Battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of battery pack and electric equipment, battery pack includes box, battery module, battery management unit and mounting bracket;Box is formed with electric core chamber, and the chamber wall of electric core chamber is equipped with pressure relief structure;The battery module is located in electric core chamber;Mounting bracket includes: support part and shelter part, support part is connected with battery module, and battery management unit is located in support part, and shelter part is connected with support part, and shelter part is located between battery module and pressure relief structure.This application technique is by the mounting bracket of battery management unit Structure multiplexing, and form shelter between battery module and pressure relief structure by mounting bracket, to not increase additional shelter piece condition, utilize the structure of mounting bracket itself, guide the flame of battery module along preset path moves, avoid the flame of battery module to cause direct to pressure relief structure, extend the travel path of flame, reduce the possibility that flame is ejected outward via pressure relief structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] Battery fire prevention has always been an important issue in battery technology development, especially in applications such as electric vehicles and mobile devices. To avoid the dangers of battery thermal runaway, battery packs are usually designed with pressure relief structures. These structures are used to release gas and pressure in a timely manner when the battery overheats or malfunctions, thereby reducing internal pressure and preventing the battery pack from rupturing or exploding.

[0003] However, while the pressure relief structure can effectively reduce internal pressure, when it is activated, the flame inside the battery pack may also be ejected outside the battery pack through the pressure relief structure. This could not only cause a secondary fire, but also pose a threat to the surrounding environment and people.

[0004] Therefore, how to prevent flames from shooting out of the battery pack during battery thermal runaway has become an urgent problem to be solved in the industry. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a battery pack and electrical equipment, in order to solve the problem that, in the case of thermal runaway, the flame of the battery module is easily ejected outward through the pressure relief structure.

[0006] To achieve the objectives of this application, in a first aspect, this application proposes a battery pack, the battery pack including a housing, a battery module, a battery management unit, and a mounting bracket; the housing forms a cell cavity, and the cavity wall of the cell cavity is provided with a pressure relief structure; the battery module is disposed within the cell cavity; the mounting bracket includes:

[0007] A support portion, which is connected to the battery module, and the battery management unit is located in the support portion;

[0008] A shielding part is connected to the supporting part and is located between the battery module and the pressure relief structure.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the projection of the pressure relief structure is located within the projection of the shielding portion along the width direction of the battery pack.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the shielding portion includes a baffle and a first connecting plate; one end of the baffle is connected to the support portion, and the other end is connected to the first connecting plate; the baffle is located between the battery module and the pressure relief structure.

[0011] The first connecting plate is connected to the housing.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, along the width direction of the battery pack, the distance between the baffle and the battery module is A, and the distance between the baffle and the pressure relief structure is B, satisfying:

[0013] 1mm≤A≤3mm and / or 10mm≤B≤15mm.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the mounting bracket has a fire-retardant coating that covers the surface of the baffle.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the first connecting plate is provided with a first connecting hole for a first fastener to pass through so as to connect the first connecting plate to the housing.

[0016] The baffle is provided with a clearance hole, which is used to provide clearance for the installation of the first fastener.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the support portion includes a support plate and two limiting plates; the two limiting plates are spaced apart from the support plate along the width direction of the battery pack; the support plate and the two limiting plates enclose an installation space.

[0018] The battery management unit is located within the installation space.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, each of the limiting plates includes a first limiting segment and a second limiting segment, the first limiting segment being connected to the support plate, and the battery management unit being located between the two first limiting segments;

[0020] One end of the second limiting segment is connected to the end of the first limiting segment away from the support plate, and the other end extends away from the battery management unit. The battery management unit is connected to the second limiting segment.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the support portion further includes a second connecting plate, the second connecting plate having a second connecting hole for a second fastener to pass through so as to connect the second connecting plate and the battery module;

[0022] The mounting bracket has a fire-retardant coating; the fire-retardant coating covers the surface of the support plate, the surface of the limiting plate, and part of the surface of the second connecting plate.

[0023] Secondly, this application also proposes an electrical device, the electrical device including a battery pack, the battery pack including a housing, a battery module, a battery management unit and a mounting bracket; the housing forms a cell cavity, the cavity wall of the cell cavity is provided with a pressure relief structure; the battery module is disposed in the cell cavity; the mounting bracket includes:

[0024] A support portion, which is connected to the battery module, and the battery management unit is located in the support portion;

[0025] A shielding part is connected to the supporting part and is located between the battery module and the pressure relief structure.

