A soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile cutting experimental device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a dual-chamber soil preferential flow infiltration and soil profile cutting experimental device, belonging to the technical field of soil infiltration experimental equipment. It includes a dual-chamber infiltration experimental module and a soil profile cutting module. The dual-chamber infiltration experimental module consists of a symmetrically arranged first chamber and a second chamber. Both the first and second chambers include a main side plate, a bottom plate, side plate flanges, and a connecting flange. The main side plates are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the chambers. A groove is formed inside the connecting flange, and a middle partition plate is detachably connected inside the groove. Vertical guide grooves and horizontal guide grooves are formed inside the main side plates, and reinforcing plates are fixedly connected inside the vertical and horizontal guide grooves. This device uses a dual-chamber synchronous infiltration comparison method, achieving high-precision horizontal and vertical cutting through the dual guide grooves. The inner side plate has a pre-reserved positioning opening to maintain soil stability. Multi-dimensional preferential flow analysis can be completed with a single sample loading, significantly improving experimental efficiency and data comparability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of soil infiltration experimental equipment, specifically to a soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile cutting experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] Preferential flow in soil is a crucial phenomenon of non-uniform transport of water and solutes within the soil, and its study is of vital importance for agricultural irrigation, pollutant migration, and ecological restoration. Indoor staining and tracing infiltration experiments are a core method for revealing the mechanisms of preferential flow. These experiments use staining agents to mark water transport pathways and combine this with soil column infiltration and profile analysis to quantitatively characterize the development features of preferential flow. However, existing experimental setups still have significant shortcomings in terms of technological integration, operational efficiency, and data comparability. Specifically, current mainstream soil column infiltration devices (such as three-valve plexiglass containers and internal / external frame head control devices) are mostly single-chamber structures, supporting staining and tracing experiments only on a single soil column.

[0003] Traditional cutting devices often employ single-blade vertical cutting or manual wire sawing. During the cutting process, uneven tension can easily lead to soil profile fracture and structural disturbance, especially for sandy soils or soils with large pores, resulting in low cutting efficiency. Furthermore, existing devices require separate operations for horizontal and vertical cutting, leading to prolonged experimental time and difficulty in aligning the cut surfaces, affecting the continuity of subsequent infiltration experiments. Traditional soil profile cutting devices mostly only support vertical cutting (such as the ruler-guided layer trimming method), while horizontal cutting relies on external auxiliary clamps or manual hand tools, resulting in poor operational stability and easy introduction of human error. Moreover, for sloping soils or layered soils with significant anisotropy, single-direction cutting cannot fully analyze the three-dimensional spatial distribution characteristics of preferential flow. Therefore, to address the above technical problems, a dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile cutting experimental device for preferential flow in soil is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile cutting experimental device, which sets up a dual-chamber synchronous infiltration comparison method, achieves high-precision horizontal and vertical cutting through bidirectional guide channels, and has reserved positioning openings in the inner side plate to maintain soil stability. Multi-dimensional preferential flow analysis can be completed with a single sample loading, which greatly improves experimental efficiency and data comparability.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile cutting experimental device includes a dual-chamber infiltration experimental module and a soil profile cutting module. The dual-chamber infiltration experimental module consists of a first chamber and a second chamber arranged symmetrically. Both the first and second chambers include a main side plate, a bottom plate, a side plate flange, and a connecting flange. The main side plates are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the chamber. The bottom plate, main side plates, side plate flanges, and connecting flanges are all fixed to an integral frame with adhesive. A groove is formed on the inner side of the connecting flange, and a middle partition plate is detachably connected to the inner side of the groove. Vertical guide grooves and horizontal guide grooves are formed on the inner side of the main side plates, and reinforcing plates are fixedly connected in the vertical guide grooves and horizontal guide grooves.

[0006] Preferably, the first and second compartments are made of transparent acrylic material, and the tops of the first and second compartments are not covered. The side plate flanges and connecting flanges are installed on the inside sides of the first and second compartments. The external threads of the side plate flanges are connected to screw assemblies, and the external side plate flanges are detachably connected to the inner and outer side plates via screw assemblies.

