A split-flow counterbalance type steam turbine gland body and gland
By designing the steam seal body of the split-flow counter-impact steam turbine, the steam flow is divided into two streams and the energy is consumed by multiple collisions in the energy dissipation chamber and the counter-impact chamber. This solves the problem of poor sealing effect of traditional steam seals under high pressure and high temperature, and achieves better sealing effect and energy consumption.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHIWEI POWER WUXI CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional steam turbine seals have limited sealing performance under high pressure and high temperature conditions, leading to serious steam leakage, which affects efficiency and wastes energy.
The steam turbine seal body adopts a split-flow counter-impact type. By setting the first guide tooth and energy dissipation chamber in the steam seal section, the steam flow is divided into two streams by the split-flow tooth, which enter the energy dissipation chamber and the counter-impact chamber respectively. The steam energy is consumed through multiple collisions and turbulence, thereby reducing leakage.
It effectively reduces steam leakage, increases the resistance and turbulence of steam flow, improves the sealing effect, reduces steam flow rate, and improves energy consumption efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224478960U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a steam turbine seal, and more specifically, to a steam turbine seal body and seal of a split-flow counter-impact type. Background Technology
[0002] Steam turbines are devices that convert thermal energy into mechanical energy and are widely used in power plants and industrial drives. Steam leakage in steam turbines is a common problem, leading to decreased efficiency and energy waste. Traditional steam seal structures typically employ a single-channel design, which, while reducing steam leakage to some extent, has limited sealing effectiveness under high pressure and high temperature conditions. Therefore, a new type of steam seal is needed that can provide better sealing performance under a wider range of operating conditions. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a shunt deceleration and counter-current energy dissipation type steam turbine steam seal body and steam seal.
[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a steam seal body for a split-flow counter-impact steam turbine, wherein a steam seal portion is provided on the inner end face.
[0005] The steam seal includes a first guide tooth opposite to the high-pressure gas and an energy dissipation chamber located behind the first guide tooth. The inlet of the energy dissipation chamber is opposite to the front end face of the external rotor boss.
[0006] The inner wall of the energy dissipation chamber is integrally formed with diversion teeth facing the inlet. The energy dissipation chamber is divided into an energy dissipation chamber close to the first guide tooth and an anti-flushing chamber away from the first guide tooth by the diversion teeth.
[0007] The free end face of the diverter tooth can be either a plane or a sharp angle; when the free end face of the diverter tooth is a plane, the angle α between the free end face of the diverter tooth and the two inner walls of the energy dissipation chamber inlet is 30°-120°; when the free end face of the diverter tooth is a sharp angle, the angle α between the free end face of the diverter tooth and the opposite inner wall of the energy dissipation chamber inlet is 0°-30°.
[0008] The high-pressure gas moving axially enters the steam seal section through the first guide tooth, and is guided to turn radially outward at the front end face of the corresponding external rotor boss. Under the guidance of the split tooth, part of it enters the energy dissipation chamber and part of it enters the counter-current chamber.
[0009] A split-flow counter-impact steam turbine seal includes the aforementioned seal body.
[0010] The aforementioned type of split-flow counter-impact steam turbine steam seal also includes a rotor that passes through the steam seal body, and the rotor has several bosses distributed along the axial direction.
[0011] In the above-mentioned diversion-type counter-impact steam turbine steam seal device, the inner end face of the steam seal body at the outlet of the energy dissipation chamber is integrally formed with a second guide tooth, and the second guide tooth and the first guide tooth cooperate to form the first outlet of the front end face of the parallel boss.
[0012] The inner end face of the steam seal body on both sides of the outlet of the counter-flow chamber is integrally formed with a third guide tooth. The two third guide teeth cooperate to form a second outlet that is inclined towards the upper end face of the protrusion and opposite to the direction of the high-pressure gas.
[0013] In the aforementioned diversion-type counter-impact steam turbine sealing device, the lower end of the second guide tooth is located on the upper surface of the boss.
