Linear motion actuator, movable steering wheel and opening and closing armrest

Abstract

The application discloses a linear motion executor, a movable steering wheel and an opening and closing armrest box. Since a brushless motor is used as a power source, carbon brushes and a commutator in a traditional brush motor are cancelled, working noise and cost are reduced, and service life is prolonged. Moreover, the brushless motor is high in efficiency and small in heat generation. In combination with a structure design that a controller is arranged in a connector mounting groove, heat radiation of the controller by high temperature is avoided, the working environment temperature of the controller is improved, meanwhile, the brushless motor is fixed on one side of the connector which is opposite to the mounting groove, so that the connector, the controller and the brushless motor are integrated together, space overlapping layout is fully utilized, extra space required by external arrangement or integration of the controller in a traditional scheme is avoided, the whole motor module has high integration, and compactness of the structure is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive parts technology, and in particular to a linear motion actuator used in automotive applications such as movable steering wheels and opening / closing armrests. Background Technology

[0002] The electric adjustable column (EAC) is a key component in vehicles that enables automatic adjustment of steering wheel height and tilt, and its performance directly affects driving comfort and ergonomics. Currently, most mainstream electric adjustable columns on the market use brushed DC motors as their drive power source.

[0003] However, in practical applications, as users' requirements for quietness increase, the current brushed motor solution has some technical shortcomings: First, brushed motors are noisier during operation. Due to the mechanical sliding contact between the carbon brushes and the commutator, electrical sparks and friction noise are generated when the motor is running. Especially during gear shifting or start-stop, a "hissing" or "clicking" sound can be clearly heard, which seriously affects the quietness of the vehicle interior and makes it difficult to meet consumers' increasingly higher requirements for NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) performance.

[0004] Secondly, carbon brushes are consumable parts with a limited lifespan. During long-term use, carbon brushes gradually wear down due to continuous friction, leading to poor contact, reduced torque, and even motor failure. Especially under frequent adjustments or high-load conditions, carbon brush wear is accelerated, reducing the reliability and durability of the electric drive column and increasing after-sales maintenance costs.

[0005] Furthermore, brushed motors typically require an additional, independent electronic control unit (ECU) for coordinated control. To secure this controller, space often needs to be reserved in the vehicle for a bracket, further increasing the number of components, assembly complexity, and integration requirements.

[0006] If an attempt is made to integrate the electronic control unit with the motor to improve integration, the physical sliding contact between the carbon brushes and the commutator inside the brushed motor inevitably generates significant contact resistance losses and arcing effects during current transmission, causing the motor body to heat up rapidly. This affects the performance and lifespan of the electronic components. To avoid the electronic components being affected by high temperatures, they need to be kept away from heat sources. Furthermore, since the carbon brushes and commutator also occupy axial space in the motor, this increases the overall size of the motor. However, in applications with limited space, such as electric regulating columns, the actual internal layout of the product is compact, making it difficult to accommodate a larger motor.

[0007] Therefore, although integration is the ideal direction for improving reliability and reducing costs, existing brushed motor solutions cannot achieve integrated electronic control unit and motor due to the dual contradictions of severe heat generation and insufficient space.

[0008] In summary, current brushed motor-driven methods suffer from problems such as high noise, short lifespan, high cost, and low integration. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this application is to provide a linear motion actuator for use in automotive movable steering wheels, opening and closing armrest boxes, etc., which reduces operating noise and cost, extends service life, and has high integration and improves structural compactness.

[0010] The embodiments of this application can be implemented as follows: In a first aspect, this utility model provides a linear motion actuator, comprising a motor module, a transmission module, and a lead screw: The motor module includes a connector, an end cap, a controller, and a brushless motor; The connector has a mounting slot; The end cap is mounted on the connector to cover the opening of the mounting groove; The controller is installed in the mounting slot; The brushless motor is fixedly connected to the side of the connector facing away from the mounting groove, and the output shaft of the brushless motor passes through the connector, the controller and the end cover in sequence; The transmission module is mounted on the end cover and connected to the output shaft of the brushless motor; The lead screw is connected to the transmission module.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the bottom of the mounting slot is provided with at least three protrusions, and the controller is located on each of the protrusions.

