Solar energy comprehensive utilization system
By integrating solar energy utilization system with concentrated photovoltaic modules and liquid-cooled heat exchange modules, a stable supply of hot water and electricity is achieved when sunlight is insufficient, improving energy utilization efficiency and solving the problem of unstable supply when sunlight is insufficient in existing technologies.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI XIANJIA SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing solar water heating systems and photovoltaic power generation systems have shortcomings in terms of energy utilization and stability. In particular, they cannot efficiently supply hot water and electricity when there is insufficient sunlight, and the heat dissipation problem of concentrated photovoltaic systems has not been effectively utilized.
The system employs a combination of concentrated photovoltaic modules, liquid-cooled heat exchange modules, energy storage modules, energy storage inverters, heat exchangers, hot water tanks, radiometers, and controllers. It improves photoelectric conversion efficiency and recovers waste heat through irradiance monitoring, and provides stable power and heat supply when sunlight is insufficient.
It achieves efficient cogeneration around the clock, improves the overall energy utilization rate, ensures a stable supply of hot water and electricity when sunlight is insufficient, and solves the problems of insufficient energy utilization and unstable supply in traditional systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN224555579U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of clean energy technology, and in particular to a solar energy comprehensive utilization system. Background Technology
[0002] In the current field of solar energy utilization, solar water heating systems and photovoltaic power generation systems are the two core application directions, both of which have significant technical limitations and make it difficult to achieve efficient and comprehensive utilization of energy.
[0003] Among them, solar water heating systems generally use flat-plate or evacuated tube collectors. The heat production efficiency of these collectors depends entirely on natural sunlight conditions. They can meet basic hot water needs when there is sufficient sunlight on sunny days, but in scenarios with insufficient sunlight, such as cloudy or rainy days or at night, they must rely on electric auxiliary heating to maintain hot water supply, which increases energy consumption.
[0004] Regarding photovoltaic power generation systems, existing technologies mostly use ordinary photovoltaic modules, which have low photoelectric conversion efficiency and are greatly affected by fluctuations in sunlight, resulting in insufficient stability. Although concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) technology significantly improves photoelectric conversion efficiency by focusing sunlight, its focusing effect causes photovoltaic cells to quickly accumulate a large amount of heat. If not dissipated in time, this will lead to a decrease in photovoltaic cell efficiency and affect its lifespan. Currently, the industry mostly uses forced air cooling to address this heat dissipation problem, without recovering and utilizing the waste heat generated during the cooling process, resulting in secondary energy waste.
[0005] Therefore, designing a solar energy comprehensive utilization system with high energy efficiency has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content
[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a solar energy comprehensive utilization system to solve the problem of low energy utilization rate in existing solar energy comprehensive utilization systems.
[0007] To achieve one or more of the above objectives, or other objectives, this utility model provides a comprehensive solar energy utilization system, including a concentrating photovoltaic module, a liquid-cooled heat exchange module, an energy storage module, an energy storage inverter, a heat exchanger, a hot water tank, a water heater, a radiometer, and a controller.
[0008] The energy output terminal of the concentrated photovoltaic module is connected to the energy storage inverter via a power cable, and the energy storage inverter is connected to the energy storage module via a power cable. The energy storage inverter supplies power to an external load.
[0009] The liquid-cooled heat exchange module is disposed on the back of the concentrated photovoltaic module, and the liquid-cooled heat exchange module is connected to the heat exchanger through a liquid circulation pipeline;
[0010] One side of the heat exchanger is connected to the liquid circulation pipeline, and the other side is provided with a cold water inlet. The cold water inlet is used to replenish cold water to the heat exchanger. After the cold water is heat-exchanged into hot water in the heat exchanger, it is output through the first hot water pipeline, which connects the heat exchanger and the hot water tank.
[0011] The water heater is connected to the hot water tank via a second hot water pipe, and the water heater is powered by the energy storage inverter.
