A structure of a pulverizing roller of a medicinal material pulverizer

Abstract

The utility model belongs to medicinal material processing equipment technical field especially relates to a kind of comminution roller structure of medicinal material pulverizer, comprising: comminution roller body, and the both ends of comminution roller body are provided with roll shaft;Further comprising: assembly slot, assembly slot has several and several assembly slots are along the axial and circumferential staggered interval distribution of comminution roller body;Comminution tooth, comminution tooth is detachably set on assembly slot by bolt;Wherein, comminution tooth has welding covering layer or hard surface overlaying layer for improving wear resistance, relative to prior art, the utility model significantly reduces maintenance cost and production loss, effectively improves the service life of comminution tooth, reduces replacement frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of medicinal material processing equipment, and in particular relates to a crushing roller structure for a medicinal material crusher. Background Technology

[0002] A medicinal herb pulverizer is a machine used for pulverizing traditional Chinese medicine. It generally uses pulverizing rollers or pulverizing blades to pulverize Chinese medicinal herbs to the target fineness. For example, the patent application number CN202321850279.3 discloses a medicinal herb pulverizer that is easy to clean. After the operator puts the medicinal herbs into the feed hopper, they are pulverized by the relatively rotating pulverizing rollers. The pulverized medicinal herbs fall onto the filter screen, and the medicinal herbs of qualified size are screened out by the cooperation of the vibrating motor and the filter screen. The existing herbal medicine pulverizer suffers from rapid wear of the pulverizing roller teeth during use, requires frequent maintenance, and necessitates complete replacement during maintenance, resulting in high maintenance costs. Therefore, improvements are necessary. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing a pulverizing roller structure for a medicinal herb pulverizer, thereby effectively reducing maintenance costs.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a pulverizing roller structure for a medicinal herb pulverizer, comprising: A crushing roller body, wherein roller shafts are provided at both ends of the crushing roller body; Also includes: The assembly groove has a plurality of grooves, which are distributed alternately along the axial and circumferential directions of the crushing roller body. Crushing teeth, which are detachably mounted on the mounting slot by bolts; The pulverizing teeth have a welded cover or hardface weld overlay to improve wear resistance.

[0005] In this technical solution, when maintaining the crushing roller, the crushing teeth are removed from the crushing roller body by loosening the bolts. The crushing teeth are designed to be detachable, so only the crushing teeth need to be replaced after wear, without replacing the roller body. Furthermore, crushing teeth with significant wear can be replaced individually, which significantly reduces maintenance costs and production losses. The wear-resistant layer (welded cover layer or hard surface weld layer) on the working surface of the crushing teeth has high wear resistance, which effectively improves the service life of the crushing teeth and reduces the replacement frequency.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the pulverizing teeth further include: An assembly, the bottom end of which is fixedly fitted to an assembly groove by bolts; A tooth assembly part, wherein the tooth assembly part is disposed on the assembly body and is integrally formed with the assembly body; The tooth body is fixedly mounted on the tooth assembly part by bolts.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the tooth body has two integrally formed upper and lower cutting teeth, and the upper cutting teeth of the tooth body is composed of multiple cutting claws.

[0008] Furthermore, the above technical solution also includes: Anti-loosening washer, which is fitted onto the bolt to prevent the bolt from loosening after tightening.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the anti-loosening gasket further includes: The gasket body has a flange surrounding its anti-loosening surface to prevent bending. A groove is provided on the inside of the flange to reduce stress concentration; The anti-loosening toothed ring assembly is composed of several wedge-shaped bodies arranged concentrically on the anti-loosening surface of the gasket body; The curved chamfer is located on the back of the gasket body to avoid stress concentration at sharp corners.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. It adopts a detachable crushing tooth design, so only the tooth body needs to be replaced after wear, without replacing the roller body; and it can replace the crushing teeth with more wear individually, which significantly reduces maintenance costs and production losses.

[0011] 2. The wear-resistant layer (welded cover or hard surface weld overlay) on the working surface of the pulverizing tooth has high wear resistance, which can effectively improve the service life of the pulverizing tooth and reduce the replacement frequency.

[0012] 3. The self-locking anti-loosening design of the anti-loosening gasket can effectively resist the vibration generated by the high-speed rotation of the crushing roller, effectively reduce the bolt loosening rate, prevent the crushing teeth from shifting or falling off, improve the safety of equipment operation, and the structural design of the anti-loosening gasket can also prevent the gasket body from deforming, improve the uniformity of force distribution of the gasket body, and reduce stress concentration. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing roller structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pulverizing tooth structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the crushing tooth structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-loosening gasket structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-loosening gasket of this utility model.

