A power distribution structure

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of power electronics technology and discloses a power distribution structure, including a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate, a first contactor and a second contactor, as well as negative and positive line groups. The first and second fixed plates, distributed perpendicularly to each other, form a spatially staggered three-dimensional installation structure, ensuring a compact overall structure while rationally dividing the layout layers. The positive and negative line groups are fixedly connected to first contactors in different areas, and multiple second contactors achieve a stable connection between the load lines, enhancing mechanical support and electrical connection strength. This effectively alleviates structural stress concentration caused by vibration, temperature, and other factors, thereby effectively avoiding poor circuit contact problems caused by loose connections or displacement. Furthermore, multiple positive load lines are interconnected and shunt through independent contactors, achieving efficient distribution of multiple loads while reducing the risk of heat concentration at each contact point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power electronics technology, and more specifically, to a power distribution structure. Background Technology

[0002] Power distribution units (PDUs), as the core structure in electrical systems for achieving multi-circuit power supply, power dispatch, and load distribution, are widely used in new energy, rail transportation, aerospace, and large industrial equipment. With the continuous increase in power density of electrical equipment and the growing complexity of system structures, the requirements for circuit stability, current carrying capacity, and structural compactness of PDUs are also increasing. To improve energy efficiency management and system operational safety, modern power distribution systems are increasingly adopting modular design concepts, unifying the arrangement of contactors, conductive busbars, and multiple load lines to improve wiring clarity and maintenance convenience. Simultaneously, the utilization of vertical space has become one of the main technical directions for compact power distribution modules, aiming to improve installation efficiency and space utilization.

[0003] Existing power distribution structures typically feature mostly parallel arrangement of positive and negative lines, resulting in a planar overall structure with messy wiring and insufficient installation density. Under complex operating conditions, due to the large number and compact distribution of contactors, power distribution between load lines is often achieved through simple parallel or superimposed connections. Under continuous vibration or drastic temperature changes, this can easily lead to loosening of contacts and unstable connections, causing poor circuit contact, fault alarms, and even burn-out. Furthermore, high power density also makes heat accumulation more likely, affecting equipment stability and lifespan.

[0004] Therefore, a power distribution structure is needed to solve the problem of poor circuit contact that is easily caused by existing power distribution structures. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a power distribution structure that addresses the technical problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A power distribution structure, comprising:

[0008] A first fixing plate and a second fixing plate, wherein the second fixing plate is disposed on one side of the first fixing plate, and the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are arranged perpendicularly to each other;

[0009] First contactor and second contactor, the first fixing plate is equipped with a plurality of first contactors and second contactors, and the second fixing plate is equipped with a plurality of first contactors.

[0010] The negative circuit group includes several negative load circuits, the negative load circuits are fixedly connected to a first contactor, and the several negative load circuits are fixedly connected to each other through a second contactor.

[0011] A positive electrode circuit group includes several positive electrode load lines, which are fixedly connected to a first contactor, and the several positive electrode load lines are fixedly connected to each other through a second contactor.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes several support components, each including a U-shaped support member. Several of the U-shaped support members are installed on the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate. An insulating support column is provided on one end face of the U-shaped support member, and the insulating support column is used to support the negative load line and the positive load line.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes several diverters, each diverter having multiple metal plates arranged side by side, and each of the multiple metal plates having a diverter connector at both ends.

[0014] The negative load line is interrupted to form a shunt connection, which is fixedly connected to the shunt connector so that the negative load line is connected to the shunt to form a path.

[0015] Furthermore, the first contactor includes a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal, which are used to control the on / off state of the circuit.

[0016] The negative load line is interrupted to form a negative contact connection part, and the positive load line is interrupted to form a positive contact connection part. Both the negative contact connection part and the positive contact connection part are fixedly connected to the first connection end and the second connection end.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a fuse, which comprises a cylindrical insulating shell, a hot fuse wire passing through the insulating shell, and an arc-quenching filler filling the insulating shell, the arc-quenching filler wrapping the hot fuse wire;

