A lithium battery module voltage equalization and regulation device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device, belonging to the field of battery testing technology. The device includes positive and negative input terminals, positive and negative output terminals, AC power input terminals, a main contactor, an AC-DC conversion module, a module voltage and temperature sampling input unit, a data acquisition equalization board, a BMS control main board, and a CAN communication terminal. The BMS control main board acquires the voltage and temperature information of each individual cell through the data acquisition equalization board, controls the on / off state of the main contactor, and controls external charging and discharging equipment to automatically regulate the voltage of the module via CAN communication; simultaneously, it controls the data acquisition equalization board to perform equalization on individual cells. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided by this utility model has a compact structure, is easy to carry, and can achieve fully automatic voltage regulation at the battery module level and automatic equalization of individual cells, making it suitable for lithium battery production testing, after-sales maintenance, and other scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery testing technology, and in particular to a lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device. Background Technology

[0002] In the production, testing, and maintenance of lithium batteries, the voltage balance of battery modules is a key factor affecting their performance, lifespan, and safety. A battery module is composed of multiple individual cells connected in series and parallel. Due to differences in manufacturing processes and varying usage environments, inconsistencies in voltage and capacity can occur between battery modules within the same module, and between individual cells within the same module. If voltage equalization is not performed in a timely manner, it will lead to a "weakest link effect," reducing the overall usable capacity and even causing safety risks such as overcharging and over-discharging.

[0003] Currently, the equalization and voltage regulation of battery modules mostly rely on battery management system integration solutions or large-scale automated testing equipment. These solutions suffer from problems such as large equipment size, high cost, poor portability, and complex deployment, making it difficult to meet the flexible usage needs of scenarios such as production line sampling inspection, on-site maintenance, and small-batch testing.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a modular portable voltage regulating tool that is compact in structure, highly integrated in function, and easy to operate. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention addresses the aforementioned problems in the prior art by providing a module-level portable voltage regulation fixture that can automatically collect cell status, intelligently determine balancing needs, control the main circuit on / off state, and collaborate with external equipment to complete automatic voltage regulation and balancing, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of battery module testing and maintenance.

[0006] This utility model provides a lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device, including a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, a positive output terminal, a negative output terminal, an AC power input terminal, a module voltage and temperature sampling input unit, a CAN communication terminal, a main contactor, an AC-DC conversion module, a data acquisition equalization board, and a BMS control main board.

[0007] The positive output terminal of the battery module is connected to the positive terminal of the charging and discharging device via the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal in sequence; the negative output terminal of the battery module is connected to the negative terminal of the charging and discharging device via the negative input terminal, the main contactor, and the negative output terminal in sequence; the control terminal of the main contactor is electrically connected to the switch control output terminal of the BMS control motherboard;

[0008] The AC power input terminal is used to connect to the mains power supply, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the AC-DC conversion module. The output terminal of the AC-DC conversion module is electrically connected to the power supply terminal of the BMS control motherboard.

[0009] The first end of the CAN communication terminal is electrically connected to the CAN communication interface of the charging and discharging device, and the second end is electrically connected to the CAN communication interface of the BMS control motherboard.

[0010] The input terminal of the module voltage and temperature sampling input unit is electrically connected to the voltage and temperature detection points of each individual cell in the battery module, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the sampling input terminal of the acquisition equalization board.

[0011] The data acquisition equalization board is electrically connected to the BMS control motherboard via a communication bus;

[0012] The acquisition equalization board is used to acquire the voltage and temperature data of each individual cell in the battery module and transmit the acquisition results to the BMS control main board. The BMS control main board is used to control the on / off state of the main contactor according to the acquisition results, send commands through the CAN communication terminal to regulate the charging and discharging equipment to perform charging and discharging operations on the battery module, and control the acquisition equalization board to perform equalization voltage regulation of the individual cells.

