Elastic expansion joint structure for building construction

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of elastic expansion joint structure for building construction, it is related to building construction field, including support structure, fixed structure and drainage structure, support structure includes support plate, support plate is equipped with mounting hole, mounting hole inside inserts elastic pin, mounting hole both sides are equipped with sliding slot, sliding slot is equipped with elastic strip, and elastic strip is installed with V-shaped spring;Fixed structure includes cover plate, cover plate center is equipped with limit hole, and bolt is installed in limit hole, and the end of bolt is fixed in the fixed hole on elastic pin;Drainage structure includes drainage groove, drainage groove is U-shaped, and drainage pipe is installed in the bottom of drainage groove.Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantages that it realizes multi-stage energy absorption from macro displacement to micro deformation, significantly improves dynamic sealing, ensures that the structure moves synchronously with expansion joint, avoids damage caused by stress concentration, effectively delays material aging, reduces maintenance frequency, modular assembly design reduces on-site processing requirements, and is suitable for rapid deployment in different span scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building construction, and more particularly to an elastic expansion joint structure for building construction. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of modern building technology, elastic expansion joints, as a key structural measure to address structural thermal expansion and contraction, seismic vibration, and uneven settlement, have undergone significant evolution in design and material application. Early expansion joints often used single rigid materials (such as steel) or traditional rubber filling, absorbing stress through physical deformation. However, these structures are prone to fatigue cracking and sealing failure under long-term dynamic loads. In recent years, with the development of polymer materials and composite structure technology, elastic expansion joints have gradually evolved towards modularization and intelligentization. For example, expansion joints using a combination of anti-aging rubber strips and steel profiles achieve large-scale displacement adaptation through the elastic deformation of the rubber; multi-layer waterproof modules are being introduced to improve sealing performance. Furthermore, the elastic connection design between the steel profiles and the sliding groove enhances the stability and durability of the structure. Although existing technologies have solved the deformation adaptability problem of expansion joints to some extent, significant shortcomings remain in dynamic sealing, long-term durability, and ease of construction.

[0003] Existing expansion joint structures generally suffer from the following technical defects: Traditional rubber filling materials are prone to hardening and cracking under long-term temperature differential cycles or vibration environments, leading to a decline in sealing performance. For example, the detachment of the water guide channel or weak welding can easily cause leakage problems, while multi-layer waterproof module designs do not actually solve the problem of sealing failure caused by material aging. Most structures rely on a single elastic element (such as a rubber band or spring), making it difficult to simultaneously meet the dual requirements of large-scale displacement and small-scale deformation. Although some expansion joints are suitable for long-span bridges, their complex structure increases the construction difficulty and has weak adaptability to small and medium-scale deformation scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an elastic expansion joint structure for building construction, which addresses the common problems of dynamic sealing failure and insufficient adaptability in existing expansion joint technologies.

[0005] This application provides an elastic expansion joint structure for building construction, including a support structure, a fixing structure and a drainage structure. The support structure includes a support plate with mounting holes. An elastic pin is inserted into the mounting hole. Slide grooves are provided on both sides of the mounting hole, and elastic strips are provided in the slide grooves. A V-shaped spring is installed on the elastic strip. The fixing structure includes a cover plate with a limiting hole at the center. A bolt is installed in the limiting hole, and the end of the bolt is fixed in a fixing hole on a spring pin. The drainage structure includes a drainage trough, which is U-shaped, and a drainage pipe is installed at the bottom of the drainage trough.

[0006] As an improvement, the support plate is T-shaped and made of elastic material. The T-shaped support plate is installed at the center line of the expansion joint, and both sides are connected to the expansion joint by bolts. Because it is made of elastic material, it can expand and contract with the expansion joint, and because it is bolted, both ends will move with the expansion joint.

[0007] As an improvement, the support plate is provided with stepped plates at both ends, and the stepped plates at both ends are embedded in the expansion joint. Several fixing holes are provided on the stepped plates, and a groove is provided at the connection between the stepped plates and the expansion joint. Embedding in the expansion joint can ensure that the support plate can expand and contract with the expansion joint. The stepped plates are fixed by bolts to prevent the support plate from being squeezed out by the contracting expansion joint.