[0018] The positive load line is interrupted to form a fusible connection part, which is fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the hot fuse to make the positive load line connected to the fuse.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes several arch-shaped connecting bridges, with the connecting bridges connecting two negative load lines separated by the negative load line, and the connecting bridges connecting two positive load lines separated by the positive load line.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of first protective supports are installed on the side of the first fixing plate facing the negative electrode circuit group, and the ends of the plurality of first protective supports away from the first fixing plate are connected to the first protective plate.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of second protective supports are installed on the side of the second fixing plate facing the negative electrode circuit group, and a second protective plate is connected to the end of the plurality of second protective supports away from the second fixing plate. The second protective plates are arranged perpendicularly to the first protective plate.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] This utility model provides a power distribution structure. Through mutually perpendicular first and second fixed plates, a spatially staggered three-dimensional installation structure is formed, ensuring a compact overall structure while rationally dividing the layout layers. The first fixed plate is used to install a first contactor shared by positive and negative poles and some second contactors. The first contactors are centrally arranged on the second fixed plate, further optimizing the distribution of circuit connections. By fixing the positive and negative line groups to first contactors in different areas respectively, and achieving a stable connection between load lines through multiple second contactors, the mechanical support and electrical connection strength of the entire distribution system are enhanced. This effectively alleviates structural stress concentration caused by factors such as vibration and thermal expansion and contraction, thereby effectively avoiding poor circuit contact problems caused by loose connections or displacement. Furthermore, by zoning the positive and negative line groups and electrically connecting them through a distributed contactor array, multiple positive load lines are interconnected and shunt through independent contactors. This achieves efficient distribution of multiple loads while reducing the risk of thermal concentration at each contact point, forming clear maintenance zones and fault isolation paths, improving the system's thermal stability and the maintainability of module replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a power distribution structure according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support component of this utility model;

[0028] in:

[0029] 1. First fixing plate; 2. Second fixing plate; 3. First contactor; 4. Second contactor; 5. Negative line group; 51. Negative load line; 511. Shunt connection part; 512. Negative contact connection part; 6. Positive line group; 61. Positive load line; 611. Positive contact connection part; 612. Fuse connection part; 7. Support assembly; 71. U-shaped support member; 72. Insulating support column; 8. Shunt; 9. Fuse; 10. Connecting bridge; 11. First protective support member; 12. First protective plate; 13. Second protective support member; 14. Second protective plate.

[0030] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 3 This utility model proposes a power distribution structure, including:

[0036] A first fixing plate 1 and a second fixing plate 2 are provided on one side of the first fixing plate 1, and the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2 are arranged perpendicularly to each other.

[0037] First contactor 3 and second contactor 4, first fixing plate 1 is equipped with a plurality of first contactors 3 and second contactors 4, and second fixing plate 2 is equipped with a plurality of first contactors 3.

[0038] The negative line group 5 includes several negative load lines 51, which are fixedly connected to the first contactor 3, and the several negative load lines 51 are fixedly connected to each other through the second contactor 4.

[0039] The positive circuit group 6 includes several positive load lines 61, which are fixedly connected to the first contactor 3, and the several positive load lines 61 are fixedly connected to each other through the second contactor 4.

[0040] In the above embodiment, a first fixing plate 1 and a second fixing plate 2 are included. The second fixing plate 2 is disposed on one side of the first fixing plate 1 and is perpendicularly distributed to the first fixing plate 1 to form a three-dimensional structure. The overall configuration forms an "L"-shaped spatial arrangement, which makes the component installation both directional and improves the utilization of internal space. In this three-dimensional structure, several first contactors 3 and second contactors 4 are installed on the first fixing plate 1, and several first contactors 3 are centrally arranged on the second fixing plate 2. Specifically, there are four first contactors 3 on both the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2. The first contactors 3 are 800A contactors, and the second contactors 4 are 400A contactors. The first contactors 3 are the main connection nodes of the positive and negative lines, with high current carrying capacity and fast conduction performance. They are modular standard contactors, installed on the fixing plate by screws or rail clips, and connected to the corresponding lines through busbars or wires. The second contactors 4 are used to realize the lateral interconnection between the load lines of the same group, forming a shared or split interface between branches. To enhance the rigidity and thermal conductivity of the contactor mounting area, the mounting plate can be made of a metal substrate (such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel) or a composite material, and a reasonable ventilation gap can be reserved in the structure or arranged in conjunction with an air-cooling module to meet the thermal stability requirements for long-term operation.

