Data switching circuits, power tools and data update systems

Abstract

This application discloses a data exchange circuit, a power tool, and a data update system. The data exchange circuit includes a controller, a first interface, a first switching module, and a voltage detection module. The first interface includes a first pin and a second pin, with the second pin connected to the controller. The first switching module is configured to: be in a first on state or a first off state in response to a first communication signal output by the battery pack, to output a second communication signal to the controller; or be in a second on state or a second off state in response to a third communication signal output by the controller, to output a fourth communication signal to the battery pack. The voltage detection module is configured to: generate a voltage detection signal to the controller based on the voltage generated on the first pin by a first power source, so that the controller determines the voltage on the first pin based on the voltage detection signal. This configuration allows for data transmission using both communication and non-communication methods, simplifying operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, and in particular to a data exchange circuit, power tool, and data update system. Background Technology

[0002] Power tools consist of a tool body and a battery pack. In most tools, the tool body and the battery pack need to transmit data to each other so that both parts know each other's operating status, thereby making judgments and taking protective measures.

[0003] There are two main ways for the tool body and the battery pack to transmit data: one is through communication between the tool body and the battery pack; the other is by directly transmitting the corresponding data without setting up communication. Therefore, in practical applications, different tool bodies need to be set up according to different needs, which is cumbersome. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a data exchange circuit, a power tool, and a data update system that are applicable to both communication and non-communication data transmission methods, thereby simplifying operation.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a data exchange circuit for connecting to a battery pack. The data exchange circuit includes: a controller; a first interface for connecting to the battery pack, including a first pin and a second pin, the second pin being connected to the controller, wherein when the first interface is connected to the battery pack, the controller obtains the ID signal of the battery pack through the second pin; and a first switch module connected between the first pin and the controller, configured to: when the first interface is connected to the battery pack, in response to the battery pack outputting a first communication signal to the first pin, be in a first on state or a first off state to output a second communication signal to the controller, or, in response to the controller outputting a third communication signal... The communication signal is in a second on state or a second off state to output a fourth communication signal, which is input to the battery pack through the first pin. The first communication signal and the second communication signal are the same signal or complementary signals, and the third communication signal and the fourth communication signal are the same signal or complementary signals. A voltage detection module is connected to the first pin, the controller, and the first power supply, and is configured to: when the first interface is connected to the battery pack and the first pin is connected to the thermistor in the battery pack, generate a voltage detection signal to the controller based on the voltage generated on the first pin by the first power supply, so that the controller determines the voltage on the first pin based on the voltage detection signal.

[0006] In one or more embodiments, the data exchange circuit further includes: a second switch module connected between the first pin and the controller, configured to be turned on in response to a control signal output by the controller, so that the controller receives a data signal through the first pin, wherein when the second switch module is turned on, the controller receives a clock signal through the second pin.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the first switching module includes: a first switching unit connected to the first pin, the controller, and the first power supply, respectively, configured to: when the first interface is connected to the battery pack, turn on or off in response to the battery pack outputting a first communication signal to the first pin, so as to output a second communication signal to the controller, wherein the first switching module is in a first on state when the first switching unit is on, and in a first off state when the first switching unit is off; and a second switching unit connected to the first pin, the controller, and the first power supply, configured to: turn on or off in response to a third communication signal output by the controller, so as to output a fourth communication signal, the fourth communication signal being input to the battery pack through the first pin, wherein the second switching module is in a second on state when the second switching unit is on, and in a second off state when the second switching unit is off.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, the first switching unit includes a first switching transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first Zener diode; the first terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor and the first terminal of the first Zener diode, the second terminal of the first Zener diode and the second terminal of the first switching transistor are both grounded, the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first pin, and the third terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first power supply through the second resistor.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the second switching unit includes a second switching transistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor; the first end of the second switching transistor is connected to the controller through the third resistor, the third end of the second switching transistor is connected to the first pin through the fourth resistor, and the second end of the second switching transistor is connected to the first power supply.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the voltage detection module includes a fifth resistor; a first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first power supply, and a second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first pin and the controller, respectively.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the second switching module includes a third switching transistor and a sixth resistor; the first end of the third switching transistor is connected to the controller through the sixth resistor, the second end of the third switching transistor is connected to the controller, and the third end of the third switching transistor is connected to the first pin.