[0008] As an improvement, the mounting hole is a square hole, and the mounting hole and the spring pin adopt an interference fit. During installation, the spring strips and V-shaped springs on both sides are first installed in the appropriate positions, and then the spring pin is pressed or hammered into the mounting hole. The spring strips on both sides are squeezed out by the spring pin, and the V-shaped springs on both sides abut against the side wall of the expansion joint to complete the locking.

[0009] As an improvement, when the elastic pins are installed, the two ends of the slide groove abut against the spring strip. The two ends of the slide groove are arc-shaped, and the inner side of the slide groove has a rounded corner structure. The spring strip cannot pass through the slide groove when it is not under force.

[0010] As an improvement, the spring bar is an arc-shaped cylinder with flat surfaces at both ends that abut against the spring pin, ensuring that the plane of the spring bar is parallel to the spring pin when the spring pin is fully installed.

[0011] As an improvement, a connecting groove is provided at the connection between the V-shaped spring and the elastic bar, and rubber pads are installed at both ends of the V-shaped spring. The rubber pads provide elastic force and sufficient friction to prevent the V-shaped spring from being worn or displaced.

[0012] As an improvement, the cover plate has a symmetrical structure with slopes at both ends. The cover plate is a bottomless trapezoid with tenons at the ends of the slopes. The tenons and slots cooperate with each other. The tenons and slots are in the installation state. Since the cover plate is fixed to the spring pin with bolts, the slots will expand and contract with the expansion joint during the expansion joint deformation stage. The trapezoidal cover plate will also deform as the expansion joint widens and remain stationary when it narrows.

[0013] As an improvement, the cover plate is a metal part with an outer anti-rust coating.

[0014] As an improvement, the slide, spring bar, and V-shaped spring are all symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the support plate. This symmetrical arrangement ensures that the support plate is always at the center of the expansion joint.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are as follows: the interference fit design of the support plate and the elastic pin, combined with the composite buffer structure of the V-shaped spring and the rubber pad, realizes multi-level energy absorption from macroscopic displacement to microscopic deformation, significantly improving dynamic sealing performance; the embedded design of the T-shaped elastic support plate and the stepped plate, through the slot-tenon cooperation, ensures that the structure moves synchronously with the expansion joint, avoiding damage caused by stress concentration; the friction design of the anti-rust coated metal cover plate and the rubber pad effectively delays material aging and reduces maintenance frequency; the modular assembly design reduces on-site processing requirements and is suitable for rapid deployment in different span scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solution of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagrams provided for embodiments of this application; Figure 2 A front view provided for embodiments of this application; Figure 3 An enlarged view of the structure of region A provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the installation location provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A side view diagram provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure provided for embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the support plate structure provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure provided for an embodiment of this application.

[0018] The components are as follows: 1. Support structure; 11. Support plate; 111. Step plate; 112. Fixing hole 2; 113. Slot; 12. Mounting hole; 13. Spring pin; 131. Fixing hole; 14. Slide groove; 15. Spring strip; 16. V-shaped spring; 161. Connecting groove; 162. Rubber pad; 2. Fixing structure; 21. Cover plate; 211. Slope; 212. Tenon; 22. Limiting hole; 23. Bolt; 3. Drainage structure; 31. Drainage groove; 32. Drainage pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0021] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, when describing pipelines, the terms "connected" and "linked" as used in this application have the meaning of establishing electrical connection. The specific meaning needs to be understood in conjunction with the context.

[0023] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0024] like Figures 1-9 An elastic expansion joint structure for building construction includes a support structure 1, a fixing structure 2 and a drainage structure 3. The support structure 1 includes a support plate 11, an installation hole 12 on the support plate 11, an elastic pin 13 inserted into the installation hole 12, a sliding groove 14 on both sides of the installation hole 12, an elastic strip 15 in the sliding groove 14, and a V-shaped spring 16 installed on the elastic strip 15. The fixing structure 2 includes a cover plate 21, a limiting hole 22 is provided at the center of the cover plate 21, a bolt 23 is installed in the limiting hole 22, and the end of the bolt 23 is fixed in the fixing hole 131 on the elastic pin 13. The drainage structure 3 includes a drainage trough 31, which is U-shaped, and a drainage pipe 32 is installed at the bottom of the drainage trough 31.

[0025] As an improvement, the support plate 11 is T-shaped and made of elastic material. The T-shaped support plate 11 is installed at the center line of the expansion joint and is connected to the expansion joint on both sides by bolts 23. Because it is made of elastic material, it can expand and contract with the expansion joint, and because it is connected by bolts 23, both ends will move with the expansion joint.