[0041] In terms of circuit connection, this embodiment includes a positive circuit group 6 and a negative circuit group 5, each comprising several independent positive load lines 61 and negative load lines 51. Specifically, there are four groups of positive load lines 61 and four groups of negative load lines 51, with two groups of positive load lines 61 and two groups of negative load lines 51 configured in an L-shape, connecting to the first fixed plate 1 and the second fixed plate 2 respectively. Each positive load line 61 is fixedly connected to a first contactor 3 located on the first fixed plate 1 or the second fixed plate 2, forming the main path of the positive power supply. Similarly, each negative load line 51 is also connected to the main load path through a first contactor 3. To achieve connection or switching between branches, multiple positive lines and multiple negative lines are fixedly connected through second contactors 4 respectively. Because the positive and negative lines are spatially partitioned and concentrated on different plates when connected to the contactors, mutual interference and overlapping of lines are greatly reduced, improving electromagnetic compatibility and heat dissipation. Furthermore, the three-dimensional structure enables multi-point support and rigid dispersion under complex operating conditions, effectively mitigating the instability caused by structural stress concentration at the contact points. The independent physical partitioning of the positive and negative circuits facilitates rapid identification of circuit ownership, enabling module-level maintenance, troubleshooting, and replacement operations. Simultaneously, the spatial separation of heat sources in each circuit avoids heat accumulation, improving overall thermal stability and operational reliability.

[0042] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4In one embodiment, the system further includes a plurality of support components 7, each of which includes a U-shaped support member 71. The plurality of U-shaped support members 71 are mounted on the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2. An insulating support column 72 is provided on one end face of each U-shaped support member 71. The insulating support column 72 is used to support the negative load line 51 and the positive load line 61.

[0043] In the above embodiment, the support assembly 7 includes multiple U-shaped support members 71. Each U-shaped support member 71 is fixed to the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2 via its two supporting surfaces to form a three-dimensional support structure. One end face of each U-shaped support member 71 is equipped with an insulating support column 72, which supports the positive and negative load lines 51, fixing the negative load line 51 and the positive load line 61 to the first fixing plate 1 and the second fixing plate 2. This effectively prevents loosening or instability of the lines due to vibration or load fluctuations during system operation. The insulating support column 72 not only provides necessary mechanical support but also has an electrical isolation function, ensuring that no short circuit or electrical interference occurs between the negative and positive load lines 61. By arranging U-shaped support members 71 at multiple key locations, the stability and durability of the lines can be further enhanced, especially when high power and high current flow occur, effectively preventing mechanical damage or losses and failures caused by excessive temperature.

[0044] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one example, it also includes several diverters 8, each diverter 8 having multiple metal plates arranged side by side, and each of the multiple metal plates having a diverter connector at both ends.

[0045] The negative load line 51 is interrupted to form a shunt connection part 511, which is fixedly connected to the shunt connector so that the negative load line 51 is connected to the shunt 8 to form a path.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the shunt 8 is used to improve the load balancing and current management capabilities of the power distribution structure. The shunt 8 includes multiple side-by-side metal plates, which are connected to the load lines via shunt connectors at both ends. When the negative load line 51 is interrupted, a shunt connection 511 is formed, which is fixedly connected to the shunt connectors on the shunt 8. The multiple metal plates form multiple parallel paths to effectively distribute the current load and detect the current. When the current is too high or the load is uneven, the shunt 8 ensures a more uniform current distribution, preventing overload. By achieving fine-grained current management during power distribution, the shunt 8 not only optimizes the current distribution of the system but also reduces resistance losses in the lines, improving the power conversion efficiency and stability of the system.

[0047] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the first contactor 3 includes a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal, which are used to control the on / off state of the circuit.

[0048] The negative load line 51 is interrupted to form a negative contact connection part 512, and the positive load line 61 is interrupted to form a positive contact connection part 611. Both the negative contact connection part 512 and the positive contact connection part 611 are fixedly connected to the first connection end and the second connection end.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the first contactor 3 includes a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal, which are used to control the on / off state of the circuit, respectively. After the electrical connection of the negative load line 51 and the positive load line 61 is interrupted, they respectively form a negative contact connection portion 512 and a positive contact connection portion 611, which are fixedly connected to the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal on the single first contactor 3. This structure allows the negative and positive lines to be precisely switched via the contactor when needed, ensuring electrical isolation and reliable connection of the circuit under different operating states. The function of the contactor is to disconnect or connect the line in a timely manner according to load requirements, thereby controlling the direction of current flow and load distribution.

