Battery cell module, battery pack, and vehicle
By using thermal insulation components and phase change cooling layers in the cell modules, heat transfer between cells is isolated, solving the problem of thermal runaway propagation in cells and improving the energy density and stability of the battery pack.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CRYSTAL CORE ENERGY (JIAXING) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
Traditional battery packs use cooling plates and thermal pads between cells, which reduces energy density and can easily cause thermal runaway in adjacent modules, affecting the stable operation of the battery pack.
The thermal insulation assembly, which is formed by multiple thermal insulation components, includes a phase change cooling layer to isolate heat transfer between adjacent cells and absorb heat through phase change in the event of thermal runaway, thereby reducing the cell temperature and preventing heat diffusion.
It improves the space utilization of the battery cells, prevents thermal runaway from spreading, and ensures the stable operation and safety of the battery pack.
Smart Images
Figure CN224400446U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, specifically to a cell module, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] In related technologies, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the growing anxiety about energy replenishment and range is driving the demand for high-capacity, high-energy-density batteries. This contradiction with the concentrated heat generation of highly integrated cells during fast charging, which can easily lead to thermal runaway, has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed. Traditional battery packs typically place cooling plates on the bottom of the cells and use thermal insulation pads between adjacent cells to isolate heat transfer and prevent the spread of thermal runaway. However, thermal insulation pads and cooling plates occupy space within the cells, reducing their energy density. Furthermore, overheating cells may generate high-temperature gases, flames, or electrolytes, which can affect neighboring modules and potentially trigger thermal runaway in those modules, thus compromising the stable operation of the battery pack. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application provides a battery cell module, a battery pack, and a vehicle through multiple embodiments, aiming to solve the problem that thermal runaway of a certain battery cell will trigger thermal runaway of adjacent battery cell modules.
[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery cell module, the battery cell module including a battery cell assembly, a heat insulation assembly, and a liquid cooling plate. The battery cell assembly includes a plurality of stacked battery cells, which are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction. The heat insulation assembly includes a plurality of first heat insulation members, each forming a first accommodating cavity, within which a phase change cooling layer is formed. The first heat insulation members are disposed between adjacent battery cells along the first direction. The liquid cooling plate is disposed on one side of the battery cell assembly along a third direction, and the first heat insulation members are disposed on the liquid cooling plate. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular. On the plane containing the second direction and the third direction, the area of the first heat insulation member is greater than or equal to the area of the battery cell.
[0005] In this way, the cell module can achieve thermal isolation between adjacent cells through the first heat insulation component. If one of them experiences thermal runaway, the phase change cooling layer in the first housing cavity can effectively absorb a large amount of heat from the thermal runaway through phase change, reduce the temperature of the thermal runaway cell itself, and effectively prevent heat diffusion, ensuring the safety of surrounding cells without thermal runaway.
[0006] Optionally, the heat insulation assembly further includes a second heat insulation member, the second heat insulation member having a second receiving cavity, the phase change cooling layer being formed in the second receiving cavity, and the second heat insulation member being disposed between adjacent cells along the second direction.
[0007] Thus, the second heat insulation element can be combined with the first heat insulation element to form a heat insulation array, further isolating heat transfer between battery cells.
[0008] Optionally, the battery cell is rectangular, and the dimension of the battery cell in the second direction is larger than the dimension in the first direction.
[0009] This makes it easier to arrange multiple battery cells neatly in a matrix formed by the first and second directions, thus improving space utilization.
[0010] Optionally, the battery cell assembly further includes an explosion-proof valve and an electrode disposed on the surface of the battery cell, the explosion-proof valve and the electrode being distributed along the second direction on one surface of the battery cell, and the explosion-proof valve and the electrode avoiding the heat insulation assembly.
[0011] In this way, even if the internal pressure of the battery cell suddenly rises to the point of exceeding the safety threshold and opening the explosion-proof valve, the high-temperature electrolyte vapor will not be sprayed directly onto adjacent battery cells, further reducing the risk of heat diffusion.
[0012] Optionally, the phase change temperature of the phase change cooling layer is 70℃-130℃.