[0012] In an optional implementation, the transmission module includes a transmission housing and a transmission assembly; The transmission box is connected to the end cover, and the transmission box has a transmission cavity and a transmission hole communicating with the transmission cavity; The transmission assembly is rotatably disposed within the transmission cavity; The lead screw passes through the transmission hole and is connected to the transmission assembly.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the transmission assembly includes a meshing primary worm gear and a primary worm, the primary worm being connected to the output shaft of the brushless motor; The first-stage worm gear is connected to the lead screw.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the transmission hole is located on the side of the transmission box used for connecting the end cap; The transmission assembly further includes a secondary transmission pair, which is a helical gear pair, a bevel gear pair, or a worm gear pair; the primary worm gear is connected to the primary worm gear through the secondary transmission pair.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the secondary transmission pair includes a meshing secondary worm gear and a secondary worm, wherein the secondary worm gear is coaxially connected to the lead screw, and the secondary worm is coaxially connected to the primary worm gear; The lead screw is integrated with the secondary worm gear at one end within the transmission cavity using a plastic coating molding process or is connected as separate parts.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, one end of the lead screw is located inside the transmission cavity, and the end of the lead screw located inside the transmission cavity is integrated with the first-stage worm gear using a plastic coating molding process or is connected separately.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the transmission holes are provided on both sides of the transmission box, the middle part of the lead screw is located in the transmission cavity, and the first-stage worm gear is sleeved on the lead screw and threadedly engaged with the lead screw.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the transmission box is riveted to the end cover.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the transmission box includes an integrally connected box body and transmission sleeve; The main body of the box has the transmission cavity, the transmission sleeve is located on the outside of the main body of the box, and the inner cavity of the transmission sleeve serves as the transmission hole.

[0020] Secondly, this utility model provides a movable steering wheel, comprising: The connected steering wheel and electronic control column; and The linear motion actuator described in any of the foregoing embodiments; The lead screw is fixedly connected to or hinged to the electronic control column; or the electronic control column is fixedly connected to or hinged to the nut fitted on the lead screw.

[0021] Thirdly, this utility model provides an openable armrest box, comprising: The armrest box body has a box opening; The armrest box cover is hinged to the armrest box body via a hinge arm; and The linear motion actuator described in any of the foregoing embodiments; Wherein, the lead screw is hinged to the hinge arm; or, the hinge arm is hinged to the nut fitted on the lead screw.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application include, for example: By using a brushless motor as the power source, the carbon brushes and commutator in traditional brushed motors are eliminated, reducing operating noise and cost, and extending service life.

[0023] Moreover, brushless motors are highly efficient and generate little heat. Combined with the structural design of the controller being built into the connector mounting slot, the high temperature avoids heat radiation to the controller, improving the controller's operating environment temperature. At the same time, the brushless motor is fixed on the side of the connector facing away from the mounting slot. In this way, the connector, controller and brushless motor are integrated together, making full use of the overlapping layout of space. This avoids the extra space required for external or integrated controllers in traditional solutions, making the entire motor module highly integrated and improving the structural compactness. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the linear motion actuator of the first embodiment; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the motor module; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Exploded view of the connector and controller; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Exploded view; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram with the transmission box hidden in the image; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Internal structure diagram; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the movable steering wheel and the opening / closing armrest box of the first embodiment; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the linear motion actuator of the second embodiment; Figure 9 To be Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the transmission box after it has been hidden. Figure 10 for Figure 8 Exploded view; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the linear motion actuator of the third embodiment; Figure 12 To be Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the transmission box after it has been hidden. Figure 13 for Figure 11 Exploded view.

