A safety test platform for simulating collision of automobile lithium battery
By designing a fully automated lithium battery simulated collision test platform, employing various fire extinguishing media and real-time monitoring, the problems of existing equipment' inability to effectively monitor battery status and the slow response of traditional fire extinguishing devices have been solved, achieving rapid and reliable suppression of battery thermal runaway and improved safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA MACHINERY HUANYU(SHAN DONG)VEHICLE CERTIFICATION AND TESTING CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
Existing crash test equipment cannot effectively monitor the status of battery packs, traditional fire extinguishing devices have long response times and cannot suppress the spread of thermal runaway of lithium batteries. Electrolyte leakage can easily cause secondary fires or explosions, and they cannot meet the fire extinguishing requirements of new types of batteries.
A safety testing platform comprising a platform frame, a battery box, and a fire extinguishing box was designed. It adopts a fully automated collision-fire-fighting integrated device and uses multiple fire extinguishing media such as liquid water and electrolyte neutralizer. The rapid movement of the battery box and the automatic fire extinguishing of the fire extinguishing box are achieved through a linear slide and a pneumatic cylinder, combined with real-time monitoring by observation cameras.
It achieves rapid and reliable suppression of internal thermal runaway in batteries, reduces fire extinguishing costs, adapts to different battery shapes and sizes, improves safety and fire extinguishing efficiency, and avoids the danger of personnel contact.
Smart Images
Figure CN224594807U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This solution relates to the technical field of new energy battery collision testing, specifically designing a safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries. Background Technology
[0002] By 2024, my country's new energy vehicle ownership exceeded 20 million vehicles. However, frequent fires caused by thermal runaway after battery collisions have become a core pain point for users. With the popularization of new energy vehicles, lithium batteries are prone to thermal runaway, fire, and explosion after collisions. Existing collision testing equipment mainly focuses on the overall structure of the vehicle and lacks specific monitoring of the battery pack's condition. Meanwhile, in 2025, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued GB38031-2025 "Safety Requirements for Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles," making "no fire and no explosion" a mandatory requirement and adding stringent standards such as bottom impact and fast-charging cycle tests, forcing technological innovation.
[0003] Currently used collision detection and fire suppression systems are mostly full-vehicle coverage spray systems, which have long extinguishing times, high costs, and cannot stop electrolyte leakage. Furthermore, in the event of lithium battery thermal runaway, electrolyte leakage may trigger secondary fires or explosions, and conventional fire extinguishing devices (such as dry powder fire extinguishers) cannot effectively stop electrolyte combustion. Therefore, existing testing technologies have the following shortcomings: traditional fire extinguishing devices (such as aerosols) have long response times (≥5 minutes) and cannot suppress the spread of thermal runaway within the battery; existing fire extinguishing devices cannot guarantee effective prevention of electrolyte leakage after combustion or explosion, easily leading to secondary fires or explosions; after a collision, the battery pack may tilt or flip, resulting in uneven coverage and low extinguishing efficiency with traditional spray systems; collision test benches are mostly limited to the overall vehicle structure and lack the ability to specifically test automotive battery packs; with the upgrading of battery types, existing fire extinguishing devices are difficult to adapt to the timely extinguishing of fires from emerging batteries such as solid-state batteries and sodium-ion batteries. Utility Model Content
[0004] This invention provides a safety testing platform for simulating collisions with automotive lithium batteries, thereby addressing the technical problems mentioned in the background section.
[0005] A safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries includes a platform frame, a battery box, and a fire extinguishing box. The battery box is movably mounted on the upper part of the platform frame, and the fire extinguishing box is located at the lower rear of the platform frame. Linear slides are provided on the inner ends of the upper two sides of the platform frame, and the battery box moves on the upper part of the platform frame via the linear slides. A split plate is rotatably mounted on the upper front plate of the platform frame, and the fire extinguishing box is located below the split plate. Pressure cylinders are arranged at the outer end of the fire extinguishing box, and the pressure cylinders are connected to the fire extinguishing box via connecting pipes.
[0006] Preferably, a safety test platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries includes a linear slide with a linear track at the rear. The linear track is set on the inner end faces of both sides of the upper part of the platform frame. A single-axis controller is slidably mounted on the linear track, and the inner end face of the single-axis controller is arranged with limit contours.