[0012] The radiometer is used to detect the solar irradiance received by the concentrated photovoltaic module;
[0013] The radiometer, the water heater, and the energy storage inverter are all connected to the controller.
[0014] Furthermore, the hot water in the heat exchanger is circulated between the hot water tank and the heat exchanger via a first hot water pipeline by a hot water circulation pump, or between the hot water tank and the water heater via a second hot water pipeline, and the hot water circulation pump is connected to the controller.
[0015] Furthermore, the hot water tank is equipped with a thermometer and a first liquid level sensor, both of which are connected to the controller.
[0016] Furthermore, the liquid in the liquid circulation pipeline circulates between the liquid-cooled heat exchange module and the heat exchanger via a heat exchanger circulation pump, and the heat exchanger circulation pump is connected to the controller.
[0017] Furthermore, a second liquid level sensor is installed inside the heat exchanger, and the second liquid level sensor is connected to the controller.
[0018] Furthermore, the energy storage inverter and the energy storage module are also connected via a communication cable, and the energy storage inverter receives control signals from the controller to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage module.
[0019] Furthermore, the concentrated photovoltaic module includes a plurality of arrayed solar cells, the liquid-cooled heat exchange module includes a cooling pipe, the cooling pipe is provided with a pipe inlet and a pipe outlet, the pipe outlet and the pipe inlet are connected to the liquid circulation pipeline, and the cooling pipe is arranged below each solar cell of the concentrated photovoltaic module.
[0020] Furthermore, the hot water tank has a double-layer insulation structure, with the inner layer made of stainless steel and the outer layer made of polyurethane foam.
[0021] Furthermore, the radiometer is disposed on one side of the concentrated photovoltaic module, and the detection surface of the radiometer faces the same direction as the surface of the concentrated photovoltaic module.
[0022] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.
[0023] Implementing the embodiments of this utility model will have the following beneficial effects:
[0024] This utility model discloses a comprehensive solar energy utilization system. Based on the irradiance monitoring results of a radiometer, the system is controlled collaboratively by a controller. When irradiance is sufficient, the high concentration characteristics of the concentrating photovoltaic (PV) modules enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and some energy is stored in the energy storage module for later use. Simultaneously, the microchannel water-cooling structure of the liquid-cooled heat exchange module absorbs the waste heat generated during the PV module's power generation process, converting it into hot water which is then stored in an insulated hot water tank. When irradiance is insufficient, the controller immediately draws on the stored electrical energy from the energy storage module to start the water heater, quickly replenishing the hot water supply while ensuring a stable power supply to external loads. This utility model ensures efficient photoelectric conversion and waste heat recovery, and can stably supply hot water and electricity even when sunlight is insufficient, achieving all-weather, high-efficiency combined heat and power (CHP), solving the problems of insufficient energy utilization and unstable supply in traditional solar energy systems. Attached Figure Description
[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0026] in:
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar energy integrated utilization system in one embodiment;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a concentrated photovoltaic module in one embodiment;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid-cooled heat exchange module in one embodiment.
[0030] Explanation of the attached drawing numbers:
[0031] 1: Concentrated photovoltaic module; 11: Fresnel lens array; 12: Base plate; 13: Frame; 14: Solar cell;
[0032] 2: Liquid-cooled heat exchange module; 21: Cooling pipe; 22: Pipe inlet; 23: Pipe outlet;
[0033] 3: Energy storage component; 4: Energy storage inverter; 5: Heat exchanger; 51: Cold water inlet; 52: Second liquid level sensor; 6: Hot water tank; 61: Thermometer; 62: First liquid level sensor; 7: Water heater; 8: Irradiometer; 9: Controller; 121: Hot water circulation pump; 122: Heat exchanger circulation pump;
[0034] 111: Liquid circulation pipeline; 112: First hot water pipeline; 113: Second hot water pipeline. Detailed Implementation
[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.
