Cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed

Abstract

This application relates to the field of transfer roller bed technology, specifically disclosing a cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed. The cross-shaped layout and initial height difference design of the Y-axis and X-axis roller beds, combined with the precise interception and positioning of the pallet by the track lock, enables relay-style transfer of workpieces between the double-layer roller beds. When the Y-axis roller bed transports the car body to the transfer position, the track lock locks the pallet position. At this time, the lifting and transfer device is activated, raising the X-axis roller bed to a position higher than the Y-axis roller bed to receive the workpiece, completing the dual functions of spatial reversal and height transition. Then, the X-axis roller bed drives the car body to the final assembly workshop. During this process, the lifting and transfer device replaces the traditional pneumatic lifting, keeping the entire lifting action synchronized, improving lifting stability, reducing damage to the car body caused by lifting synchronization misalignment, and lowering maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of transfer roller bed technology, and in particular to a cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed. Background Technology

[0002] Transfer roller beds are key equipment in automated production lines for achieving efficient workpiece transfer. They are mainly used to receive, temporarily store, and change the direction of materials between different processes, conveyor lines, or assembly units. In the automotive manufacturing industry, roller beds are used throughout the four major process stages of stamping, welding, painting, and final assembly, undertaking the cross-line transfer of large workpieces such as body-in-white and powertrain components. Their performance directly affects production cycle efficiency and system reliability, making them a core hub in the material handling system of modern intelligent factories.

[0003] Current industry standards employ a combined structure of a single-layer roller bed and a separate lifting mechanism: the core conveying unit is a unidirectional roller assembly, driven by a motor via chain or gears to achieve linear workpiece transport; the lifting function relies on the coordinated action of 2-6 independent cylinders installed at the bottom of the roller bed frame. When the workpiece reaches the transfer position, the cylinder piston rods extend synchronously, pushing the upper lifting plate to lift the workpiece off the roller surface; after lifting, a rotating platform or transfer machine is required to turn the workpiece, and it is lowered to the target conveyor line after the direction adjustment is complete. The entire operation involves the coordinated operation of three independent drive systems: roller bed conveying, pneumatic lifting, and turning mechanism.

[0004] However, the aforementioned pneumatic lifting solution has insurmountable engineering flaws: due to cylinder manufacturing tolerances, air pressure system fluctuations, and differences in the friction coefficient of seals, the actual lifting strokes of multiple cylinders are difficult to synchronize precisely. This synchronization misalignment can cause workpiece tilting and displacement, resulting in deformation and scrapping of thin-walled parts such as automotive door frames. Furthermore, frequent off-center load impacts accelerate the wear of guide columns, requiring bushing replacement on average every quarter. More seriously, to compensate for synchronization issues, a servo compensation system must be added, significantly increasing the cost and maintenance costs of the lifting unit. Yet, this still cannot completely eliminate the decline in overall production line efficiency caused by response delays, becoming a systemic bottleneck restricting high-precision automated production. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the problems of synchronization loss, workpiece displacement damage and high maintenance costs caused by the use of multiple cylinders for lifting in existing transfer roller beds, this application provides a cross double-layer transfer roller bed.

[0006] The cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed is used to transfer car bodies on a pallet. It includes multiple support frames and Y-axis roller beds, X-axis roller beds, and lifting and transferring devices disposed between each of the support frames. The Y-axis roller beds and the X-axis roller beds can be used to transport the car bodies on the pallet in the Y-axis and X-axis directions, respectively. Initially, the height of the upper surface of the X-axis roller bed is lower than the height of the Y-axis roller bed.

[0008] The lifting and transfer device can be used to lift the X-axis roller bed in a direction perpendicular to the X-axis roller bed, and make the height of the upper surface of the X-axis roller bed higher than the height of the Y-axis roller bed.

