A four-spindle drilling and tapping machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a four main shaft drilling and tapping machine, include: machine table, and the workbench is set up along Y axle activity, portal frame body, milling head sliding seat, set up in the output of X axle activity mechanism, and the milling head sliding seat is provided with four Z axle activity mechanism, and the output of Z axle activity mechanism is provided with main shaft drilling and tapping part, main shaft drilling and tapping part, set up in the output of Z axle activity mechanism, include: drill and tap main shaft, main shaft box, servo drive module, adjustable inclination angle tool magazine, automatic tool changing mechanical arm. The portal bed body of the application is integrated casting with the reinforced rib plate, the vibration displacement when four main shafts are full load, the workbench Y axle double guide rail support, and the bearing capacity is promoted, four independent Z axle push rod motor synchronous processing 4 kinds of height difference workpieces, and the four Z axle activity mechanism is split type design and eliminates the multi main shaft movement interference, and the distributed adjustable inclination angle tool magazine realizes stepless avoidance through worm and arc guide rail mechanism, and the tool magazine inclination angle is adjusted and locked pin fixed, and the tool changing path is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tools, and in particular to a four-spindle drilling and tapping machine. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional multi-spindle drilling and tapping machines generally suffer from three major technical defects:

[0003] Insufficient rigidity: The parallel spindle layout leads to uneven load distribution on the gantry structure, especially when four spindles are machining simultaneously, the bed vibration exceeds the standard, affecting the accuracy of hole positions;

[0004] Poor process adaptability: The multi-spindle Z-axis linkage mechanism cannot independently adjust the height, making it difficult to process stepped or inclined workpieces;

[0005] Tool changing space interference: When fixed-angle tool magazines are densely arranged, the robotic arm is prone to collision with adjacent tools. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a four-spindle drilling and tapping machine to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a four-spindle drilling and tapping machine is provided, comprising:

[0008] The machine tool has a worktable that is movably arranged along the Y-axis. A Y-axis linear motor is installed on the top surface of the machine tool, and Y-axis guide rails are respectively arranged on both sides of the Y-axis linear motor along the Y-axis direction. Y-axis sliders are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom surface of the worktable corresponding to the Y-axis guide rails.

[0009] A gantry frame is mounted on the machine platform. An X-axis movable mechanism is provided on the top of the gantry frame. The gantry frame includes support blocks mounted on both sides of the machine platform and a crossbeam connecting the two support blocks. The crossbeam has an X-axis movable slot. The X-axis movable mechanism includes an X-axis push rod motor located at the end of the X-axis movable slot. X-axis guide rails are provided on both sides of the X-axis movable slot.

[0010] A milling head slide is located at the output end of the X-axis movable mechanism. A connecting block is provided at the bottom of the milling head slide, and the connecting block is screwed to the output end of the X-axis push rod motor. An X-axis slider is provided on the bottom surface of the milling head slide corresponding to the X-axis guide rail. The milling head slide is provided with four Z-axis movable mechanisms. A spindle drilling and tapping component is provided at the output end of the Z-axis movable mechanism. The Z-axis movable mechanism includes a Z-axis push rod motor located at the top corner of the milling head slide, and the spindle drilling and tapping component is located at the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor.

[0011] The main spindle drilling and tapping assembly, located at the output end of the Z-axis movable mechanism, includes: a drilling and tapping spindle connected to the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor via a coupling; a spindle box sleeved outside the drilling and tapping spindle; a servo drive module driving the drilling and tapping spindle to rotate; an adjustable tilt tool magazine mounted on the side wall of the milling head slide via a universal bracket; and an automatic tool changer hinged between the spindle box and the adjustable tilt tool magazine.

[0012] In some embodiments, the Z-axis moving mechanism further includes a bidirectional balancing cylinder, the piston rod of which is connected to the drill and tap spindle to counteract the Z-axis off-center load generated by the weight of the drill and tap spindle.

[0013] In some embodiments, the top surface of the workbench is provided with T-slots at intervals.

[0014] In some embodiments, the adjustable tilt angle tool magazine includes: a base rotating disk, disposed on the universal bracket, the edge of the base rotating disk being provided with a worm gear ring; a worm drive shaft, driven by the servo drive module and meshing with the worm gear ring; an arc-shaped guide rail, the guide rail surface of which has an angle positioning hole; and a locking pin, inserted into the angle positioning hole to fix the tilt angle.

[0015] In some embodiments, the servo drive module includes: a spindle drive unit directly connected to the drilling and tapping spindle and controlling its rotational motion; and a tool magazine drive unit that drives the worm gear transmission shaft via a worm gear reducer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the spindle drive unit is a permanent magnet synchronous motor; the tool magazine drive unit is a servo geared motor.

[0017] In some embodiments, the machine base and the gantry frame are integrally cast.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0019] This invention achieves three major breakthrough advantages through a gantry-type four-spindle architecture:

[0020] 1. The gantry bed and reinforcing ribs are cast as a single piece, allowing for vibration displacement of the four spindles under full load. The worktable is supported by double guide rails on the Y-axis, increasing its load-bearing capacity.

