A three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges

Abstract

This utility model discloses a three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges, relating to the field of drill bit technology. It includes a clamping component, a primary cutting component, and a secondary cutting component. Preferably, the outer wall of the primary cutting component is uniformly provided with a discharge groove, one end of the primary cutting component has a central positioning tip, and one end of the primary cutting component has several primary cutting edges arranged circumferentially. A secondary cutting edge is provided on the outer layer of the primary cutting edges. This utility model's composite step drill integrates drilling and reaming, first reaming the countersunk hole and then drilling the solid hole, resulting in stable machining. By combining the reamer and twist drill into one tool, the machining process is more stable, avoiding resonance caused by increased load, weak equipment rigidity, and unreasonable tooling fixtures. It also solves the problems of deviation and unstable cutting that occur when reaming after drilling in traditional methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drill bit technology, specifically a three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, especially in the production of key components such as automobile engines and compressors, the crankshaft, as a core rotating component, directly determines the performance, lifespan, and reliability of the entire powertrain through its manufacturing precision. The crankshaft typically has flange structures at both ends for connecting flywheels, pulleys, or other components. These flanges usually require a set of high-precision, high-coaxiality bolt holes, necessitating the machining of these holes with a drill bit.

[0003] When drilling crankshaft flanges, the drilling process requires multiple steps (drilling-reaming-boring). Frequent tool changes lead to the accumulation of positioning errors, resulting in poor hole cylindricity and straightness. Multiple clamping and tool changes inevitably introduce repeated positioning errors, making it difficult to guarantee the coaxiality, perpendicularity, and other geometric tolerances between various machined parts of the hole (such as the pilot hole, step surface, and chamfer), which affects assembly quality and connection strength. To address this, a three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges, comprising a clamping component, a primary cutting component, and a secondary cutting component. Preferably, the outer wall of the primary cutting component is uniformly provided with a discharge groove, one end of the primary cutting component is provided with a central positioning tip, one end of the primary cutting component is provided with a plurality of primary cutting edges arranged in a circle, and the outer layer of the primary cutting edges is provided with secondary cutting edges.

[0006] Preferably, one end of the outer wall of the secondary cutting part is provided with a primary transition slope, the outer wall of the secondary cutting part is provided with a first-stage stepped cutting edge, and the outer wall of the secondary cutting part is provided with a secondary discharge groove.

[0007] Preferably, the outer wall of the primary cutting component is provided with a second discharge trough for discharging the material cut off by the secondary cutting blade, and the interior of the second discharge trough is connected to the interior of the primary discharge trough.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the secondary cutting component is provided with a multi-stage transition slope, and the outer wall of the multi-stage transition slope is provided with a multi-stage inclined cutting edge.

[0009] Preferably, the first discharge trough is provided with a first protrusion, and the second discharge trough is provided with a second protrusion.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the primary cutting component has a No. 1 liquid outlet hole, and one end of the secondary cutting component has a No. 2 liquid outlet hole;

[0011] Preferably, one end of the outer wall of the primary cutting part is provided with an arc, and the interior of the primary cutting part is provided with a chip groove.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] This three-flute composite step drill is used for machining steel crankshaft flanges. The composite step drill integrates drilling and reaming, first reaming the countersunk hole and then drilling the solid hole, resulting in smooth machining. By combining the reamer and twist drill into one tool, the machining process is more stable. It avoids resonance caused by increased load, weak equipment rigidity, and unreasonable tooling fixtures during machining, and also solves the problems of deviation and unstable cutting that occur when reaming after drilling in traditional methods.