[0013] This utility model discloses a portable lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device at the battery module level. It constructs a complete lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation system architecture, integrating power input, main circuit control, data acquisition, communication interaction, and intelligent control functions. Through the BMS control motherboard, it uniformly coordinates the main circuit on / off, charge / discharge command issuance, and individual cell equalization operations, realizing a fully automated voltage regulation process at the module level and automatic equalization of individual cells within the module. This significantly improves the automation and consistency of voltage regulation operations, solving the problems of high cost, poor portability, and difficulty in meeting the flexible usage needs of traditional tooling in scenarios such as production line sampling inspection, on-site maintenance, and small-batch testing.

[0014] The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided by this utility model includes a battery module comprising multiple individual cells, and the module voltage and temperature sampling input unit includes multiple sets of independent voltage and temperature sampling channels, with each set of voltage and temperature sampling channels corresponding to one individual cell.

[0015] By setting up multiple sets of voltage and temperature sampling terminals that correspond one-to-one with individual battery cells, the system ensures accurate and independent monitoring of the status of each cell in the battery module. This provides a reliable data foundation for subsequent precise equalization control, avoids misjudgments caused by sampling omissions or crosstalk, and improves the overall measurement accuracy and safety of the system.

[0016] In the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided by this utility model, the acquisition equalization board integrates a front-end analog acquisition chip, and the BMS control motherboard includes a microcontroller unit; the front-end analog acquisition chip and the microcontroller unit are electrically connected through an isolated differential communication interface for transmitting sampling data and equalization control signals.

[0017] The front-end analog chip communicates with the microcontroller unit of the BMS control motherboard through differential signal lines, which effectively enhances the anti-electromagnetic interference capability of data transmission. It is especially suitable for complex electromagnetic environments such as industrial sites, ensuring the integrity and real-time performance of sampled data, and improving the communication reliability and operational stability of the system.

[0018] In the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided by this utility model, the front-end analog acquisition chip is provided with multiple sampling channels, each sampling channel is connected to a single battery cell; each sampling channel is externally connected to a filtering sampling circuit and an equalization discharge circuit; the filtering sampling circuit is used to condition and acquire the voltage and temperature of the single battery cell; the equalization discharge circuit includes an equalization switch and a discharge resistor, which is used to discharge energy from the single battery cell with high voltage under the control of the BMS control motherboard, so as to achieve voltage equalization.

[0019] Each sampling channel is independently configured with a sampling circuit and an equalization circuit, enabling accurate acquisition and on-demand equalization of individual cell voltage and temperature. The filtering sampling circuit effectively suppresses noise and improves voltage measurement accuracy; the equalization circuit can controllably discharge high-voltage cells under BMS commands, achieving passive equalization, effectively reducing the voltage difference between individual cells, and extending the service life of the battery module.

[0020] In the lithium battery module equalization voltage regulation device provided by this utility model, the discharge resistor in the equalization discharge circuit is a power resistor, and its rated power is determined according to the maximum equalization current and duration of a single cell. The equalization discharge circuit is also equipped with a thermal protection element.

[0021] The discharge resistor in the equalization discharge circuit is a power resistor and equipped with thermal protection components. It can automatically cut off the circuit during long-term equalization or abnormal overheating to prevent the resistor from burning out or causing thermal runaway. This enhances the thermal safety of the equalization circuit and ensures the long-term reliability of the device under continuous working conditions.

[0022] The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided by this utility model further includes a host computer communication terminal. The BMS control motherboard establishes a communication connection with the host computer through the host computer communication terminal, and is used to upload real-time voltage, temperature, state of charge, health status and equalization status information of the battery module, and receive configuration parameters or control commands issued by the host computer 400.

[0023] The addition of a host computer communication terminal enables the device to perform remote monitoring and data management. Users can view module status, balancing progress, historical data, and other information in real time via the host computer, and configure parameters, greatly improving the operability and intelligence of the equipment. This facilitates centralized and digital management in scenarios such as test production lines and warehouse management.

[0024] In the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided by this utility model, the host computer communication terminal is an RS485 communication interface.

