Automatic pistachio nut shelling machine

Abstract

This utility model discloses an automatic pistachio shelling machine, comprising a shelling device and a lifting device. The shelling device includes a rotatable moving grinding disc, with a stationary grinding disc sleeved around it. Both the inner surface of the stationary grinding disc and the outer surface of the moving grinding disc are fitted with toothed plates. The enclosed space formed by the two toothed plates is an annular shelling area, which is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The lifting device drives the stationary grinding disc to move up and down. When shelling pistachios, pistachios of one size range are placed into the shelling area until they are blocked by the narrower area at the bottom. Then, the moving grinding disc rotates relative to the stationary grinding disc, shelling the pistachios within the area. Smaller kernels and shells fall through the narrow opening at the bottom of the shelling area. When shelling pistachios of another size range is required, the lifting device drives the stationary grinding disc to move up and down, adjusting the minimum gap between the two toothed plates in the shelling area. This allows a single machine to shell materials of multiple size ranges, improving the machine's versatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nut shelling technology, and in particular to an automatic pistachio shelling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Pistachios are perennial deciduous fruit trees belonging to the genus *Pistacia* in the family Anacardiaceae. Their fruits are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, and are characterized by low fat, low calories, and high fiber, making them a popular health and snack food in the nut market. In recent years, they have become the world's fifth largest nut crop. Pistachios can adapt to harsh growing conditions, exhibiting drought resistance, heat resistance, and tolerance to saline-alkali soils, making them suitable for large-scale cultivation in arid regions and hilly slopes.

[0003] Pistachios require shelling during processing to separate the shell from the kernel. However, the raw pistachios vary greatly in size, necessitating batch shelling in different size ranges. After shelling, the kernels and shells fall through the gap between two shelling plates to the discharge port. However, since the gap between the plates is fixed in each shelling machine, a single machine cannot handle pistachios of different sizes, resulting in poor equipment adaptability. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides an automatic pistachio shelling machine, which can solve the problem mentioned in the background art that a single shelling machine is difficult to shell pistachios of different sizes and the equipment has poor applicability.

[0005] An automatic pistachio shelling machine includes: a shelling device, the shelling device including a rotatable moving grinding disc, a stationary grinding disc sleeved on the outside of the moving grinding disc, toothed plates installed on the inner surface of the stationary grinding disc and the outer surface of the moving grinding disc, the enclosed space formed by the two toothed plates is an annular shelling area, the shelling area is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom; It also includes a lifting device, which is used to drive the stationary grinding disc to rise and fall.

[0006] Preferably, the lifting device includes a worm gear jack, the lifting end of which is connected to a plurality of support beams, and one end of each support beam is connected to a support rod.

[0007] Preferably, a sliding plate is fixedly installed on the top of the moving grinding disc, and the sliding plate is a conical plate.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a drive device, the drive device including a geared motor, a first sprocket fixedly mounted on the output end of the geared motor, a second sprocket connected to the first sprocket via chain drive, a central shaft fixedly mounted at the center of the second sprocket, and the central shaft fixedly connected to the moving grinding disc.

[0009] Preferably, the outer surface of the sliding plate is provided with a plurality of material baffles.

[0010] Preferably, the material receiving plate is provided on the outside of the material sliding plate, and the material receiving plate has multiple material discharge ports.

[0011] Preferably, a baffle plate is fixed to the outer surface of the receiving plate by bolts, and the baffle plate is located at the discharge port.

[0012] Preferably, the stationary grinding disc has a discharge trough, and a guide plate is fixedly installed on the stationary grinding disc. The guide plate has a fixing part, and the fixing part is fixedly installed in the discharge trough.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing part is connected to the pushing part, the pushing part is bent in the radial direction of the stationary grinding disc, the pushing part is connected to the blocking part, and the blocking part is disposed above the stationary grinding disc.

