A full or half power variable power switch

Abstract

The utility model belongs to switch technical field relates to a full -power or half -power variable power switch, include: alternating current input terminal A, mechanical switch SW1, diode D1 and alternating current output terminal 1. The anode of diode D1 is connected with the pin x of mechanical switch SW1, and the cathode of diode D1 is connected with the pin y of mechanical switch SW1 and the pin 1 of alternating current output terminal respectively. In addition to having the original function of traditional mechanical switch, when switching, the power parameter of the appliance equipment can be automatically switched and changed, directly coping with the different power requirements of the equipment appliance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of switch technology, and more specifically, to a full-power or half-power variable power switch. Background Technology

[0002] Existing variable power switching technology has many shortcomings.

[0003] Firstly, the structural stability is poor. Some switch components are loosely connected, such as by simple plugging or gluing. Under frequent operation or vibration, problems such as loose components and poor contact may occur, affecting the normal use and lifespan of the switch.

[0004] Secondly, the accuracy and reliability of power regulation are insufficient. Some switches have poorly designed power regulation mechanisms, making it difficult to precisely control the contact between the metal moving contact and the terminal, resulting in unstable power output and failing to meet the stringent requirements of load equipment for stable power.

[0005] Third, assembly and maintenance are inconvenient. The existing switches have an unreasonable component layout and complex interrelationships, making the assembly process cumbersome and increasing production costs and time. Furthermore, when repairs or component replacements are needed, quick location and operation are difficult. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, this utility model provides a full-power or half-power variable power switch, comprising: an AC input terminal A, a mechanical switch SW1, a diode D1, and an AC output terminal 1. The positive terminal of diode D1 is connected to pin x of mechanical switch SW1, and the negative terminal of diode D1 is connected to pin y of mechanical switch SW1 and pin 1 of AC output terminal 1.

[0007] Preferably, the switch is a rotary switch, comprising: a plastic rotor handle, a plastic upper cover, a metal input terminal, a metal half-power connection terminal, a plastic base, a first spring, a first steel ball, a second steel ball, a second spring, a PCB board, a plastic rear cover, and a metal output terminal. The plastic base contains a diode D1 and a mechanical switch SW1. The plastic rotor handle is fixed to the plastic upper cover via a snap-fit ​​structure or a threaded connection. The plastic upper cover and the plastic base are connected in a sealed manner, with peripheral slots and protrusions engaging with each other. The metal input terminal serves as a power input point and is connected to the PCB board via welding or crimping. The metal half-power connection terminal is connected to the PCB board via welding or crimping. The metal output terminal is connected to an external load via a wire. The first spring, the first steel ball, the second spring, and the second steel ball are symmetrically installed in grooves inside the plastic base.

[0008] Preferably, the switch is a push-pull switch, which includes: a plastic back cover, a PCB board, a plastic base, a metal output terminal, a metal half-power connection terminal, a plastic top cover, a plastic push handle, a button hole, a spring, a steel ball, a silver contact, and a metal input terminal. The plastic base contains a diode D1 and a mechanical switch SW1. The metal input terminal A and the metal output terminal 1 are fixed to the bottom of the plastic base to form a rigid connection. The PCB board is positioned by a positioning post and a snap-fit ​​structure provided on the inner side of the plastic base, and its solder pads are soldered to the metal terminal pins. The plastic push handle cooperates with the base guide rail through a bottom T-shaped slide groove to achieve linear reciprocating motion.

[0009] Preferably, the switch is a rocker switch, which includes: a cover, a PCB board, a base, a steel sleeve, a spring, and a button. The PCB board is provided with a metal input terminal A, a metal half-power connection terminal, a metal output terminal 1, and a metal moving contact. The base is provided with a diode D1 and a mechanical switch SW1. The metal input terminal A serves as a power input interface, responsible for introducing external power into the switch to provide electrical energy. The metal output terminal 1 is used to output the processed electrical energy to the load device. The cover and the base are connected by a snap-fit ​​mechanism. The metal input terminal, the metal half-power connection terminal, and the metal output terminal are all fixed to the base by snap-fit ​​connection. The metal moving contact is connected to the base by the spring, which provides elasticity to the metal moving contact so that it can remain in its initial position when no external force is applied. One end of the steel sleeve is connected to the button, and the other end of the steel sleeve contacts the metal moving contact and indirectly acts on the metal moving contact. One end of the spring is fixed to the base, and the other end is connected to the button. The diode D1 and the mechanical switch SW1 are integrated inside the base.