[0013] Thus, when the cell temperature rises to the phase change temperature range of the phase change cooling layer, the solid-gas phase change of the phase change cooling layer can absorb a large amount of heat and suppress the cell temperature from rising further.
[0014] Optionally, the liquid cooling plate includes a first liquid cooling plate and a second liquid cooling plate, wherein the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate are respectively disposed on both sides of the cell assembly along the third direction.
[0015] In this way, the upper and lower liquid cooling plates can bring stronger active heat dissipation capabilities, while further enclosing the battery cells in a specific space.
[0016] Optionally, the heat insulation assembly further includes a third heat insulation element disposed around the outer periphery of the battery cell assembly.
[0017] In this way, the battery cell module can be provided with stronger heat absorption and insulation performance, while further enclosing the battery cell in a specific space.
[0018] Optionally, the third heat insulation member has a third receiving cavity, and a phase change cooling layer is formed inside the third receiving cavity.
[0019] In this way, the phase change cooling layer in the third insulation component can further prevent thermal runaway of the battery cell.
[0020] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack, the battery pack including a housing and a cell module as described in any of the above claims, the housing forming an accommodating space, and the cell module disposed within the accommodating space.
[0021] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle, the vehicle including a vehicle body and the aforementioned battery pack, the battery pack being disposed on the vehicle body.
[0022] In this embodiment, the battery cell module includes a battery cell assembly, a heat insulation assembly, and a liquid cooling plate. The battery cell assembly includes multiple stacked battery cells arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction. The heat insulation assembly includes multiple first heat insulation elements, each forming a first receiving cavity. A phase change cooling layer is formed within the first receiving cavity. First heat insulation elements are disposed between adjacent battery cells along the first direction. The liquid cooling plate is disposed on one side of the battery cell assembly along a third direction, and the first heat insulation elements are disposed on the liquid cooling plate. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular. Thus, the battery cell module can achieve thermal isolation between adjacent battery cells through the first heat insulation elements. In the event of thermal runaway in one of the cells, the phase change cooling layer in the first receiving cavity can effectively absorb a large amount of heat from the thermal runaway, reducing the temperature of the thermally runaway cell and effectively preventing heat diffusion, ensuring the safety of surrounding battery cells without thermal runaway. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell module provided for one embodiment of this specification.
[0024] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of a cell module provided for one embodiment of this specification.
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided for one embodiment of this specification.
[0026] Figure 4 This is yet another structural schematic diagram of a battery cell module provided as an embodiment of this specification.
[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided for one embodiment of this specification.
[0028] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of a battery cell provided for one embodiment of this specification.
[0029] Figure 7 This is another structural schematic diagram of a battery cell module provided as an embodiment of this specification.
[0030] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided for one embodiment of this specification.
[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures
[0032] 100. Battery cell module; 10. Battery cell assembly; 11. Battery cell; 12. Explosion-proof valve; 13. Electrode; 20. Thermal insulation assembly; 21. First thermal insulation component; 211. First receiving cavity; 22. Second thermal insulation component; 221. Second receiving cavity; 23. Third thermal insulation component; 231. Third receiving cavity; 24. Phase change cooling layer; 30. Liquid cooling plate; 31. First liquid cooling plate; 32. Second liquid cooling plate; 200. Battery pack; 201. Housing; 300. Vehicle; 301. Vehicle body. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.
[0034] In this specification, the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and local features may be enlarged or reduced to show the details of the local features more clearly.
[0035] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this specification. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The singular forms "a," "the," and "the" as used in this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0036] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this specification, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0037] In the description of this specification, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "height," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of simplifying the description in this specification and do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. In other words, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0038] In the description of this specification, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," "setting," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can also refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this specification according to the specific circumstances.
[0039] In related technologies, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the growing anxiety about energy replenishment and range is driving the demand for high-capacity, high-energy-density batteries. This contradiction with the concentrated heat generation of highly integrated cells during fast charging, which can easily lead to thermal runaway, has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed. Traditional battery packs typically place cooling plates on the bottom of the cells and use thermal insulation pads between adjacent cells to isolate heat transfer and prevent the spread of thermal runaway. However, thermal insulation pads and cooling plates occupy space within the cells, reducing their energy density. Furthermore, overheating cells may generate high-temperature gases, flames, or electrolytes, which can affect neighboring modules and potentially trigger thermal runaway in those modules, thus compromising the stable operation of the battery pack.
