A breakwater for port and channel engineering

Abstract

A breakwater for port channel engineering, comprising: a riprap base bed arranged on the seabed; a superimposed block arranged on the upper part of the riprap base bed, a plurality of superimposed blocks being stacked up and down; a wave absorbing box arranged above the topmost superimposed block, the front end of the wave absorbing box being an inflow grille; a wave absorbing assembly arranged inside the wave absorbing box, the wave absorbing assembly comprising a wave absorbing ridge and a backflow plate; a flow guiding assembly arranged behind the wave absorbing assembly; a buffer slope arranged in front of the wave absorbing box; and a flow dividing plate arranged above the buffer slope, the flow dividing plate being connected to the buffer slope by a rope. The device makes the water waves entering the wave absorbing box multiple energy dissipation and wave breaking through the energy dissipation of the wave absorbing ridge, the energy dissipation of the U-shaped groove and the energy conversion of the flow guiding wheel, so that the water flow behind the outflow grille remains calm; the buffer slope and the flow dividing plate preliminarily weaken the water waves, reducing the probability of damage to the internal components of the wave absorbing box and improving the practical life of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waterway engineering technology, and more specifically, to a breakwater for port and waterway engineering. Background Technology

[0002] A breakwater is a hydraulic structure that forms a sheltered area to protect against wave intrusion. Located on the outer perimeter of a port, it also protects against drifting sand and ice floes, ensuring sufficient water depth and a stable surface within the port to meet the requirements for ships to berth, load and unload, and navigate.

[0003] The existing breakwater encloses the port, allowing only entrances and exits, which obstructs the flow of water inside and outside the port, affecting water quality and fish farming. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings mentioned above, this utility model aims to provide a breakwater for port and waterway engineering that can dissipate waves in multiple ways when water is flowing through it.

[0005] A breakwater for port and waterway engineering includes: a riprap foundation on the seabed; multiple stacked blocks on the upper part of the riprap foundation; a wave-dissipating box above the topmost stacked block, the front end of the wave-dissipating box being an inlet grille; a wave-dissipating assembly inside the wave-dissipating box, the wave-dissipating assembly including wave-dissipating ridges and return plates; a flow-guiding assembly behind the wave-dissipating assembly; a buffer slope in front of the wave-dissipating box; and a flow-diverting plate above the buffer slope, the flow-diverting plate being connected to the buffer slope by ropes.

[0006] Furthermore, the composite block is made of concrete, the bottom of the composite block has a groove, the top of the composite block has a protrusion, and the protrusion of the lower composite block can be inserted into the groove of the upper composite block.

[0007] Furthermore, the rear end of the washout box is an outflow grille, the holes of the inflow grille face the gap between the holes of the outflow grille, and the tops of the inflow grille and the outflow grille are on the same plane.

[0008] Furthermore, the top of the washout box is detachably connected to a top cover, and both the inlet grille and the outlet grille are provided with connecting grooves at the top. The bottom of the top cover is provided with an insert block, which can be inserted into the connecting groove.

[0009] Furthermore, an extension plate is provided on the rear side of the inlet grille, and a plurality of wave-damping ridges are provided on the upper part of the extension plate, the height of the wave-damping ridges being the same as the height of the holes in the inlet grille.

[0010] Furthermore, the return plate is disposed above the wave-damping ridge, and the end of the return plate is a U-shaped groove, which is located behind the wave-damping ridge.

[0011] Furthermore, the flow guiding assembly includes a support rod and a flow guiding wheel. The flow guiding wheel is located behind the U-shaped groove. The support rod has an annular groove recessed inside, and the flow guiding wheel is rotatably connected to the annular groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the annular array on the sidewall of the guide wheel has multiple Y-shaped plates.

[0013] Furthermore, the buffer slope is located above the support pile, the bottom of the support pile is anchored to the seabed, and the highest point of the buffer slope contacts the bottom of the inflow grid.

[0014] Furthermore, a number of floating barrels are rotatably connected to the diversion plate, and there are gaps between adjacent floating barrels.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] ①This device uses the energy dissipation of the wave-dissipating ridge, the energy dissipation of the U-shaped trough, and the energy conversion of the guide wheel to dissipate the water waves entering the wave-dissipating box in multiple ways, so that the water flow behind the outflow grid remains calm.