[0009] The Y-axis roller bed is equipped with a track lock that controls the start and stop of the Y-axis roller bed. The track lock can stop the pallet being transported to the top of the X-axis roller bed.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the cross-shaped layout and initial height difference design of the Y-axis and X-axis roller beds, combined with the precise interception and positioning of the pallet by the track lock, enables relay-style transfer of workpieces between the double-layer roller beds. When the Y-axis roller bed transports the car body to the transfer position, the track lock locks the pallet position. At this time, the lifting and transfer device is activated, raising the X-axis roller bed to a position higher than the Y-axis roller bed to receive the workpiece, completing the dual functions of spatial reversal and height transition. Then, the X-axis roller bed drives the car body to the final assembly workshop. During this process, the lifting and transfer device replaces the traditional pneumatic lifting, keeping the entire lifting action synchronized, improving the stability of the lifting, reducing the damage to the car body caused by the loss of lifting synchronization, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0011] Optionally, the lifting and transferring device includes a fixed plate, a motor, a transmission shaft, a gear set, and a lifting mechanism. Two sets of motors are provided, and the two motors are fixedly installed on the fixed plate. The transmission shaft is rotatably installed on the fixed plate. The gear set is located between the two motors and is used to transmit the power output from the two motors to the transmission shaft. Two sets of lifting mechanisms are provided at each of the two ends of the transmission shaft. When the transmission shaft rotates, the lifting mechanism can synchronously lift the pallet.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the two motors drive the same transmission shaft to rotate in coordination through the gear set, eliminating the risk of asynchronous power source; the transmission shaft transmits torque synchronously to the lifting mechanisms on both sides, forcing the stroke error of the two lifting mechanisms to be greatly reduced. This rigid transmission design completely solves the problem of asynchronous lifting caused by air pressure fluctuations in multiple cylinders, making the entire lifting action more stable and minimizing damage to the workpiece caused by the loss of lifting synchronization.

[0013] Optionally, the lifting mechanism includes a first rotating seat, a connecting rod, a second rotating seat, a rotating shaft, and a lifting wheel. One end of the first rotating seat is fixed to the rotating shaft, and the other end is rotatably connected to the middle part of the connecting rod. Two second rotating seats are provided corresponding to the ends of the connecting rod. Two sets of rotating shafts and lifting wheels are provided corresponding to the two second rotating seats.

[0014] One end of each of the two second rotating seats is rotatably mounted on the two ends of the connecting rod. Both rotating shafts are fixed on the support frame. The other end of each of the two second rotating seats is rotatably sleeved on the corresponding rotating shaft. The two lifting wheels are arranged on the side of the corresponding second rotating seats. When the connecting rod drives the two second rotating seats to rotate around the rotating shaft, the two lifting wheels lift synchronously.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting rod, together with the symmetrically distributed first and second rotating seats, forms a multi-link structure. When the drive shaft drives the first rotating seat to rotate, the connecting rod pulls the two second rotating seats to swing synchronously around the rotating shaft as a fulcrum, driving the two lifting wheels to lift equidistantly along a vertical trajectory. Its mechanical self-compensation characteristic eliminates the off-center load caused by manufacturing tolerances, and can maintain the level of the lifting plane even if there is a sudden change in load on one side.

[0016] Optionally, each of the lifting wheels is rotatably mounted on the corresponding second rotating seat.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the lifting wheel being rotatably mounted on the second rotating seat transforms the lifting process from sliding friction to rolling friction, significantly reducing the friction coefficient of the mechanism. When the lifting wheel rolls into contact with the bottom surface of the pallet, the frictional resistance is greatly reduced, preventing workpiece displacement due to friction and simultaneously reducing wear on the guide rails.

[0018] Optionally, the Y-axis roller bed, X-axis roller bed, and lifting and transferring device are all arranged in two layers, one layer for lifting and transferring the pallet with the car body to the final assembly workshop for assembly, and the other layer for transferring the empty pallet back to the loading station.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the layout of the double-layer Y / X-axis roller bed and the double-layer lifting and transfer device allows the upper roller bed to transfer the car body to the final assembly line while the lower roller bed can transport the empty pallet back to the loading station. This structure enables continuous operation of forward conveying of workpieces and reverse recovery of empty pallets, significantly improving work efficiency.

[0020] Optionally, the support frame is provided with multiple guide rails, each of which is used to prevent the pallet from being thrown off the Y-axis direction roller bed due to inertia.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the pallet slips due to inertia, the guide rail converts the horizontal kinetic energy into a vertical constraint force, which slows down the pallet and prevents the workpiece from rushing out of the roller bed and causing a collision accident.