[0040] Please see Figures 1 to 3 One embodiment of this application provides a battery cell module 100, which includes a battery cell assembly 10, a heat insulation assembly 20, and a liquid cooling plate 30. The battery cell assembly 10 includes a plurality of stacked battery cells 11, which are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction. The heat insulation assembly 20 includes a plurality of first heat insulation elements 21, each forming a first receiving cavity 211, within which a phase change cooling layer 24 is formed. A first heat insulation element 21 is disposed between adjacent battery cells 11 along the first direction. The liquid cooling plate 30 is disposed on one side of the battery cell assembly 10 along a third direction, and the first heat insulation elements 21 are disposed on the liquid cooling plate 30. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular. On the plane containing the second direction and the third direction, the area of the first heat insulation element 21 is greater than or equal to the area of the battery cell 11.
[0041] In this embodiment, the battery cell module 100 includes a battery cell assembly 10, a heat insulation assembly 20, and a liquid cooling plate 30. The battery cell assembly 10 includes a plurality of stacked battery cells 11, which are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction. The heat insulation assembly 20 includes a plurality of first heat insulation elements 21, each forming a first receiving cavity 211. A phase change cooling layer 24 is formed in the first receiving cavity 211. A first heat insulation element 21 is disposed between adjacent battery cells 11 along the first direction. The liquid cooling plate 30 is disposed on one side of the battery cell assembly 10 along a third direction, and the first heat insulation elements 21 are disposed on the liquid cooling plate 30. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular. In this way, the cell module 100 can achieve thermal isolation between adjacent cells 11 through the first heat insulation component 21. If one of them experiences thermal runaway, the phase change cooling layer 24 in the first receiving cavity 211 can effectively absorb a large amount of heat from the thermal runaway through phase change, reduce the temperature of the thermal runaway cell 11 itself and effectively prevent heat diffusion, ensuring that the surrounding cells 11 are safe and free from thermal runaway.
[0042] In this embodiment, multiple battery cells 11 in the battery cell assembly 10 are arranged in a regular stacked manner along a first direction, meaning that the projections of the multiple battery cells 11 along the first direction can completely overlap. Simultaneously, the multiple battery cells 11 in the battery cell assembly 10 are also arranged in a regular stacked manner along a second direction, meaning that the projections of the multiple battery cells 11 along the second direction can also completely overlap. Thus, the multiple battery cells 11 in the battery cell assembly 10 are arranged in a regular manner in a two-dimensional matrix formed by the mutually perpendicular first and second directions, forming a highly ordered planar array. This improves the space utilization of the battery cell assembly 10 and ensures the coordination and consistency of each battery cell 11 during operation. In this embodiment, a first heat insulation member 21 can be disposed between adjacent battery cells 11 in the first direction. A first receiving cavity 211 inside the first heat insulation member 21 forms a phase change cooling layer 24. This optimizes the arrangement of the battery cells 11 while simultaneously addressing the needs for heat dissipation and overall temperature uniformity among the battery cells 11.
[0043] Furthermore, gaps are left between the multiple battery cells 11 stacked together to allow space for thermal expansion and contraction of the battery cells 11 and for the installation of the heat insulation component 20. Specifically, the heat insulation component 20 includes multiple first heat insulation elements 21, which are disposed in the gaps between adjacent battery cells 11 along a first direction. A first receiving cavity 211 is formed in the middle of the first heat insulation element 21 to accommodate the phase change cooling layer 24. In this way, the phase change cooling layer 24 in the first receiving cavity 211 can provide strong temperature control and heat insulation capabilities for the first heat insulation element 21. When a battery cell 11 generates high heat or even thermal runaway due to high-power charging and discharging, the heat can be absorbed and isolated by the first heat insulation element 21. For example, the phase change (such as solid-gas phase change) of the phase change cooling layer 24 of the first heat insulation element 21 can absorb heat from the battery cell 11, preventing the battery cell 11 from accumulating too much heat, which would affect its performance or cause thermal runaway. Alternatively, when a certain cell 11 accumulates a large amount of heat or is deformed by external force, causing thermal runaway of the cell 11, a large amount of heat can be absorbed by the phase change of the phase change cooling layer 24. At the same time, the phase change cooling layer 24 significantly reduces its own thermal conductivity to isolate the heat transfer between cells 11, preventing the cell 11 from transferring its own heat to adjacent cells 11 and causing the thermal runaway to spread and cause the cell assembly 10 to explode, thus ensuring the safety of the cell 11 to the greatest extent.