[0010] Preferably, the cover of the rocker switch is made of insulating material.

[0011] Preferably, the metal input terminal of the rocker switch is made of metal.

[0012] Preferably, the base of the rocker switch is made of insulating material.

[0013] Preferably, the base of the rocker switch is further provided with a resistor R1, which is connected to the line between the metal half-power connection terminal and the metal output terminal.

[0014] Preferably, the base of the rocker switch is further provided with a capacitor C1, which is connected in parallel with the resistor R1 to form a filter circuit.

[0015] Preferably, the rocker switch further includes a power display module for displaying the current power value.

[0016] The full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model has the following beneficial effects: (1) From the perspective of structural connection, the cover and the base adopt a snap-fit ​​connection, which is convenient for installation and disassembly and facilitates later maintenance and repair; the metal middle foot input terminal, the metal half power connection terminal and the metal output terminal are fixed on the base by threads, the connection is stable, which can effectively avoid poor contact caused by loosening and ensure the stability of power transmission. (2) Functionally, the metal moving contact is connected to the base via a spring. The spring provides elastic force to keep the moving contact in its initial position when there is no external force. Combined with the linkage design of the steel sleeve and the button, one end of the steel sleeve is connected to the button and the other end contacts the moving contact. When the button is pressed, the movement of the moving contact can be precisely controlled to achieve flexible switching between full power and half power, meeting the power requirements of different load devices. (3) From the perspective of internal integration, diode D1 and mechanical switch SW1 are integrated inside the base. This design makes the switch structure compact, reduces the connection of external components, and reduces signal interference and the probability of failure. The metal middle-pin input terminal is responsible for introducing external power, and the metal output terminal outputs the processed power to the load device. The entire power transmission path is clear and efficient, ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the switch and providing a high-quality power control solution for various devices. (4) Through the compatible application of electronic components and integrated circuits, in addition to having the original functions of traditional mechanical switches, the power parameters of the equipment can be automatically switched and changed when switching, directly meeting the different power requirements of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort. The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical principle of the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the rotary switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model at an angle; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the rotary switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotary switch at an angle in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotary switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotary switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the push-pull switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model. Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the push-pull switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the push-pull switch at an angle in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the push-pull switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle; Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the rocker switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model. Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the rocker switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a rocker switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model.

[0018] In the figures, for ease of explanation, components are identified with different numbers in different embodiments.

[0019] In Embodiment 1, 1-plastic rotor handle, 2-plastic top cover, 3-metal input terminal, 4-metal half-power connection terminal, 5-plastic base, 7-first spring, 8-first steel ball, 9-second steel ball, 10-second spring, 11-PCB board, 12-plastic back cover, 13-metal output terminal, 14-diode; In Example 2, 21-plastic back cover, 22-PCB board, 23-plastic base, 24-metal output terminal, 25-metal half-power connection terminal, 26-plastic top cover, 27-plastic push handle, 29-spring, 30-steel ball, 31-silver contact, 32-metal input terminal, 33-diode; In Example 3, 41-cover, 42-metal input terminal, 43-metal half-power connection terminal, 44-metal output terminal, 45-metal moving contact, 46-base, 47-steel sleeve, 48-spring, 49-button, 50-PCB board, 51-diode D1, 52-full power output mode, 53-half power output mode. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0022] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical principle of the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model. (For example...) Figure 1 As shown, a full-power or half-power variable power switch includes: an AC input terminal A, a mechanical switch SW1, a diode D1, and an AC output terminal 1. The positive terminal of diode D1 is connected to pin x of mechanical switch SW1, and the negative terminal of diode D1 is connected to pin y of mechanical switch SW1 and pin 1 of AC output terminal 1.