[0026] Icons: 100-Motor module; 110-Connector; 111-Mounting slot; 112-Boss; 113-Mounting post; 130-End cover; 140-Controller; 141-Mounting hole; 150-Brushless motor; 151-Stator housing assembly; 152-Rotor assembly; 200-Transmission module; 210-Transmission box; 211-Transmission cavity; 212-Transmission hole; 213-Box body; 214-Transmission sleeve; 220-Transmission assembly; 221-First stage worm gear; 222-First stage worm; 223-First transmission; 224-Second transmission; 230-Box cover; 300-Lead screw; 400-Nut; 500-Steering wheel; 600-Arm armrest box. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0034] First Embodiment This embodiment discloses a linear motion actuator, which can be used to drive an electric adjustment column. Of course, it can also be applied to other scenarios, such as driving the armrest box 600 cover 230 of the armrest box 600 to flip open and close. In addition, it can also be used for opening and closing car sunroofs. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations on its specific application scenarios and can be used in relatively narrow spaces.

[0035] refer to Figures 1 to 3 The linear motion actuator includes a motor module 100, a transmission module 200, and a lead screw 300. The motor module 100 includes a connector 110, an end cap 130, a controller 140, and a brushless motor 150; Connector 110 has mounting groove 111; End cap 130 is mounted on connector 110 to cover the opening of mounting groove 111; The controller 140 is installed in the mounting slot 111; The brushless motor 150 is fixedly connected to the side of the connector 110 facing away from the mounting groove 111, and the output shaft of the brushless motor 150 passes through the connector 110, the controller 140 and the end cover 130 in sequence. The transmission module 200 is mounted on the end cover 130 and connected to the output shaft of the brushless motor 150; The lead screw 300 is connected to the transmission module 200.

[0036] In this embodiment, since a brushless motor 150 is used as the power source, the carbon brushes and commutator in the traditional brushed motor are eliminated, reducing operating noise and cost, and extending service life.

[0037] Furthermore, the brushless motor 150 is highly efficient and generates little heat. Combined with the structural design of the controller 140 being built into the mounting slot 111 of the connector 110, it avoids heat radiation from high temperatures to the controller 140 and improves the operating temperature of the controller 140. At the same time, the brushless motor 150 is fixed on the side of the connector 110 facing away from the slot 111. In this way, the connector 110, the controller 140 and the brushless motor 150 are integrated together, making full use of the overlapping layout of space. This avoids the extra space required for the external or integrated controller 140 in traditional solutions, making the entire motor module 100 highly integrated and improving the structural compactness.

[0038] In addition, since the output shaft of the brushless motor 150 passes through the connector 110, the controller 140 and the end cover 130 in sequence, and then directly connects to the transmission module 200, and the transmission module 200 is then connected to the lead screw 300, the power transmission path is short and the coaxiality is high. This reduces the elastic deformation and gaps in the intermediate connection links, ensuring that the torque of the brushless motor 150 is efficiently and accurately transmitted to the lead screw 300 for rotation or linear movement, thereby improving the dynamic response speed and positioning accuracy of the entire actuator.

[0039] It should also be noted that the motor module 100 uses the connector 110 as an intermediate medium to achieve a symmetrical layout with the controller 140 mounted on one side and the brushless motor 150 mounted on the other side. The structure is symmetrical, the center of gravity is balanced, and the assembly process is simple. All core electronic components (controller 140 and motor) are concentrated in the connector 110, which can be tested, replaced or upgraded as an independent unit, improving production efficiency and after-sales maintenance convenience.

[0040] End cap 130 serves as the carrier medium for transmission module 200 and lead screw 300, forming a transition structure between connector 110 and transmission module 200, firmly connecting the originally separate motor drive and lead screw 300 actuator into one unit. End cap 130 itself has sufficient structural strength and rigidity to effectively transmit the torque output by brushless motor 150 and the reaction force of lead screw 300, avoiding vibration or deformation caused by loose connection, and ensuring stable operation of actuator under high load conditions.

[0041] Understandably, after the end cap 130 covers the mounting groove 111, it can work with the sealing ring to achieve a seal between the end cap 130 and the connector 110, preventing dust, moisture, oil and other contaminants from entering the mounting groove 111 through the gap between the end cap 130 and the connector 110 and contaminating the controller 140, thus protecting sensitive electronic components, extending service life, and adapting to complex vehicle environments.