[0044] In addition, when the ambient temperature is too low, the first heat insulation component 21 with the phase change cooling layer 24 can also provide a certain heat insulation effect for the battery cell assembly 10, retain the heat generated by the charging and discharging of the battery cell 11, or the phase change cooling layer 24 can passively release heat to ensure that the temperature of the battery cell 11 will not be too low in the low temperature environment, and ensure that the battery cell 11 also has good performance in the low temperature environment.
[0045] Furthermore, a liquid cooling plate 30 is provided along a third direction perpendicular to the array surface of the battery cell assembly 10 (i.e., the surface composed of the first and second directions). The liquid cooling plate 30 is filled with a flowable liquid (such as a cooling medium), and its temperature is actively regulated by a compressor or heating device through external pipes, thereby actively controlling the temperature of the battery cell module 100. Specifically, when the temperature of the battery cell 11 is too high, the compressor starts to dissipate heat and cool, lowering the liquid temperature. The low-temperature liquid flows to the liquid cooling plate 30 and carries away the heat from the battery cell assembly 10. Alternatively, when the temperature of the battery cell assembly 10 is too low and affects the performance of the battery cell 11, the heating device can heat the liquid in the pipes. The liquid flows to the liquid cooling plate 30 to heat the battery cell 11, ensuring its performance. In this way, the liquid cooling plate 30 can actively dissipate heat and keep the battery cell 11 warm, allowing it to operate efficiently in a suitable temperature environment. Furthermore, the liquid cooling plate 30 can improve the sealing of the battery cell module 100, protecting the battery cell 11.
[0046] Meanwhile, because the first heat insulation element 21 is disposed in the gap between adjacent cells 11 in the first direction, the first heat insulation element 21 is spaced apart on the liquid cooling plate 30 along the first direction. In this way, the liquid cooling plate 30 can also dissipate heat for the heat insulation component 20 that has absorbed a large amount of heat, ensuring the heat absorption effect of the first heat insulation element 21 on the cells 11. That is to say, the heat generated by the cells 11 can also be transferred to the liquid cooling plate 30 through the first heat insulation element 21, avoiding excessive temperature difference between different cells 11 caused by one cell 11 being too hot, and making the temperature of different cells 11 in the cell assembly 10 more even. In addition, the cells 11 can also be attached to the liquid cooling plate 30 so that the heat generated by the cells 11 can be directly transferred to the liquid cooling plate 30, so that the liquid cooling plate 30 can play a better role in temperature control and heat conduction for the cells 11, further reducing the risk of heat accumulation in the cells 11, reducing the probability of thermal runaway of the cells 11, and reducing the possibility of thermal runaway propagation in the cell assembly 10.
[0047] In this embodiment, the first heat insulation component 21 and the phase change cooling layer 24 can be combined to form a heat-absorbing and heat-insulating composite gasket. By utilizing the original heat insulation between the cells 11 and the space required to absorb the expansion of the cells 11, a composite gasket is arranged that takes into account both heat dissipation under normal operating conditions of the battery pack 200 and heat absorption and heat insulation in the event of thermal runaway of the cells 11, so as to ensure the high performance of the battery pack 200 across the entire temperature range and the achievement of reliable thermal safety performance.
[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the material and type of the phase change cooling layer 24, as well as the proportion of different types, are not limited to meet different needs. For example, the phase change cooling layer 24 can be prepared using hydrogel-based polymer materials, and the amount of hydrogel-based polymer can be quantitatively designed based on the type of cell 11 used in the corresponding battery pack 200 scheme and its thermal characteristics to ensure that the phase change heat absorption and barrier effect meets the actual application requirements. As another example, the phase change cooling layer 24 can be formed by mixing multiple phase change materials. In this embodiment, the phase change material for the low-temperature operating range of the cell 11, and the phase change material for the high-temperature thermal runaway range of the cell 11, can be selected and adjusted based on optimal performance and process cost.