[0025] The design utilizes an RS485 communication port as the host computer communication interface, offering advantages such as long transmission distance, strong anti-interference capability, and support for multi-point networking. This design is suitable for long-distance cabling requirements in industrial settings, enhancing the device's environmental adaptability and system scalability, and facilitating the construction of a centralized monitoring network for multiple devices.

[0026] In the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided by this utility model, the main contactor is a DC high-voltage contactor with a rated operating voltage not lower than the maximum output voltage of the battery module, and is equipped with a pull-in state feedback contact. The feedback contact is electrically connected to the feedback contact input terminal of the BMS control main board.

[0027] The main circuit contactor is equipped with a contactor for engagement status feedback, and the feedback signal is connected to the BMS control motherboard. This enables real-time closed-loop monitoring of the physical on / off status of the main circuit, effectively preventing the risk of "false on / off" caused by faults such as contactor sticking or drive failure. This significantly improves the safety and reliability of the system and avoids safety accidents caused by misoperation.

[0028] In the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided by this utility model, the AC-DC conversion module outputs multiple isolated DC power supplies, one of which powers the BMS control motherboard and the other powers the acquisition equalization board.

[0029] The AC-DC conversion module provides isolated power supplies for the BMS control motherboard and the acquisition equalization board, realizing electrical isolation between the control circuit and the acquisition circuit. This effectively blocks ground loop interference, prevents power supply noise from affecting high-precision voltage sampling, and improves the accuracy of signal acquisition and the stability of system operation.

[0030] In the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided by this utility model, the BMS control motherboard has built-in overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, short circuit and overcurrent protection circuits.

[0031] The BMS control motherboard has built-in multiple protection logics. When abnormal conditions such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, short circuit, or overcurrent are detected, it can immediately control the main contactor to disconnect and send a shutdown command to the charging and discharging equipment through CAN communication. This achieves dual safety protection, significantly improves the system's active safety capabilities, and effectively protects the safety of the battery module and operators. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the external connection relationship of the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0034] Figure 3 This is another external connection diagram of the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0035] In the attached diagram:

[0036] 100. Lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device; 101. Positive input terminal; 102. Negative input terminal; 103. Positive output terminal; 104. Negative output terminal; 105. AC power input terminal; 106. Module voltage and temperature sampling input unit; 107. CAN communication terminal; 108. Main contactor; 109. AC-DC conversion module; 110. Acquisition equalization board; 111. BMS control main board; 112. Host computer communication terminal;

[0037] 200. Battery module;

[0038] 300. Charging and discharging equipment;

[0039] 400, host computer. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this utility model, the specific embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device provided in this embodiment of the invention not only achieves automatic charging and discharging voltage regulation of the battery module, but also achieves balanced voltage distribution among the individual cells within the battery module. This portable lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device can be applied to the daily debugging and voltage regulation of lithium battery modules, and can also be used as a debugging module in the factory's abnormal module handling process. It can meet the voltage regulation and matching requirements of different modules in the laboratory stage, and can also meet the voltage regulation requirements for timely module replacement after two charge-discharge cycles in the factory stage to address voltage differential inconsistencies.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device 100, including a positive input terminal 101, a negative input terminal 102, a positive output terminal 103, a negative output terminal 104, an AC power input terminal 105, a module voltage and temperature sampling input unit 106, a CAN communication terminal 107, a main contactor 108, an AC-DC conversion module 109, a data acquisition equalization board 110, and a BMS control main board 111.

[0043] Wherein: the acquisition equalization board 110 is used to acquire the voltage and temperature data of each individual cell of the battery module 200 and transmit the acquisition results to the BMS control main board 111; the BMS control main board 111 is used to control the on / off state of the main contactor 108 according to the acquisition results, send commands through the CAN communication terminal 107 to regulate the charging and discharging equipment 300 to perform charging and discharging operations on the battery module 200, and control the acquisition equalization board 110 to perform equalization voltage regulation of the individual cells.