[0017] ② The buffer slope and diversion plate initially weaken the water waves, reducing the probability of damage to the internal components of the wave-damping box and improving the service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a breakwater used in port and waterway engineering.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a composite block used in breakwaters for port and waterway engineering.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of a breakwater box used in port and waterway engineering.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Pile bed; 2. Composite block; 21. Groove; 22. Protrusion; 3. Wave damper; 31. Inlet grid; 311. Extension plate; 32. Outlet grid; 33. Top cover; 331. Insert block; 34. Connecting groove; 4. Wave damping assembly; 41. Wave damping ridge; 42. Return plate; 421. U-shaped trough; 5. Flow guiding assembly; 51. Support rod; 511. Annular chute; 52. Flow guide wheel; 521. Y-shaped plate; 6. Buffer slope; 61. Support pile; 7. Diverter plate; 71. Floating bucket. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a breakwater for port and waterway engineering includes: a riprap foundation 1 on the seabed; multiple stacked blocks 2 on top of the riprap foundation 1; a wave-damping box 3 above the topmost stacked block 2, with an inlet grille 31 at the front end of the wave-damping box 3; a wave-damping assembly 4 inside the wave-damping box 3, the wave-damping assembly 4 including a wave-damping ridge 41 and a return flow plate 42; a flow guide assembly 5 behind the wave-damping assembly 4; a buffer slope 6 in front of the wave-damping box 3; and a flow divider 7 above the buffer slope 6, the flow divider 7 being connected to the buffer slope 6 by ropes.

[0025] The construction of the riprap foundation 1 involves transporting stones to the breakwater construction site by transport ships, dumping them into the water, and then using a heavy hammer to compact them to increase their density. The specific method can be found in existing technologies.

[0026] The composite block 2 is made of concrete, prefabricated on the shore, and then installed on the riprap foundation 1. Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the composite block 2 has a groove 21, and the top of the composite block 2 has a protrusion 22. The protrusion 22 of the lower composite block 2 can be inserted into the groove 21 of the upper composite block 2. The cooperation between the groove 21 and the protrusion 22 allows the composite blocks 2 to be accurately positioned when stacked. The composite block 2 in contact with the rubble bed 1 does not have a groove 21 and is directly installed above the rubble bed 1. The concrete has a large self-weight and can withstand the impact of sea waves.

[0027] like Figure 3As shown, the rear end of the wave-damping box 3 is an outflow grille 32. Both the inflow grille 31 and the outflow grille 32 are made of concrete. Both the inflow grille 31 and the outflow grille 32 are located on a base, which is installed above the uppermost stacked block 2. The holes of the inflow grille 31 face the gaps between the holes of the outflow grille 32. Water waves entering through the holes of the inflow grille 31 are blocked by the gaps between the holes of the outflow grille 32 when flowing out, thereby reducing water waves. The tops of the inflow grille 31 and the outflow grille 32 are on the same plane.

[0028] The top of the breakwater 3 is detachably connected to a top cover 33, which is made of steel plate and is galvanized to prevent it from rusting quickly. The top of the inlet grille 31 and the outlet grille 32 are both provided with connecting grooves 34, which are recessed downwards. The bottom of the top cover 33 is provided with a plug 331, which is the same size as the connecting groove 34. The plug 331 can be inserted into the connecting groove 34. When the top cover 33 shows signs of rust or the components inside the breakwater 3 need to be repaired, the top cover 33 can be lifted upwards. Under normal circumstances, the weight of the top cover 33 can withstand the impact of waves.

[0029] An extension plate 311 is provided on the rear side of the inlet grille 31. The extension plate 311 is located at the gap between the holes of the inlet grille 31. Multiple wave-dissipating ridges 41 are provided on the upper part of the extension plate 311. The height of the wave-dissipating ridges 41 is the same as the height of the holes of the inlet grille 31. Both the front and rear sides of the wave-dissipating ridges 41 are inclined surfaces. The kinetic energy of the water wave impacting the wave-dissipating ridges 41 is reduced. Multiple wave-dissipating ridges 41 perform multiple energy dissipation operations, thereby reducing or even dissipating the impact of the water wave.

[0030] A return plate 42 is positioned above the wave-dissipating ridge 41, with a U-shaped channel 421 at its end. The U-shaped channel 421 is located behind the wave-dissipating ridge 41. The U-shaped channel 421 is also located at the gap between the holes in the inlet grid 31. The bottom of the U-shaped channel 421 is lower than the top surface of the wave-dissipating ridge 41. If the water waves passing through the wave-dissipating ridge 41 still have kinetic energy, they will impact the U-shaped channel 421 to return, thereby canceling out subsequent water waves, or impacting the wave-dissipating ridge 41 again to further reduce the energy of the water waves.