[0022] Optionally, the bottom of the support frame is provided with multiple sets of adjustable supports, each of which can adjust the height of the roller bed along the Z-axis direction.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the height-adjustable support enables the entire roller bed to operate at different heights, meeting the operational needs of different heights.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. This application completely replaces the traditional pneumatic lifting device by using a double-layer Y / X axis roller bed structure with a cross-shaped orthogonal layout and a rigid transmission system with dual motors driving gear sets: the dual motors output the same power to the through-type transmission shaft through the gear set, driving the symmetrically distributed connecting rod lifting structure to achieve mechanical synchronous lifting, so that the flatness error of the X-axis roller bed during the lifting process is strictly controlled within the allowable error range, which greatly improves the accuracy compared with the traditional cylinder solution. At the same time, it completely eliminates the synchronous failure problem caused by air pressure fluctuations, the lifting unit cost drops sharply and no servo compensation system is required, eradicating the industry problem of workpiece skew damage;

[0026] 2. By using a double-layered roller bed and lifting device, a seamless connection is achieved between the forward flow of workpieces and the reverse recycling of empty pallets. This structure breaks through the limitation of traditional single-layer roller beds requiring secondary idle reset. Combined with the precise interception and positioning of the pallet by the track lock and the kinetic energy buffer constraint of the guide rail, the overall operating efficiency of the equipment is greatly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the Y-axis roller bed;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the roller bed in the X-axis direction;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the central lifting and transfer device.

[0032] Reference numerals: 1. Support frame; 2. Y-axis roller bed; 3. X-axis roller bed; 4. Lifting and transferring device; 41. Fixed plate; 42. Motor; 43. Transmission shaft; 44. Gear set; 45. Lifting mechanism; 451. First rotating seat; 452. Connecting rod; 453. Second rotating seat; 454. Rotating shaft; 455. Lifting wheel; 5. Track lock; 6. Guide rail; 7. Adjusting support. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0034] This application discloses a cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed is used to transfer car bodies on a pallet. It includes multiple support frames 1 and Y-axis roller bed 2, X-axis roller bed 3 and lifting and transferring device 4 arranged between each support frame 1. The Y-axis roller bed 2 and X-axis roller bed 3 can be used to transport the car bodies on the pallet in the Y-axis and X-axis directions respectively, and initially the height of the upper surface of the X-axis roller bed 3 is lower than the height of the Y-axis roller bed 2.

[0036] The lifting and transfer device 4 can be used to lift the X-axis roller bed 3 in a direction perpendicular to the X-axis roller bed 3, and make the height of the upper surface of the X-axis roller bed 3 higher than the height of the Y-axis roller bed 2.

[0037] The Y-axis roller bed 2 is equipped with a track lock 5 that controls the start and stop of the Y-axis roller bed 2. The track lock 5 can stop the conveying of the pallet that is conveyed to the top of the X-axis roller bed 3.

[0038] The cross-shaped layout and initial height difference design of the Y-axis roller bed 2 and X-axis roller bed 3, combined with the precise interception and positioning of the pallet by the track lock 5, enables relay-style transfer of workpieces between the two roller beds. When the Y-axis roller bed transports the car body to the transfer position, the track lock 5 locks the pallet position. At this time, the lifting and transfer device 4 is activated, raising the X-axis roller bed 3 to a position higher than the Y-axis roller bed 2 to receive the workpiece, completing the dual functions of spatial reversal and height transition. Then, the X-axis roller bed 3 drives the car body to the final assembly workshop. During this process, the lifting and transfer device 4 replaces the traditional pneumatic lifting, keeping the entire lifting action synchronized, improving the stability of the lifting, reducing the damage to the car body caused by the loss of lifting synchronization, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0039] Reference Figure 4 The lifting and transferring device 4 includes a fixed plate 41, a motor 42, a transmission shaft 43, a gear set 44, and a lifting mechanism 45. Two sets of motors 42 are provided, and the two motors 42 are fixedly installed on the fixed plate 41. The transmission shaft 43 is rotatably installed on the fixed plate 41. The gear set 44 is located between the two motors 42 and is used to transmit the power output from the two motors 42 to the transmission shaft 43. Two sets of lifting mechanisms 45 are provided at the two ends of the transmission shaft 43. When the transmission shaft 43 rotates, the lifting mechanism 45 can lift the pallet synchronously.

