Feeding mechanism and extruder

Abstract

This utility model discloses a feeding mechanism and an extruder, belonging to the field of extruder technology. The feeding mechanism includes a first outer shell containing a feeding valve. The feeding valve is driven to rotate by a first motor and connected to a cover plate. The cover plate is displaced by a cylinder to drive the feeding valve in conjunction. The feeding valve encloses a feeding space, within which a scraper is installed. The scraper moves synchronously within the feeding space as the feeding valve rotates. The extruder includes a storage mechanism and an extrusion mechanism, both connected to the material cavity of the first outer shell. The storage mechanism includes a material box and a stirring section, while the extrusion mechanism includes a second outer shell and an extrusion auger. This utility model effectively avoids material jamming and clogging problems by using a scraper to clean residual material in the feeding space in real time, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of extruder technology, specifically to a feeding mechanism and an extruder. Background Technology

[0002] Extruders are key equipment in the field of material forming and processing. Their core working mechanism involves applying extrusion pressure to the material through a screw (auger), forcing the material to be extruded from a die of a specific shape to form the desired form. In this processing flow, the material needs to be precisely conveyed from one end of the screw into the barrel. This material conveying process relies on a feeding mechanism. Currently, the conventional feeding mechanism structure in the industry is relatively simple. It typically has a storage tank at the end of the screw, with a material outlet at the bottom. A feeding mechanism is installed at the outlet, and the connection to the barrel and the on / off control of material conveying are achieved through the switching of the feeding mechanism.

[0003] However, the raw materials used in extrusion processing are mostly granular solid materials, which are prone to jamming and clogging during the feeding process. Existing feeding structures generally lack effective self-cleaning functions and cannot handle material residues in the feeding channel or related spaces in real time. Once a jamming failure occurs, the feeding mechanism must be disassembled and manually cleaned after the machine is stopped. This not only increases the complexity of equipment maintenance but also seriously disrupts the continuity of production, thereby restricting overall production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a feeding mechanism and an extruder to solve the problem that the feeding mechanism of existing extruders lacks self-cleaning capability, thereby causing material blockage and jamming during the production process.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: On the one hand, the present invention provides a feeding mechanism, including: a first housing, the first housing having a valve chamber and a material chamber, the valve chamber having a feeding valve, the feeding valve being driven to rotate by a first motor, the feeding valve being connected to a cover plate, the cover plate being driven to move by a cylinder; wherein, the feeding valve has a feeding space, the feeding space having a scraper, the scraper moving within the feeding space when the feeding valve rotates.

[0006] Optionally, the feeding valve includes a valve shaft and several valve blades fixed on the valve shaft, and a valve plate is also fixed on the valve shaft. The valve shaft, valve blades and valve plate together form a feeding space.

[0007] Optionally, the valve plate has a through hole, and the feeding space has a reciprocating screw rotatably connected to the through hole, and the scraper is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw.

[0008] Optionally, a rotating shaft is fixed on the valve shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the cover plate through a bearing. A sliding rod is also fixed on the cover plate. The sliding rod is slidably connected in the first fixing part, and the first fixing part is fixed on the first housing. The end of the sliding rod away from the cover plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the cylinder.

[0009] Optionally, there is a gap between the valve plate and the cover plate, and a toothed ring fixed on the cover plate is provided in the gap. Several gears are meshed on the outer circumference of the toothed ring, and the gears are fixed on the reciprocating lead screw.

[0010] Optionally, a second fixing part is fixed on one side of the valve plate that is close to each other, and the two second fixing parts are connected by a plurality of guide rods. A third fixing part is fixed on both end faces of the scraper, and the third fixing part is slidably connected to the guide rod. The third fixing part and the second fixing part are connected by a flexible part, and the flexible part is also slidably connected to the guide rod.

[0011] Optionally, the rotating shaft has a through shaft hole, the output shaft of the first motor is inserted into the shaft hole, a protrusion is fixed in the shaft hole, and a groove for accommodating the protrusion is provided on the output shaft of the first motor.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an extruder, comprising: a material storage mechanism having an output cavity connected to the material cavity of a first housing; and an extrusion mechanism having an input cavity connected to the material cavity of the first housing.