[0042] The end cap 130 can be provided with positioning holes, stops or mounting planes for mounting the transmission module 200, to ensure that the transmission module 200 and the output shaft of the brushless motor 150 are precisely aligned, so as to effectively reduce assembly errors, avoid impact, abnormal wear and noise caused by eccentricity or tilt, and improve transmission efficiency and service life.

[0043] Continue to refer to Figure 3 In this embodiment, the bottom of the mounting groove 111 is provided with at least three protrusions 112, and the controller 140 is located on each protrusion 112.

[0044] In this way, by setting multiple bosses 112 as support points, warping, tilting, or misalignment of the controller 140 during installation can be effectively prevented, ensuring precise alignment of its electrical interfaces, pads, or connection terminals with other components of the connector 110, thus improving assembly accuracy and connection reliability. Furthermore, the groove bottom area outside the bosses 112 can be appropriately thinned or hollowed out, reducing the overall weight of the connector 110 without affecting key support performance, aligning with the trend of lightweight design for automotive components.

[0045] Meanwhile, the boss 112 allows the controller 140 to form a discontinuous contact and gap isolation with the bottom surface of the mounting slot 111. Sufficient gap is left between the PCB of the controller 140 and the bottom of the mounting slot 111 to avoid damage to the controller 140 caused by burrs in the connector 110. At the same time, the side of the PCB facing the bottom of the mounting slot 111 can also be used to install electronic components, making the electronic components on the PCB more sparsely distributed and reducing heat concentration.

[0046] It should also be noted that the brushless motor 150 still generates some heat during operation, which is conducted to the surrounding structure through the connector 110.

[0047] In this embodiment, the boss 112 serves as a point contact or small-area contact structure, which can reduce the heat conduction area between the controller 140 and the connector 110, forming a heat blocking effect, reducing the operating temperature of the sensitive electronic components on the controller 140, and improving its long-term stability and lifespan.

[0048] In addition, in some embodiments, the gap between the controller 140 and the bottom of the mounting slot 111 can be filled with cushioning material, which can also enhance shock resistance and improve product reliability.

[0049] Alternatively, the bottom of the mounting groove 111 may not have a boss 112, and the controller 140 can be directly installed on the bottom surface of the groove, for example, by adhesive fixing or screw locking, to ensure that the controller 140 is installed firmly and in the correct position. In this case, an insulating gasket can be placed between the controller 140 and the bottom of the mounting groove 111; or the bottom surface of the mounting groove 111 can be treated with an insulating coating (such as anodizing or spraying epoxy resin).

[0050] Therefore, those skilled in the art can choose whether to provide the boss 112 according to actual needs. As long as the controller 140 can be stably installed, and its electrical safety and heat dissipation management can be achieved, it falls within the protection scope of this application.

[0051] Continue to refer to Figure 3 In this embodiment, the boss 112 is provided with mounting posts 113, and the controller 140 is provided with at least three mounting holes 141, with each mounting post 113 passing through a mounting hole 141.

[0052] In this way, the mounting post 113 and the mounting hole 141 form a mechanical guide and positioning reference, automatically guiding the controller 140 to the correct position during the installation process. This effectively avoids offset, rotation or misalignment caused by human operation deviation, ensuring that the electrical interfaces, pads or connection terminals on the controller 140 are precisely aligned with the internal circuits or terminals of the connector 110, greatly improving assembly accuracy and product consistency.

[0053] The mounting post 113 and mounting hole 141 can be interference-fitted, which ensures a reliable connection between the controller 140 and the connector 110. This prevents the actuator from loosening, displacing, or fatigue-induced detachment due to continuous vibration and impact loads during vehicle operation, thus improving the system's durability under complex working conditions. Moreover, the interference fit itself provides sufficient radial restraint and shear resistance, and can replace fasteners such as screws used for fixing, without the need for additional threaded holes and locking screws, simplifying the assembly process, provided that structural strength requirements are met.

