Fuel cell oxygen recovery conditioning system, fuel cell system, and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to fuel cell technical field, especially a kind of fuel cell's oxygen recovery regulating system, fuel cell system and vehicle, wherein, system includes: air compressor and the electric pile of fuel cell, wherein, the anode of electric pile is connected by first pipeline between the pressure end of air compressor, the cathode of electric pile is connected by second pipeline between the vortex end of air compressor;Oxygen recovery circuit and regulator, wherein, regulator is connected with vortex end and one end of oxygen recovery circuit respectively, the other end of oxygen recovery circuit is connected into first pipeline, and oxygen is recovered in the cathode exhaust gas of electric pile based on oxygen recovery circuit and regulator.Exactly, it solves the problem, such as resource waste, caused by directly discharging unreacted air in relevant technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to an oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell, a fuel cell system, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] As a clean and efficient energy conversion device, fuel cells have been widely researched and applied in the energy field in recent years. Their basic principle is to convert hydrogen and oxygen from the air into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction, offering advantages such as high energy density and environmental friendliness.

[0003] However, during the reaction of air in the fuel cell stack, there may be unreacted air. In related technologies, unreacted air is usually discharged directly from the system with the exhaust gas. This air still contains a certain amount of oxygen, which is not effectively recovered and utilized, resulting in a waste of resources. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides an oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell, a fuel cell system, and a vehicle, to solve problems such as the direct discharge of unreacted air, which leads to resource waste.

[0005] The first aspect of this utility model provides an oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell, comprising: an air compressor and a fuel cell stack, wherein the anode of the fuel cell stack is connected to the pressure end of the air compressor via a first pipeline, and the cathode of the fuel cell stack is connected to the vortex end of the air compressor via a second pipeline; an oxygen recovery circuit and a regulator, wherein the regulator is connected to the vortex end and one end of the oxygen recovery circuit, and the other end of the oxygen recovery circuit is connected to the first pipeline, and oxygen in the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack is recovered based on the oxygen recovery circuit and the regulator.

[0006] Optionally, it also includes: an exhaust gas emission line, wherein the exhaust gas emission line is connected to an oxygen recovery circuit, a regulator, and a second line.

[0007] Optionally, the oxygen recovery circuit includes a solid oxygen separation membrane device, a cathode secondary water separator, and a nitrogen vent valve. The solid oxygen separation membrane device separates oxygen from the exhaust gas at the cathode, the cathode secondary water separator dehumidifies the separated oxygen, one end of the nitrogen vent valve is connected to the solid oxygen separation membrane device, and the other end of the nitrogen vent valve is connected to the exhaust gas discharge pipeline.

[0008] Optionally, a cathode primary water distributor is installed on the second pipeline to dehumidify the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack.

[0009] Optionally, a cathode ejector and an air inlet mass flow meter are installed on the first pipeline. The cathode ejector uses the pressurization function of the air compressor to mix the separated oxygen with the air drawn in by the air compressor. The air inlet mass flow meter detects the mass flow rate of the air drawn in by the air compressor.

[0010] Optionally, a bypass electrically controlled valve is provided between the first pipeline and the second pipeline to discharge the air drawn in by the air compressor to the exhaust pipeline when the fuel cell system is started.

[0011] Optionally, the regulator is a multi-way valve.

[0012] Optionally, the oxygen recovery circuit is also equipped with a separate oxygen mass flow meter and an oxygen concentration sensor, wherein the separate oxygen mass flow meter detects the mass flow rate of the separated oxygen; and the oxygen concentration sensor detects the concentration of the separated oxygen.

[0013] A second aspect of this utility model provides a fuel cell system, including the oxygen recovery and regulation system of the fuel cell described in the above embodiment.

[0014] A third aspect of this utility model provides a fuel cell vehicle, including the fuel cell system described in the above embodiment.