[0013] Optionally, the storage mechanism includes a hopper fixedly connected to the first housing, and a stirring part is rotatably disposed inside the hopper, the stirring part being driven by a second motor.

[0014] Optionally, the extrusion mechanism includes a second housing and a base supporting the second housing. An extrusion auger is provided inside the second housing, and the extrusion auger is driven by a third motor.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: In the feeding mechanism of this utility model, the first outer shell and the feeding valve together form a feeding space. The scraper in the feeding space can move back and forth as the feeding valve rotates relative to the first outer shell. This design allows the scraper to continuously and dynamically scrape and agitate the material in the feeding space during the feeding operation. This not only breaks up any possible material accumulation structure but also effectively removes material residue from the inner wall of the feeding space. It fundamentally avoids material jamming and clogging caused by the adhesion and accumulation of granular solid materials, ensuring a continuous and smooth feeding process, reducing unplanned downtime caused by material blockage, and significantly improving overall production efficiency.

[0016] Meanwhile, the feeding valve of this invention is directly connected to the cover plate, which is driven by a cylinder to achieve displacement relative to the first outer shell. When the equipment needs maintenance, there is no need to disassemble the entire feeding mechanism; the cover plate and feeding valve can be pulled out together by the cylinder, quickly exposing the core components of the feeding valve and feeding space. This design greatly simplifies the maintenance operation process, reduces the operational difficulty for maintenance personnel, shortens the equipment downtime for maintenance, reduces the impact of maintenance operations on production progress, and significantly improves the convenience and efficiency of equipment maintenance.

[0017] In summary, the feeding mechanism and extruder of this utility model solve the problems of easy material jamming and blockage during the feeding process of the extruder in the prior art, which require frequent shutdowns for cleaning, as well as the complex maintenance and low efficiency of the feeding mechanism, thus providing stable and efficient equipment support for extrusion processing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a feeding mechanism and an extruder according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of a feeding mechanism and extruder according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the feeding mechanism and extruder of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a partial exploded perspective view of a feeding mechanism and extruder according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This utility model relates to a feeding mechanism and an extruder. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 This utility model relates to a feeding mechanism and an extruder. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0025] Figure 7 This utility model relates to a feeding mechanism and an extruder. Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Material storage mechanism; 11. Material bin; 12. Mixing unit; 13. Second motor; 2. Extrusion mechanism; 21. Second outer shell; 22. Base; 3. First outer shell; 4. Feed valve; 41. Valve shaft; 42. Valve leaf; 43. Valve plate; 44. Through hole; 45. Rotary shaft; 451. Raised bar; 5. Cover plate; 51. First fixing part; 52. Slide rod; 53. Cylinder; 6. Reciprocating lead screw; 61. Second fixing part; 62. Guide rod; 63. Flexible part; 64. Third fixing part; 7. Gear; 71. Gear ring; 8. First motor; 81. Groove; 9. Scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] As mentioned earlier, the raw materials used in extrusion processing are mostly granular solid materials, which are prone to jamming and clogging during the feeding process. Existing feeding structures generally lack effective self-cleaning functions and cannot handle material residues in the feeding channel or related spaces in real time. Once a jamming failure occurs, the feeding mechanism must be disassembled and manually cleaned after the machine is stopped. This not only increases the complexity of equipment maintenance but also seriously disrupts the continuity of production, thereby restricting overall production efficiency.

[0029] To address this issue, this utility model provides a feeding mechanism and an extruder. By adding a scraper to the feeding mechanism, which cleans synchronously with the opening and closing of the feeding mechanism, the problems in the prior art are solved. This utility model solves the problem in the following way.

[0030] Example 1: Please refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a feeding mechanism, which includes a first housing 3. The first housing 3 has a through valve chamber and a through material chamber. The valve chamber is horizontally arranged and the material chamber is vertically arranged. The valve chamber and the material chamber are interconnected to form a cross-shaped cavity.