[0007] Preferably, a safety test platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries has limiting beams arranged at the outer end of the battery box. The position of the limiting beams is consistent with the position of the limiting contour at the outer end of the single-axis controller, and the limiting beams are movably set in the limiting contour.
[0008] Preferably, a safety test platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries has a fixed plate on the side inside the battery box, a support rod passing through the fixed plate, a top support at the outer end of the support rod, and a spring sleeved on the support rod, with the spring located between the top support and the fixed plate.
[0009] Preferably, a safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries has a flip cover at the top of the battery box, and the front and rear plates of the battery box are arrayed with through holes.
[0010] Preferably, a safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries has a transmission rod hinged to the lower end face of the split plate, and a track plate mirrored on the inner end face of the lower two sides of the platform frame. The track plate has sliding holes, and a moving beam is slidably mounted on the sliding holes. The moving beam is rotatably connected to the lower end of the transmission rod. A pneumatic cylinder is also provided on the lower inner end face of the platform frame, and the end of the telescopic rod of the pneumatic cylinder is rotatably connected to the moving beam.
[0011] Preferably, a safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries includes at least two pressure cylinders at the outer end of the fire extinguisher box, and the connecting pipe between the pressure cylinders and the fire extinguisher box is a T-shaped pipe, with a solenoid valve between the pressure cylinders and the connecting pipe.
[0012] Preferably, a safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries has an observation camera mounted on the side wall below the platform frame, and the observation camera is positioned above the fire extinguisher box.
[0013] Beneficial Effects: This utility model adopts an integrated collision-fire suppression device, which can automatically perform impact collision tests and extinguish fires after battery pack fires. Compared with existing equipment, it has a higher degree of integration. The gas cylinder of this utility model can be replaced and filled with various fire extinguishing media such as liquid water + electrolyte neutralizer for heat insulation and fire suppression. Compared with existing technologies, it is less expensive, has a shorter fire suppression time, and a more reliable fire suppression effect. It can better suppress the spread of thermal runaway inside the battery and solve the problem of secondary fires caused by electrolyte leakage. In this utility model, the battery box uses a spring limiter to fix the battery pack. Compared with existing testing devices, it can adapt to battery packs and battery modules of different shapes and sizes without affecting the impact test results. The opening and falling mechanism of the worktable in this utility model allows the drive slide to move the battery box to the rear of the frame when there is a risk of battery collision and fire. The battery box and battery fall into the fire extinguishing box to extinguish the fire, avoiding personnel contact and increasing safety. The fire situation can be observed through the observation camera without the need for close observation by personnel. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the first sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the second sectional view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the battery box of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the single-axis controller of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the fire extinguishing box of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional diagram of the fire extinguishing box of this utility model.
[0015] In the diagram: Platform frame 1, linear slide 101, linear track 1011, single-axis controller 1012, limit profile 1013, split plate 102, transmission rod 1021, track plate 103, sliding hole 1031, moving beam 1032, pneumatic cylinder 104, observation camera 105, battery box 2, limit beam 201, fixing plate 202, support rod 2021, top support 2022, spring 2023, flip cover 203, through hole 204, fire extinguishing box 3, pressure cylinder 301, solenoid valve 3011, connecting pipe 302. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The implementation process of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a welded connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0018] like Figures 1-8 The safety test platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries shown includes a platform frame 1, a battery box 2, and a fire extinguishing box 3. The battery box 2 is movably mounted on the upper end of the platform frame 1, and the fire extinguishing box 3 is located below the rear of the platform frame 1. Linear slides 101 are provided on the inner ends of the upper two sides of the platform frame 1, and the battery box 2 moves on the upper end of the platform frame 1 via the linear slides 101. A split plate 102 is rotatably mounted on the upper front end plate of the platform frame 1, and the fire extinguishing box 3 is located below the split plate 102. Pressure cylinders 301 are arranged at the outer end of the fire extinguishing box 3, and the pressure cylinders 301 are connected to the fire extinguishing box 3 via a connecting pipe 302.
[0019] Furthermore, the rear of the linear slide table 101 is a linear track 1011, which is set on the inner end faces of both sides of the upper part of the platform frame 1. A single-axis controller 1012 is slidably mounted on the linear track 1011, and a limit contour 1013 is arranged on the inner end face of the single-axis controller 1012.