[0014] Preferably, a receiving hopper is provided below the shelling device, the receiving hopper is provided with a discharge port, and a rotatable scraper is provided inside the receiving hopper.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: In this automatic pistachio shelling machine, the toothed plates on the inner surface of the stationary grinding disc and the outer surface of the moving grinding disc form a ring-shaped shelling zone. Therefore, when shelling pistachios is needed, pistachios of a certain size range can be placed into the shelling zone until they are blocked by the narrower area at the bottom. Then, the moving grinding disc can rotate relative to the stationary grinding disc, thus shelling the pistachios of that size range within the shelling zone. After shelling, smaller kernels and shells fall through the narrow opening at the bottom of the shelling zone. When shelling pistachios of a different size range is needed, the stationary grinding disc can be raised or lowered relative to the moving grinding disc using a lifting device to adjust the minimum gap between the two toothed plates in the shelling zone, i.e., adjusting the size of the narrow opening at the bottom of the shelling zone. This allows a single shelling machine to shell pistachios of multiple size ranges, improving the equipment's versatility. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic pistachio shelling machine provided by this utility model; Figure 2 This utility model provides an internal structural diagram of an automatic pistachio shelling machine. Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an automatic pistachio shelling machine provided by this utility model; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 3Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the shelling device; Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the shelling device; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle guide plate.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Machine body; 11. Frame; 12. Wall panel; 13. Top cover; 14. Feed inlet; 2. Lifting device; 21. Servo motor; 22. Worm gear lift; 23. Support beam; 24. Support rod; 3. Drive device; 31. Gear motor; 32. First sprocket; 33. Second sprocket; 34. Central shaft; 4. Peeling device; 41. Moving grinding disc; 42. Stationary grinding disc; 421. Discharge chute; 43. Peeling area; 44. Sliding plate; 45. Material baffle; 46. Receiving enclosure; 461. Discharge port; 47. Baffle plate; 48. Mounting hole; 49. Guide plate; 491. Fixing part; 492. Pushing part; 493. Shielding part; 5. Isolation cover; 6. Receiving hopper; 61. Discharge port; 7. Scraper; 8. Mounting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model proposes an automatic pistachio shelling machine, including a machine body 1. The machine body 1 includes a frame 11 and a wall panel 12. A top cover 13 is provided on the top of the frame 11. The top cover 13 has a feed inlet 14. Pistachio raw materials, as materials to be processed, can be fed into the machine body 1 through the feed inlet 14.

[0020] like Figures 2-3 As shown, a shelling device 4 is provided inside the machine body 1, and the number of shelling devices 4 is set based on the material processing scale. In this embodiment, two shelling devices 4 are provided, and the two shelling devices 4 are arranged in the vertical direction.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 5As shown, the shelling device 4 includes a rotatable moving grinding disc 41, with a stationary grinding disc 42 sleeved around the moving grinding disc 41. A mounting plate 8 is fixedly installed on the stationary grinding disc 42 and can slide up and down along the frame 11. Toothed plates are installed on both the inner surface of the stationary grinding disc 42 and the outer surface of the moving grinding disc 41. The toothed plate installed on the inner surface of the stationary grinding disc 42 is the first toothed plate, and the toothed plate installed on the outer surface of the moving grinding disc 41 is the second toothed plate. The toothed side of the first toothed plate and the toothed side of the second toothed plate are positioned opposite each other, so that both sides of the pistachio material are subjected to toothed compression and friction. The enclosed space formed by the two toothed plates is an annular shelling zone 43. Since the stationary grinding disc 42 has a circular structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, the inner wall of the stationary grinding disc 42 is inclined, so that the stationary grinding disc 42 is converging from top to bottom. That is, the lower end of the first toothed plate installed on the inner surface of the stationary grinding disc 42 is inclined towards the moving grinding disc 41. Therefore, the annular peeling area 43 between the first toothed plate and the second toothed plate is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, which facilitates the entry of materials into the peeling area 43.

[0022] like Figure 6 As shown, a sliding plate 44 is fixedly installed on the top of the moving grinding disc 41, so that the moving grinding disc 41 can drive the sliding plate 44 to rotate synchronously when it rotates.

[0023] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the frame 11 is also connected to a drive device 3, which includes a geared motor 31. A first sprocket 32 ​​is fixedly mounted on the output end of the geared motor 31. The first sprocket 32 ​​is connected to a second sprocket 33 via a chain (not shown in the figure). A central shaft 34 is fixedly mounted at the center of the second sprocket 33 and is fixedly connected to the moving grinding disc 41. The moving grinding disc 41 consists of an annular plate and a support. The central shaft 34 passes through the center of the support and is fixedly connected to the support. The geared motor 31 drives the central shaft 34 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the moving grinding disc 41 and the sliding plate 44.