[0054] Of course, in some embodiments, the mounting post 113 may not be provided, and fasteners such as screws may be used to pass through the mounting hole 141 and lock into the boss 112, which can also achieve the connection between the controller 140 and the boss 112.

[0055] Therefore, those skilled in the art can choose whether to set the mounting column 113 according to actual needs. As long as the controller 140 can be stably installed, it falls within the protection scope of this application.

[0056] The brushless motor 150 mainly includes a stator housing assembly 151 and a rotor assembly 152 located inside the stator housing assembly 151. The stator housing assembly 151 is fixedly connected to the side of the connector 110 facing away from the mounting slot 111. The output shaft of the rotor assembly 152 passes through the connector 110, the controller 140, the end plate, and is connected to the transmission module 200.

[0057] refer to Figure 4 In this embodiment, the transmission module 200 includes a transmission box 210 and a transmission assembly 220; The transmission box 210 is connected to the end cover 130, and the transmission box 210 has a transmission cavity 211 and a transmission hole 212 communicating with the transmission cavity 211. The transmission assembly 220 is rotatably disposed within the transmission cavity 211; The lead screw 300 passes through the transmission hole 212 and is connected to the transmission assembly 220.

[0058] In this way, the transmission box 210 forms an independent closed transmission cavity 211, completely enclosing the precision transmission component 220, extending the life of the transmission component 220, and ensuring long-term stable and reliable operation. The transmission component 220 acts as an intermediate medium to transmit the torque of the brushless motor 150 to the lead screw 300 passing through the transmission hole 212, thereby realizing the rotation or linear movement of the lead screw.

[0059] In addition, the transmission component 220 can be pre-assembled and tested in the transmission box 210 to form a standardized module, and then installed as a whole onto the end cover 130, thereby enabling rapid assembly and fault replacement.

[0060] Of course, it is understandable that, in order to facilitate the installation and positioning of the transmission assembly 220 and the lead screw 300, one side of the transmission housing 210 is designed as an open structure, that is, this side has no closed wall, forming an open assembly entrance. After the installation of the transmission assembly 220 and the lead screw 300 is completed, the open side is sealed by an independent housing cover 230. This design allows the transmission assembly 220 to be directly placed into the transmission cavity 211 from the side, and the lead screw 300 can also be smoothly inserted axially and connected to the transmission assembly 220, simplifying the assembly path and operation difficulty of the internal parts.

[0061] The cover 230 is detachably connected to the transmission box 210. For example, the cover 230 can be detachably fixed by means of screws, clips, rivets or threaded engagement. This application does not limit the specific detachable connection method.

[0062] Of course, the gap between the cover 230 and the transmission box 210 can be filled with sealing material for static sealing to ensure the airtightness of the transmission cavity 211 and prevent external contaminants from entering.

[0063] The transmission box 210 and the end cover 130 can be fixed together by riveting. Riveting is a permanent mechanical connection. Once formed, it forms an irreversible and firm bond. It will not loosen due to continuous vibration, impact or temperature cycle during vehicle operation, thus completely avoiding the risk of structural failure caused by loose screws and improving the safety of long-term system operation.

[0064] Of course, the connection method between the transmission box 210 and the end cover 130 is not limited to riveting. In some embodiments, screwing, welding, bonding or snap-fitting can also be used. This application does not make specific restrictions on this.

[0065] The inner wall of the transmission cavity 211 can be provided with damping material or a sound-absorbing structure to suppress the outward radiation of the working noise of the transmission assembly 220, thereby further improving the NVH performance of the actuator.

[0066] Continue to refer to Figure 4 The transmission box 210 includes an integrally connected box body 213 and transmission sleeve 214; the box body 213 has a transmission cavity 211, the transmission sleeve 214 is located on the outside of the box body 213, and the inner cavity of the transmission sleeve 214 serves as a transmission hole 212.