[0026] As an improvement, the support plate 11 is provided with stepped plates 111 at both ends. The stepped plates 111 at both ends are embedded in the expansion joint. The stepped plates 111 are provided with several fixing holes 112. The connection between the stepped plates 111 and the expansion joint is provided with a slot 113. Embedding in the expansion joint can ensure that the support plate 11 can expand and contract with the expansion joint. The stepped plates 111 are fixed by bolts 23, which can prevent the support plate 11 from being squeezed out by the contracting expansion joint.

[0027] As an improvement, the mounting hole 12 is a square hole, and the mounting hole 12 and the spring pin 13 are interference fit. During installation, the spring strips 15 and V-shaped springs 16 on both sides are first installed in the appropriate positions, and then the spring pin 13 is pressed or hammered into the mounting hole 12. The spring strips 15 on both sides are squeezed out by the spring pin 13, and the V-shaped springs 16 on both sides abut against the side wall of the expansion joint to complete the locking.

[0028] As an improvement, when the elastic pin 13 is installed, the two ends of the slide groove 14 abut against the elastic bar 15. The two ends of the slide groove 14 are arc-shaped, and the inner side of the slide groove 14 has a rounded corner structure. When the elastic bar 15 is not under force, it cannot pass through the slide groove 14.

[0029] As an improvement, the spring bar 15 is an arc-shaped cylinder, and both ends of the spring bar 15 are provided with flat surfaces that abut against the spring pin 13, so that when the spring pin 13 is fully installed, the plane direction of the spring bar 15 is parallel to the spring pin 13.

[0030] As an improvement, a connecting groove 161 is provided at the connection between the V-shaped spring 16 and the elastic bar 15, and rubber pads 162 are installed at both ends of the V-shaped spring 16. The rubber pads 162 provide elastic force and sufficient friction force to prevent the V-shaped spring 16 from being worn or displaced.

[0031] As an improvement, the cover plate 21 has a symmetrical structure with ramps 211 at both ends. The cover plate 21 is a bottomless trapezoid. The ends of the ramps 211 are provided with tenons 212, which cooperate with the slots 113. The tenons 212 and the slots 113 are in the installation state. Since the cover plate 21 is fixed to the elastic pins 13 by bolts 23, the slots 113 will expand and contract with the expansion joint during the expansion joint deformation stage. The trapezoidal cover plate 21 will also deform as the expansion joint widens and remain stationary when it narrows.

[0032] As an improvement, the cover plate 21 is a metal part with an outer anti-rust coating.

[0033] As an improvement, the slide 14, spring 15 and V-shaped spring 16 are all symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the support plate 11. The symmetrical arrangement can ensure that the support plate 11 is always at the center of the expansion joint.

[0034] Example: Working process and principle of elastic expansion joint structure for building construction The following uses a specific construction scenario as an example to explain in detail the workflow and coordination mechanism of each component in this utility model, so as to ensure that reviewers can manufacture equipment with corresponding functions based on this embodiment.

[0035] I. Overall Structure Assembly and Installation Process Installation of support structure 1 Support plate 11: The support plate 11 is made of a T-shaped elastic material such as polyurethane or polymer composite material, with its longitudinal centerline aligned with the centerline of the expansion joint. The stepped plates 111 at both ends of the support plate 11 are embedded in the reserved grooves on both sides of the expansion joint and are connected to the expansion joint through the fixing holes 112 and the slots 113.

[0036] Slot 113: Slot 113 is located at the connection between the step plate 111 and the expansion joint, and cooperates with the tenon 212 of the cover plate 21 installed later to ensure that the support plate 11 moves synchronously with the expansion joint.

[0037] Bolt 23: The support plate 11 is fixed in the expansion joint through the fixing hole 112 of the step plate 111, and the end of the bolt 23 passes through the slot 113 and is anchored to the expansion joint.

[0038] Assembly of elastic elements Mounting hole 12 and spring pin 13: The support plate 11 has a square mounting hole 12 in the middle, into which a spring pin 13 is inserted. The spring pin 13 is made of metal such as 45# steel, and its diameter is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 12. It is fixed by interference fit.

[0039] Installation steps: Springs 15 and V-shaped springs 16 are pre-installed in the grooves 14 on both sides of the mounting hole 12.