[0031] The flow guiding component 5 includes a support rod 51 and a flow guiding wheel 52. The flow guiding wheel 52 is located behind the U-shaped groove 421. The support rod 51 has an annular groove 511 recessed inside, and the flow guiding wheel 52 is rotatably connected to the annular groove 511. The side wall of the flow guiding wheel 52 has three Y-shaped plates 521 arranged in annular array. If a small amount of water wave remains after the energy is dissipated by the U-shaped groove, the water wave will impact the Y-shaped plates 521, thereby causing the flow guiding wheel 52 to rotate and convert energy, further reducing the water wave flow.

[0032] This device uses the energy dissipation of the wave-dissipating ridge 41, the energy dissipation of the U-shaped trough 421, and the energy conversion of the guide wheel 52 to achieve multiple energy dissipation and wave reduction of the water waves entering the wave-dissipating box 3, thereby keeping the water flow behind the outflow grid 32 calm.

[0033] The buffer slope 6 is located above the support pile 61, and the bottom of the support pile 61 is anchored to the seabed. The installation method of the support pile 61 adopts the existing technology. The buffer slope 6 is above the support pile 61, and the highest point of the buffer slope 6 contacts the bottom of the inlet grid 31. The buffer slope 6 is a component in front of the wave-damping box 3. The water flow first impacts the buffer slope 6 for preliminary energy dissipation.

[0034] Several floating barrels 71 are rotatably connected to the diverter plate 7. Under the buoyancy of the floating barrels 71, the diverter plate 7 floats on the water surface. The rope restricts the diverter plate 7 to float only above the buffer slope 6. There are gaps between adjacent floating barrels 71. When surface water waves pass through the floating barrels 71, they are dispersed by the gaps between the floating barrels 71, reducing some of the impact force, and then enter the wave-dissipating box 3 for further energy dissipation.

[0035] The buffer slope 6 and the diversion plate 7 initially weaken the water waves, reducing the probability of damage to the internal components of the wave-damping box 3 and improving the service life of the device.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A breakwater for port and waterway engineering, characterized in that, include: A boulders bed (1) located on the seabed; Multiple stacked blocks (2) are stacked one on top of the boulders bed (1). A wave-damping box (3) is located above the topmost stacked block (2), and the front end of the wave-damping box (3) is an inlet grille (31); A wave-damping assembly (4) is provided inside the wave-damping box (3), the wave-damping assembly (4) includes a wave-damping ridge (41) and a return plate (42); A flow guide assembly (5) is located behind the wave-damping assembly (4); A buffer slope (6) is provided in front of the wave-damping box (3); and A diversion plate (7) is provided above the buffer slope (6), and the diversion plate (7) is connected to the buffer slope (6) by ropes.

2. A breakwater for port and waterway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite block (2) is made of concrete. The bottom of the composite block (2) is provided with a groove (21) and the top of the composite block (2) is provided with a protrusion (22). The protrusion (22) of the lower composite block (2) can be inserted into the groove (21) of the upper composite block (2).

3. A breakwater for port and waterway engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear end of the wave-damping box (3) is an outflow grille (32), the holes of the inflow grille (31) face the gap between the holes of the outflow grille (32), and the tops of the inflow grille (31) and the outflow grille (32) are on the same plane.

4. A breakwater for port and waterway engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the wave-damping box (3) is detachably connected to a top cover (33). The top of the inlet grille (31) and the outlet grille (32) are both provided with connecting grooves (34). The bottom of the top cover (33) is provided with a plug (331), which can be inserted into the connecting groove (34).

5. A breakwater for port and waterway engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: An extension plate (311) is provided on the rear side of the inlet grille (31), and a plurality of wave-damping ridges (41) are provided on the upper part of the extension plate (311). The height of the wave-damping ridges (41) is the same as the height of the holes of the inlet grille (31).

6. A breakwater for port and waterway engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The return plate (42) is located above the wave-dissipating ridge (41), and the end of the return plate (42) is a U-shaped groove (421), which is located behind the wave-dissipating ridge (41).

7. A breakwater for port and waterway engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow guiding assembly (5) includes a support rod (51) and a flow guiding wheel (52). The flow guiding wheel (52) is located behind the U-shaped groove (421). The support rod (51) has an annular groove (511) recessed inside. The flow guiding wheel (52) is rotatably connected to the annular groove (511).

8. A breakwater for port and waterway engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide wheel (52) has a ring array of multiple Y-shaped plates (521) on its sidewall.

9. A breakwater for port and waterway engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The buffer slope (6) is located above the support pile (61), the bottom of the support pile (61) is anchored to the seabed, and the highest point of the buffer slope (6) is in contact with the bottom of the inflow grid (31).

10. A breakwater for port and waterway engineering according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of floating barrels (71) are rotatably connected to the diversion plate (7), and there are gaps between adjacent floating barrels (71).

Images