[0014] In the above-mentioned diversion-type counter-impact steam turbine sealing device, the lower end of the third guide tooth is located above the upper surface of the boss, and a flow passage is formed between the lower end of the third guide tooth and the upper surface of the boss. The second outlet is inclined toward the flow passage to form a counter-impact structure.
[0015] In the above-mentioned steam seal device for a split-flow counter-impact steam turbine, a first turbulence tooth is provided on the inner end face of the steam seal body near the low-pressure end of the boss. The first turbulence tooth cooperates with a third guide tooth near the low-pressure end to form a turbulence cavity.
[0016] In the above-mentioned steam seal device for a split-flow counter-impact steam turbine, a turbulence step is provided on the steam seal body inside the inlet of the counter-impact chamber. The turbulence step cooperates with the inner wall of the counter-impact chamber to form a loop-shaped turbulence channel that connects the inlet and outlet of the counter-impact chamber.
[0017] In the aforementioned diversion-type counter-current steam turbine sealing device, the root of the tooth between the first turbulence tooth and the third guide tooth near the low-pressure end has a curved surface structure.
[0018] In the above-mentioned split-flow counter-impact steam turbine sealing device, a number of second turbulence teeth are distributed in the energy dissipation chamber and the counter-impact chamber along the gas flow direction.
[0019] In the above-mentioned diversion-type counter-current steam turbine sealing device, the end of the first guide tooth is integrally formed with a turbulence section inclined towards the high-pressure end.
[0020] In the above-mentioned diversion-type counter-impact steam turbine sealing device, a third turbulence tooth is provided at the root of the side wall on the high-pressure end side of the first guide tooth.
[0021] After adopting the above structure, the main steam flow after entering the steam seal section through the first guide tooth is guided by the front end face of the boss and then divided into two streams. Most of the steam forms a radial main flow and enters the energy dissipation chamber, while the other part forms an axial main flow and flows to the low-pressure end.
[0022] When the radial mainstream enters the energy dissipation chamber, it is split into two parts by the diverting teeth and enters the two side chambers respectively, which can effectively reduce the steam flow velocity and consume the energy carried by the steam flow.
[0023] The steam flow in the energy dissipation chamber exits from the back of the first guide tooth, colliding with the mainstream steam to dissipate energy. Furthermore, the mainstream steam can carry the merged steam flow back into the energy dissipation chamber, repeating this energy dissipation cycle multiple times. The steam flow in the counter-flow chamber impacts the axial mainstream steam passing above the boss in the opposite direction as it exits, effectively increasing the resistance and turbulence of the steam flow and reducing steam leakage. Attached Figure Description
[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but this does not constitute any limitation on the present invention.
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of point A of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of this utility model.
[0030] In the figure: 1. Steam seal body; 2. Rotor; 3. Boss; 4. Steam seal section; 5. First guide tooth; 6. Diverter tooth; 7. Energy dissipation chamber; 8. Counterflow chamber; 9. Second guide tooth; 10. First outlet; 11. Third guide tooth; 12. Second outlet; 13. First turbulence tooth; 14. Turbulence step; 15. U-shaped turbulence channel; 16. Second turbulence tooth; 17. Turbulence section; 18. Third turbulence tooth. Detailed Implementation
[0031] Example 1
[0032] See Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention discloses a steam seal body for a split-flow counter-impact steam turbine, wherein a steam seal portion 4 is provided on the inner end face; the steam seal body includes an outer ring for cooperating and connecting with the turbine cylinder block, and an inner ring for cooperating with the rotor shaft, wherein the steam seal portion is disposed on the inner ring.
[0033] The steam seal section 4 includes a first guide tooth 5 opposite to the high-pressure gas and an energy dissipation chamber located behind the first guide tooth 5. The inlet of the energy dissipation chamber is opposite to the front end face of the external rotor boss. The energy dissipation chamber is an annular chamber set in the steam seal body.
[0034] The inner wall of the energy dissipation chamber is integrally formed with a diversion tooth 6 facing the inlet. The energy dissipation chamber is divided into an energy dissipation chamber 7 close to the first guide tooth and an anti-flushing chamber 8 far away from the first guide tooth 5 by the diversion tooth 6.