[0020] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Crushing roller body; 2. Assembly groove; 3. Crushing teeth; 30. Assembly body; 31. Tooth body assembly; 32. Tooth body; 320. Cutting tooth part; 3201. Cutting claw; 4. Bolt; 5. Anti-loosening washer; 50. Wasteher body; 51. Flange; 52. Groove; 53. Anti-loosening tooth ring assembly; 54. Arc-shaped chamfer; 6. Positioning groove; 7. Positioning block; 8. Positioning protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0023] Crushing roller body 1 and roller shaft Crushing Roller 1: This is the basic load-bearing component for crushing operations. It is made of high-strength alloy steel (such as 40Cr) and is heat-treated. The outer circumferential surface of the roller is a smooth cylindrical surface, which is used to open the assembly groove 2. Roller shaft: It is coaxially arranged with the crushing roller body 1 and is integrally formed with the roller body by integral forging process. The coaxiality error is ≤0.05mm. Bearing mating sections are set at both ends of the roller shaft for mating with deep groove ball bearings or self-aligning roller bearings to realize the rotational support of the crushing roller body 1. The surface roughness of the bearing mating section is ≤Ra0.8μm.

[0024] Assembly slot 2 Assembly grooves 2 are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the crushing roller body 1; several assembly grooves 2 are staggered along the axial and circumferential directions of the crushing roller body 1 - arranged in multiple rings in the axial direction (e.g., 6-8 rings), each ring of assembly grooves 2 includes at least 4 grooves evenly spaced in the circumferential direction, and the assembly grooves 2 of adjacent rings are staggered in the circumferential direction (e.g., staggered by 45°) to form "staggered tooth rows"; this design can avoid gaps between crushing teeth 3, prevent the medicine from being cut incompletely, and at the same time make the crushing force evenly distributed and reduce local stress concentration of the roller body. Tank structure: Assembly tank 2 has a rectangular cross-section, and two types of structures are provided on the bottom surface of the tank: Screw holes: There are 2-3 screw holes (such as M12 screw holes), which are used to connect the crushing teeth 3 through the bolt 4. The depth of the screw holes is ≥ 1.5 times the nominal diameter of the bolt 4 to ensure the connection strength. Positioning groove 6: It is rectangular or dovetail shaped and is opened between the screw holes. It is used to cooperate with the positioning block 7 of the crushing tooth 3 to achieve the initial positioning of the crushing tooth 3. The gap between the positioning groove 6 and the positioning block 7 is ≤0.1mm to avoid radial movement of the crushing tooth 3 after assembly.

[0025] Crushing teeth 3 Assembly 30: Connects the crushing teeth 3 and the crushing roller body 1, providing support for the tooth assembly part 31; made of wear-resistant cast iron (such as QT500-7). It has a positioning block 7, which is set at the bottom of the assembly 30 and matches the positioning groove 6 of the assembly groove 2 (such as a cuboid shape, with a size and gap between the positioning groove 6 and the cuboid ≤0.1mm). During assembly, it is embedded in the positioning groove 6 to achieve preliminary radial and circumferential positioning of the crushing teeth 3, preventing the crushing teeth 3 from shifting before the bolt 4 is tightened; it also has a screw through hole, which is opened at the position of the screw hole in the assembly groove 2. The hole diameter is 0.5-1mm larger than the nominal diameter of the bolt 4 (such as when the bolt 4 is M12, the through hole diameter is 12.5mm) to facilitate the bolt 4 to pass through. The roughness of the inner wall of the through hole is ≤Ra1.6μm to avoid scratching the threads of the bolt 4. Gear assembly 31: Connects the assembly 30 and the gear body 32, providing positioning and support for the gear body 32; it is integrally formed with the assembly 30 by sand casting, and the material is the same as the assembly 30 (QT500-7), ensuring structural integrity and connection strength. It has screw holes on the assembly surface of the gear assembly 31 for connecting the gear body 32 with bolts 4, the depth of which is ≥ 1.2 times the nominal diameter of the bolt 4; it also has a positioning protrusion 8 in the middle of the assembly surface of the gear assembly 31, which engages with the positioning groove 52 of the gear body 32 to prevent rotational displacement of the gear body 32 during crushing. The surface roughness of the protrusion is ≤ Ra3.2μm to ensure a good fit with the groove 52.