[0024] Among them, such as Figures 5-7 As shown, the sliding plate 44 is a conical plate, allowing the pistachio material to move downwards along the inclined surface of the sliding plate 44 after falling from the feed inlet 14. Several material baffles 45 are provided on the inclined surface of the outer surface of the sliding plate 44. Adjusting the height of the material baffles 45 can control the speed at which the material enters the shelling zone 43, facilitating adjustment of the material feeding speed according to production needs. A receiving enclosure 46 is also provided on the outside of the sliding plate 44, fixed to the frame 11 by a fixing rod, and has multiple discharge ports 461. When the rotating grinding disc 41 rotates, the material baffles 45 on the sliding plate 44 drive the material to rotate. During rotation, the material moves downwards to the discharge ports 461 of the receiving enclosure 46, dispersing the material and preventing accumulation.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 8As shown, a baffle plate 47 is fixed to the outer surface of the receiving plate 46 by bolts. The baffle plate 47 is set at the discharge port 461, and each discharge port 461 corresponds to a baffle plate 47. The baffle plate 47 has an elongated mounting hole 48. When adjusting the opening of the discharge port 461, loosen the bolts, move the baffle plate 47 vertically, adjust the relative position between the mounting hole 48 and the bolts until the opening of the discharge port 461 is adjusted to the required opening, and then tighten the bolts. This allows the operator to adjust the discharge rate per unit time based on the total material quantity.

[0026] In this embodiment, pistachio material is fed into the feed inlet 14 and slides downwards on the sliding plate 44 until it flows out from the discharge port 461, where it falls into the shelling zone 43. Due to the rotation of the moving grinding disc 41, the toothed plates on the moving grinding disc 41 and the toothed plates on the stationary grinding disc 42 rotate relative to each other. At this time, the material in the shelling zone 43 is squeezed and kneaded by the meshing teeth of the two toothed plates, achieving rapid and continuous feeding and shelling, effectively improving shelling efficiency. Because the shelling zone 43 is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, smaller materials fall to the lower section of the shelling zone 43 under gravity for shelling, while larger materials are shelled in the upper section. This allows for the simultaneous shelling of materials with similar sizes (i.e., pistachio materials within the same size range), improving the adaptability of the pistachio material to the shelling equipment, reducing kernel damage when shelling larger materials, and preventing smaller materials from being shelled completely, thereby increasing the whole kernel yield.

[0027] In addition, such as Figures 7-9 As shown, the stationary grinding disc 42 has multiple discharge troughs 421. A guide plate 49 is fixedly installed on the stationary grinding disc 42, and the guide plate 49 has a fixing part 491, which is fixedly installed inside the discharge trough 421. The fixing part 491 is connected to a pushing part 492, which bends radially towards the stationary grinding disc 42 to facilitate pushing the material in the shelling area 43 to the adjacent discharge trough 421 when the moving grinding disc 41 rotates. When the moving grinding disc 41 rotates, it drives the guide plate 49 to rotate. The shells and kernels formed after shelling move under the action of the pushing part 492 until they reach the discharge trough 421. The shells and kernels slide down from the discharge trough 421 and enter the subsequent screening process. The pushing part 492 is connected to the blocking part 493. The blocking part 493 is located above the stationary grinding disc 42 and is correspondingly located outside the discharge port 461 to prevent the material flowing out of the discharge port 461 from being ejected outward due to impact.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, a lifting device 2 is connected to the frame 11, which drives the stationary grinding disc 42 to rise and fall. The lifting device 2 includes a servo motor 21, which is fixedly mounted on the frame 11. The output end of the servo motor 21 is connected to a worm gear jack 22, and the lifting end of the worm gear jack 22 is connected to multiple support beams 23. One end of each support beam 23 is connected to a support rod 24, which is connected to the stationary grinding disc 42 via a mounting plate 8.

[0029] In this embodiment, the servo motor 21 drives the lifting end of the worm gear jack 22 to move up and down, thereby raising and lowering the stationary grinding disc 42. The operator can adjust the height of the stationary grinding disc 42 based on the size range of the pistachios, causing relative displacement between the stationary grinding disc 42 and the moving grinding disc 41. This adjusts the minimum gap of the peeling zone 43 between the stationary and moving grinding discs 42 and 41, allowing for the peeling of materials in multiple size ranges. This enables a single peeling machine to peel pistachios in multiple size ranges, improving the equipment's applicability. For example, after peeling materials with a diameter of 2cm-2.5cm, if it is necessary to peel materials with a diameter of 1.5cm-2cm, the stationary grinding disc 42 is moved upwards, adjusting the minimum distance between the two toothed plates from 2cm to 1.5cm.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, a receiving hopper 6 is also provided below the shelling device 4, and the receiving hopper 6 is rotatably connected to the central shaft 34 via bearings. The receiving hopper 6 is provided with a discharge port 61, which extends out of the machine body 1 through the wall plate 12. A rotatable scraper 7 is provided inside the receiving hopper 6, and the scraper 7 is mounted on the central shaft 34 via a U-shaped screw. The material shelled by the shelling device 4 slides down into the receiving hopper 6, and the scraper 7, driven by the central shaft 34, scrapes the shelled kernels and shells out to the discharge port 61.