[0040] The curved cylinder of the spring bar 15 is embedded into the slide groove 14 to ensure that the planes at both ends of the spring bar 15 fit the rounded corner structure inside the slide groove 14.

[0041] Insert the connecting groove 161 of the V-shaped spring 16 into the corresponding groove of the spring strip 15, and make the rubber pads 162 at both ends of the V-shaped spring 16 fit tightly against the surface of the spring strip 15.

[0042] The spring pin 13 is pressed into the mounting hole 12 by a hydraulic or mechanical device. The insertion force of the spring pin 13 pushes the spring strip 15 to move towards both ends of the slide groove 14, so that the rubber pad 162 of the V-shaped spring 16 is tightly attached to the side wall of the expansion joint, thus completing the locking.

[0043] Installation of fixed structure 2 Cover plate 21: The cover plate 21 is a symmetrical metal part such as Q235 steel, and the outer layer is coated with an anti-rust coating such as epoxy resin. The cover plate 21 has slopes 211 at both ends, and the whole is a bottomless trapezoid. The tenons 212 at its ends cooperate with the slots 113 of the support plate 11.

[0044] Bolt 23: Bolt 23 is installed in the limiting hole 22 of cover plate 21. The end of bolt 23 is inserted into the fixing hole 131 of spring pin 13 and locked by nut.

[0045] Installation of drainage structure 3 Drainage channel 31: The drainage channel 31 is directly installed between the rubber pads 162 on both sides, tightly against the side wall of the expansion joint, and inserted and fixed. Drain pipe 32: Drain pipe 32 is installed at the corresponding hole at the bottom of drainage channel 31, and a seal is made during installation. II. Working Principle and Dynamic Response Structural stability in static state Support plate 11: The T-shaped support plate 11, due to the flexibility of the elastic material, can undergo slight deformation in response to minor deformations of the expansion joint, such as contraction or expansion caused by temperature changes. The arc-shaped ends of the slide groove 14 abut against the elastic strip 15 after the elastic pin 13 is installed, preventing the elastic strip 15 from detaching from the slide groove 14 without external force.

[0046] V-shaped spring 16: The V-shaped spring 16 makes close contact with the sidewall of the expansion joint via the rubber pad 162, providing initial preload and ensuring that the structure remains sealed under static conditions.

[0047] Synergistic effect of dynamic scaling phase When the expansion joint widens: When the expansion joint widens due to external loads such as vehicle passage or temperature rise, the stepped plates 111 at both ends of the support plate 11 move outward along the slots 113.

[0048] The elastic pin 13 is subjected to tension in the mounting hole 12, which pushes the elastic strip 15 to slide towards both ends of the slide groove 14. The rubber pad 162 of the V-shaped spring 16 is compressed, absorbing part of the deformation energy.

[0049] The slope 211 of the cover plate 21 slides into the groove 113 along with the tenon 212. Due to its structural characteristics, the trapezoidal cover plate 21 undergoes elastic deformation to maintain a sealed contact with the side wall of the expansion joint.

[0050] When the expansion joint narrows: When the expansion joint narrows due to temperature drop or load release, the stepped plates 111 at both ends of the support plate 11 retract inward, and the slot 113 drives the tenon 212 to reset.

[0051] The rubber pad 162 of the V-shaped spring 16 returns to its original shape under the action of preload, the spring bar 15 slides back to its initial position in the groove 14, and the spring pin 13 is fixed by interference fit.

[0052] Due to the trapezoidal structure, the slope 211 of the cover plate 21 is only allowed to deform in one direction, ensuring that the cover plate 21 remains in place when it narrows.

[0053] Sealing and durability assurance Rubber pad 162: The rubber pad 162 not only provides elastic cushioning, but also prevents the V-shaped spring 16 from shifting through surface friction, thus extending its service life.

[0054] Rust-proof coating: The rust-proof coating of cover plate 21, such as epoxy resin, isolates moisture and corrosive media in the environment, preventing metal parts from rusting.

[0055] III. Selection of Key Component Models and Materials Elastic pin 13: Material: 45# steel, yield strength ≥355MPa, tensile strength ≥600MPa.

[0056] Surface treatment: Chrome plating with a hardness of ≥800HV improves wear resistance and rust prevention.

[0057] V-shaped spring 16: Material: 60Si2MnA spring steel with an elastic modulus ≥206GPa and fatigue strength ≥550MPa.

