A pitch mechanism, a hub assembly, a rotor mechanism, and an aircraft

Abstract

The utility model relates to a variable pitch mechanism, paddle hub assembly, rotor mechanism and aircraft, relate to aircraft technical field to solve the problem of complex, inconvenient maintenance or lubrication management complex of multi-bearing combination assembly in the prior art. The utility model's variable pitch mechanism, including variable pitch hinge support piece, paddle clip shell and transmission assembly, transmission assembly sets up between variable pitch hinge support piece and paddle clip shell, transmission assembly includes tapered roller bearing and bearing lubrication passageway, bearing lubrication passageway provides lubricating oil to tapered roller bearing, and tapered roller bearing provides axial and radial collaborative load for the relative motion of variable pitch hinge support piece and paddle clip shell. The utility model passes through tapered roller bearing, effectively deals with the composite load produced in the variable pitch process, and bearing lubrication passageway can continuously provide lubricating oil to tapered roller bearing, reduces friction loss, prolongs bearing service life, and improves the operation stability and reliability of variable pitch mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aircraft technology, and in particular to a variable pitch mechanism, a rotor hub assembly, a rotor mechanism, and an aircraft. Background Technology

[0002] In the power transmission system of aircraft (such as helicopters and multi-rotor UAVs), the rotor hub assembly is the core component for realizing blade pitch adjustment, and its performance directly affects the flight stability, control accuracy, and operational reliability of the aircraft. As a key component of the rotor hub assembly, the pitch mechanism mainly undertakes the function of guiding the relative motion between the rotor clip housing and the pitch hinge support. It needs to maintain stable pitch accuracy and structural strength under the combined action of centrifugal force generated by high-speed blade rotation, axial force generated by pitch drive, and complex vibration loads.

[0003] Existing variable pitch mechanisms use separate radial and axial rolling bearings (cylindrical roller bearings and thrust cylindrical bearings) to bear loads in different directions, thereby improving system stability.

[0004] However, in complex load and long-term operation scenarios, multi-bearing assembly is complicated, maintenance is inconvenient, lubrication management is complicated, and the risk of local wear is high.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a compact, efficient, and load-bearing variable pitch mechanism and its hub assembly is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] Based on the above analysis, this utility model aims to provide a variable pitch mechanism, a rotor hub assembly, and an aircraft to solve the problems of complex assembly, inconvenient maintenance, or complex lubrication management of multi-bearing combinations in the prior art.

[0007] The objective of this utility model is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: A pitch-changing mechanism includes: a pitch-changing hinge support, a propeller clamp housing, and a transmission assembly; the transmission assembly is disposed between the pitch-changing hinge support and the propeller clamp housing; the transmission assembly includes a tapered roller bearing and a bearing lubrication passage; the bearing lubrication passage provides lubricating oil to the tapered roller bearing; The tapered roller bearing provides axial and radial load-bearing for the relative movement between the variable pitch hinge support and the paddle clamp housing.

[0008] Furthermore, in the aforementioned pitch mechanism, the tapered roller bearings are located at both ends of the paddle clamp housing.

[0009] Furthermore, in the variable pitch mechanism, the bearing lubrication passage includes a lubricating oil storage cavity, which is located between the two tapered roller bearings.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned pitch mechanism, the bearing lubrication passage further includes an oil injection hole and an oil injection plug; the oil injection hole is located on the propeller clip housing and communicates with the lubricating oil storage cavity; the oil injection plug can seal the oil injection hole.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned pitch-changing mechanism, the transmission component further includes an oil seal, which is disposed on the axial end face of the tapered roller bearing away from the lubricating oil storage cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, in the pitch-changing mechanism, the transmission component further includes a fastening nut; the pitch-changing hinge support and the paddle clamp housing are provided with assembly points for the tapered roller bearing, and the fastening nut applies an axial preload to the tapered roller bearing to fix the tapered roller bearing at the assembly point.

[0013] A propeller hub assembly includes propeller blades and the aforementioned pitch control mechanism; the propeller clamp housing includes a pitch control hinge flange for connecting the pitch control mechanism to the central housing of the propeller hub.

[0014] Furthermore, the propeller hub assembly also includes a counterweight, which is disposed on the oil filler plug.

[0015] A rotor mechanism comprising the aforementioned pitch control mechanism or the aforementioned rotor hub assembly.