[0031] like Figures 2 to 3As shown in this embodiment, a feeding valve 4 is provided inside the valve cavity. The feeding valve 4 includes a valve shaft 41, which is hollow and has several evenly distributed valve vanes 42 fixed on its shaft. Valve plates 43 are fixed on both end faces of the valve shaft 41. The valve plates 43, valve vanes 42, and valve shaft 41 together form a fan-shaped feeding space (there are several in total). In use, one of the feeding spaces is connected to the opening of the material cavity. By rotating the valve shaft 41, the feeding space is switched to connect with the opening of the material cavity, thereby receiving the material. The received material falls into the feeding space under the action of gravity, and then, following the rotation of the valve shaft 41, continues to fall out of the first outer shell 3 under the action of gravity, and finally enters the interior of the extruder barrel.

[0032] like Figures 2 to 3 , Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the rotation of the feeding valve 4 relies on a first motor 8 fixed to the outside of the first housing 3 (the first motor 8 is fixed to one side of the valve cavity of the first housing 3). A groove 81 is formed on the output shaft of the first motor 8. Correspondingly, a rotating shaft 45 is fixed in the hollow shaft hole of the valve shaft 41. The rotating shaft 45 also has a shaft hole, and a protrusion 451 is provided at the position corresponding to the groove 81. In use, the protrusion 451 is engaged in the groove 81, and the output shaft of the first motor 8 rotates, thereby driving the rotating shaft 45 and the feeding valve 4 on it to rotate.

[0033] like Figures 2 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a cover plate 5 is provided on the side of the valve cavity away from the first motor 8, covering the valve cavity. The cover plate 5 has a plate hole in the center, and the rotating shaft 45 is rotatably installed in the plate hole through a bearing. When the rotating shaft 45 drives the feeding valve 4 to rotate, the cover plate 5 and its plate hole remain stationary and serve as a support for the other end, thereby supporting the rotation of the rotating shaft 45.

[0034] Meanwhile, a sliding rod 52 is fixed on both sides of the cover plate 5. The sliding rod 52 slides within the first fixing part 51, which is fixed to the outside of the first outer shell 3. A cylinder 53 is also fixed to the first fixing part 51, and the output end of the cylinder 53 is fixed to the end of the sliding rod 52 away from the cover plate 5. Therefore, when the cylinder 53 extends, the cover plate 5 moves toward the first outer shell 3 until it closes. At this time, the first motor 8 can be driven to rotate the feeding valve 4 to achieve feeding (for sealing purposes, in this state, the cover plate 5 and the first outer shell 3 can be locked together with several screws). When the cylinder 53 retracts, the cover plate 5 moves away from the first outer shell 3 and moves the feeding valve 4 until it is completely pulled out (during the horizontal translation of the feeding valve 4, the output shaft of the first motor 8 is long enough so that the protrusion 451 on the rotating shaft 45 can always be engaged in the groove 81). At this time, the feeding valve 4 can be cleaned.

[0035] In this first embodiment, as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, a scraper 9 with a cross-sectional shape adapted to the scraper 9 is provided in the aforementioned feeding space, and a displacement hole is opened in the middle of the scraper 9. A through hole 44 is opened on the valve plate 43 of the feeding valve 4, and a reciprocating screw 6 is connected between the through holes 44 by a bearing. The reciprocating screw 6 is inserted into the displacement hole.

[0036] The reciprocating screw 6 has two threaded grooves, which are spirally distributed in opposite clockwise directions on the shaft of the reciprocating screw 6 (for example, looking from one end face of the reciprocating screw 6 to the other end face, one thread is spirally distributed counterclockwise and the other is spirally distributed clockwise). This causes the two threaded grooves to converge on the shaft of the reciprocating screw 6, forming several convergence points. Correspondingly, a slider is rotatably connected in the displacement hole of the scraper 9, and the slider is slidably connected in the threaded groove of the reciprocating screw 6. Therefore, when the reciprocating screw 6 rotates continuously in one direction for one revolution, the slider slides a distance of one thread pitch in the threaded groove, thereby driving the scraper 9 to move. When the scraper 9 moves from one end face of the feeding space to abut against the other end face, under the influence of the abutment force, the scraper 9 no longer moves. At this time, the reciprocating screw 6 continues to rotate, thereby driving the slider to switch at the convergence point, switching from one threaded groove to another, thus achieving a displacement in the opposite direction to the previous displacement. This cycle repeats, allowing the scraper 9 to move back and forth within the feeding space, thereby crushing and scraping away the accumulated material and effectively preventing material blockage and jamming in the feeding space.