[0024] When the common terminal COM of the mechanical switch is connected to the y terminal, the AC current flows from the input terminal A → mechanical switch COM → mechanical switch y → the electrical equipment. This is the rated power output of the equipment, entering full power output mode 52. When the common terminal COM of the mechanical switch is connected to the x terminal, the AC current flows from the input terminal A → mechanical switch COM → mechanical switch x → rectifier diode D1 → the electrical equipment. Due to the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, when the AC frequency is in the positive half-cycle, D1 conducts in the forward direction, and the current flows from the positive terminal to the negative terminal; conversely, when the AC frequency is in the negative half-cycle, D1 is reverse-biased and cut off the current, forming a positive half-wave conduction and a negative half-wave cutoff. At this time, the current flowing through the electrical equipment is only 1 / 2 of the total current. According to the power formula P=UI, the power output is P=UI*1 / 2, achieving half-power output, entering half-power output mode 53. Example 1

[0025] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the rotary switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model at an angle; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the rotary switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotary switch at an angle in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotary switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotary switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle. (See diagram below.) Figures 2-6 As shown, this embodiment provides a full-power or half-power variable power rotary switch. The rotary switch includes: a plastic rotor handle 1, a plastic upper cover 2, a metal input terminal 3, a metal half-power connection terminal 4, a plastic base 5, a first spring 7, a first steel ball 8, a second steel ball 9, a second spring 10, a PCB board 11, a plastic rear cover 12, and a metal output terminal 13. The plastic base contains diodes D1 and D14 and a mechanical switch SW1. The plastic rotor handle 1 is fixed to the plastic upper cover 2 by a snap-fit ​​structure or a threaded connection. The plastic upper cover 2 and the plastic base 5 are connected in a sealed manner, with the peripheral slots and protrusions cooperating with each other. The metal input terminal 3 serves as the power access point and is connected to the PCB board 11 by welding or pressing. The metal half-power connection terminal 4 is connected to the PCB board 11 by a wire. The metal output terminal 13 is connected to an external load by a wire. The first spring 7, the first steel ball 8, the second spring 10, and the second steel ball 9 are symmetrically installed in the grooves inside the plastic base.

[0026] Connection between the plastic rotor handle and the plastic top cover: The plastic rotor handle is fixed to the plastic top cover using a precision snap-fit ​​structure or threaded connection. This connection method ensures the stability of the handle during rotation and facilitates assembly and disassembly. The rotation of the handle directly drives the top cover to rotate synchronously, providing mechanical drive for subsequent power adjustment.

[0027] The plastic top cover and the plastic base feature a sealed design, with interlocking grooves and protrusions around the perimeter to form a tight connection. This connection not only ensures the internal sealing of the switch, preventing dust and moisture from entering, but also provides a stable support structure for the internal metal parts and electronic components.

[0028] Connection between the metal input terminal and the internal circuitry: The metal input terminal serves as the power supply access point, connecting to the corresponding circuitry on the PCB board via soldering or crimping. After power is introduced from the metal input terminal, it is distributed by the circuitry on the PCB board to provide stable power to the entire switching system.

[0029] The metal half-power connection terminal is connected to the PCB board via a wire. When the switch is in half-power mode, this terminal forms a specific electrical path with the metal input and metal output terminals, and the output power is regulated through the synergistic action of diode D1 and mechanical switch SW1.

[0030] The metal output terminals are connected to the external load via wires, and the regulated electrical energy is output to the load device to meet its working requirements.

[0031] The first spring provides elasticity, allowing the first steel ball to fit tightly into the positioning groove on the inner surface of the plastic rotor handle or the top cover, thus positioning and fixing the rotational position.

[0032] The second steel ball and the second spring are also installed in the plastic base, and their functions are similar to those of the first spring and the first steel ball, but they may be used for different positioning stages or to provide additional mechanical stability.

[0033] The PCB board is secured to the plastic base with screws or clips to ensure its stability. The plastic back cover is also tightly connected to the plastic base via a clip structure, encapsulating the PCB board inside and protecting the electronic components.