[0012] In one or more embodiments, the data exchange circuit further includes a first inductor, a second inductor, a second Zener diode, a third Zener diode, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a first diode, a second diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor; the first inductor is connected between the second pin and the first terminal of the seventh resistor; the second Zener diode is connected between the first terminal of the seventh resistor and ground; the second terminal of the seventh resistor is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor and the anode of the first diode; the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first power supply; the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded; and the second inductor is connected between the first pin and the eighth resistor. Between the first terminals, the third Zener diode is connected between the first terminal of the eighth resistor and ground. The second terminal of the eighth resistor is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor and the first terminal of the ninth resistor. The second terminals of the second capacitor and the ninth resistor are both grounded. The tenth resistor is connected between the voltage detection module and the controller. The anode of the second diode is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor and the controller. The second terminal of the third capacitor is grounded. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the first power supply. The first terminal of the fourth capacitor is connected to the first switching module and the first terminal of the eleventh resistor. The second terminal of the fourth capacitor is grounded. The second terminal of the eleventh resistor is connected to the controller.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electric tool, including a battery pack and a tool body connected to the battery pack, the tool body including the data exchange circuit described above.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides a data update system, including a host computer, a programmer, a second interface, and a power tool as described above; wherein the battery pack in the power tool is disconnected from the tool body, and the host computer is connected to a first interface in the tool body in sequence through the programmer and the second interface; the host computer outputs a data signal and a clock signal, the data signal is input to the controller in the tool body in sequence through the programmer, the second interface, and the first pin of the first interface, and the clock signal is input to the controller in the tool body in sequence through the programmer, the second interface, and the second pin of the first interface.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The data exchange circuit of this application embodiment includes a controller, a first interface, a first switch module, and a voltage detection module. On one hand, the first switch module is connected between a first pin and the controller. The first switch module is configured to: when the first interface is connected to the battery pack, respond to the battery pack outputting a first communication signal to the first pin and be in a first on state or a first off state to output a second communication signal to the controller; or, respond to the controller outputting a third communication signal and be in a second on state or a second off state to output a fourth communication signal. The fourth communication signal is input to the battery pack through the first pin. The first communication signal and the second communication signal are the same signal or complementary signals, and the third communication signal and the fourth communication signal are the same signal or complementary signals. Therefore, it is possible to realize the connection between the battery pack and the controller. Data transmission between the controllers is achieved through communication. On the other hand, the second pin of the first interface is connected to the controller. When the first interface is connected to the battery pack, the controller obtains the battery pack's ID signal through the second pin. Simultaneously, a voltage detection module is connected to the first pin, the controller, and the first power supply. The voltage detection module is configured to generate a voltage detection signal to the controller based on the voltage generated on the first pin by the first power supply when the first interface is connected to the battery pack and the first pin is connected to a thermistor in the battery pack. This allows the controller to determine the voltage on the first pin based on the voltage detection signal, thus enabling data transmission between the battery pack and the controller via a non-communication method. In summary, this data exchange circuit is suitable for both communication and non-communication data transmission, simplifying operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments, and elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are designated as similar elements.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the data update system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power tools provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power tools provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power tools provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power tools provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 ;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power tools provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 . Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and thoroughly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more intermediate elements between them.

[0025] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a data update system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the data update system 1 includes a power tool 10, a host computer 20, a programmer 30, and a second interface J2.

[0027] The host computer 20 is a computer system used to perform code compilation, data preparation, and write programs or data to the target device through a communication interface when programming or updating a programmable device (such as a microcontroller). In some embodiments, the host computer 20 is a computer, which serves as a development and programming platform, writing the compiled program code or data to the target device (such as a microcontroller) through specific software tools and hardware interfaces.

[0028] The programmer 30 (also called a programmer) is a hardware device used to write data or program code into a programmable integrated circuit. In this embodiment, the programmable integrated circuit refers to the controller in the tool body of the power tool 10.