[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the type of battery cell 11 is not limited to meet different needs. For example, battery cell 11 can be a prismatic battery cell, a cylindrical battery cell, a pouch battery cell, a blade battery cell, etc.
[0050] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In some embodiments, the heat insulation assembly 20 further includes a second heat insulation member 22, the second heat insulation member 22 having a second receiving cavity 221, the phase change cooling layer 24 being formed in the second receiving cavity 221, and the second heat insulation member 22 being disposed between adjacent cells 11 along the second direction.
[0051] Thus, the second heat insulation element 22 can form a heat insulation array with the first heat insulation element 21, further isolating the heat transfer between the battery cells 11.
[0052] In this embodiment, the second heat insulation element 22 of the heat insulation assembly 20 is disposed in the gap between adjacent cells 11 along the second direction. Simultaneously, a receiving cavity is formed in the middle of the second heat insulation element 22 to accommodate the phase change cooling layer 24. Thus, the second heat insulation element 22 can provide heat absorption, heat insulation, or heat preservation effects for the cell 11, just like the first heat insulation element 21 described above, ensuring the performance and safety of the cell 11. Furthermore, the second heat insulation element 22 and the first heat insulation element 21 disposed along the first direction can form a heat insulation matrix, so that each cell 11 is surrounded by the heat insulation assembly 20, avoiding direct contact between adjacent cells 11 in the first and second directions. This further isolates heat transfer between cells 11, preventing the heat from being transferred to adjacent cells 11 after thermal runaway of one cell 11, thus preventing the spread of thermal runaway and the cell assembly 10 from exploding, maximizing the safety of the cell 11.
[0053] It should be noted that the second heat insulation element 22 can also be spaced on the liquid cooling plate 30 to facilitate the transfer of the heat absorbed by the second heat insulation element 22 to the liquid cooling plate 30, thus ensuring the heat absorption performance of the second heat insulation element 22.
[0054] Furthermore, in the plane containing the second and third directions, the area of the first heat insulation element 21 is greater than or equal to the area of the battery cell 11. That is, in one embodiment, the first heat insulation element 21 can correspond to one battery cell 11, with one first heat insulation element 21 placed precisely between two adjacent battery cells 11 in the first direction. In another embodiment, the first heat insulation element 21 can correspond to multiple battery cells 11, with a row of battery cells 11 along the second direction collectively attached to one first heat insulation element 21. It is understood that in the plane containing the first and third directions, the area of the second heat insulation element 22 is greater than or equal to the area of the battery cell 11. The arrangement direction of the second heat insulation element 22 and the battery cell 11 is similar to that of the first heat insulation element 21.
[0055] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the first heat insulation member 21 and the second heat insulation member 22 are integrally formed, and the first receiving cavity 211 is connected to the second receiving cavity 221.
[0056] In this way, the structural integrity and stability of the insulation component 20 can be guaranteed, as well as its thermal insulation and thermal conductivity performance.
[0057] In this embodiment, the first heat insulation component 21 and the second heat insulation component 22 are integrally formed in one piece. For example, this integrally formed structure can be 3D printed, precision cast, or molded without welds or bolts. The entire structure is continuously constructed from a single material or composite material, which can significantly improve mechanical strength, reduce weight, and optimize force transmission path. It can eliminate the stress concentration problem of traditional riveting and improve fatigue resistance. It can enhance impact resistance and achieve a seamless aesthetic design. It can also reduce assembly errors, lower production costs (especially suitable for mass production), and maintain higher sealing performance and reliability in harsh environments such as high temperature and high pressure.