[0034] The working principle of the full-power or half-power variable power rotary switch in this embodiment is as follows: Full Power Position: When the plastic rotor handle is rotated to the full power position, the first and second steel balls, under the action of the springs, embed themselves into their corresponding positioning slots, stabilizing the rotary switch in this position. At this time, mechanical switch SW1 is closed, and diode D1 is short-circuited. Power is supplied directly from the metal input terminal through the circuitry on the PCB board and the closed mechanical switch SW1 to the metal output terminal, providing full power to the load.

[0035] Half-power state: When the plastic rotor handle is rotated to the half-power position, the steel ball repositions, triggering the mechanical switch SW1 to open. Simultaneously, an electrical path is formed between the metal half-power connection terminal and the metal input and output terminals. After power enters from the metal input terminal, a portion of the current flows through diode D1. Due to the diode's unidirectional conductivity and voltage drop characteristics, the power output to the metal output terminal is reduced to half of the full power, thus achieving half-power output.

[0036] Rotational Positioning and Stability Guarantee: During rotation, the positioning mechanism, consisting of the first spring and first steel ball, the second spring and second steel ball, plays a crucial role. When the handle is rotated to a specific power position, the steel ball accurately embeds into the positioning groove under the spring force, producing a distinct "click" sound, providing clear feedback to the user and ensuring that the switch can stably maintain the selected power state, avoiding changes in power settings due to vibration or misoperation. Example 2

[0037] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the push-pull switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model. Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the push-pull switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the push-pull switch at an angle in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the push-pull switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle. (See diagram below.) Figures 7-10 As shown, this embodiment provides a full-power or half-power variable power push-pull switch, including: a plastic back cover 21, a PCB board 22, a plastic base 23, a metal output terminal 24, a metal half-power connection terminal 25, a plastic top cover 26, a plastic push handle 27, a button hole 28, a spring 29, a steel ball 30, a silver contact 31, and a metal input terminal 32. The plastic base contains a diode D1 33 and a mechanical switch SW1. The metal input terminal 32 and the metal output terminal 24 are fixed to the bottom of the plastic base 23 to form a rigid connection. The PCB board 22 is positioned by a positioning post and a snap-fit ​​structure provided on the inner side of the plastic base. Its solder pads are soldered to the metal terminal pins. The plastic push handle cooperates with the base guide rail through a bottom T-shaped slide groove to achieve linear reciprocating motion.

[0038] This push-pull switch adopts a modular, layered design. Its core function is to dynamically switch electrical paths through mechanical displacement. Its structure consists of three layers: the bottom layer is an energy transmission layer composed of metal input / output terminals and diode D1; the middle layer is a logic control layer composed of a PCB board and mechanical switch SW1; and the top layer is a mechanical drive layer composed of a push handle, spring, and steel ball. Through precise coordination, these components achieve synchronous control of push-pull operation and power mode switching.

[0039] The metal half-power connection terminal can adopt an L-shaped bending structure, with its horizontal section embedded in the base sidewall and its vertical section extending to the PCB board pad area to ensure the stability of electrical contact.

[0040] Diode D1 (e.g., SMC10A) is surface-mount soldered to the input side of the PCB board, forming a rectifier circuit with the metal input terminal A. Mechanical switch SW1 is soldered to the PCB board via pins. A plastic push handle engages with the base guide rail via a T-shaped groove at the bottom, achieving linear reciprocating motion. The push handle has a steel ball limiting groove inside, dynamically engaging with the wave-shaped positioning track on the base sidewall. A spring is pre-installed at the rear end of the push handle to provide reset torque.

[0041] The working principle of the full-power or half-power variable power push-pull switch in this embodiment is as follows: Full power mode (push handle forward): When the push handle moves forward to its limit position, the steel ball falls into the first-stage groove of the positioning track, triggering the following electrical changes: When the moving contact of mechanical switch SW1 closes with the first stationary contact, a direct path is formed from the metal input terminal (A) to the copper foil on the PCB board, then to the mechanical switch SW1, and finally to the metal output terminal (1). At this time, diode D1 is short-circuited, and the system is in full-power operation.