[0036] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0038] Reference Figure 1 The present invention illustrates a solar energy integrated utilization system, comprising a concentrating photovoltaic module 1, a liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2, an energy storage module 3, an energy storage inverter 4, a heat exchanger 5, a hot water tank 6, a water heater 7, a radiometer 8, and a controller 9.
[0039] The energy output terminal of the concentrated photovoltaic module 1 is connected to the energy storage inverter 4 via a power cable. The energy storage inverter 4 is connected to the energy storage module 3 via a power cable. The energy storage inverter 4 supplies power to an external load.
[0040] The liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 is disposed on the back of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1, and the liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 is connected to the heat exchanger 5 through a liquid circulation pipeline 111.
[0041] One side of the heat exchanger 5 is connected to the liquid circulation pipeline 111, and the other side is provided with a cold water inlet 51. The cold water inlet 51 is used to replenish cold water to the heat exchanger 5. After the cold water is heat exchanged into hot water in the heat exchanger 5, it is output through the first hot water pipeline 112. The first hot water pipeline 112 connects the heat exchanger 5 and the hot water tank 6.
[0042] The water heater 7 is connected to the hot water tank 6 through the second hot water pipe 113, and the water heater 7 is powered by the energy storage inverter 4;
[0043] The radiometer 8 is used to detect the solar irradiance received by the concentrating photovoltaic module 1;
[0044] The irradiator 8, the water heater 7, and the energy storage inverter 4 are all connected to the controller 9.
[0045] In this embodiment, the concentrating photovoltaic module 1 is a high-concentration photovoltaic module to improve photoelectric conversion efficiency. A liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 is provided on the back of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1, wherein the cooling liquid can be water, which flows at high speed in the liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 to quickly remove the heat generated by the concentrating photovoltaic module 1.
[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the concentrated photovoltaic module 1 includes a Fresnel lens array 11 and several arrayed solar cells 14 (the solar cells are in...). Figure 2 (Not shown in the image) Base plate 12 and frame 13, Fresnel lens array 11 and base plate 12 are arranged at intervals relative to each other and are connected by frame 13. Battery array is arranged on base plate 12, and the lenses in Fresnel lens array 11 are arranged one-to-one with the solar cells 14 in battery array. Solar cells 14 can be gallium arsenide cells.
[0047] The liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 includes a cooling pipe 21 with an inlet 22 and an outlet 23. The outlet 22 and the inlet 23 are connected to the liquid circulation pipeline 111. The cooling pipe 21 is located below each solar cell 14 of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1. The inlet 22 is located below the center of one side of the cell array. The cooling pipe 21 splits into two sides. After flowing in from the inlet 22, the coolant first splits into two sides of the cell array, is then transported through the cooling pipe 21 to the area below each solar cell 14, and finally flows out from the outlet 23 located on the outside of the cell array. The cooling pipe 21 in this embodiment is laid out in a way that allows the cooling liquid inside to flow evenly and fully across the area below each solar cell 14. At the same time, the cooling pipe 21 adopts a microchannel structure, which helps to increase the liquid flow velocity inside, accelerate the transfer and dissipation of heat, and thus more efficiently remove the heat generated by the battery when the concentrated photovoltaic module generates electricity, ensuring that the battery operates in a suitable temperature environment, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and lifespan of the concentrated photovoltaic module. Compared with traditional air cooling, the heat dissipation efficiency is greatly improved. Moreover, the waste heat absorbed by the liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 after heat exchange can be carried to the heat exchanger by the coolant for heat exchange, further realizing the recovery and utilization of waste heat and improving the overall energy utilization rate of the entire solar energy integrated utilization system.
[0048] The energy storage component 3 includes an energy storage battery pack and a BMS system. The batteries in the energy storage battery pack can be secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries or nickel-iron batteries, which can support the replenishment of power during cloudy and rainy days. The BMS system is responsible for real-time monitoring, protection and management of the energy storage battery pack.