[0020] Furthermore, a limiting beam 201 is arranged at the outer end of the battery box 2. The position of the limiting beam 201 is consistent with the position of the limiting contour 1013 at the outer end of the single-axis controller 1012, and the limiting beam 201 is movably arranged in the limiting contour 1013.
[0021] Furthermore, a fixing plate 202 is provided on the side inside the battery box 2. A support rod 2021 passes through the fixing plate 202. A top support 2022 is provided at the outer end of the support rod 2021. A spring 2023 is sleeved on the support rod 2021. The spring 2023 is located between the top support 2022 and the fixing plate 202.
[0022] Furthermore, the upper end of the battery box 2 is provided with a flip cover 203, and the front and rear plates of the battery box 2 are provided with through holes 204.
[0023] Furthermore, a transmission rod 1021 is hinged to the lower end face of the split plate 102, and a track plate 103 is mirrored on the inner end face of the lower two sides of the platform frame 1. The track plate 103 is provided with a sliding hole 1031, and a moving beam 1032 is slidably provided in the sliding hole 1031. The moving beam 1032 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the transmission rod 1021. A pneumatic cylinder 104 is also provided on the lower inner end face of the platform frame 1. The end of the telescopic rod of the pneumatic cylinder 104 is rotatably connected to the moving beam 1032.
[0024] Furthermore, at least two pressure cylinders 301 are provided at the outer end of the fire extinguishing box 3, and the connecting pipe 302 between the pressure cylinder 301 and the fire extinguishing box 3 is a three-way pipe, and a solenoid valve 3011 is provided between the pressure cylinder 301 and the connecting pipe 302.
[0025] Furthermore, an observation camera 105 is installed on the side wall below the platform frame 1, and the observation camera 105 is positioned above the fire extinguishing box 3.
[0026] The battery box 2 is movably mounted on the upper end of the platform frame 1, and the fire extinguisher box 3 is located below the rear of the platform frame 1. Linear slides 101 are provided on the inner ends of both sides of the upper part of the platform frame 1. The battery box 2 moves on the upper end of the platform frame 1 via the linear slides 101. A linear track 1011 is provided on the inner end faces of both sides of the upper part of the platform frame 1. A single-axis controller 1012 slides on the linear track 1011. Limiting contours 1013 are arranged on the inner end face of the single-axis controller 1012. The single-axis controller 1012 involved in this solution is an integral drive device, containing a drive motor and drive device. Limiting beams 201 are arranged on the outer end of the battery box 2. The position of the limiting beams 201 is consistent with the position of the limiting contours 1013 on the outer end of the single-axis controller 1012, and the limiting beams 201 are movably mounted on the limiting contours 1011. In section 3, when the single-axis controller 1012 on the linear slide 101 is working, it can drag the battery box 2 to move on the worktable. The upper front plate of the platform frame 1 is rotatably provided with a split plate 102. The lower end face of the split plate is hinged with a transmission rod 1021. The inner end faces of the lower two sides of the platform frame 1 are mirrored with a track plate 103. The track plate 103 is provided with a sliding hole 1031. The sliding hole 1031 is slidably provided with a moving beam 1032. The moving beam 1032 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the transmission rod 1021. The lower inner end face of the platform frame 1 is also provided with a pneumatic cylinder 104. The end of the telescopic rod of the pneumatic cylinder 104 is rotatably connected to the moving beam 1032. The fire extinguishing box 3 is located below the split plate 102. The outer end of the fire extinguishing box 3 is provided with a pressure cylinder 301. The pressure cylinder 301 is connected to the fire extinguishing box 3 through a connecting pipe 302. The rear of the linear slide 101 is a linear track 1011. At least two pressure cylinders 301 are provided at the outer end of the fire extinguishing box 3. The connecting pipe 302 between the pressure cylinders 301 and the fire extinguishing box 3 is a three-way pipe. A solenoid valve 3011 is provided between the pressure cylinders 301 and the connecting pipe 302. Various fire extinguishing media can be placed in the pressure cylinders 301 to achieve different fire extinguishing methods. The body of the three-way pipe in this solution can be connected to the fire extinguishing box 3 through multiple connecting pipes to quickly deliver the fire extinguishing media into the fire extinguishing box 3. The solenoid valve 3011 can control the two pressure cylinders 301 individually or simultaneously. The pressure cylinders 301 can be detached for replenishment and replacement of internal media and pressure.A fixing plate 202 is provided on the side inside the battery box 2. A support rod 2021 passes through the fixing plate 202. A top support 2022 is provided at