[0029] The second interface J2 refers to the physical connector for connecting different hardware devices. In this embodiment, the second interface J2 is used to connect the programmer 30 to the first interface J1.

[0030] Power tool 10 refers to a handheld or mobile mechanical device that relies on a built-in or external rechargeable battery as a power source. In one specific embodiment, power tool 10 integrates a motor, control system, and working head (such as a drill bit, saw blade, etc.), and is powered by one or more battery packs to perform various tasks without needing to be connected to a fixed AC power outlet. In some embodiments, power tool 10 includes electric drills, angle grinders, chainsaws, or lawnmowers, etc.

[0031] The power tool 10 includes a tool body 100 and a battery pack 200. When the power tool 10 is operating normally, i.e., when the tool body 100 is not being updated, the tool body 100 is connected to the battery pack 200, such as... Figure 2 As shown. The battery pack 200 is the part that provides power to the power tool. In one specific embodiment, the battery pack 200 is one of a nickel-cadmium (NiCd) battery, a nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) battery, and a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery. The battery pack 200 can be part of the tool (built-in) or detachable (external) for easy replacement or charging. The tool body 100 is the main part of the power tool 10. In some embodiments, the tool body 100 includes components such as a motor, a transmission mechanism, and an operating handle, and is designed with different working heads (e.g., drill chuck for an electric drill, blades for a lawnmower, etc.) according to different functions. The tool body 100 is used to perform specific functions, such as drilling, cutting, and grinding.

[0032] The tool body 100 includes a data exchange circuit 110. The data exchange circuit 100 includes a first interface J1 and a controller 111. The first interface J1 refers to a physical connector for connecting different hardware devices. In this embodiment, the first interface J1 is used to connect to a second interface J2 or a battery pack. The controller 111 can be a microcontroller unit (MCU) or a digital signal processing (DSP) controller, etc.

[0033] When it is necessary to update the data of the tool body 100, such as Figure 1The connection between the battery pack 200 and the tool body 100 is disconnected, and a connection is established between the first interface J1 and the second interface J2. Specifically, the host computer 20, the programmer 30, the second interface J2, and the first interface J1 are connected sequentially. Pins S22 and S12 of the second interface J2 are connected, and pins S21 and S11 of the second interface J2 are connected. The host computer 20 outputs data and clock signals. The data signal is sequentially input to the controller 111 in the tool body 100 through the programmer 30, pin S21 of the second interface J2, and pin S11 of the first interface J1. The clock signal is sequentially input to the controller 111 in the tool body 100 through the programmer 30, pin S22 of the second interface J2, and pin S12 of the first interface J1.

[0034] Understandably, when updating data on the tool body 100, the host computer 20 not only outputs data signals and clock signals, but also provides power to supply the devices (such as the controller 111) in the tool body 100 via the programmer 30. Specifically, the power provided by the host computer 20 is converted to the voltage required by the tool body 100 by the first voltage conversion module after passing through the programmer 30, and then input to the tool body 100 through the pins (not pins S21 and S22) of the second interface J2 and the third pin (not shown) of the first interface J1. The tool body 100 then converts the received power to the voltage required by each device through the second voltage conversion module. For example, in a specific embodiment, the power provided by the host computer 20 is converted to the voltage required by the tool body 100 by the first voltage conversion module after passing through the programmer 30, and the second voltage conversion module in the tool body 100 then converts the 18V to 5V to power the controller 111. Furthermore, when the tool body 100 is not updated, i.e. when the battery pack 200 is connected to the tool body 100, the voltage provided by the battery pack 200 is for the tool body 100. The voltage provided by the battery pack 300 is input to the tool body 100 through the third pin of the first interface J1. The tool body 100 then converts the received voltage into the voltage required by each device through the second voltage conversion module.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A block diagram illustrating the composition of the data exchange circuit 110 is shown. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the data exchange circuit 110 includes a controller 111, a first interface J1, a first switch module 112, and a voltage detection module 113.

[0036] The first interface J1 is used to connect to the battery pack 200. The first interface J1 includes a first pin S11 and a second pin S12, and the second pin S12 is connected to the controller 111. The first switch module 112 is connected between the first pin S11 and the controller 111. The voltage detection module 113 is connected to the first pin S11, the controller 111, and the first power supply V1.