[0040] Two motors 42 drive the same transmission shaft 43 to rotate in coordination via gear set 44, eliminating the risk of asynchronous power source; the transmission shaft 43 transmits torque synchronously to the lifting mechanisms 45 on both sides, forcing the stroke error of the two lifting mechanisms 45 to be greatly reduced. This rigid transmission design completely solves the problem of asynchronous lifting caused by air pressure fluctuations in multiple cylinders, making the entire lifting action more stable and minimizing damage to the workpiece caused by lifting synchronization mismatch.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 The lifting mechanism 45 includes a first rotating seat 451, a connecting rod 452, a second rotating seat 453, a rotating shaft 454, and a lifting wheel 455. One end of the first rotating seat 451 is fixed to the rotating shaft 454, and the other end is rotatably connected to the middle part of the connecting rod 452. Two second rotating seats 453 are provided corresponding to the ends of the connecting rod 452. Two sets of rotating shaft 454 and lifting wheel 455 are provided corresponding to the two second rotating seats 453.

[0042] Two second rotating seats 453 are rotatably mounted at one end on the two ends of the connecting rod 452, and two rotating shafts 454 are fixed on the support frame 1. The other ends of the two second rotating seats 453 are rotatably sleeved on the corresponding rotating shafts 454. Two lifting wheels 455 are set on the side of the corresponding second rotating seats 453. When the connecting rod 452 drives the two second rotating seats 453 to rotate around the rotating shafts 454, the two lifting wheels 455 lift synchronously.

[0043] The connecting rod 452, together with the symmetrically distributed first rotating seat 451 and second rotating seat 453, forms a multi-link structure. When the transmission shaft 43 drives the first rotating seat 451 to rotate, the connecting rod 452 pulls the two second rotating seats 453 to swing synchronously around the rotating shaft 454 as the fulcrum, driving the two lifting wheels 455 to lift equidistantly along a vertical trajectory. Its mechanical self-compensation characteristic eliminates the off-center load caused by manufacturing tolerances, and can maintain the level of the lifting plane even if there is a sudden change in load on one side.

[0044] Each lifting wheel 455 is rotatably mounted on a corresponding second rotating seat 453. This design transforms the lifting process from sliding friction to rolling friction, significantly reducing the mechanism's friction coefficient. The frictional resistance is greatly reduced when the lifting wheel 455 rolls into contact with the bottom surface of the pallet, preventing workpiece displacement due to friction and minimizing wear on the guide rail 6.

[0045] The Y-axis roller bed 2, the X-axis roller bed 3, and the lifting and transferring device 4 are all arranged in two layers, one layer for lifting and transferring pallets loaded with car bodies to the final assembly workshop for assembly, and the other layer for transferring empty pallets back to the loading station.

[0046] The layout of the double-layer Y / X-axis roller bed 3 and the double-layer lifting and transfer device 4 allows the upper roller bed to transfer the car body to the final assembly line while the lower roller bed can transport the empty pallet back to the loading station. This structure enables continuous operation of forward conveying of workpieces and reverse recovery of empty pallets, significantly improving work efficiency.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 The support frame 1 is equipped with multiple guide rails 6, each guide rail 6 is used to prevent the pallet from rushing off the Y-axis roller bed 2 due to inertia. When the pallet slides due to inertia, the guide rail 6 converts the horizontal kinetic energy into a vertical constraint force, which decelerates the pallet and prevents the workpiece from rushing off the roller bed and causing a collision accident.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 The bottom of the support frame 1 is equipped with multiple sets of adjustable supports 7, each of which can adjust the height of the roller bed along the Z-axis. The height-adjustable supports 7 enable the entire roller bed to operate at different heights, meeting the needs of different height operations.