[0058] Specifically, since the first heat insulation element 21 and the second heat insulation element 22 are integrally formed, the first receiving cavity 211 can be connected to the second receiving cavity 221, which facilitates the arrangement of the phase change cooling layer 24. Of course, the phase change cooling layer 24 in the first receiving cavity 211 and the second receiving cavity 221 can also be a single continuous phase change cooling layer 24. In this way, the heat generated by a certain cell 11 can be transferred to the entire heat insulation assembly 20 through the continuous phase change cooling layer 24, so that the entire phase change cooling layer 24 can absorb more heat through a large area of phase change under extreme conditions, improve the heat absorption and internal thermal conductivity efficiency of the heat insulation assembly 20, and prevent the heat from not being dissipated after the thermal runaway of a certain cell 11, thus preventing safety hazards caused by the heat not being dissipated.
[0059] Furthermore, the first heat insulation component 21 and the second heat insulation component 22 work together to separate each battery cell 11. This provides corresponding countermeasures for the thermal safety of the battery pack 200, ensuring that even if a battery cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, there are effective heat insulation and heat absorption measures to reduce the intensity of the thermal runaway. At the same time, it avoids the risk of heat diffusion to surrounding battery cells 11, which could cause further passive thermal runaway to other battery cells 11, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery pack 200.
[0060] Please see Figures 1 to 6 In some embodiments, the battery cell 11 is rectangular, and the dimension of the battery cell 11 in the second direction is larger than the dimension in the first direction.
[0061] This makes it easier to arrange multiple battery cells 11 neatly in a matrix formed by the first and second directions, thereby improving space utilization.
[0062] In this embodiment, the battery cell 11 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The length of the rectangular parallelepiped battery cell 11 is parallel to the second direction, the width is parallel to the first direction, and the height is parallel to the third direction. This allows multiple battery cells 11 to be arranged neatly in a matrix formed by the first and second directions. Furthermore, the neat arrangement of the rectangular parallelepiped battery cells 11 makes full use of existing space, improves space utilization, and effectively controls the size of the battery cell module 100.
[0063] Please see Figures 1 to 7 In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly 10 further includes an explosion-proof valve 12 and an electrode 13 disposed on the surface of the battery cell 11. The explosion-proof valve 12 and the electrode 13 are distributed along a second direction on one surface of the battery cell 11, and the explosion-proof valve 12 and the electrode 13 avoid the heat insulation assembly 20.
[0064] In this way, even if the internal pressure of the battery cell 11 suddenly rises to exceed the safety threshold and opens the explosion-proof valve 12, the high-temperature electrolyte vapor will not be sprayed directly onto the adjacent battery cell 11, further reducing the risk of heat diffusion.
[0065] In this embodiment, an explosion-proof valve 12 is also provided on the battery cell 11. When the internal pressure of the battery cell 11 rises sharply due to abnormal operating conditions such as overcharging or short circuit, the explosion-proof valve 12 can quickly release high-temperature gas and electrolyte vapor, preventing the battery cell 11 casing 201 from bursting and causing greater damage. At the same time, the explosion-proof valve 12 avoids the heat insulation component 20, that is, the explosion-proof valve 12 is located on the top or bottom surface of the battery cell 11. In this way, even if the internal pressure of the battery cell 11 rises sharply to exceed the safety threshold and opens the explosion-proof valve 12, the high-temperature electrolyte vapor will not be sprayed directly onto adjacent battery cells 11, further reducing the risk of heat diffusion.
[0066] Furthermore, electrodes 13 are provided on the top or bottom surface of the battery cell 11, and multiple battery cells 11 are connected together in series and parallel through the electrodes 13 to form a battery cell assembly 10. This facilitates the simultaneous charging and discharging of multiple electrodes 13, so that different battery cells 11 maintain the same voltage.
[0067] In this embodiment, the specific locations of the explosion-proof valve 12 and the electrode 13 are not limited to meet various requirements. For example, the explosion-proof valve 12 and the electrode 13 can be simultaneously located on the top or bottom surface of the battery cell 11; alternatively, the explosion-proof valve 12 can be located on the top surface of the battery cell 11, and the electrode 13 can be located on the bottom surface of the battery cell 11; or alternatively, the explosion-proof valve 12 can be located on the top surface of the battery cell 11, and the electrode 13 can be located on the bottom surface of the battery cell 11.
[0068] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature of the phase change cooling layer 24 is 70°C-130°C.