[0044] The positive output terminal of the battery module 200 is connected to the positive terminal of the charging / discharging device 300 via the positive input terminal 101 and the positive output terminal 103 in sequence. The negative output terminal of the battery module 200 is connected to the negative terminal of the charging / discharging device 300 via the negative input terminal 102, the main circuit contactor 108, and the negative output terminal 104 in sequence. The control terminal of the main circuit contactor 108 is electrically connected to the switch control output terminal of the BMS control motherboard 111. The battery module 200 and the charging / discharging device 300 form a main circuit through the positive input terminal 101, negative input terminal 102, positive output terminal 103, negative output terminal 104 provided by the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device 100, and the main circuit contactor 108. When the main circuit contactor 108 is closed, the main circuit is connected; when the main circuit contactor 108 is open, the main circuit is disconnected.

[0045] The AC power input terminal 105 is used to connect to the mains power supply, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the AC-DC conversion module 109. The output terminal of the AC-DC conversion module 109 is electrically connected to the power supply terminal of the BMS control motherboard 111 to provide operating power to the BMS control motherboard 111. In some embodiments of this utility model, the AC-DC conversion module 109 converts the input 220V AC power to 12V DC power to power the BMS control motherboard 111. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device 100 of this utility model integrates the AC-DC conversion module 109, which allows it to be directly connected to the mains power supply without the need for an additional dedicated power supply, reducing the number of external devices required for battery module testing and improving testing convenience.

[0046] The first end of the CAN communication terminal 107 is electrically connected to the CAN communication interface of the charging and discharging device 300, and the second end is electrically connected to the CAN communication interface of the BMS control motherboard 111, so as to realize bidirectional communication between the BMS control motherboard 111 and the charging and discharging device 300. The CAN communication terminal 107 is used to transmit charging and discharging commands, voltage settings, current settings, and status feedback.

[0047] The input terminal of the module voltage and temperature sampling input unit 106 is electrically connected to the voltage and temperature detection points of each individual cell in the battery module 200, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the sampling input terminal of the acquisition equalization board 110.

[0048] In some embodiments of this invention, the battery module 200 includes multiple individual battery cells, and the module voltage and temperature sampling input unit 106 includes multiple sets of independent voltage and temperature sampling channels, each set of voltage and temperature sampling channels corresponding to one individual battery cell. By setting multiple sets of voltage and temperature sampling terminals that correspond one-to-one with individual battery cells, accurate and independent monitoring of the state of each cell in the battery module is ensured, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent precise equalization control, avoiding misjudgments caused by sampling omissions or crosstalk, and improving the overall measurement accuracy and safety of the system.

[0049] The data acquisition equalization board 110 and the BMS control motherboard 111 are electrically connected via a communication bus.

[0050] This utility model discloses a portable lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device at the battery module level. It constructs a complete lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation system architecture, integrating power input, main circuit control, data acquisition, communication interaction, and intelligent control functions. Through the BMS control motherboard, it uniformly coordinates the main circuit on / off, charge / discharge command issuance, and individual cell equalization operations, realizing a fully automated voltage regulation process at the module level and automatic equalization of individual cells within the module. This significantly improves the automation and consistency of voltage regulation operations, solving the problems of high cost, poor portability, and difficulty in meeting the flexible usage needs of traditional tooling in scenarios such as production line sampling inspection, on-site maintenance, and small-batch testing.

[0051] In some embodiments of this invention, the acquisition equalization board 110 integrates a front-end analog acquisition chip, and the BMS control motherboard 111 includes a microcontroller unit. The front-end analog acquisition chip and the MCU are electrically connected via an isolated differential communication interface for transmitting sampling data and equalization control signals. The front-end analog acquisition chip transmits the sampling results to the microcontroller unit via daisy-chain communication, achieving high-speed, interference-resistant data transmission. The front-end analog chip communicates with the microcontroller unit of the BMS control motherboard via differential signal lines, effectively enhancing the electromagnetic interference resistance of data transmission, making it particularly suitable for complex electromagnetic environments such as industrial sites. This ensures the integrity and real-time performance of the sampling data, and improves the communication reliability and operational stability of the system.