[0042] The metal half-power connection terminal (HALF) is disconnected from the PCB board pads to ensure that the half-power circuit is in an open circuit state.

[0043] Half-power mode (pull handle backward): When the push handle moves backward, the spring compression reaches the design threshold, the steel ball rolls into the second-stage positioning groove, and triggers synchronously. The moving contact of mechanical switch SW1 contacts the second stationary contact, forming a half-wave rectifier circuit from metal input terminal A (IN) → diode D1 → metal half-power connection terminal (HALF) → load → metal output terminal 1 (OUT).

[0044] The copper foil trace design on the PCB board allows the current to pass through only half a cycle of diode D1, achieving a 50% reduction in output power. Example

[0045] Figure 11This is an exploded view of the rocker switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model. Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the rocker switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model from another angle; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rocker switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch of this utility model, showing an angle. Please refer to... Figures 11-13 The rocker switch in the full-power or half-power variable power switch provided in the third embodiment of this utility model includes at least a cover 41, a PCB board 50, a base 46, a steel sleeve 47, a spring 48, and a button 49. The PCB board 50 is provided with a metal input terminal 42, a metal half-power connection terminal 43, a metal output terminal 44, and a metal moving contact 45. The base 46 is provided with a diode D1. The switch SW1 and the mechanical switch SW1 are integrated. The metal input terminal 42 serves as the power input interface, responsible for introducing external power into the switch to provide electrical energy. The metal output terminal 44 is used to output the processed electrical energy to the load device. The cover 41 and the base 46 are connected by a snap-fit. The metal input terminal 42, the metal half-power connection terminal 43 and the metal output terminal 44 are all fixed to the base 46 by riveting. The metal moving contact 45 is connected to the button 49 by a spring 48. The spring 48 is used to provide elasticity to the metal moving contact 45 so that it can remain in the initial position when no external force is applied. One end of the steel sleeve 47 is connected to the button 49, and the other end of the steel sleeve 47 is in contact with the metal moving contact 45 and indirectly acts on the metal moving contact 45. One end of the spring 48 is fixed in the hole of the steel sleeve 47, and the other end is connected to the button 49. The diode D1 and the mechanical switch SW1 are integrated inside the base 46.

[0046] The cover 41 serves as an external protective component of the switch, primarily for protection and aesthetics. Specifically, the cover 41 is made of insulating material, effectively preventing external dust, moisture, and other impurities from entering the switch and protecting the internal electrical components from damage. Simultaneously, the design of the cover 41 also considers operator safety, avoiding the risk of electric shock.

[0047] The metal input terminal 42 is made of a highly conductive metal, such as copper. It is responsible for introducing external power into the switch, providing electrical energy to the entire circuit. Its shape and size must be designed to ensure a reliable connection with the external power supply line, guaranteeing stable current transmission.

[0048] The metal half-power connection terminal 43 is a key component for achieving half-power output. When the switch is in half-power mode, the connection method between this terminal and the load changes the circuit parameters, thereby reducing the power. It works in conjunction with the metal moving contact 45 and other related components to complete the power switching.

[0049] The metal output terminal 44 is used to output the electrical energy processed by the switch to the load device. It also uses a highly conductive metal material to ensure efficient and stable current transmission to the load. Its location and connection method must facilitate connection to the load device and ensure the reliability of the electrical connection.

[0050] The moving metal contact 45 is one of the core actuating components of the switch. It can contact or separate from different metal terminals when the button 49 is activated, thereby changing the on / off state and connection method of the circuit. The moving contact typically has good elasticity and conductivity to ensure stable electrical performance during frequent operation.

[0051] The base 46 is the supporting structure for the switch, providing a platform for mounting and securing other components. The base 46 is made of insulating material to prevent short circuits between internal electrical components. Inside the base 46 are a diode D1 and a mechanical switch SW1, providing basic support for the switch's electrical function.