[0026] The main body 32 is made of 45 steel after normalizing (hardness HRC18-22). It includes two cutting teeth 320 integrally formed, forming a "double-stage cutting" structure. The upper cutting tooth 320 consists of 3-5 radially distributed cutting claws 3201. The cutting claws 3201 have pointed tips (cutting edge angle 30°-45°) and the cutting edges are ground (roughness ≤ Ra0.8μm) to facilitate penetration into the medicinal material, enhance gripping ability, and prevent the medicinal material from slipping due to centrifugal force. The sides of the cutting claws 3201 are curved transition surfaces. The cutting edge has a radius of curvature of 5-8mm, reducing the accumulation of medicinal material debris and facilitating cleaning. The lower cutting teeth 320 can be elongated or continuous arc-shaped (radius of curvature 8-12mm), complementing the movement trajectory of the upper cutting claw 3201. This allows for secondary compression and cutting of the initially cut medicinal material, refining the particle size. Simultaneously, the arc-shaped cutting edge reduces stress concentration and prevents edge breakage. It also features a positioning groove 52, located on the back of the tooth body 32, which matches the positioning protrusion 8 of the tooth body assembly part 31. During assembly, the protrusion embeds into the groove 52, achieving circumferential positioning of the tooth body 32. This includes a screw through-hole, which is opened at the position of the screw hole in the gear assembly part 31. The hole diameter is 0.5mm larger than the nominal diameter of the bolt 4 (e.g., if the bolt 4 is M10, the through-hole diameter is 10.5mm) to facilitate the bolt 4 to pass through. It also includes a wear-resistant layer. To improve wear resistance, a weld overlay or hardface weld overlay is provided on the working surface of the gear body 32 (outer surface of the cutting claw 3201, arc-shaped cutting edge surface). The weld overlay uses a high-temperature welding process (such as oxy-acetylene flame welding, arc welding) to molten WC-Co cemented carbide (or Cr-Mo-V wear-resistant alloy) in a molten state (temperature ≥ 100°C). The coating (1200℃) is applied to the surface of the tooth body 32, forming a metallurgical bond with the base metal (bonding strength ≥300MPa). The coating thickness is uniform (1-3mm), the surface hardness reaches HRC65-70, and the wear resistance is 3-5 times that of quenched treatment. The hardface weld overlay is made using submerged arc welding, with Cr-Mo-V alloy welding wire as the welding material. The arc is protected by flux (such as HJ431) to reduce oxidation and impurity contamination. After welding, the stress is relieved by low-temperature tempering (200-250℃, holding for 2-3h). The hardness of the weld overlay reaches HRC60-65, and the impact toughness is ≥15J / cm. 2 It is suitable for crushing root and rhizome medicinal materials with high hardness.

[0027] Anti-loosening gasket 5 The anti-loosening washer 5, fitted onto the connecting bolt 4, includes a washer body 50, made of 65Mn spring steel through quenching and tempering (hardness HRC40-45), circular in shape, with an inner diameter matching the nominal diameter of the bolt 4 (gap ≤0.2mm), and an outer diameter 2-2.5 times the inner diameter to ensure support area; it also includes a flange 51, which surrounds the anti-loosening surface of the washer body 50 (facing the connected part), with a semi-circular cross-section (height 1-2mm), used to enhance the rigidity of the washer body 50 and prevent the washer from bending and deforming when the bolt 4 is tightened, thereby preventing anti-loosening failure; it also includes a groove 52, which is formed inside the flange 51, with an arc-shaped cross-section (radius of curvature 1-1.5mm), used to reduce the flange... Stress concentration at the connection between 51 and the gasket body 50 is prevented from causing fatigue cracking of the gasket due to vibration. It also includes an anti-loosening toothed ring assembly 53, which consists of 2-3 concentrically arranged wedges. The cross-section of each wedge is a right-angled triangle (wedge angle 30°-45°, less than the friction angle between the bolt 4 and the contact surface), and the wedge height is 0.5-1mm. When the bolt 4 shows signs of loosening, the inclined surface of the wedge generates a self-locking force, preventing the bolt 4 from rotating. The anti-loosening effect is 5-8 times that of ordinary flat gaskets. It also includes an arc-shaped chamfered portion 54, which is located on the back of the gasket body 50 (facing the head of the bolt 4), with a chamfer radius of 0.5-1mm. This prevents sharp-angle stress from occurring when the back of the gasket contacts the head of the bolt 4, thus preventing wear on the head of the bolt 4 or the gasket.

[0028] Working principle Assembly process Pre-treatment: Clean the iron filings, dust and other impurities in the assembly groove 2 of the crushing roller body 1 to ensure that the positioning groove 6 and screw holes are clean; clean the positioning block 7 and screw through hole of the assembly body 30, the positioning protrusion 8 and screw hole of the tooth body assembly part 31, the positioning groove 52, screw through hole and anti-loosening washer 5 of the tooth body body 32 to avoid impurities affecting the assembly accuracy. Connection of assembly 30 to roller: Align the positioning block 7 of assembly 30 with the positioning groove 6 of assembly groove 2, and slowly insert it into the groove so that the bottom surface of assembly 30 fits against the bottom surface of the groove; take an 8.8 grade high strength bolt 4 (such as M12), pass it through the screw hole of assembly 30, and put an anti-loosening washer 5 between the head of bolt 4 and assembly 30 (anti-loosening surface facing assembly 30). Tighten bolt 4 with a torque wrench to the specified torque (such as 50-60 N·m) to ensure that assembly 30 and roller are not loose.