[0058] Rubber pad 162: Nitrile rubber (NBR), Shore hardness 70±5, temperature range -30℃ to +100℃.

[0059] Slide 14: Material: Aluminum-silicon alloy ADC12, density 2.7g / cm³, tensile strength ≥240MPa.

[0060] Surface treatment: Anodized thickness ≥10μm to enhance wear resistance.

[0061] Cover plate 21: Material: Q235 steel with a yield strength ≥235MPa and a tensile strength ≥375MPa.

[0062] Rust-proof coating: epoxy zinc-rich primer dry film thickness ≥80μm + polyurethane topcoat dry film thickness ≥50μm.

[0063] IV. Implementation Results Verification Through the above structural design, this utility model achieves the following technical effects: Dynamic adaptability: The interference fit design of the elastic pin 13 and the slide 14, combined with the elastic buffer of the V-shaped spring 16, can adapt to the deformation range of ±20mm of the expansion joint.

[0064] Sealing durability: The coefficient of friction of rubber pad 162 is ≥0.8 according to ASTM D1894 standard, ensuring that V-spring 16 has no significant displacement after 100,000 cycles of testing.

[0065] Ease of construction: Modular design shortens installation time compared to traditional expansion joints, compared to the average construction period of expansion joint construction processes.

[0066] V. Implementation Guidelines Component procurement: The elastic pin 13 needs to be customized with a square cross-section, and the size should be referenced to the interference fit requirements of the mounting hole 12.

[0067] The connecting groove 161 of the V-shaped spring 16 needs to match the groove of the spring bar 15 with a tolerance of ±0.05mm.

[0068] Assembly tools: The spring pin 13 is pressed in using a hydraulic press with a pressure of ≥500kN.

[0069] The rounded corner structure of the slide 14 needs to be machined by CNC to achieve a surface roughness of Ra≤3.2μm.

[0070] Test method: The fatigue life of the structure was verified by simulating the deformation of the expansion joint by ±20mm using a universal testing machine in accordance with the ASTM E466 standard.

[0071] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An elastic expansion joint structure for building construction, comprising a support structure (1), a fixing structure (2), and a drainage structure (3), characterized in that: The support structure (1) includes a support plate (11), a mounting hole (12) is provided on the support plate (11), a spring pin (13) is inserted into the mounting hole (12), a sliding groove (14) is provided on both sides of the mounting hole (12), a spring bar (15) is provided in the sliding groove (14), and a V-shaped spring (16) is installed on the spring bar (15). The fixing structure (2) includes a cover plate (21), a limiting hole (22) is provided at the center of the cover plate (21), a bolt (23) is installed in the limiting hole (22), and the end of the bolt (23) is fixed in the fixing hole (131) on the elastic pin (13); The drainage structure (3) includes a drainage trough (31), which is U-shaped, and a drainage pipe (32) is installed at the bottom of the drainage trough (31).

2. The elastic expansion joint structure for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (11) is T-shaped and is made of elastic material.

3. The elastic expansion joint structure for building construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support plate (11) has stepped plates (111) at both ends. The stepped plates (111) at both ends are embedded in the expansion joint. The stepped plates (111) have several fixing holes (112). The connection between the stepped plates (111) and the expansion joint has a slot (113).

4. The elastic expansion joint structure for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting hole (12) is a square hole, and the mounting hole (12) and the spring pin (13) are fitted with an interference fit.

5. The elastic expansion joint structure for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the elastic pin (13) is installed, the two ends of the slide (14) abut against the elastic bar (15), and the two ends of the slide (14) are arc-shaped.

6. The elastic expansion joint structure for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic bar (15) is an arc-shaped cylinder, and both ends of the elastic bar (15) are provided with planes that abut against the elastic pin (13).

7. The elastic expansion joint structure for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-shaped spring (16) and the spring bar (15) are connected by a connecting groove (161), and rubber pads (162) are installed at both ends of the V-shaped spring (16).

8. The elastic expansion joint structure for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (21) has a symmetrical structure. The cover plate (21) has ramps (211) at both ends. The cover plate (21) is a bottomless trapezoid. The ends of the ramps (211) are provided with tenons (212), which are engaged with slots (113).

9. The elastic expansion joint structure for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (21) is a metal part with an anti-rust coating on the outer layer.

10. The elastic expansion joint structure for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide (14), spring bar (15) and V-shaped spring (16) are all symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the support plate (11).

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