[0026] This application reuses the structure of a battery management unit mounting bracket, configuring it as a support for mounting the battery management unit and a shielding portion extending between the battery module and the pressure relief structure. This creates a shield between the battery module and the pressure relief structure, guiding the flame of the battery module along a predetermined path without adding additional shielding components. This prevents the flame from directly hitting the pressure relief structure, extends the flame's travel path, and reduces the likelihood of flames ejected outwards through the pressure relief structure. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of the battery pack provided in this application;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Side view;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting bracket;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the area at point b;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A magnified view of point a;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 1 Coating distribution diagram of the mounting bracket.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0036] 1000-battery pack;

[0037] 1-Box housing, 11-Cell cavity;

[0038] 2-Battery module, 21-Battery cell, 22-Module bracket;

[0039] 3-Battery management unit, 31-Connecting lug

[0040] 4-Mounting bracket, 41-Support part, 411-Support plate, 412-Limiting plate, 4121-First limiting segment, 4122-Second limiting segment, 41221-Third connecting hole, 41222-First surface, 41223-Second surface, 413-Second connecting plate, 4131-Second connecting hole, 42-Shielding part, 421-Baffle, 4211-Allowing hole, 422-First connecting plate, 4221-First connecting hole;

[0041] 5-Nut, 6-Coated area, 7-Uncoated area, 8-First fastener, 9-Second fastener, 10-Third fastener, 110-Pressure relief structure. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0043] This application proposes an electrical device, which can be a mobile phone, a vehicle, a ship, or an aircraft; this application does not limit the scope of the device.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, the electrical device includes a load and a battery pack, the load being used to consume electrical energy to perform a specific task or function, and the battery pack being used to provide electrical energy to the load.

[0045] For example, taking a vehicle as an example, when the electrical equipment is a vehicle, the vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, an electric vehicle, or a hybrid vehicle; this application does not limit this. The vehicle includes a body, a battery pack, and a load. The body serves as the supporting frame of the vehicle, used to support and connect the various component assemblies. The body has a battery compartment, and the battery pack is housed within the battery compartment. The battery pack is electrically connected to the load, which can be an electric motor, an air conditioning system, a central control system, or even a lighting system, a heating system, etc. The battery pack provides power to these loads, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the vehicle and the implementation of its various functions.

[0046] For ease of explanation, the X direction in the diagram is used to represent the length of the battery pack, the Y direction is used to represent the width of the battery pack, and the Z direction is used to represent the height of the battery pack.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, the battery pack 1000 includes a housing 1, a battery module 2, a battery management unit 3, and a mounting bracket 4. The housing 1 serves as the main structural component of the battery pack 1000 and is used to support and connect the various components of the battery pack 1000. The housing 1 forms a cell cavity 11, and the battery module 2 is disposed in the cell cavity 11.

[0048] The battery module 2 is used to provide energy to the load. In some embodiments of this application, the battery module 2 includes multiple battery cells 21 connected in series or parallel, and a module bracket 22 for fixing each battery cell 21. The battery cell 21 may be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, or a secondary battery. This application does not limit the types of batteries used.

[0049] The battery management unit 3 (BMS) is installed in the cell cavity 11 via the mounting bracket 4. The battery management unit 3 is used to manage the operating status or charging and discharging of the battery cells 21, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack 1000.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 2 During charging and discharging, battery module 2 may experience thermal runaway due to overcharging, short circuits, abnormal temperatures, or other factors, leading to a rapid increase in internal pressure within the battery pack 1000. To address this safety hazard, the battery pack 1000's housing 1 is typically equipped with a pressure relief structure 110. This pressure relief structure 110 can be an explosion-proof valve, a thermal valve, or a safety membrane that can melt at high temperatures; this application does not impose any restrictions on this. The pressure relief structure 110 is used to open when thermal runaway occurs in battery module 2, thereby releasing the pressure within the battery pack 1000 and reducing the possibility of the battery pack 1000 exploding.

[0051] However, although the pressure relief structure 110 can effectively reduce the internal pressure, when it is activated, the flame inside the battery pack 1000 may also be ejected to the outside of the battery pack 1000 through the pressure relief structure 110, which may not only cause a secondary fire, but also pose a threat to the surrounding environment and personnel.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 3To solve the above problems, in this application, the mounting bracket 4 includes a support part 41 and a shielding part 42. The support part 41 is connected to the battery module 2, the battery management unit 3 is disposed on the support part 41, and the shielding part 42 is connected to the support part 41. The shielding part 42 is located between the battery module 2 and the pressure relief structure 110.