[0069] Thus, when the temperature of the cell 11 rises to the phase change temperature range of the phase change cooling layer 24, the phase change cooling layer 24 undergoes a solid-gas phase change, which can absorb a large amount of heat and suppress the temperature of the cell 11 from continuing to rise.
[0070] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the battery cell 11 rises to 70°C or higher (i.e., above the minimum phase change temperature of the phase change cooling layer 24), for example, when the temperature of the battery cell 11 rises to 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, 100°C, 105°C, 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, 125°C, or 130°C, the phase change cooling layer 24 undergoes a solid-gas phase change, absorbing a large amount of heat from the battery cell 11 and inhibiting the temperature of the battery cell 11 from continuing to rise. Simultaneously, the thermal conductivity of the phase change cooling layer 24 itself, which undergoes a solid-gas phase change, will be significantly reduced, greatly improving its heat insulation capability and effectively preventing heat from diffusing to the surrounding battery cells 11, thus improving the safety of the battery cell module 100.
[0071] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the liquid cooling plate 30 includes a first liquid cooling plate 31 and a second liquid cooling plate 32, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the cell assembly 10 along a third direction.
[0072] In this way, the two liquid cooling plates 30 can bring stronger active heat dissipation capabilities, while further enclosing the battery cell 11 in a specific space.
[0073] In this embodiment, liquid cooling plates 30 are provided at both the top and bottom of the battery cell assembly 10, which can provide the battery cell assembly 10 with stronger active temperature regulation capabilities, prevent the battery cell 11 from operating at excessively high or low temperatures, and ensure the performance of the battery cell 11. Specifically, the heat generated by the battery cell 11 can be directly or indirectly transferred to the two liquid cooling plates 30 through heat insulation components, so that the temperature of different battery cells 11 in the battery cell assembly 10 is balanced. At the same time, the upper and lower liquid cooling plates 30 can further increase the sealing of the battery cell module 100, protect the battery cell 11, and prevent heat diffusion after thermal runaway of the battery cell 11.
[0074] In this application embodiment, the specific positions of the first liquid cooling plate 31 and the second liquid cooling plate 32 are not limited to meet various needs. For example, when the first liquid cooling plate 31 is disposed on the upper side of the cell module 100, the second liquid cooling plate 32 is disposed on the lower side of the cell module 100; or, when the second liquid cooling plate 32 is disposed on the upper side of the cell module 100, the first liquid cooling plate 31 is disposed on the lower side of the cell module 100.
[0075] Please see Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, the heat insulation assembly 20 further includes a third heat insulation member 23, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the cell assembly 10.
[0076] In this way, the battery cell module 100 can be provided with stronger heat absorption and insulation performance, while further enclosing the battery cell 11 in a specific space.
[0077] In this embodiment, since the first heat insulation member 21 and the second heat insulation member 22 cannot be placed around the perimeter of the cell assembly 10, a third heat insulation member 23 is also provided to surround the entire cell assembly 10. In this way, the third heat insulation member 23 not only provides stronger heat absorption and insulation performance for the cell module 100, but also encloses each cell 11 in a specific space, further preventing heat diffusion after thermal runaway of the cell 11.
[0078] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the third heat insulation member 23 is formed with a third receiving cavity 231, and a phase change cooling layer 24 is formed in the third receiving cavity 231.
[0079] Thus, the phase change cooling layer 24 in the third thermal insulation 23 can further prevent thermal runaway of the battery cell 11.
[0080] In this embodiment, a third receiving cavity 231 is formed in the middle of the third heat insulation member 23 to facilitate the accommodating of the phase change cooling layer 24. Thus, the phase change cooling layer 24 in the third receiving cavity 231 can provide the third heat insulation member 23 with strong heat absorption and insulation capabilities. When the battery cell 11 generates heat due to charging and discharging, the heat can be absorbed by the third heat insulation member 23, further preventing excessive heat accumulation and thermal runaway. Alternatively, it can prevent heat diffusion after thermal runaway of the battery cell 11 occurs. Furthermore, the third heat insulation member 23, the first heat insulation member 21, and the second heat insulation member 22 can also be integrally formed, and the third receiving cavity 231, the first receiving cavity 211, and the second receiving cavity 221 are also initially connected.