[0037] Specifically, when the first interface J1 is connected to the battery pack 200, the controller 111 obtains the ID signal of the battery pack 200 through the second pin S12 (this ID signal is used to identify and manage information or data of the battery pack 200). The voltage detection module 113 is configured to generate a voltage detection signal to the controller 111 based on the voltage generated on the first pin S11 by the first power supply V1 when the first interface J1 is connected to the battery pack 200 and the first pin S11 is connected to the thermistor in the battery pack 200, so that the controller 111 can determine the voltage on the first pin S11 based on the voltage detection signal. Subsequently, based on the first terminal of the thermistor in the battery pack 200 being connected to the first pin S11 and the second terminal of the thermistor in the battery pack 200 being grounded, the controller 111 can determine the voltage across the thermistor in the battery pack 200 according to the voltage on the first pin S11. Then, based on the voltage at the first power supply V1 and the first pin S11, and the resistance value of the voltage detection module 113 (which is a known value), the current flowing through the voltage detection module 113 can be determined. This current is also the current flowing through the thermistor in the battery pack 200. Furthermore, based on the current flowing through the thermistor in the battery pack 200 and the voltage across the thermistor in the battery pack 200, the resistance value of the thermistor can be determined. Based on the resistance value of the thermistor, the temperature of the battery pack 200 can be determined. In summary, the controller 111 can determine the temperature of the battery pack 200 through the first pin and determine the ID signal of the battery pack 200 through the second pin S12. Thus, data transmission between the battery pack 200 and the controller 111 is achieved through a non-communication method.

[0038] A thermistor is a resistor whose resistance changes significantly with temperature. Thermistors are typically made of semiconductor materials and, based on their temperature coefficient, can be classified as positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors and negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors. NTC thermistors: their resistance decreases as temperature increases. PTC thermistors: their resistance increases as temperature increases. Therefore, by determining the thermistor's resistance value, the temperature of the battery pack 200 can be determined accordingly.

[0039] The first switch module 112 is configured to: when the first interface J1 is connected to the battery pack 200, in response to the battery pack 200 outputting a first communication signal to the first pin S11, be in a first on state or a first off state to output a second communication signal to the controller 111; or, in response to the controller 111 outputting a third communication signal, be in a second on state or a second off state to output a fourth communication signal. The fourth communication signal is input to the battery pack 200 through the first pin S11. The first and second communication signals are identical or complementary signals, and the third and fourth communication signals are identical or complementary signals. The first, second, third, and fourth communication signals all include both high-level and low-level signals. Therefore, when the battery pack 200 acts as the signal sender and the controller 111 acts as the signal receiver, the battery pack 200 sends a first communication signal, and the controller 111 receives a second communication signal. The first communication signal can be determined based on the correspondence between the second and first communication signals (i.e., the first and second communication signals are the same or complementary signals). When the controller 111 acts as the signal sender and the battery pack 200 acts as the signal receiver, the controller 111 sends a third communication signal, and the battery pack 200 receives a fourth communication signal. The third communication signal can be determined based on the correspondence between the fourth and third communication signals (i.e., the third and fourth communication signals are the same or complementary signals). In summary, this realizes the communication process between the battery pack 200 and the controller 111, enabling the transmission of the battery pack 200's ID signal and temperature during communication, thus achieving data transmission between the battery pack 200 and the controller 111 through communication.

[0040] In summary, the data exchange circuit 110 is applicable to both communication and non-communication data transmission. That is, regardless of whether the tool body 100 transmits data via communication or non-communication methods, it can be achieved simply by using the data exchange circuit 110 provided in this application embodiment, which helps to simplify operation and reduce the probability of errors.

[0041] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the data exchange circuit 110 also includes a second switch module 114.

[0042] The second switch module 114 is connected between the first pin S11 and the controller 111. The second switch module 114 is configured to be turned on in response to a control signal output by the controller 111, so that the controller 111 receives a data signal through the first pin S11. When the second switch module 114 is turned on, the controller 111 receives a clock signal through the second pin S12.