[0053] This application reuses the structure of the mounting bracket 4 of the battery management unit 3, configuring the mounting bracket 4 as a support part 41 for mounting the battery management unit 3, and a shielding part 42 extending between the battery module 2 and the pressure relief structure 110. This creates a shield between the battery module 2 and the pressure relief structure 110, thereby guiding the flame of the battery module 2 along a predetermined path using the structure of the mounting bracket 4 itself, without adding additional shielding components. This prevents the flame of the battery module 2 from directly hitting the pressure relief structure 110, prolongs the flame's travel path, and ultimately extinguishes the flame, reducing the possibility of the flame being ejected outwards through the pressure relief structure 110.

[0054] To improve the shielding effect of the shielding part 42 on the flames of the battery module 2 in the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack 1000, in one embodiment of this application, the projection of the pressure relief structure 110 is located within the projection of the shielding part 42 along the width direction of the battery pack 1000. This ensures that the shielding part 42 can completely shield the pressure relief structure 110, increasing the shielding area of ​​the shielding part 42 on the pressure relief structure 110 and reducing the possibility of flames being ejected outwards through the pressure relief structure 110.

[0055] Please refer to Figures 3 to 5 In some embodiments of this application, the shielding part 42 includes a baffle 421 and a first connecting plate 422; one end of the baffle 421 is connected to the support part 41, and the other end is connected to the first connecting plate 422; the baffle 421 is located between the battery module 2 and the pressure relief structure 110 to form a shield between the battery module 2 and the pressure relief structure 110, so as to prevent the flame of the battery module 2 from directly hitting the pressure relief structure 110 when the battery pack 1000 thermally runs away.

[0056] Understandably, if the distance between the baffle 421 and the battery module 2 is too large, the baffle 421 will not be able to effectively block the spread of flames and high-temperature gases when the battery module 2 experiences thermal runaway, thereby reducing the protective effect of the shield 42. If the distance between the baffle 421 and the battery module 2 is too small, the baffle 421 will be subjected to excessive pressure under high temperature or flame impact, causing the baffle 421 to deform or break, thus losing its protective function prematurely.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 5In one embodiment of this application, the distance between the baffle 421 and the battery module 2 along the width direction of the battery pack is A, which satisfies: 1mm≤A≤3mm. Under this size constraint, it can be ensured that the baffle 421 and the battery module 2 are at a relatively moderate distance, thereby ensuring that the baffle 421 can prevent and control the flame of the battery module 2 while reducing the possibility of premature failure of the baffle 421.

[0058] If the distance between the baffle 421 and the pressure relief structure 110 is too large, the flame will lose its directionality and controllability during the propagation from the battery module 2 to the pressure relief structure 110. As a result, the baffle 421 will not be able to effectively guide the propagation path of the flame, increasing the possibility that the flame will leak out of the pressure relief structure 110.

[0059] If the distance between the baffle 421 and the pressure relief structure 110 is too small, it will restrict the gas flow at the pressure relief structure 110, thereby affecting the pressure relief capacity of the pressure relief structure 110 and leaving a safety hazard for the pressure relief of the battery pack 1000.

[0060] In one embodiment of this application, the distance between the baffle 421 and the pressure relief structure 110 is B, which satisfies: 10mm≤B≤15mm. Under this size constraint, the pressure relief effect of the pressure relief structure 110 can be taken into account, and the flame can be effectively guided, reducing the possibility of the flame being ejected outward from the pressure relief structure.

[0061] The first connecting plate 422 is used to connect the shielding part 42 to the housing 1, thereby improving the stability of the shielding part 42, reducing the impact of flame impact on the shielding part 42, and reducing the possibility of flames breaking through the shielding part 42 and directly hitting the pressure relief structure 110. At the same time, the setting of the first connecting plate 422 can also realize the structural reuse of the shielding part 42, so that the shielding part 42 can effectively shield the battery module 2 and the pressure relief structure 110, while improving the stability of the mounting bracket 4 in the cell cavity 11, improving the impact resistance of the battery management unit 3 on the mounting bracket 4, and improving the reliability of the battery pack 1000.