[0052] The front-end analog acquisition chip has multiple sampling channels, each connected to a single battery cell. Each sampling channel is externally connected to a filtering sampling circuit and an equalization discharge circuit. The filtering sampling circuit is used to condition and acquire the voltage and temperature of the single battery cell. The equalization discharge circuit includes an equalization switch and a discharge resistor, used to discharge energy from single battery cells with high voltage under the control of the BMS control motherboard 111, achieving voltage equalization. Each sampling channel is independently configured with a sampling circuit and an equalization circuit, realizing accurate acquisition and on-demand equalization of the voltage and temperature of the single battery cell. The filtering sampling circuit can effectively suppress noise and improve voltage measurement accuracy; the equalization circuit can controllably discharge high-voltage cells under BMS commands, achieving passive equalization, effectively reducing the voltage difference between cells, and extending the service life of the battery module.

[0053] In some specific embodiments of this invention, voltage and temperature sampling share the same terminal on the battery module side, and therefore, voltage and temperature sampling share the same sampling channel in the front-end analog acquisition chip. In other specific embodiments of this invention, voltage and temperature sampling each occupy a separate terminal on the battery module side, and therefore, voltage and temperature sampling each occupy a separate sampling channel in the front-end analog acquisition chip.

[0054] The discharge resistor in the equalization discharge circuit is a power resistor, and its rated power is determined based on the maximum equalization current and duration of the individual battery cell. The equalization discharge circuit also includes a thermal protection element to prevent overheating damage. By using a power resistor and configuring a thermal protection element, the discharge resistor in the equalization discharge circuit can automatically cut off the circuit during prolonged equalization or abnormal overheating, preventing resistor burnout or thermal runaway. This enhances the thermal safety of the equalization circuit and ensures the long-term reliability of the device under continuous operating conditions.

[0055] In some embodiments of this invention, the acquisition equalization board employs an active equalization circuit. In some embodiments of this invention, the acquisition equalization board employs a passive equalization circuit. In still other embodiments of this invention, the acquisition equalization board integrates both active and passive equalization circuits to improve equalization efficiency. This invention does not impose any special limitations on the specific circuit implementation and equalization strategy of the acquisition equalization board.

[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown in some embodiments of this utility model, the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device 100 further includes a host computer communication terminal 112. The BMS control motherboard 111 inside the lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device 100 establishes a communication connection with an external host computer 400 through the host computer communication terminal 112. This connection is used to upload real-time voltage, temperature, SOC (State of Charge), SOH (State of Health), and equalization status information of the battery module 200, and to receive configuration parameters or control commands issued by the host computer 400. The addition of the host computer communication terminal enables the device to have remote monitoring and data management capabilities. Users can view module status, equalization progress, historical data, and other information in real time through the host computer, and configure parameters, greatly improving the operability and intelligence level of the equipment, facilitating centralized and digital management in scenarios such as test production lines and warehouse management.

[0057] Preferably, in some specific embodiments of this utility model, the host computer communication terminal 112 is an RS485 communication interface. Using an RS485 communication port as the host computer communication interface has advantages such as long transmission distance, strong anti-interference capability, and support for multi-point networking. This design is suitable for long-distance cabling requirements in industrial sites, enhances the environmental adaptability and system scalability of the device, and facilitates the construction of a centralized monitoring network for multiple devices.

[0058] In some other embodiments of this utility model, the host computer communication terminal 112 is an RS232, USB, or wireless module.

[0059] In some embodiments of this utility model, the main circuit contactor 108 is a DC high-voltage contactor with a rated operating voltage not lower than the maximum output voltage of the battery module 200. It is equipped with a pull-in state feedback contact, which is electrically connected to the feedback contact input terminal of the BMS control main board 111. The BMS control main board 111 monitors the actual on / off state of the main circuit contactor 108 in real time through the feedback contact. The configuration of the pull-in state feedback contact on the main circuit contactor and the connection of the feedback signal to the BMS control main board achieves real-time closed-loop monitoring of the physical on / off state of the main circuit. This effectively prevents the risk of "false on / off" due to contactor sticking, drive failure, or other faults, significantly improving the safety and reliability of the system and avoiding safety accidents caused by misoperation.