[0043] In this embodiment, by setting a second switch module 114, the tool body 100 can receive clock signals and data signals output by the host computer 20 when updating data. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 4 The connection between the battery pack 200 and the tool body 100 is disconnected, and a connection is established between the first interface J1 and the second interface J2. That is, the host computer 20, the programmer 30, the second interface J2, and the first interface J1 are connected sequentially. Pins S22 and S12 of the second interface J2 are connected, and pins S21 and S11 of the second interface J2 are connected. The controller 111 controls the second switch module 114 to turn on. The host computer 20 outputs data signals and clock signals. The data signal is input to the controller 111 sequentially through the programmer 30, pin S21 of the second interface J2, pin S11 of the first interface J1, and the second switch module 114; the clock signal is input to the controller 111 sequentially through the programmer 30, pin S22 of the second interface J2, and pin S12 of the first interface J1. In this way, the required updated data content (including the data signals and clock signals output by the host computer 20) is transmitted to the controller 111, enabling the controller 111 to be updated.

[0044] In some embodiments, the controller 111 is configured to: control the second switch module 114 to turn on at the moment of power-on, control the second switch module 114 to turn on for a first duration, and control the second switch module 114 to turn off at the end of the first duration. The first duration can be set according to the actual application scenario, and this application embodiment does not impose specific limitations on it. For example, in a specific embodiment, the first duration is set to 3 seconds, 4 seconds, or 5 seconds.

[0045] In this embodiment, the second switch module 114 is turned on for a first duration each time the controller 111 is powered on, providing a first duration for executing the data update process. After the first duration ends, the data update process is no longer performed, and only the normal operation of the power tool 100 is carried out, ensuring that the data update process does not affect the normal operation of the power tool 100, which is beneficial to improving the reliability and stability of the power tool 100.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first switch module 112 includes a first switch unit 1121 and a second switch unit 1122. The first switch unit 1121 is connected to the first pin S11, the controller 111 and the first power supply V1, respectively, and the second switch unit 1122 is connected to the first pin S11, the controller 111 and the first power supply V1, respectively.

[0047] Specifically, the first switching unit 1121 is configured to: when the first interface J1 is connected to the battery pack 200, turn on or off in response to the battery pack 200 outputting a first communication signal to the first pin S11, so as to output a second communication signal to the controller 111. When the first switching unit 1121 is on, the first switching module 112 is in a first on state; when the first switching unit 1121 is off, the first switching module 112 is in a first off state. The second switching unit 1122 is configured to: turn on or off in response to the third communication signal output by the controller 111, so as to output a fourth communication signal. The fourth communication signal is input to the battery pack 200 through the first pin. When the second switching unit 1122 is on, the second switching module 114 is in a second on state; when the second switching unit 1122 is off, the second switching module 114 is in a second off state.

[0048] In this embodiment, by setting a first switch unit 1121 and a second switch unit 1122 to control the data transmission process in two different directions respectively, wherein the first switch unit 1121 controls the process of transmitting data from the battery pack 200 to the controller 111, and the second switch unit 1122 controls the process of transmitting data from the controller 111 to the battery pack 200, the two processes can be prevented from interfering with each other, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 An exemplary circuit structure for a data exchange circuit 110 is shown. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the first switching unit 1121 includes a first switching transistor Q1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a first Zener diode D1.

[0050] The first terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1 and the first terminal of the first Zener diode D1. The second terminal of the first Zener diode D1 and the second terminal of the first switch Q1 are both grounded to GND. The second terminal of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first pin S11. The third terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first power supply V1 through the second resistor R2.

[0051] The first resistor R1 is a current-limiting resistor. The second resistor R2 is a pull-up resistor. The first Zener diode D1 is used to clamp the voltage between the first and second terminals of the first switching transistor Q1 to protect the first switching transistor Q1.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first switch Q1 is an NMOS transistor. The gate of the NMOS transistor is the first terminal of the first switch Q1, the source of the NMOS transistor is the second terminal of the first switch Q1, and the drain of the NMOS transistor is the third terminal of the first switch Q1.