[0052] The circuit consists of an AC input terminal A, a mechanical switch SW1, a diode D1 51, and an AC output terminal 1. The anode of diode D1 51 is connected to pin x of mechanical switch SW1, and the cathode is connected to pin y of mechanical switch SW1 and pin 1 of the AC output terminal. Diode D1 serves a rectification or protection function in the switching circuit. In certain operating modes, it can prevent reverse current flow, protecting other electrical components from damage. Simultaneously, the unidirectional conductivity of the diode can also be used to achieve circuit functions, such as current control in half-power mode. Mechanical switch SW1 is a crucial control component within the switch. It works in conjunction with the metal moving contact 45 and other components to achieve circuit on / off control and power switching. The reliability of mechanical switch SW1 directly affects the overall performance of the switch; therefore, its design and manufacturing must ensure stable operation during long-term use.

[0053] The steel sleeve 47 primarily serves to support and protect the internal wiring in a switch. It enhances the overall structural strength of the switch while providing a pathway and protection for electrical connections, preventing the wiring from being damaged by external mechanical forces.

[0054] Spring 48 provides a restoring force for button 49 and metal moving contact 45. When button 49 is pressed, spring 48 is compressed; when button 49 is released, spring 48 returns to its original state, causing metal moving contact 45 to return to its initial position, ensuring that the switch can switch operating states normally. The elasticity and lifespan of spring 48 have a significant impact on the operating performance of the switch.

[0055] Button 49 is the operating component for direct control of the switch by the operator. By pressing or releasing button 49, the metal moving contact 45 is activated, thereby achieving full-power or half-power switching of the switch. The design of button 49 must consider ease of operation and comfort, while ensuring its mechanical strength and reliability.

[0056] In some optional implementations of this embodiment, a resistor R1 is also provided within the base 46, and the resistor R1 is connected to the line between the metal half-power connection terminal 43 and the metal output terminal 44. In half-power mode, the additional resistor can be connected in series in the current transmission path. By selecting an appropriate resistance value, the magnitude of the current can be limited, thereby reducing the power. When the switch is in half-power mode, the current passes through the additional resistor. According to Ohm's law I = U / R (where I is the current, U is the voltage, and R is the resistance), with the voltage remaining constant, the resistance increases, the current decreases, thereby reducing the power output to the load.

[0057] In some optional implementations of this embodiment, a capacitor C1 is also provided within the base 46. The capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with a resistor R1 to form a filter circuit. The additional capacitor can be used to improve the power factor and stabilize the current of the switching circuit. In AC circuits, the capacitor can work in conjunction with an inductor to compensate for reactive power and improve the power factor of the circuit. The additional capacitor can be installed inside the base 46 and connected in parallel or series with the relevant electrical lines. For example, in half-power mode, the capacitor can form a filter circuit with the additional resistor and the load device to reduce current fluctuations and enable the load device to operate more stably.

[0058] In some optional implementations of this embodiment, to facilitate operators' understanding of the current operating power status of the switch, the variable power switch of this invention, whether full power or half power, also includes a power display module. The power display module displays the current power value. The power display module may include an LCD or LED indicator lights. The power display module acquires the current and voltage information of the load device in real time and calculates the current power value according to the power calculation formula P = UI (where P is power, U is voltage, and I is current), then displays it on a screen or indicates it through different states of the LED indicator lights. For example, different colored LED indicator lights can be used to represent full power mode and half power mode respectively, making it clear to the operator at a glance.

[0059] An external power supply is connected to the metal center-pin input terminal 42 via a power cord. The metal center-pin input terminal 42 is connected to the electrical wiring inside the base 46, bringing power into the switch. To ensure reliable connection, the power cord is typically secured to the metal center-pin input terminal 42 by soldering or crimping.

[0060] When the switch is in full-power mode, the metal moving contact 45 is in direct contact with the metal output terminal 44 when the button 49 is activated. At this time, current flows in from the metal input terminal 42, passes through the metal moving contact 45, and is directly transmitted to the metal output terminal 44, and then output to the load device. The diode D1 and mechanical switch SW1 within the base 46 may be in a conducting or open state in full-power mode to ensure smooth current flow. For example, the mechanical switch SW1 may be in a closed state, providing a complete current path; the diode D1 may be in a reverse-biased cutoff state, not affecting normal current transmission.