[0037] In this first embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, there is a gap between the valve plate 43 and the cover plate 5. A toothed ring 71 fixed on the cover plate 5 is provided in this gap. Several gears 7 are meshed on the outer circumference of the toothed ring 71, and the gears 7 are fixed on the reciprocating screw 6. When the valve plate 43 rotates with the feeding valve 4, the reciprocating screw 6 also rotates with it, thereby driving the gears 7 to revolve around the toothed ring 71. During the revolution, since the gears 7 mesh with the toothed ring 71, the gears 7 can rotate around the reciprocating screw 6 under the action of meshing, thereby driving the rotation of the reciprocating screw 6, and thus realizing the reciprocating motion of the scraper 9 in the feeding space.

[0038] Therefore, in this embodiment, material enters from the top of the material chamber and passes through the valve chamber into the feeding space of the feeding valve 4. The first motor 8 drives the feeding valve 4 to rotate, which in turn drives the feeding space to rotate, moving it from the top of the material chamber to the bottom, thus discharging the material. During this process, the reciprocating screw 6 revolves around the output shaft of the first motor 8, following the feeding valve 4, and simultaneously rotates on its own axis due to the meshing of the gear 7 and the gear ring 71. During the rotation of the reciprocating screw 6, the scraper 9 on it reciprocates within the feeding space due to its connection, thereby scraping away the material in the feeding space. This avoids the risk of material blockage or jamming.

[0039] Implementation List 2: Based on the above embodiments, in order to further clarify and completely explain the technical solutions therein, this utility model also provides an embodiment two. For example... Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in this second embodiment, a second fixing part 61 is fixed on one side of the valve plate 43 that is close to each other. The two second fixing parts 61 are connected by a plurality of guide rods 62. A third fixing part 64 is fixed on both end faces of the scraper 9. The third fixing part 64 is slidably connected to the guide rods 62. The third fixing part 64 and the second fixing part 61 are connected by a flexible part 63. The flexible part 63 is also slidably connected to the guide rods 62.

[0040] The flexible part 63 is made of a deformable material, such as yarn, cloth, or mesh, allowing it to expand or contract during the displacement of the scraper 9. This isolates the reciprocating screw 6 from the material, effectively preventing the material from getting stuck in the threaded groove of the reciprocating screw 6. This extends the service life of the reciprocating screw 6 and the entire equipment.

[0041] Example 3: Based on the unified inventive concept, this utility model also provides an extruder, which includes a material storage mechanism 1 and an extrusion mechanism 2. The material storage mechanism 1 has an output cavity that is connected to the material cavity of the first outer shell 3; the material storage mechanism 1 includes a material box 11 fixedly connected to the first outer shell 3, and a stirring part 12 is rotatably disposed inside the material box 11, which is driven by a second motor 13.

[0042] The extrusion mechanism 2 has an input chamber that is connected to the material chamber of the first housing 3. The extrusion mechanism 2 includes a second housing 21 and a base 22 that supports the second housing 21. An extrusion auger is provided inside the second housing 21 and is driven by a third motor.

[0043] Therefore, in summary, compared with the prior art, this utility model and its embodiments have the following advantages, including but not limited to: In the feeding mechanism of this utility model, the first outer shell 3 and the feeding valve 4 together form a feeding space. The scraper 9 in the feeding space can move back and forth as the feeding valve 4 rotates relative to the first outer shell 3. This design allows the scraper 9 to continuously and dynamically scrape and agitate the material in the feeding space during the feeding operation. This not only breaks up any possible accumulation of material but also effectively removes material residue from the inner wall of the feeding space. It fundamentally avoids the jamming and blockage caused by the adhesion and accumulation of granular solid materials, ensuring a continuous and smooth feeding process, reducing unplanned downtime caused by material blockage, and significantly improving overall production efficiency.