[0049] The energy storage inverter 4 employs a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) inverter, capable of real-time monitoring of the output voltage and current of the concentrated photovoltaic module 1 and adjusting its operating parameters accordingly. This ensures that the concentrated photovoltaic module 1 always operates near its maximum power point, thereby improving power generation efficiency. The energy storage inverter 4 is also connected to the energy storage module 3 via a communication cable. The energy storage inverter 4 receives control signals from the controller 9 to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage module 3. When the energy storage module 3 has insufficient stored energy, the energy storage inverter 4 controls the energy storage module 3 to absorb energy from the concentrated photovoltaic module 1 for charging; when an external load requires power, it controls the energy storage module 3 to discharge to the external load.
[0050] The heat exchanger 5 adopts a high-efficiency plate heat exchanger, which has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, compact structure, and small footprint. The shell of the heat exchanger 5 has at least five connection ports, of which two connection ports are used to connect to the liquid circulation pipeline 111, one connection port is a cold water inlet 51 for replenishing cold water into the heat exchanger 5, and the other two connection ports are used to connect to the first hot water pipeline 112. During the heat exchange process, the coolant will transfer the heat absorbed from the bottom of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1 to the cold water in the heat exchanger 5, heating the cold water into hot water, which is then transported to the hot water tank 6 through the first hot water pipeline 112.
[0051] Hot water tank 6 adopts a double-layer insulation structure. The inner layer of the tank is made of stainless steel, which has good corrosion resistance; the outer layer of the tank is made of polyurethane foam, which has excellent insulation performance and can effectively reduce heat loss of the hot water inside the tank 6. The outlet pipe of hot water tank 6 is connected to the user's water supply end, and the hot water supply is controlled by controller 9.
[0052] The water heater 7 heats water using electrical energy provided by the energy storage component 3. It is connected to the outlet and inlet of the hot water tank 6 via the second hot water pipe 113, forming a water circulation heating loop. The controller 9 adjusts the start and stop according to actual needs to achieve automatic operation. When the power generation of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1 and waste heat recovery are insufficient, it can start in time to ensure the stability of hot water supply in scenarios with insufficient sunlight, such as cloudy or rainy days.
[0053] The radiometer 8 is used to detect the intensity of solar irradiance. In one specific embodiment, the radiometer 8 is set on one side of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1, and the detection surface of the radiometer 8 faces the same direction as the surface of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1. It can be installed on the tracking mounting bracket of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1 and keep synchronous with the surface orientation of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1.
[0054] In this embodiment of the solar energy integrated utilization system, the connection methods between the components include power cable connection, pipe connection and communication cable connection.
[0055] In the power cable connection line, the positive and negative energy output terminals of the concentrated photovoltaic module 1 are connected to the DC input terminal and DC output terminal of the energy storage inverter 4 via power cables, and then connected to the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage module 3 via power cables. The AC output terminal of the energy storage inverter 4 is connected to the distribution box of the external load via power cables, thereby realizing the power supply to the external load, which includes, for example, heat exchanger circulation pump, hot water circulation pump, water heater, etc.
[0056] In the pipeline connection line, the inlet 22 and outlet 23 of the liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 are respectively connected to the corresponding interfaces of the heat exchanger 5 through the liquid circulation pipeline 111, forming a coolant circulation loop; a cold water inlet 51 is also provided on the side of the heat exchanger 5 for replenishing cold water into the heat exchanger. The hot water in the heat exchanger 5 is connected to the inlet of the hot water tank 6 through the first hot water pipeline 112 to realize cold water heating and hot water delivery. The inlet and outlet of the water heater 7 are respectively connected to the outlet and return outlet of the hot water tank 6 through the second hot water pipeline 113. The power required by the water heater 7 is provided by the energy storage component 3. When the hot water provided by the heat exchanger 5 is insufficient, the water heater 7 is turned on to supplement the hot water.
[0057] In the communication cable connection line, the irradiator 8, water heater 7, and energy storage inverter 4 are respectively connected to the controller 9 through the communication cable, so that the controller 9 can collect signals and send commands to each device.
