaped recesses. The inner side of the ball cage outer shell is machined with an arc-shaped track for the steel balls to roll. Multiple steel balls can be rotatably mounted in the recesses of the star-shaped steel ball sleeve through the steel ball retainer and can roll along the arc-shaped track of the ball cage outer shell. The input end of the front ball cage outer shell is connected to the power output shaft of the tractor head gearbox, and the output end of the rear ball cage outer shell is connected to the drive shaft.

2. The power transmission and steering connection structure of the tractor transport unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a shift mechanism assembly, which includes a shift lever, a shift lever seat, a shift lever lever arm, two sets of flexible shaft pull forks and a flexible shaft. The lower end of the shift lever seat is installed next to the tractor seat, and its upper end is provided with a shift groove. The shift lever is located in the shift groove, and its lower end is fixed with a shift lever lever arm. The flexible shaft pull fork includes a fork seat and a fixed seat. The fixed seat is installed on the shift lever seat. One end of the flexible shaft is connected to the fork seat, and the other end of the flexible shaft passes through the fixed seat and is connected to the transmission assembly. Pushing or pulling the shift lever causes the shift lever lever arm to push the fork seat, thereby connecting the flexible shaft with different shift fork shafts of the transmission assembly.

3. The power transmission and steering connection structure of the tractor transport unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The universal joint between the drive shaft and the transmission assembly is a double cross universal joint, which is formed by welding two cross universal joints together.

4. The power transmission and steering connection structure of the tractor transport unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a housing, a transmission input end, a transmission output end, second and third gear shift fork shafts, a reverse gear shift fork shaft, second and third gear drive sliding gears, and a reverse gear drive sliding gear. The transmission input end is connected to the drive shaft, and the transmission output end is connected to the trailer drive shaft. The second and third gear shift fork shafts and the reverse gear shift fork shaft are respectively connected to the flexible shaft of the shift mechanism assembly.

5. The power transmission and steering connection structure of the tractor transport unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear ratios of the second, third, and reverse gears of the transmission assembly are 0.363, 0.578, and 0.305, respectively.

6. The power transmission and steering connection structure of the tractor transport unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The star-shaped steel ball sleeve of the double ball cage constant velocity universal joint is fixedly installed on the intermediate connecting shaft by a retaining ring.

7. The power transmission and steering connection structure of the tractor transport unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input and output ends of the double ball cage constant velocity universal joint are connected to the power output shaft and drive shaft of the tractor head gearbox via keys.

8. The power transmission and steering connection structure of the tractor transport unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the intermediate connecting shaft of the double ball cage constant velocity universal joint is provided with a protective rubber sleeve.

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