[0007] Preferably, the number of vertical guide grooves and horizontal guide grooves is several groups and they are evenly distributed. The reinforcing sheet is made of stainless steel and the surface of the reinforcing sheet is coated with PTFE.

[0008] Preferably, the inner side plate has a through opening on its exterior, and the through opening is rectangular. Positioning holes are provided on both sides of the through opening, and the positioning holes are square. The center of the positioning holes is aligned with the center of the horizontal guide groove.

[0009] Preferably, the soil profile cutting module includes a cutting blade, a guide rod, a limiting rod, and a handle. The guide rod is slidably connected to the inner side of a vertical guide groove or a horizontal guide groove. The guide rod has a slot on its outer side, and the cutting blade is embedded in two sets of slots on both sides. The cutting blade has a cutting edge at its end. The cutting blade is a rectangular plate structure made of stainless steel. The guide rod is a round tube structure, and the limiting rod has a square cross-section.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting rod is welded to the outside of the guide rod, and the handle is fixedly connected to the outside of the handle, and the handle is welded to the guide rod.

[0011] Preferably, the handle is composed of a first plastic shell and a second plastic shell, the handle core is a rectangular piece made of stainless steel, and the handle core is fixed inside the first plastic shell and the second plastic shell by aluminum rivets and epoxy structural adhesive.

[0012] Preferably, a drainage hole is provided on the lower side of the main side plate.

[0013] The technical solution of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention proposes a dual-chamber soil preferential flow infiltration and soil profile cutting experimental device. It employs a dual-chamber infiltration experimental module to simultaneously perform staining and tracing preferential flow infiltration experiments on different soil samples or the same soil sample. The simultaneous dual-chamber infiltration experiment effectively improves experimental efficiency. Due to the integrated horizontal and vertical soil profile cutting guide grooves, preferential flow staining characteristics of profiles in different directions (horizontal and vertical) can be obtained simultaneously. Because the guide rod of the soil profile cutting module has a high degree of fit with the guide groove of the main side plate of the dual chamber, the guidance is precise, resulting in higher cutting accuracy and a smoother cut soil profile. The use of a single stainless steel plate as the soil cutting blade facilitates the excavation of the outer soil after soil profile cutting, effectively improving the stability of the experimental soil during excavation. The use of inner and outer side plates on the width and height surfaces of the chamber, with openings on the inner side plate corresponding to the cutting blade and guide rod, eliminates the need to remove the inner side plate during horizontal cutting, effectively improving the stability of the soil surface during cutting. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the guide groove of this utility model; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view; Figure 7 This is a side view of the inner side plate structure of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a side view of the main side plate structure of this utility model; Figure 9 This is an elevation view of the soil profile cutting module of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the soil profile cutting module of this utility model; Figure 11 This is an enlarged view of the cross-section of the guide rod of this utility model; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the handle of this utility model; Reference numerals: 1. First compartment; 2. Second compartment; 3. Main side plate; 4. Drain hole; 5. Side plate flange; 6. Inner side plate; 7. Outer side plate; 8. Screw assembly; 9. Connecting flange; 10. Base plate; 11. Vertical guide groove; 12. Horizontal guide groove; 13. Groove; 14. Intermediate partition; 15. Reinforcing sheet; 16. Through opening; 17. Positioning hole; 18. Cutting blade; 19. Guide rod; 20. Limiting rod; 21. Handle; 22. Cutting edge end; 23. Slot; 24. Handle core; 25a. First plastic shell; 25b. Second plastic shell. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] Please see Figures 1-12 This utility model proposes a soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile cutting experimental device. Its innovative design is mainly reflected in the detailed optimization of structural composition and functional implementation. The device consists of two core parts: a dual-chamber infiltration experimental module and a soil profile cutting module. The dual-chamber infiltration experimental module is composed of a first chamber 1 and a second chamber 2 arranged symmetrically. Both chambers are made of transparent acrylic material, with the tops kept open to facilitate soil sample filling and dye leaching. The main structure of each chamber includes key components such as a main side plate 3, a bottom plate 10, a side plate flange 5, and a connecting flange 9. The main side plate 3 is symmetrically installed on the front and rear sides of the chamber and is firmly bonded to the bottom plate 10, the side plate flange 5, and the connecting flange 9 with high-strength adhesive to form a stable overall frame structure. The inner side of the connecting flange 9 is specially designed with a groove 13 for installing a detachable intermediate partition 14. This design allows the two chambers to work independently or be used interconnected, greatly improving the flexibility of the experiment.