[0060] In some embodiments of this utility model, the acquisition equalization board 110 is connected to the battery module 200 through the module voltage and temperature sampling input unit 106, and the battery module 200 supplies power to the acquisition equalization board 110.

[0061] In other embodiments of this invention, the AC-DC conversion module 109 outputs multiple isolated DC power supplies, one of which powers the BMS control motherboard 111, and the other powers the acquisition equalization board 110, thereby achieving electrical isolation between the control circuit and the acquisition circuit. The AC-DC conversion module provides isolated power supplies to both the BMS control motherboard and the acquisition equalization board, achieving electrical isolation between the control circuit and the acquisition circuit. This effectively blocks ground loop interference, prevents power supply noise from affecting high-precision voltage sampling, and improves the accuracy of signal acquisition and the stability of system operation.

[0062] In some embodiments of this utility model, the BMS control motherboard 111 incorporates overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, short circuit, and overcurrent protection circuits. When an abnormal operating condition is detected, it controls the main contactor 108 to disconnect and sends a fault shutdown command to the charging and discharging equipment 300 via the CAN communication terminal 107. The BMS control motherboard incorporates multiple protection logics. When abnormal operating conditions such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, short circuit, or overcurrent are detected, it can immediately control the main contactor to disconnect and send a shutdown command to the charging and discharging equipment via CAN communication, achieving dual safety protection and significantly improving the system's active safety capabilities, effectively ensuring the safety of the battery module and operators.

[0063] In addition, the BMS control motherboard 111 can also parse the voltage and temperature information of individual cells during the charging and discharging process through the DBC configuration file, monitor the status of individual cells, and promptly disconnect the contactor to protect the main circuit when an abnormality is detected.

[0064] In practical implementation, the conditions for equalization activation and deactivation need to be determined based on the performance parameters of the lithium battery module. In one specific embodiment of this utility model, the battery module is a ternary lithium battery module, and the voltage of each individual cell after full charging is 4200mV. It is required that the maximum voltage difference between individual cells within the same battery module is less than 12mV. This embodiment activates voltage equalization of individual cells within the module during both charging and resting states. The corresponding working process of the lithium battery module equalization voltage regulation device is as follows:

[0065] 1. The data acquisition equalization board transmits the real-time voltage and temperature data of the battery module to the BMS control motherboard.

[0066] 2. The BMS control motherboard determines whether the battery module needs to be charged or discharged based on the collected data and the preset module voltage value. If charging or discharging is required, it controls the main contactor to close and sends specific charging or discharging commands to the charging or discharging equipment through the CAN communication terminal.

[0067] 3. During the charging and discharging process, the equalization board continues to collect the voltage and temperature data of the battery module in real time. The BMS control board determines whether the charging and discharging targets have been reached based on the collected data. If they have been reached, it controls the main circuit contactor to close.

[0068] 4. The BMS main control board automatically determines whether voltage balancing of individual cells within the module is required. Balancing is activated if all of the following conditions are met:

[0069] (a) The battery module is in a charging or idle state;

[0070] (b) Monomer pressure differential > 30mV;

[0071] (c) Maximum single-cell voltage > 3800mV;

[0072] The equilibrium will exit if any of the following conditions are met:

[0073] (a) The battery module is in a discharging state; (Equalization cannot be initiated in the discharging state. If equalization is initiated in the quiescent state and then enters the discharging mode again, equalization will be terminated.)

[0074] (b) Individual pressure differential ≤ 10mV;

[0075] (c) Maximum single-cell voltage ≤ 3800mV.