the outer end of the support rod 2021. A spring 2023 is sleeved on the support rod 2021. The spring 2023 is located between the top support 2022 and the fixing plate 202, which can clamp batteries of different specifications. The support rod 2021 can extend out of the box body as needed. A flip cover 203 is provided at the top of the battery box 2. The front and rear plates of the battery box 2 are arrayed with through holes 204 to facilitate fire suppression. An observation camera 105 is provided on the side wall below the platform frame 1 of the battery box 2. The head 105 is located above the fire extinguishing box 3 and is used to monitor the fire extinguishing situation inside the fire extinguishing box 3. During the rapid movement experiment, when the battery catches fire, the battery box 2 is moved to the rear of the platform frame 1 by the linear slide 101. Then, the pneumatic cylinder 104 is controlled by the safety system. The lower end of the pneumatic cylinder 104 can be hinged to the platform frame. The pneumatic cylinder 104 pulls down the transmission rod 1021, causing the double-leaf plate 102 to open downwards. At this time, the battery box 2 will fall into the fire extinguishing box 3 due to gravity. The solenoid valve 3011 works to extinguish the fire inside the fire extinguishing box 3. The fire extinguishing process is monitored in real time by the observation camera 105, and the double-leaf door can be closed during the fire extinguishing process.
[0027] Within the scope of protection. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries, comprising a platform frame (1), a battery box (2), and a fire extinguishing box (3), characterized in that... The battery box (2) is movably mounted on the upper end of the platform frame (1), and the fire extinguishing box (3) is mounted on the lower rear part of the platform frame (1). The upper two sides of the platform frame (1) are provided with linear slides (101). The battery box (2) moves on the upper end of the platform frame (1) via the linear slides (101). The upper front plate of the platform frame (1) is provided with a split plate (102). The fire extinguishing box (3) is mounted below the split plate (102). The outer end of the fire extinguishing box (3) is provided with pressure cylinders (301). The pressure cylinders (301) are connected to the fire extinguishing box (3) via a connecting pipe (302).
2. The safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that... The rear of the linear slide (101) is a linear track (1011), which is set on the inner end faces of both sides of the upper part of the platform frame (1). A single-axis controller (1012) is slidably mounted on the linear track (1011), and a limit profile (1013) is arranged on the inner end face of the single-axis controller (1012).
3. A safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that... The outer end of the battery box (2) is provided with a limiting beam (201). The position of the limiting beam (201) is consistent with the position of the limiting contour (1013) at the outer end of the single-axis controller (1012), and the limiting beam (201) is movably set in the limiting contour (1013).
4. A safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that... The battery box (2) has a fixing plate (202) on its side inside. The fixing plate (202) passes through a support rod (2021). The outer end of the support rod (2021) has a top support (2022). A spring (2023) is sleeved on the support rod (2021). The spring (2023) is located between the top support (2022) and the fixing plate (202).
5. A safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that... The battery box (2) is provided with a flip cover (203) at the upper end, and the front and rear plates of the battery box (2) are provided with through holes (204).
6. A safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that... The lower end face of the split plate (102) is hinged with a transmission rod (1021). The inner end faces of the lower two sides of the platform frame (1) are mirrored with a track plate (103). The track plate (103) is provided with a sliding hole (1031). A moving beam (1032) is slidably provided in the sliding hole (1031). The moving beam (1032) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the transmission rod (1021). The inner end face of the lower part of the platform frame (1) is also provided with a pneumatic cylinder (104). The end of the telescopic rod of the pneumatic cylinder (104) is rotatably connected to the moving beam (1032).
7. A safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that... At least two pressure cylinders (301) are provided at the outer end of the fire extinguishing box (3), and the connecting pipe (302) between the pressure cylinder (301) and the fire extinguishing box (3) is a three-way pipe, and a solenoid valve (3011) is provided between the pressure cylinder (301) and the connecting pipe (302).
8. A safety testing platform for simulating collisions of automotive lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that... An observation camera (105) is provided on the side wall below the platform frame (1), and the observation camera (105) is above the fire extinguishing box (3).