[0017] The inner side of the main side plate 3 is machined with precision vertical guide grooves 11 and horizontal guide grooves 12. These guide grooves are embedded with specially treated stainless steel reinforcing sheets 15. The reinforcing sheets 15 are polished and sprayed with PTFE coating, which not only ensures structural strength but also ensures the smooth movement of the guiding components. The guide grooves are designed with equal spacing, with 4 vertical guide grooves 11 and 4 horizontal guide grooves 12, providing a precise guiding reference for subsequent cross-sectional cutting operations. The inner side plate 6 has a rectangular through opening 16 and square positioning holes 17 symmetrically arranged on both sides. These positioning holes 17 are strictly aligned with the center of the horizontal guide groove 12, and the positioning accuracy is controlled within 0.1 mm, ensuring the accuracy of the cutting operation.

[0018] The soil profile cutting module consists of a cutting blade 18, a guide rod 19, a limiting rod 20, and a handle 21. The cutting blade 18 is made of 304 stainless steel plate and measures 500mm × 400mm × 2mm. The cutting edge 22 is machined into a 15° wedge-shaped bevel, which ensures cutting sharpness and reduces soil resistance. The guide rod 19 is a 10mm diameter round tube structure with special slots 23 on both sides for embedding the cutting blade 18. The limiting rod 20 is welded to the guide rod 19 and has a 10mm × 10mm square cross-section, which plays a precise limiting role during the cutting process. The handle 21 adopts an ergonomic design and consists of a stainless steel handle core 24 and two ABS plastic shells, 25a and 25b, which are firmly fixed by aluminum rivets and epoxy structural adhesive, ensuring both operating comfort and structural strength.

[0019] The drainage hole 4 at the bottom of the main side plate 3 has a diameter of 10mm and is connected to an external silicone hose for discharging the permeate. This design ensures the normal conduct of the permeation experiment and avoids liquid overflow that could contaminate the experimental environment. Through precise mechanical coordination and innovative structural design, the entire device achieves efficient and accurate operation of the soil preferential flow experiment, providing reliable technical support for related scientific research.

[0020] The working principle of the soil priority flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile cutting experimental device based on the embodiment is to achieve efficient and accurate soil priority flow research through the integrated design of dual-chamber synergistic infiltration and multi-dimensional precision cutting.

[0021] During the infiltration experiment, the operator first inserts the intermediate partition plate 14 into the groove 13 of the double-chamber connecting flange 9, so that the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 2 form an independent unit. Then, the same or different types of soil samples are simultaneously filled into the two chambers. The dye is leached through the top open structure. The dye moves with the water in the soil pores, forming a visible priority flow path. During the infiltration process, the water is discharged through the drainage hole 4 at the bottom of the main side plate 3, realizing the synchronous tracer experiment of the two soil columns under completely consistent environmental conditions. This not only avoids the drawback of the traditional single-chamber device requiring repeated experiments, but also eliminates the sample error caused by environmental fluctuations.

[0022] After removing the intermediate partition 14 during the profile cutting stage, the cutting module is activated. When cutting vertically, the guide rod 19 of the cutting module is precisely embedded into the vertical guide groove 11 of the main side plate 3. The cutting blade 18 is pushed vertically down along the groove. The wedge-shaped cutting edge at the end of the blade can reduce soil resistance, while the entire stainless steel plate structure provides rigid support for the soil. After cutting, the outer and inner side plates 6 are removed in sequence. The soil outside the blade is removed to expose the complete vertical profile. When cutting horizontally, the guide rod 19 is inserted into the square positioning hole 17 of the inner side plate 6. At the same time, the blade is aligned with the rectangular through opening 16. The handle 21 is pushed along the horizontal guide groove 12. At this time, the inner side plate 6 remains in place. Its opening provides a channel for the blade and maintains the lateral stability of the soil, effectively preventing the profile from collapsing. After cutting, the soil above is removed, and the horizontal profile is clearly presented.