[0058] In this embodiment of the solar energy utilization system, when there is sunlight during the day, the Fresnel lens of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1 focuses sunlight onto the solar cell 14. After absorbing light energy, the solar cell 14 generates direct current, which is transmitted to the energy storage inverter 4 through a power cable. The energy storage inverter 4 converts the direct current into alternating current, part of which is directly supplied to the external load, and the other part is stored in the energy storage module 3 when the stored power is insufficient.
[0059] When the concentrating photovoltaic module 1 converts solar energy, the solar cell 14 generates heat due to the focusing effect. When the coolant in the liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 flows under the solar cell 14, it absorbs the heat from the solar cell 14 and becomes a high-temperature coolant. Then, it flows into the heat exchanger 5 through the liquid circulation pipe 111. At the same time, the solenoid valve of the cold water inlet 51 is opened, and cold water enters the heat exchanger 5 to exchange heat with the high-temperature coolant. After absorbing heat, the cold water is heated to become hot water. The hot water flows into the hot water tank 6 through the first hot water pipe 112, completing the hot water preparation.
[0060] The radiometer 8 monitors the solar irradiance received by the concentrating photovoltaic module 1 in real time and transmits the data to the controller 9. Based on the irradiance intensity, it determines whether the water heater 7 needs to be activated. If the radiometer 8 detects that the irradiance intensity meets the preset minimum irradiance requirement, the water heater 7 is not activated. The concentrating photovoltaic module 1 receives sunlight and converts it into electrical energy, storing it in the energy storage module 3 or converting it into AC power to supply external loads. The liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 absorbs heat from the solar cells 14 and uses this heat to heat the cold water in the heat exchanger 5, storing the resulting hot water in the hot water tank 6 for later use. If the radiometer 8 detects that the irradiance intensity does not meet the preset minimum irradiance requirement (e.g., below 200W / ㎡ on a cloudy day), the controller 9 determines that the power generation of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1 is insufficient and sends a command to the energy storage inverter 4, which uses the electrical energy from the energy storage module 3 to power the water heater 7 and other external loads.
[0061] The solar energy integrated utilization system of this embodiment, through the above-described connection method, uses the irradiance monitoring results from the radiometer 8 and the controller 9 to coordinate the entire solar energy integrated utilization system. When the irradiance is sufficient, on the one hand, the high-concentration characteristics of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1 improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and some energy is stored in the energy storage module 3 for later use. On the other hand, the microchannel water-cooling structure of the liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 absorbs the waste heat generated during the power generation process of the concentrating photovoltaic module 1, and converts the waste heat into hot water through the heat exchanger 5, which is then stored in the insulated hot water tank 6. When the irradiance is insufficient, the controller 9 immediately calls the stored electrical energy of the energy storage module 3 to start the water heater 7, quickly replenishing the hot water supply, while ensuring a stable power supply to external loads. This embodiment ensures efficient photoelectric conversion and waste heat recovery, and can stably supply hot water and electricity when sunlight is insufficient, achieving all-weather, high-efficiency combined heat and power, solving the problems of insufficient energy utilization and unstable supply in traditional solar energy systems.
[0062] In one specific embodiment, the hot water in the heat exchanger 5 circulates between the hot water tank 6 and the heat exchanger 5 via a first hot water pipe 112, or between the hot water tank 6 and the water heater 7 via a second hot water pipe 113, through a hot water circulation pump 121. The hot water circulation pump 121 is connected to the controller 9. The hot water circulation pump 121 can be a variable frequency speed control pump, connected to the first hot water pipe 112 and the second hot water pipe 113. The control signal line of the hot water circulation pump 121 is connected to the controller 9, and the flow rate can be adjusted and the hot water circulation path can be switched under the command of the controller 9.
[0063] The hot water tank 6 is equipped with a thermometer 61 and a first liquid level sensor 62, both of which are connected to the controller 9.