[0081] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 7 This application also provides a battery pack 200, including a housing 201 and a cell module 100 as described above. The housing 201 has an accommodating space, and the cell module 100 is disposed within the accommodating space.
[0082] In this application embodiment, the type of battery pack 200 is not limited to meet various needs. The battery pack 200 can be a cylindrical battery pack, a prismatic battery pack, a pouch battery pack, a solid-state battery pack, or a modular battery swapping battery pack. The battery pack 200 can possess all the technical features and effects of the aforementioned cell module 100, resulting in better heat insulation and temperature control, as well as better operational stability and lifespan, thus improving the user experience.
[0083] In this embodiment, the battery pack 200 also includes a housing 201, and the cell module 100 is disposed within the accommodating space formed by the housing 201. In this way, the housing 201 can further enclose the cell assembly 10 and protect the cell module 100, so that the battery pack 200 can withstand a certain amount of scratches and compression, protect the internal cells 11, and minimize the risk of thermal runaway of the cells 11 due to external forces.
[0084] Please see Figure 8 This application embodiment also provides a vehicle 300, which includes a vehicle body 301 and the aforementioned battery pack 200, the battery pack 200 being disposed on the vehicle body 301.
[0085] In this application embodiment, the type of vehicle 300 is not limited to meet various needs. The vehicle 300 can be a pure electric passenger vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, an electric commercial vehicle, an electric construction machinery vehicle (such as an excavator), or other similar vehicles. The vehicle 300 can possess all the technical features and effects of the aforementioned battery pack 200, resulting in better heat insulation and temperature control, as well as better operational stability and service life, thus enhancing the user experience.
[0086] In this embodiment, the vehicle 300 also includes a vehicle body 301, on which the battery pack 200 is mounted. The vehicle body 301 can protect the battery pack 200 from some scratches and compression, thereby protecting the internal battery cells 11 and preventing thermal runaway of the battery cells 11.
[0087] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.
[0088] The functions and effects of this embodiment can be explained by referring to the foregoing implementation methods, and will not be repeated here.
[0089] It is understood that in the various embodiments of this specification, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this specification.
[0090] It is understood that the various implementation methods described in this specification can be implemented individually or in combination, and the embodiments in this specification are not limited in this respect.
[0091] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method implementations, and will not be repeated here.
[0092] The above are merely specific embodiments of this specification, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this specification should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A battery cell module, characterized in that, include: A battery cell assembly includes a plurality of stacked battery cells, wherein the plurality of battery cells are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction; A heat insulation assembly includes a plurality of first heat insulation elements, each first heat insulation element having a first receiving cavity, a phase change cooling layer being formed in the first receiving cavity, and the first heat insulation elements being disposed between adjacent cells along the first direction. A liquid cooling plate is disposed on one side of the battery cell assembly along a third direction, and a first heat insulation member is disposed on the liquid cooling plate, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular; On the plane containing the second direction and the third direction, the area of the first heat insulation element is greater than or equal to the area of the battery cell.
2. The battery cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation assembly further includes a second heat insulation element, which forms a second receiving cavity. The phase change cooling layer is formed in the second receiving cavity, and the second heat insulation element is disposed between adjacent cells along the second direction.
3. The cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell is rectangular in shape, and the dimension of the battery cell in the second direction is larger than the dimension in the first direction.
4. The cell module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery cell assembly also includes an explosion-proof valve and an electrode disposed on the surface of the battery cell. The explosion-proof valve and the electrode are distributed along the second direction on one surface of the battery cell, and the explosion-proof valve and the electrode avoid the heat insulation assembly.
5. The battery cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change temperature of the phase change cooling layer is 70℃-130℃.
6. The cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid cooling plate includes a first liquid cooling plate and a second liquid cooling plate, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the cell assembly along the third direction.
7. The cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation assembly further includes a third heat insulation element, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the battery cell assembly.
8. The cell module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third heat insulation element has a third receiving cavity, and a phase change cooling layer is formed inside the third receiving cavity.
9. A battery pack, characterized in that, The device includes a housing and a cell module as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the housing forms an accommodating space and the cell module is disposed within the accommodating space.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a vehicle body and the battery pack of claim 9, wherein the battery pack is disposed on the vehicle body.