[0014] Meanwhile, the V-shaped cutting edge design formed by the first and second cutting edges effectively solves the problems of chip breakage and chip entanglement in the machining of steel crankshafts. At the same time, the second-stage discharge groove is separated from the first discharge groove, allowing the iron chips to move smoothly and steadily in the hole expansion, reducing the impact of iron chips generated by the countersinking on the hole expansion. The V-shaped cutting edge design causes the iron chips to automatically curl and then break, thus effectively solving the chip breakage and chip removal problem. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an isometric drawing of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is an isometric drawing of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is an isometric drawing of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is an isometric drawing of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is an isometric drawing of Embodiment 4 of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 This is the front view of Embodiment 4 of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Clamping component; 2. Primary cutting component; 201. Center positioning tip; 202. Primary cutting edge; 203. Secondary cutting edge; 204. Secondary discharge groove; 3. Secondary cutting component; 301. Primary transition slope; 302. First stepped cutting edge; 303. Secondary discharge groove; 304. Secondary protrusion; 305. Multi-stage transition slope; 306. Multi-stage slope cutting edge; 4. First discharge groove; 401. First protrusion; 5. Arc; 6. Chip groove. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] like Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a three-blade composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges, including a clamping part 1, a primary cutting part 2 and a secondary cutting part 3. The outer wall of the primary cutting part 2 is uniformly provided with a first discharge groove 4. One end of the primary cutting part 2 is provided with a central positioning tip 201. Several primary cutting blades 202 are arranged in a circle at one end of the primary cutting part 2. The outer layer of the primary cutting blades 202 is provided with secondary cutting blades 203.

[0024] One end of the outer wall of the secondary cutting part 3 is provided with a primary transition slope 301, the outer wall of the secondary cutting part 3 is provided with a first stepped cutting edge 302, and the outer wall of the secondary cutting part 3 is provided with a secondary discharge groove 303.

[0025] The outer wall of the primary cutting part 2 is provided with a second discharge trough 204 for discharging the material cut by the secondary cutting blade 203. The interior of the second discharge trough 204 is connected to the interior of the first discharge trough 4.

[0026] One end of the secondary cutting part 3 is provided with a multi-stage transition slope 305, and the outer wall of the multi-stage transition slope 305 is provided with a multi-stage inclined cutting edge 306.

[0027] The first discharge chute 4 has a first protrusion 401 inside, and the second discharge chute 303 has a second protrusion 304 inside.

[0028] One end of the first-stage cutting part 2 has a No. 1 liquid outlet hole, and one end of the second-stage cutting part 3 has a No. 2 liquid outlet hole.

[0029] One end of the outer wall of the first-stage cutting part 2 is provided with an arc 5, and the inside of the first-stage cutting part 2 is provided with a chip groove 6.

[0030] First, drilling is performed. Through the design of the first-stage cutting edge 202 and the second-stage cutting edge 203 on the first-stage cutting part 2, a solid hole is drilled first. Then, the hole is enlarged by the first-stage stepped cutting edge 302 on the second-stage cutting part 3. Since it is necessary to drill through holes on the crankshaft or flange, there is no need to worry about the inconsistent inner wall size of the through holes drilled by the three-blade composite step drill. By continuously drilling deeper with this step drill, the inner wall size of the through holes on the crankshaft flange can be kept consistent.

[0031] Example 1: During hole enlargement, the position design of the first stepped cutting edge 302 ensures that the first stepped cutting edge 302 will first come into contact with the material. Hole enlargement is achieved by rotating the first stepped cutting edge 302. The secondary discharge groove 303 is separated from the first discharge groove 4, thereby avoiding the material removed by the primary cutting part 2 during hole enlargement from affecting the cutting operation of the first stepped cutting edge 302.

[0032] Example 2: Based on Example 1, a second discharge trough 204 is provided. The second discharge trough 204 can guide and discharge the material cut by the secondary cutting blade 203. At the same time, the second discharge trough 204 and the first discharge trough 4 are internally connected, so that the two materials can come into contact with each other, thereby realizing the function of contact cutting. Meanwhile, the cutting edge design of the first cutting blade and the secondary cutting blade 203 forms a V-shaped structure. The precise control of the front angle and back angle of the cutting edge makes the iron filings curl in the early stage of formation.

[0033] Example 3: If the hole enlargement size is large during the hole enlargement process, the method in Example 3 is adopted, which uses a multi-level transition slope 305 and a multi-level slope cutting blade 306 to divide the hole enlargement size into multiple regions for multi-region cutting.