[0076] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many modifications under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these modifications are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device, characterized in that, It includes a positive input terminal (101), a negative input terminal (102), a positive output terminal (103), a negative output terminal (104), an AC power input terminal (105), a module voltage and temperature sampling input unit (106), a CAN communication terminal (107), a main contactor (108), an AC-DC conversion module (109), a data acquisition equalization board (110), and a BMS control main board (111); The positive output terminal of the battery module (200) is connected to the positive terminal of the charging and discharging device (300) in sequence via the positive input terminal (101) and the positive output terminal (103); The negative output terminal of the battery module (200) is connected to the negative terminal of the charging and discharging device (300) in sequence via the negative input terminal (102), the main contactor (108), and the negative output terminal (104); the control terminal of the main contactor (108) is electrically connected to the switch control output terminal of the BMS control motherboard (111); The AC power input terminal (105) is used to connect to the mains power supply, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the AC-DC conversion module (109). The output terminal of the AC-DC conversion module (109) is electrically connected to the power supply terminal of the BMS control motherboard (111). The first end of the CAN communication terminal (107) is electrically connected to the CAN communication interface of the charging and discharging device (300), and the second end is electrically connected to the CAN communication interface of the BMS control motherboard (111). The input terminal of the module voltage and temperature sampling input unit (106) is electrically connected to the voltage and temperature detection points of each individual cell in the battery module (200), and the output terminal is electrically connected to the sampling input terminal of the acquisition equalization board (110). The data acquisition equalization board (110) and the BMS control motherboard (111) are electrically connected via a communication bus; The acquisition equalization board (110) is used to acquire the voltage and temperature data of each individual cell of the battery module (200) and transmit the acquisition results to the BMS control motherboard (111). The BMS control motherboard (111) is used to control the on / off state of the main contactor (108) according to the acquisition results, send instructions through the CAN communication terminal (107) to regulate the charging and discharging equipment (300) to charge and discharge the battery module (200), and control the acquisition equalization board (110) to perform equalization voltage regulation of the individual cells.

2. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module (200) includes multiple individual battery cells, and the module voltage and temperature sampling input unit (106) includes multiple independent voltage and temperature sampling channels, with each voltage and temperature sampling channel corresponding to a single battery cell.

3. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The acquisition equalization board (110) integrates a front-end analog acquisition chip, and the BMS control motherboard (111) includes a microcontroller unit; the front-end analog acquisition chip and the microcontroller unit are electrically connected through an isolated differential communication interface for transmitting sampling data and equalization control signals.

4. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front-end analog acquisition chip is equipped with multiple sampling channels, each sampling channel is connected to a single battery cell; each sampling channel is externally connected to a filtering sampling circuit and an equalization discharge circuit. The filtering sampling circuit is used to condition and acquire the voltage and temperature of individual cells; the equalization discharge circuit includes an equalization switch and a discharge resistor, which are used to discharge energy from individual cells with high voltage under the control of the BMS control motherboard (111) to achieve voltage equalization.

5. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The discharge resistor in the equalization discharge circuit is a power resistor, and its rated power is determined based on the maximum equalization current and duration of a single cell. The equalization discharge circuit is also equipped with a thermal protection element.

6. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device also includes a host computer communication terminal (112). The BMS control motherboard (111) establishes a communication connection with the host computer (400) through the host computer communication terminal (112) to upload real-time voltage, temperature, state of charge, health status and equalization status information of the battery module, and to receive configuration parameters or control commands issued by the host computer (400).

7. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The host computer communication terminal (112) is an RS485 communication interface.

8. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main contactor (108) is a DC high-voltage contactor with a rated operating voltage not lower than the maximum output voltage of the battery module (200) and is equipped with a pull-in state feedback contact. The feedback contact is electrically connected to the feedback contact input terminal of the BMS control motherboard (111).

9. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AC-DC conversion module (109) outputs multiple isolated DC power supplies, one of which powers the BMS control motherboard (111) and the other powers the acquisition equalization board (110).

10. The lithium battery module equalization and voltage regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The BMS control motherboard (111) has built-in overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, short circuit and overcurrent protection circuits.

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