[0053] In addition, the first switching transistor Q1 can be any controllable switch, such as an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) device, an integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) device, a gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) device, a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) device, a junction-gate field-effect transistor (JFET) device, a MOS-controlled thyristor (MCT) device, etc. Furthermore, Figure 6 The first switch Q1 shown can be implemented as multiple switches connected in parallel.

[0054] In some embodiments, the second switching unit 1122 includes a second switching transistor Q2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4.

[0055] In this configuration, the first terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the controller 111 via the third resistor R3, the third terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first pin S11 via the fourth resistor R4, and the second terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first power supply V1. The third resistor R3 is a current-limiting resistor.

[0056] In this embodiment, the second switch Q2 is a PNP transistor. The base of the PNP transistor is the first terminal of the second switch Q2, the emitter of the PNP transistor is the second terminal of the second switch Q2, and the collector of the PNP transistor is the third terminal of the second switch Q2.

[0057] In addition, the second switch Q2 can be any controllable switch, such as an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) device, an integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) device, a gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) device, a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) device, a junction-gate field-effect transistor (JFET) device, a MOS-controlled thyristor (MCT) device, etc. Furthermore, Figure 6 The second switch Q2 shown can be implemented as multiple switches connected in parallel.

[0058] In some embodiments, the voltage detection module 113 includes a fifth resistor R5.

[0059] Among them, the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first power supply V1, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first pin S11 and the controller 111 respectively.

[0060] In some embodiments, the second switching module 114 includes a third switching transistor Q3 and a sixth resistor R6.

[0061] The first terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the controller 111 through the sixth resistor R6, the second terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the controller 111, and the third terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the first pin S11.

[0062] In this embodiment, the third switch Q3 is a PMOS transistor. The gate of the PMOS transistor is the first terminal of the third switch Q3, the source of the PMOS transistor is the second terminal of the third switch Q3, and the drain of the PMOS transistor is the third terminal of the third switch Q3.

[0063] In addition, the third switch Q3 can be any controllable switch, such as an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) device, an integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) device, a gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) device, a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) device, a junction-gate field-effect transistor (JFET) device, a MOS-controlled thyristor (MCT) device, etc. Furthermore, Figure 6 The third switch Q3 shown can be implemented as multiple switches connected in parallel.

[0064] In some embodiments, the data exchange circuit 110 further includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a second Zener diode D2, a third Zener diode D3, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4.

[0065] In this configuration, the first inductor L1 is connected between the second pin S12 and the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7; the second Zener diode D2 is connected between the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7 and ground GND; the second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the anode of the first diode DA1; the cathode of the first diode DA1 is connected to the first power supply V1; the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is ground GND; the second inductor L2 is connected between the first pin S11 and the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8; the third Zener diode D3 is connected between the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8 and ground GND; and the second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the second capacitor C2... The first terminal is connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor R9. The second terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the second terminal of the ninth resistor R9 are both grounded to GND. The tenth resistor R10 is connected between the voltage detection module 113 and the controller 111. The anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 and the controller 111 respectively. The second terminal of the third capacitor C3 is grounded to GND. The cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the first power supply V1. The first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the first switch module 112 and the first terminal of the eleventh resistor R11 respectively. The second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded to GND. The second terminal of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the controller 111.

[0066] Specifically, the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3, and the fourth capacitor C4 are used for filtering. The second Zener diode D2 and the third Zener diode D3 are used for clamping. The seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8, the tenth resistor R10, and the eleventh resistor R11 are used for current limiting. The ninth resistor R9 is a pull-down resistor.

[0067] The following are Figure 6 The principle shown will be explained.