[0021] 2. Four independent Z-axis push rod motors synchronously process workpieces with four different height differences. The split design of the four Z-axis moving mechanisms eliminates interference from multiple spindle movements.

[0022] 3. The distributed adjustable tilt tool magazine achieves stepless avoidance through a worm gear and arc-shaped guide rail mechanism. After the tool magazine tilt angle is adjusted, it is fixed by locking pins, shortening the tool change path. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the machine base and the gantry frame of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the milling head slide and the spindle drilling and tapping component of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] refer to Figures 1 to 3 This application provides a four-spindle drilling and tapping machine, comprising:

[0028] The machine base 1 has a worktable 2 that is movably arranged along the Y-axis. A Y-axis linear motor is arranged on the top surface of the machine base 1, and Y-axis guide rails 3 are arranged on both sides of the Y-axis linear motor along the Y-axis direction. Y-axis sliders are arranged on both sides of the bottom surface of the worktable 2 corresponding to the Y-axis guide rails 3.

[0029] A gantry frame is mounted on the machine base 1. An X-axis movable mechanism is provided on the top of the gantry frame. The gantry frame includes support blocks 4 mounted on both sides of the machine base 1 and a crossbeam 5 connecting the support blocks 4 on both sides. The crossbeam 5 has an X-axis movable groove 6. The X-axis movable mechanism includes an X-axis push rod motor 7 located at the end of the X-axis movable groove 6. X-axis guide rails 8 are respectively provided on both sides of the X-axis movable groove 6.

[0030] A milling head slide 9 is located at the output end of the X-axis movable mechanism. A connecting block is provided at the bottom of the milling head slide 9. The connecting block is screwed to the output end of the X-axis push rod motor 7. An X-axis slider is provided on the bottom surface of the milling head slide corresponding to the X-axis guide rail 8. The milling head slide 9 is provided with four Z-axis movable mechanisms 10. A spindle drilling and tapping component 11 is provided at the output end of the Z-axis movable mechanism 10. The Z-axis movable mechanism 10 includes a Z-axis push rod motor located at the top corner of the milling head slide 9. The spindle drilling and tapping component 11 is located at the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor.

[0031] The main spindle drilling and tapping component 11 is located at the output end of the Z-axis movable mechanism 10 and includes: a drilling and tapping spindle 12, which is connected to the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor via a coupling; a spindle box 13, which is sleeved on the outside of the drilling and tapping spindle 12; a servo drive module, which drives the drilling and tapping spindle 12 to rotate; an adjustable tilt angle tool magazine 14, which is mounted on the side wall of the milling head slide 9 via a universal bracket 15; and an automatic tool changer, which is hinged between the spindle box 13 and the adjustable tilt angle tool magazine 14.

[0032] The worktable moves along the Y-axis, the milling head slide moves along the X-axis, and the four Z-axis can be independently raised and lowered, allowing for the simultaneous processing of four complex curved surface workpieces.

[0033] In some embodiments, the Z-axis moving mechanism 10 further includes a bidirectional balancing cylinder, the piston rod of which is connected to the drilling and tapping spindle 12 to counteract the Z-axis off-center load force generated by the weight of the drilling and tapping spindle 12, thereby eliminating the Z-axis gravity off-center load error: the bidirectional balancing cylinder counteracts the weight of the spindle, thus improving the Z-axis downward positioning accuracy.

[0034] In some embodiments, the top surface of the workbench 2 is provided with T-slots at intervals to achieve efficient clamping in four positions.

[0035] In some embodiments, the adjustable tilt angle tool magazine 14 includes: a base rotating disk, disposed on the universal bracket 15, the edge of the base rotating disk being provided with a worm gear ring; a worm drive shaft, driven by the servo drive module and meshing with the worm gear ring; an arc-shaped guide rail, the guide rail surface of which is provided with an angle positioning hole; and a locking pin 16, inserted into the angle positioning hole to fix the tilt angle.

[0036] In some embodiments, the servo drive module includes: a spindle drive unit, directly connected to the drilling and tapping spindle 12 and controlling its rotational movement; and a tool magazine drive unit, which drives the worm gear transmission shaft through a worm gear reducer.

[0037] In some embodiments, the spindle drive unit is a permanent magnet synchronous motor; the tool magazine drive unit is a servo geared motor.

[0038] In some embodiments, the machine base 1 and the gantry frame are integrally cast.

[0039] Detailed processing flow (Example of automotive gearbox housing processing)

[0040] Four-station synchronous clamping: Install hydraulic clamps on the T-slot of worktable 2 to fix four ADC12 aluminum alloy workpieces to the four quadrant positions of worktable 2 respectively.

[0041] Adjust the travel of the four Z-axis independently according to the height difference of the stepped holes in the workpiece:

[0042] The Z1 axis is reduced to 150mm (for machining the upper cover plate);

[0043] The Z2 axis is reduced to 120mm (for machining the bearing housing);

[0044] The Z3 axis is reduced to 180mm (for machining the oil passage surface);

[0045] The Z4 axis is reduced to 100mm (machined connecting flange);

[0046] The bidirectional balancing cylinder is pressurized to 0.6MPa to counteract the downward eccentric load force generated by the self-weight of the drilling and tapping spindle 12.