[0061] In half-power mode, the metal moving contact 45 contacts the metal half-power connection terminal 43. At this time, the current transmission path changes. Part of the current flowing into the metal input terminal 42 passes through the metal moving contact 45 and the metal half-power connection terminal 43, through circuit elements (such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, and thyristors), and then to the metal output terminal 44; the other part of the current is shunted or controlled through the connection between the diode D1 and the mechanical switch SW1 within the base 46. In half-power mode, the mechanical switch SW1 may be partially conducting or switched, working in conjunction with the diode D1 to reduce power. For example, the mechanical switch SW1 may switch to a contact associated with half-power, allowing some current to be rectified or limited through the diode D1, thereby reducing the power output to the load.

[0062] Button 49 is connected to metal moving contact 45 via a mechanical linkage. When button 49 is pressed, its mechanical action is transmitted to metal moving contact 45 through the linkage, causing the moving contact to displace and contact or separate from the corresponding terminal. Spring 48 is installed between button 49 and steel sleeve 47 to provide a restoring force for button 49. When button 49 is released, spring 48 returns to its original state, pushing button 49 and metal moving contact 45 back to their initial positions, thus switching the on / off state.

[0063] The working principle of this utility model's full-power or half-power variable power switch in full-power mode is as follows: In full-power mode, the operator presses the button, which, through a mechanical linkage, moves the metal moving contact downwards, ensuring close contact with the metal output terminal. At this time, external power flows in from the metal input terminal, passes through the metal moving contact, and is directly transmitted to the metal output terminal, providing full power to the load device. The mechanical switch SW1 inside the base is closed, ensuring smooth current flow throughout the circuit; diode D1 is in reverse cutoff mode and does not participate in current transmission, thus having no impact on circuit performance. The load device operates at maximum power under full power.

[0064] The working principle of the half-power mode of this utility model's full-power or half-power variable power switch is as follows: When switching to half-power mode is required, press the button again (or use other methods such as long press, rotation, etc., which can be adjusted according to the actual design). The button moves the metal moving contact, bringing it into contact with the metal half-power connection terminal. At this time, the current transmission path changes. Part of the current flowing from the metal input terminal passes through the metal moving contact and the metal half-power connection terminal, then through additional electronic components (which can be added later), before being transmitted to the metal output terminal; the other part of the current is switched by the mechanical switch SW1 inside the base, causing part of the current to pass through diode D1. The unidirectional conductivity of diode D1 rectifyes or limits the current, thereby reducing the power output to the load. In half-power mode, mechanical switch SW1 switches to the contact associated with half-power, working in conjunction with diode D1 to achieve precise power control. The load device operates at the reduced power to meet different usage requirements.

[0065] The beneficial effects of this utility model, through the design of the above embodiments, are as follows: (1) From the perspective of structural connection, the cover and the base are connected by snap-fit, which is convenient for installation and disassembly and facilitates later maintenance and repair; the metal middle-foot input terminal, the metal half-power connection terminal and the metal output terminal are fixed to the base by riveting, which is stable and can effectively avoid poor contact caused by loosening, and ensure the stability of power transmission. (2) Functionally, the metal moving contact is connected to the base via a spring. The spring provides elastic force to keep the moving contact in its initial position when there is no external force. Combined with the linkage design of the steel sleeve and the button, one end of the steel sleeve is connected to the button and the other end contacts the moving contact. When the button is pressed, the movement of the moving contact can be precisely controlled to achieve flexible switching between full power and half power, meeting the power requirements of different load devices. (3) From the perspective of internal integration, diode D1 and mechanical switch SW1 are integrated inside the base. This design makes the switch structure compact, reduces the connection of external components, and reduces signal interference and the probability of failure. The metal middle-pin input terminal is responsible for introducing external power, and the metal output terminal outputs the processed power to the load device. The entire power transmission path is clear and efficient, ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the switch and providing a high-quality power control solution for various devices. (4) Through the compatible application of electronic components and integrated circuits, in addition to having the original functions of traditional mechanical switches, the power parameters of the equipment can be automatically switched and changed when switching, directly meeting the different power requirements of the equipment.