[0064] When the irradiance is sufficient as detected by the irradiance meter 8, the controller 9 dynamically adjusts the operation of the hot water circulation pump 121 based on the real-time data from the thermometer 61 inside the hot water tank 6: when the water temperature inside the hot water tank 6 is lower than the preset heating threshold (e.g., 50°C), the controller 9 instructs the hot water circulation pump 10 to operate in high-speed mode, driving the hot water in the heat exchanger 5 to flow rapidly into the hot water tank 6 through the first hot water pipe 112, while simultaneously pumping the low-temperature water in the hot water tank 6 back to the heat exchanger 5 for reheating, thus rapidly raising the water temperature inside the hot water tank; when the water temperature reaches the preset upper limit (e.g., 60°C), the controller 9 controls the hot water circulation pump 121 to switch to normal speed heat preservation mode, maintaining normal water circulation in the first hot water pipe 112 to ensure the uniformity of the water temperature inside the hot water tank 6.
[0065] When the irradiance is insufficient, and the water temperature in the hot water tank 6 is lower than the usage threshold (e.g., 40°C) as detected by the irradiance meter 8, the controller 9 commands the second hot water pipe 113 to open. The hot water circulation pump 121 starts and automatically adjusts its speed according to the water temperature difference, driving the water in the hot water tank 6 to flow to the water heater 7 through the second hot water pipe 113. After being heated, the water flows back to the hot water tank 6, so that the hot water is quickly replenished.
[0066] In addition, the hot water circulation pump 121 is also linked with the first liquid level sensor 62. When the first liquid level sensor 62 detects that the water level is lower than the safety threshold, the controller 9 instructs the hot water circulation pump 121 to replenish water from the heat exchanger 5 to prevent dry burning and damage.
[0067] In one specific embodiment, the liquid in the liquid circulation pipeline 111 circulates between the liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 and the heat exchanger 5 via a heat exchanger circulation pump 122, which is connected to the controller 9. A second liquid level sensor 52 is installed inside the heat exchanger 5 and is also connected to the controller 9. The heat exchanger circulation pump 122 is a centrifugal water pump, and its control terminal is connected to the controller 9 via a communication cable, supporting dynamic adjustment of its speed according to real-time operating conditions.
[0068] During system operation, the start-up, shutdown, and speed regulation of the heat exchanger circulation pump 122 are controlled by the controller 9 based on the irradiance intensity data of the radiometer 8. When the irradiance intensity is high, the controller 9 instructs the heat exchanger circulation pump 122 to run at a medium-high speed, driving the coolant in the liquid circulation pipeline 111 to flow rapidly through the microchannel cooling pipeline 21 of the liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2. For example, the coolant absorbs the heat generated by the solar cell 14 at a flow rate of 1-3 L / min in the channel, and then carries the heat into the heat exchanger 5 to exchange heat with the cold water on the other side of the heat exchanger 5. After the coolant releases the heat, it is then pumped back to the liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 by the heat exchanger circulation pump 122.
[0069] When the irradiation intensity is low, the controller 9 determines that high-intensity heat dissipation is not required and instructs the heat exchanger circulation pump 122 to switch to low-speed mode to maintain a small amount of coolant flowing slowly in the pipeline; if the irradiation intensity approaches 0 (such as at night), the heat exchanger circulation pump 122 is stopped directly, and only the necessary monitoring functions are retained.
[0070] The second liquid level sensor 52 is used to monitor the liquid level on the cold water side of the heat exchanger 5 in real time. When the second liquid level sensor 52 detects that the liquid level is lower than the preset safety threshold (e.g., 10cm from the bottom), it immediately sends a low liquid level signal to the controller 9. The controller 9 instructs the solenoid valve of the cold water inlet 51 of the heat exchanger 5 to open, replenishing the heat exchanger with cold water until the liquid level rises back to the safe range.