[0047] Four-spindle synchronous drilling:

[0048] The servo drive module's spindle drive unit outputs a speed of 3000 RPM and a torque of 80 Nm, enabling four spindles to simultaneously drill a Φ10mm through hole.

[0049] Feed rate: 800 mm / min, single hole machining time: 12 seconds / hole;

[0050] The integrated casting machine base 1 and gantry frame body suppress vibration displacement to ≤0.015mm.

[0051] Adjust the tilt angle of the No. 1 tool magazine for interference-free tool changing and tapping to 35°:

[0052] Loosen the locking pin 16, push the arc-shaped guide rail to the 35° positioning hole and lock it. The tool magazine drive unit of the servo drive module drives the base rotary table to the tool changing station through the worm gear transmission shaft. The four spindles switch to the tapping mode in sequence, with a speed of 150 RPM and a tapping depth of 20 mm.

[0053] Finished product testing and data recording:

[0054] The accuracy of all threaded holes on four workpieces was inspected: positional accuracy ≤ ±0.02mm, perpendicularity ≤ 0.01mm / m. There was no tool interference throughout the process. Compared to traditional equipment, the defect rate decreased from 3.2% to 0.05%.

[0055] This invention achieves three major breakthrough advantages through a gantry-type four-spindle architecture:

[0056] The gantry bed and reinforcing ribs are cast as a single piece, allowing for vibration displacement of the four main spindles under full load. The worktable is supported by double guide rails on the 2Y axis, improving its load-bearing capacity.

[0057] Four independent Z-axis push rod motors synchronously process workpieces with four different height differences, and the four Z-axis moving mechanisms are designed in a 10-part split structure to eliminate interference from multiple spindle motions;

[0058] The distributed adjustable tilt tool magazine 14 achieves stepless avoidance through a worm gear and arc guide rail mechanism. After the tool magazine tilt angle is adjusted, the locking pin 16 is fixed, and the tool changing path is shortened.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A four-spindle drilling and tapping machine, characterized in that, include: The machine tool has a worktable that is movably arranged along the Y-axis. A Y-axis linear motor is installed on the top surface of the machine tool, and Y-axis guide rails are respectively arranged on both sides of the Y-axis linear motor along the Y-axis direction. Y-axis sliders are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom surface of the worktable corresponding to the Y-axis guide rails. A gantry frame is mounted on the machine platform. An X-axis movable mechanism is provided on the top of the gantry frame. The gantry frame includes support blocks mounted on both sides of the machine platform and a crossbeam connecting the two support blocks. The crossbeam has an X-axis movable slot. The X-axis movable mechanism includes an X-axis push rod motor located at the end of the X-axis movable slot. X-axis guide rails are provided on both sides of the X-axis movable slot. A milling head slide is located at the output end of the X-axis movable mechanism. A connecting block is provided at the bottom of the milling head slide, and the connecting block is screwed to the output end of the X-axis push rod motor. An X-axis slider is provided on the bottom surface of the milling head slide corresponding to the X-axis guide rail. The milling head slide is provided with four Z-axis movable mechanisms. A spindle drilling and tapping component is provided at the output end of the Z-axis movable mechanism. The Z-axis movable mechanism includes a Z-axis push rod motor located at the top corner of the milling head slide, and the spindle drilling and tapping component is located at the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor. The main spindle drilling and tapping assembly, located at the output end of the Z-axis movable mechanism, includes: a drilling and tapping spindle connected to the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor via a coupling; a spindle box sleeved outside the drilling and tapping spindle; a servo drive module driving the drilling and tapping spindle to rotate; an adjustable tilt tool magazine mounted on the side wall of the milling head slide via a universal bracket; and an automatic tool changer hinged between the spindle box and the adjustable tilt tool magazine.

2. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Z-axis moving mechanism also includes a bidirectional balancing cylinder, the piston rod of which is connected to the drilling and tapping spindle to counteract the Z-axis off-center load generated by the weight of the drilling and tapping spindle.

3. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the workbench is provided with T-slots at intervals.

4. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable tilt angle tool magazine includes: A base rotating disk is mounted on the universal bracket, and a worm gear ring is provided on the edge of the base rotating disk; The worm gear drive shaft is driven by the servo drive module and meshes with the worm gear ring. The curved guide rail has angle positioning holes on its guide rail surface; Tighten the locking pin and insert it into the angle positioning hole to fix the tilt angle.

5. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The servo drive module includes: The spindle drive unit is directly connected to the drilling and tapping spindle and controls its rotational motion. The tool magazine drive unit drives the worm gear transmission shaft via a worm gear reducer.

6. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spindle drive unit is a permanent magnet synchronous motor; the tool magazine drive unit is a servo geared motor.

7. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machine platform and the gantry frame are integrally cast.

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