[0066] This utility model has been described based on specific embodiments, but those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and equivalent substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of this utility model. Furthermore, to adapt to specific applications of this utility model, numerous modifications can be made without departing from its protection scope. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all embodiments falling within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A full-power or half-power variable power switch, characterized in that, include: The AC input terminal is A, the mechanical switch is SW1, the diode is D1, and the AC output terminal is A. The positive terminal of the diode is connected to pin x of the mechanical switch SW1, and the negative terminal of the diode is connected to pin y of the mechanical switch SW1 and pin 1 of the AC output terminal.

2. The full-power or half-power variable power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch is a rotary switch, comprising: a plastic rotor handle, a plastic upper cover, a metal input terminal, a metal half-power connection terminal, a plastic base, a first spring, a first steel ball, a second steel ball, a second spring, a PCB board, a plastic rear cover, and a metal output terminal. The plastic base houses a diode D1 and a mechanical switch SW1. The plastic rotor handle is fixed to the plastic upper cover via a snap-fit ​​structure or threaded connection. The plastic upper cover and the plastic base are connected in a sealed manner, with peripheral slots and protrusions engaging. The metal input terminal serves as a power input point and is connected to the PCB board via welding or crimping. The metal half-power connection terminal is connected to the PCB board via welding or crimping. The metal output terminal is connected to an external load via a wire. The first spring, the first steel ball, the second spring, and the second steel ball are symmetrically installed in grooves inside the plastic base.

3. The full-power or half-power variable power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch is a push-pull switch, which includes: a plastic back cover, a PCB board, a plastic base, a metal output terminal, a metal half-power connection terminal, a plastic top cover, a plastic push handle, a button hole, a spring, a steel ball, a silver contact, and a metal input terminal. The plastic base contains a diode D1 and a mechanical switch SW1. The metal input terminal A and the metal output terminal are fixed to the bottom of the plastic base to form a rigid connection. The PCB board is positioned by a positioning post and a snap-fit ​​structure provided on the inner side of the plastic base, and its solder pads are soldered to the metal terminal pins. The plastic push handle cooperates with the base guide rail through a bottom T-shaped slide groove to achieve linear reciprocating motion.

4. The full-power or half-power variable power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch is a rocker switch, comprising: a cover, a PCB board, a base, a steel sleeve, a spring, and a button. The PCB board has a metal input terminal A, a metal half-power connection terminal, a metal output terminal, and a metal moving contact. The base contains a diode D1 and a mechanical switch SW1. The metal input terminal A serves as a power input interface, responsible for introducing external power into the switch to provide electrical energy. The metal output terminal outputs the processed electrical energy to the load device. The cover and the base are connected by a snap-fit ​​connection. The metal input terminal, the metal half-power connection terminal, and the metal output terminal are all fixed to the base by snap-fit ​​connections. The metal moving contact is connected to the base via the spring, which provides elasticity to the metal moving contact, allowing it to remain in its initial position when no external force is applied. One end of the steel sleeve is connected to the button, and the other end of the steel sleeve indirectly acts on the metal moving contact. One end of the spring is fixed to the base, and the other end is connected to the button. The diode D1... The mechanical switch SW1 is integrated inside the base.

5. The full-power or half-power variable power switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lid is made of insulating material.

6. The full-power or half-power variable power switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The metal input terminal is made of metal.

7. The full-power or half-power variable power switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base is made of insulating material.

8. The full-power or half-power variable power switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base is also provided with a resistor R1, which is connected to the line between the metal half-power connection terminal and the metal output terminal.

9. The full-power or half-power variable power switch according to claim 8, characterized in that, The base also contains a capacitor C1, which is connected in parallel with the resistor R1 to form a filter circuit.

10. The full-power or half-power variable power switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a power display module, which is used to display the current power value.

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