[0029] Connecting the tooth body 32 to the tooth assembly part 31: Align the positioning groove 52 of the tooth body 32 with the positioning protrusion 8 of the tooth assembly part 31, slowly lower the tooth body 32 so that the back of the tooth body 32 fits against the top surface of the assembly part; take an 8.8 grade high strength bolt 4 (such as M10), pass it through the screw hole of the tooth body 32, and put an anti-loosening washer 5 between the head of the bolt 4 and the tooth body 32 (anti-loosening surface facing the tooth body 32), and tighten the bolt 4 with a torque wrench to the specified torque (such as 30-40 N·m) to complete the assembly of a single crushing tooth 3. Overall inspection: Repeat the above steps to complete the assembly of all crushing teeth 3; rotate the crushing roller 1 to check whether the crushing teeth 3 interfere with the roller body, shake the crushing teeth 3 by hand to confirm that there is no looseness; measure the radial runout of the crushing teeth 3 (≤0.1mm) to ensure assembly accuracy. Crushing process Equipment installation: Install the assembled crushing roller structure onto the frame of the herbal medicine crusher. The roller shaft is connected to the frame through bearings. The two crushing rollers are set in parallel and opposite directions. The gap between the rollers can be adjusted according to the target crushing particle size (e.g., 0.5-3mm). The motor drives the crushing rollers to rotate through belt drive or gear drive. The two rollers rotate in opposite directions (speed 300-500r / min). Herbal Grinding: The operator feeds Chinese medicinal herbs (such as angelica and notoginseng) into the feed hopper, and the herbs fall between two grinding rollers under gravity. Cutting: The cutting claws 3201 of the upper cutting tooth section 320 rotate with the roller body, and the sharp teeth penetrate into the inside of the medicinal material, grasp the medicinal material and bring it into the roller; the cutting claws 3201 of the adjacent crushing rollers generate squeezing and shearing forces on the medicinal material, cutting the medicinal material into small pieces; Screening output: The pulverized medicinal materials fall into the filter screen below. Medicinal materials with qualified particle size are discharged through the screen, while unqualified coarse materials are returned to the pulverizing roller via the reflux device for secondary pulverization. Wear resistance and anti-loosening guarantee: During the crushing process, the welded cover layer or hard surface weld layer on the surface of the tooth body 32 directly bears the friction and impact, and the high hardness characteristics (HRC60-70) effectively resist wear; the wedge-shaped anti-loosening shim 5 prevents the bolt 4 from loosening through self-locking force, and the positioning structure (positioning block 7-positioning groove 6, positioning protrusion 8-positioning groove 52) prevents the crushing tooth 3 from shifting, ensuring continuous and stable crushing operation.

[0030] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A pulverizing roller structure for a medicinal herb pulverizer, comprising: Crushing roller body (1), with roller shafts provided at both ends of the crushing roller body (1); Its characteristic is that it further includes: Assembly groove (2), the assembly groove (2) having a plurality of it and the plurality of assembly grooves (2) being staggered and spaced along the axial and circumferential directions of the crushing roller body (1); Crushing teeth (3), which are detachably mounted on the mounting slot (2) by bolts (4); The crushing tooth (3) has a welded cover or hard surface weld overlay to improve wear resistance.

2. The pulverizing roller structure of a medicinal herb pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulverizing teeth (3) also include: Assembly (30), the bottom end of which is fixedly engaged with the assembly groove (2) by bolts (4); Tooth assembly part (31), the tooth assembly part (31) is disposed on the assembly body (30) and the tooth assembly part (31) and the assembly body (30) are integrally formed; The tooth body (32) is fixedly mounted on the tooth assembly part (31) by bolts (4).

3. The pulverizing roller structure of a medicinal herb pulverizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooth body (32) has two integrally formed upper and lower cutting teeth (320), and the upper cutting teeth (320) of the tooth body (32) is composed of multiple cutting claws (3201).

4. The pulverizing roller structure of a medicinal herb pulverizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Anti-loosening washer (5), which is fitted on bolt (4) to prevent bolt (4) from loosening after tightening.

5. The pulverizing roller structure of a medicinal herb pulverizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The anti-loosening gasket (5) also includes: Gasket body (50), wherein a flange (51) for preventing the gasket body (50) from bending is provided around the anti-loosening surface; A groove (52) is provided on the inner side of the flange (51) to reduce stress concentration; Anti-loosening toothed ring assembly (53), wherein the anti-loosening toothed ring assembly (53) is composed of several wedge-shaped bodies arranged concentrically on the anti-loosening surface of the gasket body (50); An arc-shaped chamfer (54) is provided on the back of the gasket body (50) to avoid stress concentration at sharp corners.

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