[0050] In one embodiment, the device further includes a fuse 9, which includes a cylindrical insulating shell, a hot fuse wire passing through the insulating shell, and an arc-quenching filler filling the insulating shell, the arc-quenching filler wrapping the hot fuse wire.

[0051] The positive load line 61 is interrupted to form a fusible connection part 612, which is fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the hot fuse so that the positive load line 61 is connected to the fuse 9.

[0052] In the above embodiment, a fuse 9 is provided in the positive load line 61. The fuse 9 includes a cylindrical insulating shell made of high-strength, high-temperature resistant insulating material, possessing good electrical isolation performance and mechanical strength. A hot-melt wire is threaded along the central axis inside the insulating shell, and both ends of the hot-melt wire are fixedly connected to the fusible connection portion 612 formed by the interruption of the positive load line 61. The fusible connection portion 612 forms a stable electrical connection with both ends of the hot-melt wire through a crimp terminal or screw connection structure, ensuring that under normal operating conditions, current flows smoothly through the hot-melt wire to achieve positive line continuity.

[0053] To improve the safety and stability of fuse 9 during arc breaking, the insulating shell is filled with an arc-extinguishing filler, which can be made of quartz sand, ceramic particles, or special inorganic materials. This filler completely covers the hot-melt wire, so that when an overload or short-circuit fault occurs, the arc generated by the fuse melting is absorbed and extinguished by the arc-extinguishing material in a very short time, effectively preventing arc breakdown and secondary breakdown, and avoiding high-temperature damage to surrounding structures. This enables the power distribution structure to have a fast-response overcurrent protection function, which not only ensures the operational safety of the load equipment, but also enables partial isolation after a fault, facilitating maintenance and system reconfiguration, and significantly improving the overall stability and service life of the system.

[0054] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the system further includes a plurality of arch-shaped connecting bridges 10, with the connecting bridge 10 connecting between two negative load lines 51 separated by the negative load line 51, and the connecting bridge 10 connecting between two positive load lines 61 separated by the positive load line 61.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the connecting bridge 10 is made of a highly conductive metal material and has an inverted "U" shape. Its two ends are fixed between two spaced-apart negative load lines 51 or positive load lines 61 by crimping or screwing. Each connecting bridge 10 spans above adjacent lines, achieving electrical interconnection between lines without interfering with the original layout path and maintaining wiring clarity. This connection method can be used to balance current distribution and guide redundant path currents. Especially when multiple parallel loads are running together, it helps reduce voltage differences caused by local conductor resistance and improves system stability.

[0056] In addition, the arch-shaped structure has good space avoidance characteristics, leaving enough space for equipment operation or maintenance above the connecting bridge 10. At the same time, due to its own elasticity and deformation resistance, the connecting bridge 10 can effectively absorb some stress when the system is subjected to mechanical vibration or temperature difference changes, preventing the wire joints from loosening or being pulled out.

[0057] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, a plurality of first protective supports 11 are installed on the side of the first fixing plate 1 facing the negative electrode line group 5, and a first protective plate 12 is connected to the end of the plurality of first protective supports 11 away from the first fixing plate 1.

[0058] In the above embodiments, the first protective support member 11 is made of metal or high-strength insulating material, fixed to the first fixed plate 1 by screws or welding, and extends vertically outward to a predetermined height to support the first protective plate 12. The first protective plate 12 can be made of composite material, aluminum alloy or PC flame-retardant plastic. In this embodiment, PC board is preferred. Its shape matches the arrangement area of ​​the negative electrode line group 5 and is installed on the top of several protective support members to form a set of covering and protecting structures for the negative electrode line.

[0059] The first protective plate 12 can effectively prevent external debris or accidental contact from causing damage, short circuit or detachment of the negative line, and is especially suitable for application scenarios with complex operating environments or where there is human intervention.