[0023] The core advantage of the device lies in the high-precision coupling between the PTFE-coated stainless steel reinforcing sheet 15 embedded in the guide groove and the guide rod 19, ensuring a straight cutting trajectory; the preset vertical / horizontal bidirectional guide groove supports three-dimensional spatial priority flow analysis; the layered design of the inner and outer plates ensures sealing while achieving non-destructive horizontal cutting through precise positioning of the opening. This integrated process overcomes the problems of functional fragmentation and inefficient operation of traditional technologies, providing a reliable platform for the study of soil moisture transport mechanisms.

[0024] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil preferential flow double-chamber infiltration and soil profile cutting experimental device, characterized in that: The test module includes a dual-chamber infiltration test module and a soil profile cutting module. The dual-chamber infiltration test module consists of a first chamber (1) and a second chamber (2) arranged symmetrically. Both the first chamber (1) and the second chamber (2) include a main side plate (3), a bottom plate (10), a side plate flange (5), and a connecting flange (9). The main side plate (3) is symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the chamber. The bottom plate (10), the main side plate (3), the side plate flange (5), and the connecting flange (9) are all fixed into an integral frame by adhesive. The connecting flange (9) has a groove (13) on its inner side, and a middle partition plate (14) is detachably connected to the inner side of the groove (13). The main side plate (3) has a vertical guide groove (11) and a horizontal guide groove (12) on its inner side, and a reinforcing plate (15) is fixedly connected to the vertical guide groove (11) and the horizontal guide groove (12).

2. The soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile slicing experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first compartment (1) and the second compartment (2) are made of transparent acrylic material, and the top of the first compartment (1) and the second compartment (2) are not covered. The side plate flange (5) and the connecting flange (9) are installed on the inside sides of the first compartment (1) and the second compartment (2). The external thread of the side plate flange (5) is connected to the screw assembly (8), and the external side plate flange (5) is detachably connected to the inner side plate (6) and the outer side plate (7) through the screw assembly (8).

3. The soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile slicing experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of vertical guide grooves (11) and horizontal guide grooves (12) is several groups and they are evenly distributed. The reinforcing sheet (15) is made of stainless steel and the surface of the reinforcing sheet (15) is coated with PTFE.

4. The soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile slicing experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side plate (6) has a through opening (16) on its outside, and the through opening (16) is rectangular. Positioning holes (17) are provided on both sides of the through opening (16), and the positioning holes (17) are square. The center of the positioning hole (17) is aligned with the center of the horizontal guide groove (12).

5. The soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile slicing experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil profile cutting module includes a cutting blade (18), a guide rod (19), a limiting rod (20), and a handle (21). The guide rod (19) is slidably connected to the inside of a vertical guide groove (11) or a horizontal guide groove (12). The guide rod (19) has a slot (23) on its outside, and the cutting blade (18) is embedded in two sets of slots (23) on both sides. The cutting blade (18) has a cutting edge (22) at its end. The cutting blade (18) is a rectangular plate structure and made of stainless steel. The guide rod (19) is a round tube structure, and the limiting rod (20) has a square cross-section.

6. The soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile slicing experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting rod (20) is welded to the outside of the guide rod (19), and the handle (21) is fixedly connected to the outside of the handle core (24), and the handle core (24) is welded to the guide rod (19).

7. The dual-pore soil preferential flow infiltration and soil profile excavation apparatus of claim 6, wherein: The handle (21) is composed of a first plastic shell (25a) and a second plastic shell (25b). The core (24) is a rectangular piece made of stainless steel. The core (24) is fixed inside the first plastic shell (25a) and the second plastic shell (25b) by aluminum rivets and epoxy structural adhesive.

8. The experimental apparatus for soil preferential flow dual-chamber infiltration and soil profile cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main side plate (3) has a drainage hole (4) on its lower side.

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