[0035] The free end face of the diverting tooth 6 is either flat or pointed. When the free end of the diverting tooth 6 is flat, the angle α between the free end face of the diverting tooth and the two inner walls of the energy dissipation chamber inlet is 30°-120°. When the free end of the diverting tooth 6 is pointed, the angle α between the free end face of the diverting tooth and the opposite inner wall of the energy dissipation chamber inlet is 0°-30°. By changing the angle of the diverting tooth, the steam flow rate and pressure can be adjusted to control the ratio of steam entering the energy dissipation chamber and the counter-current chamber.
[0036] A sharper angle design for the splitting teeth (acute angle design) can smoothly guide two steam streams into different chambers to perform work. This is suitable for steam turbine seal positions where steam pressure and temperature are relatively low, as the steam parameters are low and a certain pressure drop is needed to guide the steam flow into the chamber. Conversely, obtuse angle structures (greater than 90°) to planar tooth structures (180°) can effectively increase the collision area between the steam and the splitting teeth, rapidly reduce steam velocity, and effectively improve steam resistance. This is more suitable for high- and medium-pressure turbine seal devices where temperature, steam velocity, and pressure are higher.
[0037] The high-pressure gas moving axially enters the steam seal section 4 through the first guide tooth 5, and is guided to turn radially outward at the front end face of the corresponding external rotor boss. Under the guidance of the split tooth 6, part of it enters the energy dissipation chamber 7 and part of it enters the counter-current chamber 8.
[0038] After entering the steam seal section through the first guide tooth, the main steam flow is guided by the front end face of the boss and splits into two streams. Most of the steam forms a radial main flow that enters the energy dissipation chamber, while the other part forms an axial main flow that flows toward the low-pressure end.
[0039] When the radial mainstream enters the energy dissipation chamber, it is split into two parts by the diverting teeth and enters the two side chambers respectively, which can effectively reduce the steam flow velocity and consume the energy carried by the steam flow.
[0040] The steam flow in the energy dissipation chamber exits from the back of the first guide tooth, colliding with the mainstream steam to dissipate energy. Furthermore, the mainstream steam can carry the merged steam flow back into the energy dissipation chamber, repeating this energy dissipation cycle multiple times. The steam flow in the counter-flow chamber impacts the axial mainstream steam passing above the boss in the opposite direction as it exits, effectively increasing the resistance and turbulence of the steam flow and reducing steam leakage.
[0041] In this embodiment, a second guide tooth 9 is integrally formed on the inner end face of the steam seal body 1 at the outlet of the energy dissipation chamber 7. The second guide tooth 9 and the first guide tooth 5 cooperate to form the first outlet 10 on the front end face of the parallel boss 3. When the steam flow from the energy dissipation chamber flows out from the first outlet, it is guided by the second guide tooth to merge with the mainstream steam below, so that the steam flow from the energy dissipation chamber collides perpendicularly with the mainstream steam, which can quickly consume energy.
[0042] The inner end faces of the steam seal body 1 on both sides of the outlet of the counter-impact chamber 8 are integrally formed with third guide teeth 11. The two third guide teeth 11 cooperate to form a second outlet 12 that is inclined towards the upper end face of the boss 3 and opposite to the direction of the high-pressure gas. When the steam flow from the counter-impact chamber flows out of the second outlet, it is guided by the third guide teeth to merge with the high-pressure gas below to form a counter-impact, which effectively hinders the high-pressure gas.
[0043] A steam seal for a split-flow counter-impact steam turbine includes a steam seal body 1.
[0044] In this embodiment, a rotor 2 is also included, which is inserted into the steam seal body 1. Several bosses 3 are distributed along the axial direction on the rotor 2.
[0045] In this embodiment, preferably, the lower end of the second guide tooth 9 is located on the upper side of the upper surface of the boss 3.
[0046] In this embodiment, preferably, the lower end of the third guide tooth 11 is located above the upper surface of the boss 3, and a flow channel is formed between the lower end of the third guide tooth 11 and the upper surface of the boss 3. The second outlet 12 is inclined toward the flow channel to form a counter-current structure. By forming a smaller flow channel with the upper surface of the boss through the third guide tooth, the flow velocity of the axial steam mainstream is increased, which can improve the counter-current force and improve the energy consumption efficiency during counter-current.