[0060] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, a plurality of second protective supports 13 are installed on the side of the second fixing plate 2 facing the negative electrode line group 5, and a second protective plate 14 is connected to one end of the plurality of second protective supports 13 away from the second fixing plate 2. The second protective plate 14 is arranged perpendicularly to the first protective plate 12.

[0061] In the above embodiment, the second protective support 13 is made of the same material as the first protective support 11 and is installed in a similar manner. After being fixed to the second fixing plate 2, it extends outward, with its end away from the plate body connected to the second protective plate 14. After installation, the first protective plate 12 and the second protective plate 14 are set perpendicular to each other to form an "L"-shaped protective outline, which together cover the negative electrode line area in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0062] This structure provides comprehensive protection for the negative circuit group 5 through multi-faceted coverage, further preventing external interference from different directions, arcing, or dust accumulation. It also reserves sufficient structural redundancy for future modular upgrades or expansions. The protective plates can be quickly assembled and disassembled using snap-fit ​​or hinged connections, facilitating routine inspection and maintenance. The combination of the first and second protective supports with their corresponding protective plates creates a complete three-dimensional protective barrier, maximizing the physical safety, electrical isolation, and operational reliability of the power distribution structure without affecting the operation of the main functional modules.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A power distribution structure, characterized in that, include: A first fixing plate (1) and a second fixing plate (2), wherein the second fixing plate (2) is disposed on one side of the first fixing plate (1), and the first fixing plate (1) and the second fixing plate (2) are arranged perpendicularly to each other; The first contactor (3) and the second contactor (4) are mounted on the first fixing plate (1), and the second fixing plate (2) is mounted on the second fixing plate (2). The negative line group (5) includes several negative load lines (51), the negative load lines (51) are fixedly connected to the first contactor (3), and the several negative load lines (51) are fixedly connected to each other through the second contactor (4). The positive line group (6) includes several positive load lines (61), the positive load lines (61) are fixedly connected to the first contactor (3), and the several positive load lines (61) are fixedly connected to each other through the second contactor (4).

2. A power distribution structure according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes several support components (7), the support components (7) include U-shaped support members (71), several of the U-shaped support members (71) are installed on the first fixing plate (1) and the second fixing plate (2), and an insulating support column (72) is provided on one end face of the U-shaped support member (71), the insulating support column (72) is used to support the negative load line (51) and the positive load line (61).

3. A power distribution structure according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes several diverters (8), each diverter (8) having multiple metal plates arranged side by side, and each of the multiple metal plates having a diverter connector at both ends; The negative load line (51) is interrupted to form a shunt connection (511), which is fixedly connected to the shunt connector so that the negative load line (51) is connected to the shunt (8) to form a path.

4. The power distribution structure of claim 1, wherein, The first contactor (3) includes a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal, which are used to control the on / off state of the circuit. The negative load line (51) is interrupted to form a negative contact connection part (512), and the positive load line (61) is interrupted to form a positive contact connection part (611). The negative contact connection part (512) and the positive contact connection part (611) are both fixedly connected to the first connection end and the second connection end.

5. The power distribution structure of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a fuse (9), which includes a cylindrical insulating shell, a hot fuse wire passing through the insulating shell, and an arc-quenching filler filling the insulating shell, the arc-quenching filler wrapping the hot fuse wire; The positive load line (61) is interrupted to form a fusible connection (612), which is fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the hot fuse so that the positive load line (61) is connected to the fuse (9).

6. The power distribution structure of claim 1, wherein, It also includes several arch-shaped connecting bridges (10), with the connecting bridge (10) connecting between two negative load lines (51) separated by the negative load line (51), and the connecting bridge (10) connecting between two positive load lines (61) separated by the positive load line (61).

7. The power distribution structure of claim 1, wherein, The first fixing plate (1) is equipped with a plurality of first protective support members (11) on the side facing the negative electrode line group (5), and the first protective support members (11) are connected to a first protective plate (12) at the end away from the first fixing plate (1).

8. A power distribution structure according to claim 7, wherein, The second fixing plate (2) is equipped with a number of second protective support members (13) on the side facing the negative line group (5). The ends of the second protective support members (13) away from the second fixing plate (2) are connected to a second protective plate (14). The second protective plate (14) is arranged perpendicularly to the first protective plate (12).

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