[0068] When the first interface J1 is connected to the battery pack 200, on the one hand, the controller 111 obtains the ID signal of the battery pack 200 through the second pin S12; on the other hand, when the first pin S11 is connected to the thermistor in the battery pack 200, the thermistor is connected in series with the fifth resistor R5 to divide the voltage of the first power supply V1. The voltage division of the first power supply V1 across the thermistor (i.e., the voltage on the first pin S11) passes through the tenth resistor R10 and becomes a voltage detection signal. The voltage detection signal is input to the controller 111, and the controller 111 determines the voltage on the first pin S11 based on the voltage detection signal, thereby determining the voltage across the thermistor. Based on the ratio of the difference between the voltage of the first power supply V1 and the voltage on the first pin S11 to the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5, the current flowing through the fifth resistor R5 is determined, and this current is also the current flowing through the thermistor. Furthermore, based on the current flowing through the thermistor and the voltage across the thermistor, the resistance value of the thermistor can be determined. Based on the resistance value of the thermistor, the temperature of the battery pack 200 can be determined. In summary, the controller 111 can determine the temperature of the battery pack 200 through the first pin and determine the ID signal of the battery pack 200 through the second pin S12. Thus, data transmission between the battery pack 200 and the controller 111 is achieved through a non-communicative method.

[0069] When the first interface J1 is connected to the battery pack 200, if the battery pack 200 acts as the signal transmitter and the controller 111 acts as the signal receiver, the battery pack 200 outputs a first communication signal to the first pin S11. When the first communication signal is a high-level signal, the first switch Q1 is turned on, and the controller 111 is grounded to GND through the first switch Q1. Correspondingly, the controller 111 receives a low-level signal, i.e., the second communication signal is a low-level signal. When the first communication signal is a low-level signal, the first switch Q1 is turned off, and the first power supply V1 is input to the controller 111 through the second resistor R2. Correspondingly, the controller 111 receives a high-level signal, i.e., the second communication signal is a high-level signal. In this embodiment, the first communication signal and the second communication signal are complementary signals.

[0070] If the controller 111 acts as the signal transmitter and the battery pack 200 acts as the signal receiver, then the controller 111 outputs a third communication signal. This third communication signal is input to the second switch Q2 through the third resistor R3. When the third communication signal is low, the second switch Q2 is turned on, and the first power supply V1 is input to the first pin S11 through the second switch Q2, the fourth resistor R4, the eighth resistor R8, and the second inductor L2. The battery pack 200 receives a high-level signal through the first pin S11, meaning the fourth communication signal is high. When the third communication signal is high, the second switch Q2 is turned off, and the first pin S11 is grounded to GND through the second inductor L2, the eighth resistor R8, and the ninth resistor R9. The battery pack 200 receives a low-level signal through the first pin S11, meaning the fourth communication signal is low. In this embodiment, the third and fourth communication signals are complementary signals.

[0071] Therefore, when the battery pack 200 acts as the signal sender and the controller 111 acts as the signal receiver, the battery pack 200 sends a first communication signal, and the controller 111 receives a second communication signal. The first communication signal can be determined based on the correspondence between the second and first communication signals (i.e., the first and second communication signals are the same or complementary signals). When the controller 111 acts as the signal sender and the battery pack 200 acts as the signal receiver, the controller 111 sends a third communication signal, and the battery pack 200 receives a fourth communication signal. The third communication signal can be determined based on the correspondence between the fourth and third communication signals (i.e., the third and fourth communication signals are the same or complementary signals). In summary, this realizes the communication process between the battery pack 200 and the controller 111, enabling the transmission of the battery pack 200's ID signal and temperature during communication, thus achieving data transmission between the battery pack 200 and the controller 111 through communication.

[0072] In summary, the data exchange circuit 110 is applicable to both communication and non-communication data transmission. That is, regardless of whether the tool body 100 transmits data via communication or non-communication methods, it can be achieved simply by using the data exchange circuit 110 provided in this application embodiment, which helps to simplify operation and reduce the probability of errors.

[0073] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

[0074] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and the steps can be implemented in any order. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A data exchange circuit, characterized by For connection to a battery pack, the data exchange circuit includes: Controller; A first interface is used to connect to the battery pack, including a first pin and a second pin. The second pin is connected to the controller. When the first interface is connected to the battery pack, the controller obtains the ID signal of the battery pack through the second pin. A first switch module, connected between the first pin and the controller, is configured to: when the first interface is connected to the battery pack, respond to the battery pack outputting a first communication signal to the first pin and be in a first on state or a first off state to output a second communication signal to the controller; or, respond to the controller outputting a third communication signal and be in a second on state or a second off state to output a fourth communication signal, wherein the fourth communication signal is input to the battery pack through the first pin, wherein the first communication signal and the second communication signal are the same signal or complementary signals, and the third communication signal and the fourth communication signal are the same signal or complementary signals; A voltage detection module, connected to the first pin, the controller, and the first power supply respectively, is configured to: when the first interface is connected to the battery pack and the first pin is connected to the thermistor in the battery pack, generate a voltage detection signal to the controller based on the voltage generated on the first pin by the first power supply, so that the controller determines the voltage on the first pin based on the voltage detection signal.