[0071] This utility model's solar energy integrated utilization system operates under the real-time irradiance monitoring data of the radiometer 8, and is controlled by the controller 9. When sunlight is abundant, the concentrating photovoltaic module 1 focuses sunlight to generate electricity. The generated direct current is converted into alternating current by the energy storage inverter 4. Part of this electricity is directly supplied to the external load, while excess energy is stored in the energy storage module 3. Simultaneously, the microchannel cooling pipes 21 of the liquid-cooled heat exchange module 2 absorb the waste heat generated by the solar cells 14. The heat exchanger circulation pump 122 drives the coolant to send the heat to the heat exchanger 5, where it exchanges heat with cold water to generate hot water. The hot water circulation pump 121 then delivers the hot water to the insulated hot water tank 6. The controller 9 also adjusts the pump speed according to the hot water tank temperature to balance heating efficiency and energy consumption. When sunlight is insufficient, the controller 9 immediately utilizes the stored energy of the energy storage module 3 to ensure power supply to the load. If the hot water tank temperature is low, the hot water circulation path is switched, and the water heater 7, powered by the energy storage, is activated to ensure a stable hot water supply. This utility model's solar energy integrated utilization system has a high energy utilization rate and a stable and reliable heat and power supply throughout the day.
[0072] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this utility model, but do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. This utility model can be implemented in many different forms; rather, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this utility model specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A solar energy comprehensive utilization system, characterized in that, This includes concentrated photovoltaic modules, liquid-cooled heat exchange modules, energy storage components, energy storage inverters, heat exchangers, hot water tanks, water heaters, radiometers, and controllers. The energy output terminal of the concentrated photovoltaic module is connected to the energy storage inverter via a power cable, and the energy storage inverter is connected to the energy storage module via a power cable. The energy storage inverter supplies power to an external load. The liquid-cooled heat exchange module is disposed on the back of the concentrated photovoltaic module, and the liquid-cooled heat exchange module is connected to the heat exchanger through a liquid circulation pipeline; One side of the heat exchanger is connected to the liquid circulation pipeline, and the other side is provided with a cold water inlet. The cold water inlet is used to replenish cold water to the heat exchanger. After the cold water is heat-exchanged into hot water in the heat exchanger, it is output through the first hot water pipeline, which connects the heat exchanger and the hot water tank. The water heater is connected to the hot water tank via a second hot water pipe, and the water heater is powered by the energy storage inverter. The radiometer is used to detect the solar irradiance received by the concentrated photovoltaic module; The radiometer, the water heater, and the energy storage inverter are all connected to the controller.
2. The solar energy comprehensive utilization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hot water in the heat exchanger circulates between the hot water tank and the heat exchanger via a first hot water pipeline through a hot water circulation pump, or between the hot water tank and the water heater via a second hot water pipeline. The hot water circulation pump is connected to the controller.
3. The solar energy comprehensive utilization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hot water tank is equipped with a thermometer and a first liquid level sensor, both of which are connected to the controller.
4. The solar energy comprehensive utilization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid in the liquid circulation pipeline circulates between the liquid-cooled heat exchange module and the heat exchanger via a heat exchanger circulation pump, and the heat exchanger circulation pump is connected to the controller.
5. The solar energy comprehensive utilization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A second liquid level sensor is installed inside the heat exchanger, and the second liquid level sensor is connected to the controller.
6. The solar energy comprehensive utilization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage inverter and the energy storage module are also connected via a communication cable. The energy storage inverter receives control signals from the controller to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage module.
7. The solar energy comprehensive utilization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The concentrated photovoltaic module includes several arrayed solar cells, and the liquid-cooled heat exchange module includes cooling pipes with inlets and outlets. The inlets and outlets are connected to the liquid circulation pipeline, and the cooling pipes are arranged below each solar cell of the concentrated photovoltaic module.
8. The solar energy comprehensive utilization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hot water tank has a double-layer insulation structure, with the inner layer made of stainless steel and the outer layer made of polyurethane foam.
9. The solar energy comprehensive utilization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The radiometer is disposed on one side of the concentrated photovoltaic module, and the detection surface of the radiometer faces the same direction as the surface of the concentrated photovoltaic module.
10. The solar energy comprehensive utilization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.