[0015] Therefore, this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] Since the exhaust gas from the cathode of a fuel cell stack is typically discharged directly through an exhaust pipe, it may contain unreacted air and a certain amount of oxygen. This oxygen is not effectively recovered and reused, resulting in resource waste. Therefore, this invention constructs an oxygen recovery and regulation system for fuel cells. By setting up an oxygen recovery loop and regulator, oxygen in the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack can be recovered, thus avoiding resource waste and improving resource utilization. Reusing recovered oxygen also reduces the demand for air, thereby reducing the power consumption of the air compressor. This solves the technical problems of directly discharging unreacted air, leading to resource waste.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell vehicle provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] 1. Air filter; 2. Air compressor; 3. Cathode ejector; 4. Oxygen concentration sensor; 5. Air inlet mass flow meter; 6. Fuel cell stack; 7. Bypass control valve; 8. Hydrogen supply and hydrogen circulation system; 9. Cathode primary water separator; 10. Three-way valve; 11. Solid oxygen separation membrane device; 12. Nitrogen vent valve; 13. Cathode secondary water separator; 14. Separated oxygen mass flow meter; 15. Fuel cell system tailpipeline; 21. Oxygen recovery loop; 22. Regulator; 20. Fuel cell oxygen recovery regulation system; 30. Fuel cell system; 40. Fuel cell vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0026] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an embodiment of the present invention: an oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell, a fuel cell system, and a vehicle. Addressing the issue mentioned in the background art where unreacted air is typically discharged directly with the exhaust gas, still containing a certain amount of oxygen, this oxygen is not effectively recovered and reused, resulting in resource waste. The present invention provides an oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell. In this system, by setting up an oxygen recovery loop and a regulator, oxygen in the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack can be recovered, thereby avoiding resource waste and improving resource utilization. Recovering and reusing oxygen also reduces the demand for air, thus lowering the power consumption of the air compressor. This solves the problem of resource waste caused by the direct discharge of unreacted air in related technologies.

[0027] Specifically, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the oxygen recovery and regulation system 20 of the fuel cell includes: an air compressor 2, a fuel cell stack 6, an oxygen recovery circuit 21, and a regulator 22.

[0029] The anode of the fuel cell stack 6 is connected to the pressure end of the air compressor 2 via a first pipeline, and the cathode of the fuel cell stack 6 is connected to the vortex end of the air compressor 2 via a second pipeline. The regulator 22 is connected to the vortex end and one end of the oxygen recovery circuit 21, respectively, and the other end of the oxygen recovery circuit 21 is connected to the first pipeline. Based on the oxygen recovery circuit 21 and the regulator 22, oxygen in the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack 6 is recovered.

[0030] Since the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack is usually discharged directly through the exhaust pipe, the exhaust gas may contain unreacted air and still contains a certain amount of oxygen. This part of the oxygen is not effectively recovered and reused, resulting in a waste of resources. Therefore, this utility model constructs an oxygen recovery and regulation system 20 for fuel cells. By setting up an oxygen recovery circuit 21 and a regulator 22, the oxygen in the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack 6 can be recovered to avoid resource waste and improve resource utilization. By recovering and reusing oxygen, the demand for air can also be reduced, thereby reducing the power consumption of the air compressor 2.

[0031] Specifically, the specific structure of the oxygen recovery system 20 of the fuel cell of this invention is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the following will be combined with Figure 2 To illustrate the other structural components of the oxygen recovery system of the fuel cell of this utility model.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the oxygen recovery and regulation system 20 of the fuel cell of this utility model also includes: exhaust gas emission pipeline 15.

[0033] The exhaust gas pipeline 15 of the oxygen recovery and regulation system 20 of the fuel cell of this utility model is connected to the oxygen recovery circuit 21, the regulator 22 and the second pipeline respectively, so as to recover other waste gases generated after oxygen separation.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the oxygen recovery circuit 21 includes a solid oxygen separation membrane device 11, a cathode secondary water separator 13, and a nitrogen venting valve 12.

[0035] In the oxygen recovery circuit 21 of this utility model, the solid oxygen separation membrane device 11 separates oxygen from the cathode and discharges it from the waste gas. The cathode secondary water separator 13 dehumidifies the separated oxygen. One end of the nitrogen vent valve 12 is connected to the solid oxygen separation membrane device 11, and the other end of the nitrogen vent valve 12 is connected to the tail gas discharge pipeline 15, so as to separate oxygen from the waste gas and discharge the nitrogen generated by separation.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a cathode primary water distributor 9 is installed on the second pipeline to dehumidify the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack 6.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a cathode ejector 3 and an air inlet mass flow meter 5 are installed on the first pipeline.

[0038] The cathode ejector 3 of this invention can use the pressurization function of the air compressor 2 to mix the separated oxygen with the air drawn in by the air compressor 2, and the mass flow meter 5 detects the mass flow rate of the air drawn in by the air compressor 2.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a bypass electrically controlled valve 7 is provided between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, which is used to discharge the air drawn in by the air compressor 2 to the exhaust gas discharge pipeline 15 when the fuel cell system is started.

[0040] A bypass electrically controlled valve is provided between the first and second pipelines of this utility model. When the fuel cell system is started, the air drawn in by the air compressor 2 is directly discharged into the exhaust gas pipeline 15 to ensure hydrogen dilution, thereby ensuring the normal start-up and initial operation of the system.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the oxygen recovery circuit 21 is also equipped with a separate oxygen mass flow meter 14 and an oxygen concentration sensor 4.

[0042] The present invention uses an oxygen mass flow rate sensor 14 to detect the mass flow rate of the separated oxygen and an oxygen concentration sensor 4 to detect the concentration of the separated oxygen.