[0049] The implementation principle of the cross double-layer transfer roller bed in this application embodiment is as follows: After the operator starts the equipment, the Y-axis direction roller bed 2 transports the pallet carrying the car body to the cross transfer position, and the track lock 5 automatically extends to lock the pallet position; at this time, the two sets of motors 42 drive the transmission shaft 43 to rotate synchronously through the gear set 44, which drives the lifting structure of the connecting rods 452 on both sides to unfold, so that the transmission shaft 43 drives the first rotating seat 451 to rotate, which forces the connecting rod 452 to pull the two second rotating seats 453 to swing synchronously with the rotating shaft 454 as the fulcrum. The lifting wheel 455 installed on the second rotating seat 453 is then lifted equidistantly along the vertical trajectory, lifting the entire X-axis direction roller bed 3 to a height higher than the Y-axis direction roller bed 2;

[0050] After the car body is transferred to the X-axis roller bed 3, it is conveyed to the final assembly line. At the same time, the lower roller bed synchronously transports the empty pallet back to the loading station in reverse, realizing efficient transfer of the car body.

[0051] The above are all optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed for transferring car bodies on pallets, characterized in that: It includes multiple support frames (1) and Y-axis roller bed (2), X-axis roller bed (3) and lifting and transferring device (4) disposed between each support frame (1). The Y-axis roller bed (2) and the X-axis roller bed (3) can be used to transport the car body on the pallet in the Y-axis and X-axis directions respectively, and initially the height of the upper surface of the X-axis roller bed (3) is lower than the height of the Y-axis roller bed (2). The lifting and transfer device (4) can be used to drive the X-axis roller bed (3) to be lifted in a direction perpendicular to the X-axis roller bed (3), and make the height of the upper surface of the X-axis roller bed (3) higher than the height of the Y-axis roller bed (2); The Y-axis roller bed (2) is equipped with a track lock (5) for controlling the start and stop of the Y-axis roller bed (2). The track lock (5) can stop the pallet being transported to the top of the X-axis roller bed (3).

2. The cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and transfer device (4) includes a fixed plate (41), a motor (42), a transmission shaft (43), a gear set (44), and a lifting mechanism (45). Two sets of motors (42) are provided, and the two motors (42) are fixedly installed on the fixed plate (41). The transmission shaft (43) is rotatably installed on the fixed plate (41). The gear set (44) is located between the two motors (42) and is used to transmit the power from the output end of the two motors (42) to the transmission shaft (43). Two sets of lifting mechanisms (45) are provided at the two ends of the transmission shaft (43). When the transmission shaft (43) rotates, the lifting mechanism (45) can lift the pallet synchronously.

3. The cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (45) includes a first rotating seat (451), a connecting rod (452), a second rotating seat (453), a rotating shaft (454), and a lifting wheel (455). One end of the first rotating seat (451) is fixed to the rotating shaft (454), and the other end is rotatably connected to the middle rod of the connecting rod (452). Two second rotating seats (453) are provided corresponding to the ends of the connecting rod (452). Two sets of rotating shafts (454) and lifting wheels (455) are provided corresponding to the two second rotating seats (453). Two second rotating seats (453) are rotatably mounted at one end on the two ends of the connecting rod (452), and two rotating shafts (454) are fixed on the support frame (1). The other ends of the two second rotating seats (453) are rotatably sleeved on the corresponding rotating shafts (454). Two lifting wheels (455) are arranged on the side of the corresponding second rotating seats (453). When the connecting rod (452) drives the two second rotating seats (453) to rotate around the rotating shafts (454), the two lifting wheels (455) are lifted synchronously.

4. The cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the lifting wheels (455) is rotatably mounted on the corresponding second rotating seat (453).

5. The cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis roller bed (2), X-axis roller bed (3), and lifting and transferring device (4) are all arranged in two layers, one layer for lifting and transferring the pallet with the car body to the final assembly workshop for assembly, and the other layer for transferring the empty pallet back to the loading station.

6. The cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (1) is provided with a plurality of guide rails (6), each of which is used to prevent the pallet from being thrown out of the Y-axis direction roller bed (2) due to inertia.

7. The cross-shaped double-layer transfer roller bed according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The bottom of the support frame (1) is provided with multiple sets of adjustable supports (7), and each adjustable support (7) can adjust the height of the roller bed along the Z-axis direction.

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