[0062] There are several ways to connect the first connecting plate 422 to the housing 1. The first connecting plate 422 can be welded to the housing 1, snapped onto the housing 1, or magnetically connected to the housing 1 via a magnetic structure. This application does not limit the method. In one embodiment of this application, the first connecting plate 422 is provided with a first connecting hole 4221. The battery pack 1000 also includes a first fastener 8, which can pass through the first connecting hole 4221 and extend into the first threaded hole of the housing 1, thereby realizing the connection between the first connecting plate 422 and the housing 1.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 4To reduce the installation difficulty of the first connecting plate 422 and the housing 1, in one embodiment of this application, the baffle 421 is provided with a clearance hole 4211. The clearance hole 4211 is a rectangular or elongated structure extending along the height direction of the battery pack 1000. The clearance hole 4211 is used to provide clearance for the installation of the first fastener 8, thereby leaving space for the installation of the first fastener 8, avoiding the inability of the installation tool to reach the installation position smoothly due to insufficient space, reducing the installation difficulty of the first connecting plate 422 and the housing 1, and improving the installation efficiency of the mounting bracket 4 and the housing 1.

[0064] To secure the battery management unit 3, in one embodiment of this application, the support portion 41 includes a support plate 411 and two limiting plates 412. The support plate 411 serves as the main structure of the support portion 41, supporting the battery management unit 3. Simultaneously, the support plate 411 is positioned between the battery management unit 3 and the battery module 2, thereby preventing direct exposure of the battery management unit 3 to flames generated by the battery module 2 in the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack 1000. This reduces the likelihood of flames spreading from the battery module 2 to the battery control unit, improving the reliability of the battery pack 1000.

[0065] Two limiting plates 412 are spaced apart from the support plate 411 along the width direction of the battery pack 1000; the support plate 411 and the two limiting plates 412 enclose an installation space; the battery management unit 3 is disposed within the installation space. The limiting plates 412 are used to limit the placement of the battery management unit 3 on the support plate 411, thereby ensuring that the battery management unit 3 will not shift or tilt during operation, and improving the impact resistance of the battery management unit 3.

[0066] To improve the stability of the battery management unit 3 on the support 41, in one embodiment of this application, each of the limiting plates 412 includes a first limiting segment 4121 and a second limiting segment 4122. The first limiting segment 4121 is connected to the support plate 411, and the battery management unit 3 is located between the two first limiting segments 4121. In this way, the battery management unit 3 is limited on the support plate 411, thereby improving the impact resistance of the battery management unit 3.

[0067] One end of the second limiting segment 4122 is connected to the end of the first limiting segment 4121 away from the support plate 411, and the other end extends away from the battery management unit 3. The battery management unit 3 is connected to the second limiting segment 4122, and then to the entire support part 41. This improves the stability of the battery management unit 3 in the support part 41, reduces the possibility of the battery management unit 3 falling off the support part 41 after being subjected to external impact, and improves the safety performance of the battery pack 1000.

[0068] There are multiple ways to connect the battery management unit 3 and the second limiting segment 4122. The battery management unit 3 and the second limiting segment 4122 can be connected by welding, by threaded parts, or by snap-fit ​​parts. This application does not limit the connection in this regard.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 In one embodiment of this application, the second limiting segment 4122 has a first surface 41222 and a second surface 41223 disposed opposite to each other along the height direction of the battery pack 1000. The second limiting segment 4122 has a third connecting hole 41221 that penetrates the first surface 41222 and the second surface 41223. A nut 5 is welded to the second surface 41223, and the threaded hole of the nut 5 communicates with the third connecting hole 41221. The battery management unit 3 has a connecting lug 31 that fits against the first surface 41222. The connecting lug 31 has a through hole that communicates with the third connecting hole 41221. The battery pack 1000 also includes a third fastener 10, which can pass through the through hole and the third connecting hole 41221 in one go and extend into the threaded hole welded to the nut 5, thereby completing the connection between the battery management unit 3 and the second limiting segment 4122.

[0070] This embodiment completes the installation of the battery management unit 3 and the second limiting segment 4122 by first welding the nut 5 to the second surface 41223 of the second limiting segment 4122 and then screwing in the third fastener 10. Compared with other methods, this embodiment requires less operating space for the installation tool and does not require additional threaded holes on the battery management unit 3 and the second limiting segment 4122. This effectively reduces the installation space required for the battery management unit 3 and the second limiting segment 4122, reduces the thickness requirement of the battery management unit 3 and the second limiting segment 4122, reduces the installation difficulty of the battery management unit 3 and the second limiting segment 4122, and improves the installation efficiency of the battery management unit 3 and the second limiting segment 4122.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 7 To achieve the connection between the support part 41 and the battery module 2, in one embodiment of this application, the support part 41 further includes a second connecting plate 413. The second connecting plate 413 has a second connecting hole 4131, which communicates with a threaded hole provided on the module bracket 22 of the battery module 2. The battery pack 1000 also includes a second fastener 9, which can extend from the second connecting hole 4131 into the threaded hole of the module bracket 22, thereby completing the connection between the support part 41 and the battery module 2 and improving the stability of the mounting bracket 4 within the cell cavity 11.