[0016] An aircraft comprising the aforementioned rotor mechanism.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: (1) The pitch-changing mechanism of this utility model, by setting tapered roller bearings, can provide axial and radial coordinated bearing for the relative movement of the pitch-changing hinge support and the paddle clamp housing at the same time, effectively cope with the composite loads generated during the pitch-changing process (such as axial pitch force, radial centrifugal force and vibration load), and avoid premature wear or jamming of a single bearing due to load concentration; at the same time, the bearing lubrication passage can continuously provide lubricating oil to the tapered roller bearing, reduce friction loss, extend the service life of the bearing, and improve the operational stability and reliability of the pitch-changing mechanism.

[0018] (2) In the pitch mechanism of this utility model, the bearing lubrication passage includes a lubricating oil storage cavity set between two tapered roller bearings, which can store a certain amount of lubricating oil to provide a continuous and stable lubrication supply for the tapered roller bearings at both ends. This solves the problem of easy loss and drying of grease in traditional lubrication methods, extends the lubrication cycle, and reduces bearing wear caused by insufficient lubrication. At the same time, an oil injection hole connected to the lubricating oil storage cavity is opened on the paddle clip housing and sealed with an oil injection plug. This facilitates the replenishment of lubricating oil without disassembling the pitch mechanism, simplifies the maintenance process, reduces maintenance costs, and effectively prevents lubricating oil leakage and external impurities from entering through the oil injection plug, ensuring the sealing and reliability of the lubrication passage.

[0019] (3) The rotor hub assembly of this utility model includes the above-mentioned pitch mechanism. Through the advantages of the pitch mechanism in coordinated load bearing, continuous lubrication and sealing protection, the overall operational reliability, pitch accuracy and service life of the rotor hub assembly are effectively improved, the maintenance frequency and cost of the rotor hub assembly are reduced, and the high performance requirements of the aircraft for core components are met.

[0020] (4) The aircraft of this utility model includes the above-mentioned pitch mechanism or rotor hub assembly, which can improve the flight stability, control accuracy and operation safety of the aircraft through the high load-bearing stability, precise pitch control, long-term lubrication and low maintenance characteristics of the pitch mechanism, while reducing downtime and cost caused by maintenance, and extending the overall service life and mission execution efficiency of the aircraft.

[0021] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from the details specifically pointed out in the text and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the variable pitch mechanism of Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tapered roller bearing of Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the propeller hub assembly in Embodiment 2 of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure label: 1-Variable pitch hinge support; 2-Propeller clamp housing, 21-Variable pitch hinge flange, 22-Bolt; 3-Transmission assembly, 31-Tap roller bearing, 32-Bearing lubrication passage, 321-Lubricating oil storage cavity, 322-Oil filling hole, 323-Oil filling plug, 33-Oil seal, 34-Fasting nut, 35-Outer oil seal; 4-Central housing of the propeller hub; 5-Counterweight; 6- Upper rotor rocker arm; 7-Connecting block; 8-Paddle lock nut, 81-Washer 9-Prevent resale; 10-blade; 11-Variable pitch tie rod. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1 A specific embodiment of this utility model discloses a variable pitch mechanism, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a pitch hinge support 1, a propeller clamp housing 2, and a transmission assembly 3; the transmission assembly 3 is disposed between the pitch hinge support 1 and the propeller clamp housing 2; the transmission assembly 3 includes a tapered roller bearing 31 and a bearing lubrication passage 32; the bearing lubrication passage 32 provides lubricating oil to the tapered roller bearing 31.

[0027] Among them, the tapered roller bearing 31 provides axial and radial coordinated bearing for the relative movement of the variable pitch hinge support 1 and the paddle clamp housing 2.

[0028] By setting the tapered roller bearing 31, the axial and radial loads can be provided simultaneously for the relative movement of the pitch hinge support 1 and the paddle clamp housing 2, effectively coping with the combined loads generated during the pitch change process (such as axial pitch force, radial centrifugal force and vibration load), and avoiding premature wear or jamming of a single bearing due to load concentration; at the same time, the bearing lubrication passage 32 can continuously supply lubricating oil to the tapered roller bearing 31, reducing friction loss, extending the bearing service life, and improving the operational stability and reliability of the pitch change mechanism.