[0031] Understandably, an isolation cover 5 is installed between the upper shelling device 4 and the lower shelling device 4. The middle section of the isolation cover 5 is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, which facilitates the diversion of kernels and shells falling from the upper shelling device 4 into the receiving hopper 6, preventing them from falling into the lower shelling device 4 for secondary crushing. The upper sliding plate 44 also has openings, allowing a portion of the material fed into the inlet 14 to pass through the upper sliding plate 44 and fall directly into the lower sliding plate 44, facilitating simultaneous shelling by both the upper and lower shelling devices 4, thereby improving shelling efficiency.

[0032] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the central shaft 34 is also rotatably connected to a crossbeam via a bearing. The crossbeam is positioned between the upper shelling device 4 and the lower shelling device 4 to support and reinforce the central shaft 34. A matching protective cover is provided on the crossbeam to prevent falling materials from remaining on the crossbeam.

[0033] Working principle: Pistachio material is fed into the feed inlet 14. The pistachio material slides down the sliding plate 44 until it flows out from the discharge port 461. The flowing material falls into the shelling zone 43. As the moving grinding disc 41 rotates, the toothed plates on the moving grinding disc 41 rotate relative to the toothed plates on the stationary grinding disc 42. At this time, the material in the shelling zone 43 is squeezed and kneaded by the meshing teeth of the two toothed plates, thus achieving shelling. The kernels and shells fall from the shelling zone 43 into the receiving hopper 6. The scraper 7 drives the central shaft 34 to scrape the shelled kernels and shells out to the discharge port 61. Operators can adjust the height of the stationary grinding disc 42 based on pistachio materials of different size ranges. The servo motor 21 drives the lifting end of the worm gear lift 22 to move up and down, thereby driving the stationary grinding disc 42 to rise and fall, so that the stationary grinding disc 42 and the moving grinding disc 41 have relative displacement, thereby adjusting the minimum gap between the stationary grinding disc 42 and the moving grinding disc 41 to switch between peeling materials of various size ranges.

[0034] The above-disclosed embodiments are only a few specific examples of the present utility model. However, the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic pistachio shelling machine characterized in that, include: The shelling device (4) includes a rotatable moving grinding disc (41), and a stationary grinding disc (42) is sleeved on the outside of the moving grinding disc (41). Both the inner surface of the stationary grinding disc (42) and the outer surface of the moving grinding disc (41) are equipped with toothed plates. The enclosed space formed by the two toothed plates is an annular shelling area (43), which is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. It also includes a lifting device (2), which is used to drive the static grinding disc (42) to rise and fall.

2. The automatic pistachio shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting device (2) includes a worm gear lift (22), the lifting end of which is connected to multiple support beams (23), and one end of the support beams (23) is connected to a support rod (24).

3. The automatic pistachio shelling machine according to claim 1, wherein A sliding plate (44) is fixedly installed on the top of the moving grinding disc (41), and the sliding plate (44) is a conical plate.

4. The automatic pistachio shelling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a drive device (3), which includes a geared motor (31). A first sprocket (32) is fixedly installed at the output end of the geared motor (31). The first sprocket (32) is connected to a second sprocket (33) via chain drive. A central shaft (34) is fixedly installed at the center of the second sprocket (33). The central shaft (34) is fixedly connected to the moving grinding disc (41).

5. The automatic pistachio shelling machine according to claim 3, wherein, The outer surface of the sliding plate (44) is provided with several material baffles (45).

6. The automatic pistachio shelling machine according to claim 3, wherein, The material receiving plate (46) is provided with a material receiving enclosure (46) on the outside of the material receiving plate (44), and the material receiving enclosure (46) has multiple material discharge ports (461).

7. The automatic pistachio shelling machine according to claim 6, wherein The outer surface of the receiving plate (46) is fixed with a baffle plate (47) by bolts, and the baffle plate (47) is located at the discharge port (461).

8. The automatic pistachio shelling machine according to claim 1, wherein, The stationary grinding disc (42) has a discharge groove (421), and a guide plate (49) is fixedly installed on the stationary grinding disc (42). The guide plate (49) has a fixing part (491), and the fixing part (491) is fixedly installed in the discharge groove (421).

9. The automatic pistachio shelling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fixing part (491) is connected to the pushing part (492), the pushing part (492) bends in the radial direction of the stationary grinding disc (42), the pushing part (492) is connected to the shielding part (493), and the shielding part (493) is disposed above the stationary grinding disc (42).

10. The automatic pistachio shelling machine according to claim 1, wherein, The shelling device (4) is provided with a receiving hopper (6) below it, the receiving hopper (6) is provided with a discharge port (61), and a rotatable scraper (7) is provided inside the receiving hopper (6).

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