[0072] To improve the protection capability of the mounting bracket for the battery management unit, in one embodiment of this application, the mounting bracket is further provided with a fire-retardant coating. The material of the fire-retardant coating can be resin, inorganic silicate, or ceramic, and this application does not limit it.

[0073] The fire-retardant coating serves two purposes: firstly, it blocks the propagation of flames towards the battery management unit, reducing the likelihood of flame damage to the unit in the event of thermal runaway. Secondly, the protective coating also reduces the impact of flame temperature on the battery management unit, slows heat conduction, and ensures stable operation of the unit in high-temperature environments, thereby improving the reliability of the battery pack.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 8 The mounting bracket 4 has a coated area 6 with a fire-retardant coating and an uncoated area 7 without a fire-retardant coating. In some embodiments of this application, the coated area 6 is located on the baffle 421, and the uncoated area 7 is located on the first connecting plate 422. This embodiment coats the baffle 421 with a protective coating on both sides along the length of the battery pack 1000 to block the flames spreading from the battery module 2 to the pressure relief structure 110 in the event of thermal runaway in the battery pack 1000, thereby reducing the possibility of flames spraying outwards from the pressure relief structure 110 and improving the reliability of the battery pack 1000. By eliminating the protective coating on the first connecting plate 422, corrosion of the first fastener 8 by the fire-retardant coating at the first connecting plate 422 is avoided, delaying the torque attenuation of the first fastener 8 and improving the stability of the connection between the first fastener 8 and the first connecting plate 422 and the housing 1.

[0075] In some other embodiments of this application, the coated area 6 is provided on a portion of the support plate 411, the limiting plate 412, and the second connecting plate 413, thereby preventing the flame from affecting the battery management unit 3 in the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack 1000. The uncoated area is provided on the second connecting plate 413 and surrounds the second connecting hole 4131, thereby preventing the protective coating from corroding the second fastener 9 at the second connecting hole 4131, delaying the torque attenuation of the second fastener 9, and improving the stability of the connection between the second fastener 9 and the second connecting plate 413 and the battery module 2.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, The system includes a housing, a battery module, a battery management unit, and a mounting bracket; the housing forms a cell cavity, and the cavity wall of the cell cavity is provided with a pressure relief structure; the battery module is disposed within the cell cavity; the mounting bracket includes: A support portion, which is connected to the battery module, and the battery management unit is located in the support portion; A shielding part is connected to the supporting part and is located between the battery module and the pressure relief structure.

2. The battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the width direction of the battery pack, the projection of the pressure relief structure lies within the projection of the shielding portion.

3. The battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shielding part includes a baffle and a first connecting plate; one end of the baffle is connected to the support part, and the other end is connected to the first connecting plate; the baffle is located between the battery module and the pressure relief structure; The first connecting plate is connected to the housing.

4. The battery pack as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Along the width direction of the battery pack, the distance between the baffle and the battery module is A, and the distance between the baffle and the pressure relief structure is B, satisfying: 1mm≤A≤3mm and / or 10mm≤B≤15mm.

5. The battery pack as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting bracket has a fire-retardant coating that covers the surface of the baffle.

6. The battery pack as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first connecting plate is provided with a first connecting hole, which is used for a first fastener to pass through so that the first connecting plate is connected to the housing; The baffle is provided with a clearance hole, which is used to provide clearance for the installation of the first fastener.

7. The battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support includes a support plate and two limiting plates; the two limiting plates are spaced apart on the support plate along the width direction of the battery pack; the support plate and the two limiting plates enclose an installation space. The battery management unit is located within the installation space.

8. The battery pack as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned limiting plates includes a first limiting segment and a second limiting segment, the first limiting segment being connected to the support plate, and the battery management unit being located between the two first limiting segments; One end of the second limiting segment is connected to the end of the first limiting segment away from the support plate, and the other end extends away from the battery management unit. The battery management unit is connected to the second limiting segment.

9. The battery pack as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The support portion further includes a second connecting plate, which has a second connecting hole for a second fastener (9) to pass through so that the second connecting plate and the battery module are connected. The mounting bracket has a fire-retardant coating; the fire-retardant coating covers the surface of the support plate, the surface of the limiting plate, and part of the surface of the second connecting plate.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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