[0029] Furthermore, the variable pitch hinge support 1 has a through hole for mounting the blade 10. The mounting end of the blade 10 passes through the through hole and is connected to the upper rotor rocker arm 6. At the same time, the mounting end of the blade 10 is fixed by the blade fastening nut 8. A gasket 81 is provided between the blade fastening nut 8 and the variable pitch hinge support 1. The variable pitch hinge support 1, the blade clamp housing 2, the transmission assembly 3 and the blade 10 are connected by the connecting block 7.

[0030] Furthermore, tapered roller bearings 31 are located at both ends of the propeller clamp housing 2. Placing tapered roller bearings 31 at both ends of the propeller clamp housing 2 allows for a more balanced force distribution on the relative motion between the propeller clamp housing 2 and the pitch hinge support 1, avoiding structural deformation or localized wear caused by unilateral force distribution. This further enhances the overall load-bearing capacity and motion stability of the pitch mechanism, ensuring precise control of the pitch angle of the propeller blade 10.

[0031] Furthermore, the bearing lubrication passage 32 includes a lubricating oil storage cavity 321 located between the two tapered roller bearings 31. The lubricating oil storage cavity 321 can store a certain amount of lubricating oil, providing a continuous and stable lubrication supply to the tapered roller bearings 31 at both ends. Simultaneously, the bearing lubrication passage 32 also includes an oil injection hole 322 and an oil injection plug 323; the oil injection hole 322 is located on the paddle clamp housing 2 and connects to the lubricating oil storage cavity 321; the oil injection plug 323 seals the oil injection hole 322. The oil injection hole 322, in conjunction with the oil injection plug 323, achieves a seal, facilitating the replenishment of lubricating oil without disassembling the pitch mechanism, simplifying the maintenance process and reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, the oil injection plug 323 effectively prevents lubricating oil leakage and the intrusion of external impurities, ensuring the sealing and reliability of the lubrication passage.

[0032] Furthermore, the transmission assembly 3 also includes an oil seal 33, which is disposed at the mating point of the tapered roller bearing 31 on the axial end face away from the lubricating oil storage cavity 321. The oil seal 33 further enhances the sealing effect, preventing lubricating oil from leaking from the bearing end face and ensuring sufficient oil in the lubricating oil storage cavity 321. It also prevents external dust, moisture, and other impurities from entering the bearing, avoiding lubricating oil contamination and bearing corrosion, and improving the anti-contamination capability and service life of the pitch mechanism. In some embodiments, an outer oil seal 35 is also provided on the side of the oil seal 33 away from the tapered roller bearing 31.

[0033] Furthermore, the transmission assembly 3 also includes a fastening nut 34; the pitch-changing hinge support 1 and the propeller clamp housing 2 are provided with assembly points for the tapered roller bearing 31. The fastening nut 34 applies an axial preload to the tapered roller bearing 31, fixing the tapered roller bearing 31 to the assembly point. By applying an axial preload to the tapered roller bearing 31 with the fastening nut 34 and fixing it to the assembly point, the axial clearance of the bearing can be eliminated, avoiding the movement of the propeller clamp housing 2 and the pitch-changing hinge support 1 due to clearance during pitch changing, thus improving pitch changing accuracy; at the same time, the preload can enhance the connection between the bearing and the assembly point, improving the structural stability of the pitch-changing mechanism under high-speed rotation and complex loads.

[0034] Example 2 A specific embodiment of this utility model discloses a propeller hub assembly, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes blade 10 and the pitch-changing mechanism described in Embodiment 1.

[0035] The advantages of the pitch mechanism in terms of coordinated load bearing, continuous lubrication, and sealing protection effectively improve the overall operational reliability, pitch accuracy, and service life of the propeller hub assembly, while reducing the maintenance frequency and cost of the propeller hub assembly.

[0036] Furthermore, the propeller clamp housing 2 also includes a pitch-changing hinge flange 21, which connects the pitch-changing mechanism to the propeller hub central housing 4 via bolts 22. The connection between the propeller clamp housing 2 and the propeller hub central housing via the pitch-changing hinge flange 21 enhances the connection strength and stability between the pitch-changing mechanism and the propeller hub central housing, while simplifying the disassembly and assembly process, facilitating later maintenance or component replacement, and improving the assembly efficiency and structural integrity of the propeller hub assembly.

[0037] Furthermore, it also includes an anti-rotation pin 9, which passes through the pitch hinge support 1 and the blade 10 at the end of the pitch hinge support 1 away from the central housing 4 of the propeller hub.