2. The data exchange circuit of claim 1, wherein, The data exchange circuit also includes: The second switch module, connected between the first pin and the controller, is configured to be turned on in response to a control signal output by the controller, so that the controller receives a data signal through the first pin, wherein when the second switch module is turned on, the controller receives a clock signal through the second pin.

3. A data exchange circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first switch module includes: The first switching unit, which is connected to the first pin, the controller, and the first power supply respectively, is configured to: when the first interface is connected to the battery pack, turn on or off in response to the battery pack outputting a first communication signal to the first pin, so as to output a second communication signal to the controller, wherein when the first switching unit is turned on, the first switching module is in a first on state, and when the first switching unit is turned off, the first switching module is in a first off state. The second switching unit, connected to the first pin, the controller, and the first power supply respectively, is configured to: be turned on or in a state in response to a third communication signal output by the controller, so as to output a fourth communication signal, the fourth communication signal being input to the battery pack through the first pin, wherein the first switching module is in a second on state when the second switching unit is turned on, and the first switching module is in a second off state when the second switching unit is turned off.

4. The data exchange circuit of claim 3, wherein, The first switching unit includes a first switching transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first Zener diode; The first terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor and the first terminal of the first Zener diode. The second terminal of the first Zener diode and the second terminal of the first switching transistor are both grounded. The second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first pin. The third terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first power supply through the second resistor.

5. The data exchange circuit of claim 3, wherein, The second switching unit includes a second switching transistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor; The first terminal of the second switch is connected to the controller through the third resistor, the third terminal of the second switch is connected to the first pin through the fourth resistor, and the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the first power supply.

6. The data exchange circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The voltage detection module includes a fifth resistor; The first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first power supply, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first pin and the controller, respectively.

7. The data exchange circuit of claim 2, wherein, The second switching module includes a third switching transistor and a sixth resistor; The first terminal of the third switch is connected to the controller through the sixth resistor, the second terminal of the third switch is connected to the controller, and the third terminal of the third switch is connected to the first pin.

8. The data exchange circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The data exchange circuit further includes a first inductor, a second inductor, a second Zener diode, a third Zener diode, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a first diode, a second diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor; The first inductor is connected between the second pin and the first end of the seventh resistor. The second Zener diode is connected between the first end of the seventh resistor and ground. The second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the anode of the first diode. The cathode of the first diode is connected to the first power supply. The second end of the first capacitor is grounded. The second inductor is connected between the first pin and the first end of the eighth resistor. The third Zener diode is connected between the first end of the eighth resistor and ground. The second end of the eighth resistor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the ninth resistor. The second ends of the second capacitor and the ninth resistor are both grounded. The tenth resistor is connected between the voltage detection module and the controller. The anode of the second diode is connected to the first end of the third capacitor and the controller. The second end of the third capacitor is grounded. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the first power supply. The first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the first switching module and the first end of the eleventh resistor. The second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded. The second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the controller.

9. A power tool characterized by comprising: It includes a battery pack and a tool body connected to the battery pack, the tool body including a data exchange circuit as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A data updating system characterized by comprising: Includes a host computer, a programmer, a second interface, and the power tool as described in claim 9; In this case, the connection between the battery pack in the power tool and the tool body is disconnected, and the host computer is connected to the first interface in the tool body in sequence through the programmer and the second interface. The host computer outputs a data signal and a clock signal. The data signal is sequentially input to the controller in the tool body through the programmer, the second interface, and the first pin of the first interface. The clock signal is sequentially input to the controller in the tool body through the programmer, the second interface, and the second pin of the first interface.

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