[0034] Example 4: The oblique cutting structure is set as a three-blade structure. The three-blade design facilitates stable self-centering cutting during processing, especially for pre-processed parts, which has a corrective effect. A chip groove 6 is provided to discharge light cutting blocks and iron chips. An arc 5 is provided at one end of the outer wall of the first-stage cutting part 2. The arc 5 can protect the cutting tip and enhance its strength. A double-edge design of first-stage cutting edge 202 and second-stage cutting edge 203 is adopted. The double-edge design can change the shape of iron chips during cutting and achieve good self-chip breaking.

[0035] The V-shaped cutting edge design formed by the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge 203 effectively solves the problems of chip breakage and chip entanglement in the machining of steel crankshafts. At the same time, the second-stage discharge groove 303 is separated from the first discharge groove 4, allowing the iron chips to move smoothly and steadily in the reaming process, reducing the impact of iron chips generated by the countersinking on the reaming. The V-shaped cutting edge design causes the iron chips to automatically curl and then break, thus effectively solving the chip breakage and chip removal problem. This composite step drill adopts drilling and reaming in one, first reaming the countersinking and then drilling the solid hole, which makes the machining stable. Combining the reamer and twist drill into one tool makes the machining more stable and avoids resonance caused by increased load, weak equipment rigidity and unreasonable fixtures during machining. It also solves the problems of deviation and unstable cutting that occur when reaming after drilling in the traditional way.

[0036] By setting a first protrusion 401 and a second protrusion 304 inside the first discharge trough 4 and the second discharge trough 303 respectively, an external force can be applied to the smooth iron chips, causing the iron chips to curl and achieve auxiliary breakage, thereby effectively ensuring the problem of chip breaking and chip removal. The second discharge trough 204 on the outer wall of the first cutting part 2 is connected to the inside of the first discharge trough 4 to form a material contact and material breaking structure. With the first protrusion 401 and the second protrusion 304, an external force is applied to the iron chips, causing them to automatically curl and break, completely solving the problems of chip breaking and chip entanglement and keeping the machined surface clean.

[0037] When machining the through-hole on the crankshaft flange through the liquid outlet, lubricant is continuously added to the inner wall of the through-hole. The lubricant also has a cooling effect. By continuously introducing the lubricant, the temperature during drilling is reduced. At the same time, the through-hole is not set on the primary cutting edge 202 and the secondary cutting edge 203. The second liquid outlet is located on the transition slope. The first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet are respectively set on one end of the primary cutting part 2 and one end of the secondary cutting part 3. When drilling a solid hole, lubricant can be poured into the interior of the solid hole through the first liquid outlet. After drilling the through hole, since the first liquid outlet exceeds the interior range of the through hole, lubricant is poured into the inner wall of the through hole through the second liquid outlet.

[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges, comprising a clamping component (1), a primary cutting component (2), and a secondary cutting component (3), characterized in that: The outer wall of the primary cutting component (2) is uniformly provided with a discharge groove (4), one end of the primary cutting component (2) is provided with a central positioning tip (201), one end of the primary cutting component (2) is provided with a number of primary cutting blades (202) arranged in a circle, and the outer layer of the primary cutting blades (202) is provided with secondary cutting blades (203).

2. The three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the outer wall of the secondary cutting part (3) is provided with a primary transition slope (301), the outer wall of the secondary cutting part (3) is provided with a first-stage stepped cutting edge (302), and the outer wall of the secondary cutting part (3) is provided with a secondary discharge groove (303).

3. The three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the primary cutting part (2) is provided with a second discharge trough (204) for discharging the material cut by the secondary cutting blade (203). The interior of the second discharge trough (204) is connected to the interior of the first discharge trough (4).

4. The three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the secondary cutting part (3) is provided with a multi-level transition slope (305), and the outer wall of the multi-level transition slope (305) is provided with a multi-level slope cutting edge (306).

5. The three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first discharge trough (4) is provided with a first protrusion (401), and the second discharge trough (303) is provided with a second protrusion (304).

6. The three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the first-stage cutting component (2) has a No. 1 liquid outlet hole, and one end of the second-stage cutting component (3) has a No. 2 liquid outlet hole.

7. The three-flute composite step drill for machining steel crankshaft flanges according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the outer wall of the first-stage cutting part (2) is provided with an arc (5), and the interior of the first-stage cutting part (2) is provided with a chip groove (6).

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