[0038] Furthermore, the propeller hub assembly also includes a counterweight 5, which is disposed on the oil filler plug 323.

[0039] Furthermore, the upper rotor rocker arm 6 is connected to the pitch control rod 11.

[0040] The counterweight 5 is located on the oil filler plug 323, near the core or rotation center of the pitch mechanism. It has a short lever arm and a gentle centrifugal torque, which can provide delicate and stable balance adjustment for the pitch of the propeller 10. When combined with drive components such as servos, it can achieve more precise angle of attack control, which is suitable for the high pitch accuracy requirements of aircraft. The counterweight 5 is close to the core of the pitch mechanism, which can directly use centrifugal force to counteract pitch resistance (such as friction and medium resistance). At the same time, due to its small moment of inertia, the load on the drive components for pitch change is significantly reduced, which saves energy and extends the life of the drive components.

[0041] Example 3 A specific embodiment of this utility model discloses a rotor mechanism, including the aforementioned pitch-changing mechanism or the aforementioned rotor hub assembly, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0042] The axial and radial coordinated load-bearing capacity of the tapered roller bearing 31 in the pitch mechanism enables the rotor mechanism to maintain stable relative motion under the combined loads of centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the blade 10 and axial force generated by pitch adjustment, avoiding component wear or jamming caused by load concentration and ensuring the accuracy of rotor pitch change action. The continuous oil supply and sealing design of the bearing lubrication passage 32 (including lubricating oil storage cavity 321, oil injection hole 322, and oil seal 33) reduces bearing friction loss, extends the maintenance cycle of the rotor mechanism, and reduces the risk of failure due to insufficient lubrication. The pitch hinge flange 21 connection structure and integrated counterweight 5 design of the rotor hub assembly further enhance the structural integrity and dynamic balance performance of the rotor mechanism and reduce vibration interference during high-speed rotation.

[0043] Example 4 A specific embodiment of this utility model discloses an aircraft including the aforementioned rotor mechanism. The aircraft described in this embodiment can improve flight stability, control precision, and operational safety through the high load-bearing stability, precise pitch control, long-term lubrication, and low maintenance characteristics of the pitch-changing mechanism. Simultaneously, it reduces downtime and costs caused by maintenance, extending the overall service life and mission execution efficiency of the aircraft.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A variable pitch mechanism, characterized in that, include: A pitch hinge support (1), a propeller clamp housing (2), and a transmission assembly (3); the transmission assembly (3) is disposed between the pitch hinge support (1) and the propeller clamp housing (2); the transmission assembly (3) includes a tapered roller bearing (31) and a bearing lubrication passage (32); the bearing lubrication passage (32) provides lubricating oil to the tapered roller bearing (31); The tapered roller bearing (31) provides axial and radial load bearing for the relative movement of the variable pitch hinge support (1) and the paddle clamp housing (2).

2. The variable pitch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tapered roller bearing (31) is located at both ends of the paddle clamp housing (2).

3. The variable pitch mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bearing lubrication passage (32) includes a lubricating oil storage cavity (321) located between the two tapered roller bearings (31).

4. The variable pitch mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bearing lubrication passage (32) also includes an oil injection hole (322) and an oil injection plug (323); the oil injection hole (322) is opened on the propeller clip housing (2) and the oil injection hole (322) is connected to the lubricating oil storage cavity (321); the oil injection plug (323) can seal the oil injection hole (322).

5. The variable pitch mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (3) also includes an oil seal (33), which is disposed on the axial end face of the tapered roller bearing (31) away from the lubricating oil storage cavity (321).

6. The variable pitch mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (3) also includes a fastening nut (34); the variable pitch hinge support (1) and the paddle clamp housing (2) are provided with assembly points for the tapered roller bearing (31), and the fastening nut (34) applies axial preload to the tapered roller bearing (31) to fix the tapered roller bearing (31) at the assembly point.

7. A propeller hub assembly, characterized in that, Includes a blade (10) and a pitch mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; the blade clamp housing (2) includes a pitch hinge flange (21) for connecting the pitch mechanism to the central housing (4) of the blade hub.

8. The propeller hub assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a counterweight (5), which is disposed on the oil filler plug (323).

9. A rotor mechanism, characterized in that, Includes the propeller hub assembly as described in any one of claims 7 to 8.

10. An aircraft, characterized in that, Includes the rotor mechanism as described in claim 9.

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