[0044] Meanwhile, the feeding valve 4 of this invention is directly connected to the cover plate 5, which is driven by the cylinder 53 to achieve displacement relative to the first outer shell 3. When the equipment needs maintenance, there is no need to disassemble the entire feeding mechanism; the cover plate 5, along with the feeding valve 4, can be pulled out as a whole by simply driving the cylinder 53, quickly exposing the feeding valve 4 and the core components of the feeding space. This design greatly simplifies the maintenance operation process, reduces the operational difficulty for maintenance personnel, shortens the equipment downtime for maintenance, reduces the impact of maintenance operations on production progress, and significantly improves the convenience and efficiency of equipment maintenance.

[0045] In summary, the feeding mechanism and extruder of this utility model solve the problems of easy material jamming and blockage during the feeding process of the extruder in the prior art, which require frequent shutdowns for cleaning, as well as the complex maintenance and low efficiency of the feeding mechanism, thus providing stable and efficient equipment support for extrusion processing.

[0046] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of this utility model and its equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A feeding mechanism, characterized in that, include: The first outer shell (3) has a valve chamber and a material chamber inside. The valve chamber is equipped with a feeding valve (4). The feeding valve (4) is driven to rotate by the first motor (8). The feeding valve (4) is connected to the cover plate (5). The cover plate (5) is driven to move by the cylinder (53). The feeding valve (4) has a feeding space, and a scraper (9) is provided in the feeding space. The scraper (9) moves within the feeding space when the feeding valve (4) rotates.

2. The feeding mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding valve (4) includes a valve shaft (41) and several valve blades (42) fixed on the valve shaft (41). A valve plate (43) is also fixed on the valve shaft (41). The valve shaft (41), valve blades (42) and valve plate (43) together form a feeding space.

3. A feeding mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The valve plate (43) has a through hole (44), and the feeding space is provided with a reciprocating screw (6) rotatably connected in the through hole (44). The scraper (9) is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw (6).

4. A feeding mechanism as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A rotating shaft (45) is fixed on the valve shaft (41). The rotating shaft (45) is connected to the cover plate (5) through a bearing. A sliding rod (52) is also fixed on the cover plate (5). The sliding rod (52) is slidably connected inside the first fixing part (51). The first fixing part (51) is fixed on the first outer shell (3). The end of the sliding rod (52) away from the cover plate (5) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the cylinder (53).

5. A feeding mechanism as described in claim 3, characterized in that, There is a gap between the valve plate (43) and the cover plate (5), and a toothed ring (71) fixed on the cover plate (5) is provided in the gap. Several gears (7) are meshed on the outer periphery of the toothed ring (71), and the gears (7) are fixed on the reciprocating screw (6).

6. A feeding mechanism as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The valve plates (43) are fixed with a second fixing part (61) on one side close to each other. The two second fixing parts (61) are connected by a number of guide rods (62). The scraper (9) is fixed with a third fixing part (64) on both sides. The third fixing part (64) is slidably connected to the guide rod (62). The third fixing part (64) and the second fixing part (61) are connected by a flexible part (63). The flexible part (63) is also slidably connected to the guide rod (62).

7. A feeding mechanism as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (45) has a through shaft hole, the output shaft of the first motor (8) is inserted into the shaft hole, a protrusion (451) is fixed in the shaft hole, and a groove (81) for accommodating the protrusion (451) is opened on the output shaft of the first motor (8).

8. An extruder, characterized in that, include: The storage mechanism (1) has an output cavity that is connected to the material cavity of the first housing (3); The extrusion mechanism (2) has an input cavity that is connected to the material cavity of the first housing (3).

9. An extruder as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The storage mechanism (1) includes a hopper (11) fixedly connected to the first outer shell (3), and a stirring part (12) is rotatably arranged inside the hopper (11), which is driven by a second motor (13).

10. An extruder as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The extrusion mechanism (2) includes a second housing (21) and a base (22) supporting the second housing (21). The second housing (21) is provided with an extrusion auger, which is driven by a third motor.

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