[0047] In this embodiment, preferably, a first turbulence tooth 13 is provided on the inner end face of the steam seal body 1 near the low-pressure end of the boss 3. The first turbulence tooth 13 cooperates with the third guide tooth 11 near the low-pressure end to form a turbulence cavity. The lower end of the first turbulence tooth is located on the upper surface of the boss. When the steam flow passes through the third guide tooth, the steam flow is guided towards the rotor by the first turbulence tooth. After colliding with the rotor surface, the steam flow changes direction again and moves axially towards the next first guide tooth, which prolongs the steam flow path and increases the number of collisions, further improving energy consumption and improving the steam sealing effect.
[0048] In this embodiment, preferably, the end of the first guide tooth 5 is integrally formed with a turbulence portion 17 inclined towards the high-pressure end. When the high-pressure steam flow collides with the surface of the first guide tooth, under the guidance of the turbulence portion, part of the steam flow flows towards the high-pressure end and collides with the high-pressure steam flow to perform preliminary energy dissipation.
[0049] In this embodiment, preferably, a third turbulence tooth 18 is provided at the root of the side wall on the high-pressure end side of the first guide tooth 5. Before the high-pressure steam enters the steam seal section, it first collides with the surface of the first guide tooth, and the high-pressure gas is initially turbulent through the first turbulence groove formed by the third turbulence tooth and the steam seal body, further improving the energy dissipation effect.
[0050] During operation, the high-pressure steam collides with the surface of the first guide tooth and enters the steam seal section through the first guide tooth. The main steam flow collides with the front end face of the boss and is divided into a radially outward main flow and an axial main flow that continues to flow towards the low-pressure end.
[0051] Guided by the splitting teeth, the radial main flow splits into two streams, which enter the energy dissipation chamber and the counter-current chamber respectively. The steam flow in the energy dissipation chamber advances along the steam flow channel to the first outlet and flows out, where it merges with the main steam flow, collides and dissipates energy, and then collides again with the front end face of the boss as it advances with the main steam flow. The steam flow in the counter-current chamber advances along the steam flow channel to the second outlet and flows out, where it merges and collides with the axial main flow under the guidance of the third guide teeth.
[0052] The axial mainstream flows into the turbulence chamber through the gap between the third guide tooth and the boss, and continues to flow to the low-pressure end, bypassing the fourth guide tooth.
[0053] Example 2
[0054] See Figure 4 As shown, the steam seal device for a split-flow counter-current turbine of this utility model has a structure that is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1. The difference is that, in this embodiment, a turbulence step 14 is provided on the steam seal body 1 inside the inlet of the counter-current chamber 8. The turbulence step 14 cooperates with the inner wall of the counter-current chamber 8 to form a loop-shaped turbulence channel 15 that connects the inlet and outlet of the counter-current chamber 8. The loop-shaped turbulence channel can provide a smoother steam flow path, enhancing the counter-current effect and energy dissipation efficiency.
[0055] In this embodiment, the root of the first turbulence tooth 13 and the third guide tooth 11 near the low-pressure end is a curved structure. Designing the root of the first turbulence tooth and the third guide tooth near the low-pressure end as curved structures allows the steam flow to form a vortex flow under the guidance of the inner walls of the first turbulence tooth and the third guide tooth after entering the turbulence cavity. This further increases the energy consumption of the steam flow, improves the steam resistance efficiency, and thus enhances the overall sealing performance of the steam sealing device.
[0056] Its usage method is the same as in Example 1.
[0057] Example 3
[0058] See Figure 5As shown, the steam sealing device for a split-flow counter-impact steam turbine of this utility model has a structure that is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1. The difference is that, in this embodiment, a plurality of second turbulence teeth 16 are distributed along the gas flow direction in the energy dissipation chamber 7 and the counter-impact chamber 8. The second turbulence teeth cooperate to form a sawtooth shape, which increases the friction area between the steam flow and the inner wall of the chamber, further improving the sealing effect and reducing gas leakage.