[0043] Furthermore, the regulator 22 of this invention can be a multi-way valve, specifically... Figure 2 The three-way valve 10 shown.

[0044] Specifically, combined Figure 2 This section describes the specific implementation process of the oxygen recovery and regulation system for the fuel cell of this invention.

[0045] I. Start-up Phase.

[0046] When the fuel cell system starts, the three-way valve 10 at the rear end of the air compressor is closed. The air compressor 2 normally draws clean air filtered by the air filter 1 from the outside environment. At this time, the bypass solenoid valve 7 is opened to allow the air to be directly discharged into the tailpipe 15 to ensure hydrogen dilution and to ensure the normal start-up and initial operation of the system.

[0047] II. Steady-state operation stage.

[0048] A portion of the unreacted air is guided from the outlet of the fuel cell stack 6 to the solid oxygen separation membrane device 11 to separate the unreacted oxygen from the nitrogen. The unseparated nitrogen is then discharged through the nitrogen vent valve 12 to the system tailpipe 15 and discharged from the system.

[0049] III. Oxygen purification and delivery stage.

[0050] The oxygen purified by the solid oxygen separation membrane device 11 has a significantly improved purity. This high-purity oxygen then enters the cathode secondary water separator 13 for further dehumidification to ensure its dryness and purity, preventing moisture from affecting subsequent mass flow meter detection and the absorption capacity of the cathode ejector 3. The treated oxygen is then transported to the cathode ejector 3 through a pipeline.

[0051] IV. Oxygen mixing with ambient air stage.

[0052] The cathode ejector 3 utilizes the pressurization function at the rear end of the air compressor 2 to mix purified oxygen with ambient air drawn in by the air compressor 2 within the mixing chamber of the cathode ejector 3, forming a mixed gas with a high oxygen concentration and flow rate. The mixed gas enters the fuel cell stack 6 at a suitable state and pressure, providing the necessary oxygen for the electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell stack 6.

[0053] According to the embodiment of this utility model, the oxygen recovery and regulation system for fuel cells can recover oxygen from the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack by setting up an oxygen recovery circuit and a regulator, so as to avoid resource waste, improve resource utilization, and reduce the demand for air by recovering and reusing oxygen, thereby reducing the power consumption of the air compressor.

[0054] This utility model also provides a fuel cell system 30, such as Figure 3 As shown, the oxygen recovery and regulation system 20 of the fuel cell described above is included.

[0055] This utility model also provides a fuel cell vehicle 40, such as Figure 4 As shown, the oxygen recovery and regulation system 30 for the fuel cell described above is included.

[0056] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0057] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

Claims

1. An oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell, characterized in that, include: An air compressor and a fuel cell stack, wherein the anode of the stack is connected to the pressure end of the air compressor via a first pipeline, and the cathode of the stack is connected to the vortex end of the air compressor via a second pipeline; An oxygen recovery circuit and a regulator are provided, wherein the regulator is connected to one end of the vortex end and one end of the oxygen recovery circuit, and the other end of the oxygen recovery circuit is connected to the first pipeline. Oxygen in the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack is recovered based on the oxygen recovery circuit and the regulator.

2. The oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An exhaust gas emission pipeline, wherein the exhaust gas emission pipeline is connected to the oxygen recovery circuit, the regulator and the second pipeline respectively.

3. The oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oxygen recovery circuit includes a solid oxygen separation membrane device, a cathode secondary water separator, and a nitrogen vent valve. The solid oxygen separation membrane device separates oxygen from the cathode exhaust gas, the cathode secondary water separator dehumidifies the separated oxygen, one end of the nitrogen vent valve is connected to the solid oxygen separation membrane device, and the other end of the nitrogen vent valve is connected to the exhaust gas pipeline.

4. The oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second pipeline is equipped with a cathode primary water distributor to dehumidify the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell stack.

5. The oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pipeline is equipped with a cathode ejector and an air inlet mass flow meter, wherein, The cathode ejector uses the pressurization function of the air compressor to mix the separated oxygen with the air drawn in by the air compressor; The air inlet mass flow meter detects the mass flow rate of the air drawn into the air compressor.

6. The oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, A bypass electrically controlled valve is provided between the first pipeline and the second pipeline to allow the air drawn in by the air compressor to be discharged to the exhaust gas pipeline when the fuel cell system is started.

7. The oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regulator is a multi-way valve.

8. The oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The oxygen recovery circuit is also equipped with a separate oxygen mass flow meter and an oxygen concentration sensor. The mass flow rate of the separated oxygen is detected. The oxygen concentration sensor detects the concentration of the separated oxygen.

9. A fuel cell system comprising an oxygen recovery and regulation system for a fuel cell as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A fuel cell vehicle comprising the fuel cell system as described in claim 9.

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