[0059] Its usage method is the same as in Example 1.
[0060] The above-described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are only used to facilitate the illustration of the present utility model. They are not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any person skilled in the art who makes partial modifications or alterations to the technical content disclosed in the present utility model without departing from the scope of the technical features of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical features of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A steam seal body for a split-flow counter-impact steam turbine, characterized in that, An air seal (4) is provided on the inner end face; The steam seal (4) includes a first guide tooth (5) opposite to the high-pressure gas and an energy dissipation chamber located behind the first guide tooth (5). The inlet of the energy dissipation chamber is opposite to the front end face of the external rotor boss. The inner wall of the energy dissipation chamber is integrally formed with a diversion tooth (6) facing the inlet. The energy dissipation chamber is divided into an energy dissipation chamber (7) close to the first guide tooth and an anti-flow chamber (8) away from the first guide tooth (5) by the diversion tooth (6). The free end face of the diverter tooth (6) is either a plane or a sharp angle; when the free end of the diverter tooth (6) is a plane, the angle α between the free end face of the diverter tooth and the two inner walls of the energy dissipation chamber inlet is 30°-120°; when the free end of the diverter tooth (6) is a sharp angle, the angle α between the free end face of the diverter tooth and the opposite inner wall of the energy dissipation chamber inlet is 0°-30°. The high-pressure gas moving along the axial direction enters the steam seal section (4) through the first guide tooth (5), and is guided to turn radially outward at the front end face of the corresponding external rotor boss. Under the guidance of the split tooth (6), part of it enters the energy dissipation chamber (7), and part of it enters the counter-current chamber (8).
2. A steam seal for a split-flow counter-impact steam turbine, characterized in that, It includes the steam seal body (1) as described in claim 1.
3. A split-flow counter-impact steam turbine seal according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a rotor (2) that passes through the steam seal body (1), and a number of bosses (3) are distributed along the axial direction on the rotor (2).
4. A split-flow counter-impact steam turbine seal according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner end face of the steam seal body (1) at the outlet of the energy dissipation chamber (7) is integrally formed with a second guide tooth (9), and the second guide tooth (9) and the first guide tooth (5) cooperate to form the first outlet (10) of the front end face of the parallel boss (3). The inner end face of the gas seal body (1) on both sides of the outlet of the counter-flow chamber (8) is integrally formed with a third guide tooth (11). The two third guide teeth (11) cooperate to form a second outlet (12) that is inclined towards the upper end face of the boss (3) and opposite to the direction of the high pressure gas. The lower end of the second guide tooth (9) is located on the upper side of the upper surface of the boss (3).
5. A split-flow counter-impact steam turbine seal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower end of the third guide tooth (11) is located above the upper surface of the boss (3), and a flow channel is formed between the lower end of the third guide tooth (11) and the upper surface of the boss (3). The second outlet (12) is inclined toward the flow channel to form a counter-flow structure.
6. A split-flow counter-impact steam turbine seal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The boss (3) has a first turbulence tooth (13) on the inner end face of the steam seal body (1) near the low pressure end. The first turbulence tooth (13) and the third guide tooth (11) near the low pressure end cooperate to form a turbulence cavity. The root of the tooth between the first turbulence tooth (13) and the third guide tooth (11) near the low-pressure end is a curved structure.
7. A split-flow counter-impact steam turbine seal according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steam seal body (1) inside the inlet of the counter-current chamber (8) is provided with a turbulence step (14), which cooperates with the inner wall of the counter-current chamber (8) to form a loop-shaped turbulence channel (15) for the inlet and outlet of the counter-current chamber (8).
8. A split-flow counter-impact steam turbine seal according to claim 2, characterized in that, Several second turbulence teeth (16) are distributed along the gas flow direction in the energy dissipation cavity (7) and the counter-current cavity (8).
9. A split-flow counter-impact steam turbine seal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first guide tooth (5) has an integrally formed turbulence portion (17) that is inclined toward the high-pressure end.
10. A split-flow counter-impact steam turbine seal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first guide tooth (5) has a third turbulence tooth (18) at the root of the side wall on the high-pressure side.