[0067] Thus, the transmission sleeve 214, as an external extension support structure of the lead screw 300, increases the support span of the lead screw 300, suppresses bending deformation, axial movement or resonance of the lead screw 300 under high-speed rotation or high-load conditions, and ensures smooth linear output without vibration.

[0068] The transmission sleeve 214 may be equipped with bearings, bushings or self-lubricating bushings to support the lead screw 300 and guide its rotational movement; the free end of the transmission sleeve 214 may also be equipped with a sealing ring or dustproof ring to achieve dynamic sealing of the exposed section of the lead screw 300 and prevent contaminants from entering the transmission cavity 211.

[0069] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6In this embodiment, the transmission assembly 220 includes a meshing primary worm gear 221 and a primary worm 222. The primary worm 222 is connected to the output shaft of the brushless motor 150; the primary worm gear 221 is connected to the lead screw 300. The primary worm gear 221 and primary worm 222 transmission features a single-stage large reduction ratio, which can efficiently convert the high-speed, low-torque output of the brushless motor 150 into the low-speed, high-torque output of the lead screw 300 without increasing the motor size. Moreover, the primary worm gear 221 and primary worm 222 have a self-locking characteristic, preventing external loads from driving the primary worm 222 to rotate in the opposite direction through the lead screw 300 and primary worm gear 221, thereby preventing the actuator from spontaneously retracting or displacing due to gravity, vibration, or external forces. This feature ensures long-term locking of the adjustment position without the need for additional braking devices or electronic brakes, improving safety and reliability.

[0070] It should be noted that the relative positional relationship between the lead screw 300 and the brushless motor 150 can also be adapted to correspond to the relative position of the motor module 100 and the final actuator (e.g., the electric regulating column).

[0071] The transmission assembly 220 is not limited to a direct connection between the first-stage worm gear 221 and the lead screw 300; power transmission can also be achieved through an intermediate transmission pair, depending on the position of the lead screw 300 relative to the motor.

[0072] For example, if Figure 6 As shown, the lead screw 300 can be arranged parallel to the brushless motor 150, that is, the transmission hole 212 is located on the side of the transmission box 210 used to connect the end cover 130. At this time, since the torque is perpendicular to the motor output shaft after being transmitted through the first-stage worm gear 221 and the first-stage worm 222, in order to change the direction of the torque to be around the lead screw 300, it is also necessary to realize the power transmission and change the direction through two transmission pairs. That is to say, the transmission assembly 220 also includes a meshing first transmission 223 and a second transmission 224. The first transmission 223 and the second transmission 224 constitute a second-stage transmission pair. The second-stage transmission pair can be a helical gear pair, a bevel gear pair, or a worm gear pair. The lead screw 300 is connected to the first-stage worm gear 221 through the second-stage transmission pair.

[0073] This provides multiple power transmission paths, such as helical gears, bevel gears, and two-stage worm gears, allowing for flexible selection of the optimal solution based on actual application requirements (such as output torque, speed, installation space, and axial direction).

[0074] In detail, if the secondary transmission pair is a helical gear pair, then the first transmission 223 and the second transmission 224 are both helical gears. One helical gear is coaxially connected to the lead screw 300, and the other helical gear is coaxially connected to the primary worm gear 221.

[0075] If the secondary transmission pair is a bevel gear pair, then the first transmission 223 and the second transmission 224 are bevel gears. One bevel gear is coaxially connected to the lead screw 300, and the other bevel gear is coaxially connected to the primary worm gear 221.

[0076] If the secondary transmission pair is a worm gear pair, then the first transmission 223 is the secondary worm, which is coaxially connected to the primary worm gear 221, and the second transmission 224 is the secondary worm, which is coaxially connected to the lead screw 300.

[0077] One end of the lead screw 300 is located in the transmission cavity 211, and the other end passes through the transmission hole 212 on one side of the transmission box 210, serving as the output end to cooperate with the external nut 400. When the lead screw 300 rotates, the linear motion of the nut 400 can be realized. The external actuator is connected to the nut 400 to realize the corresponding action.

[0078] One end of the lead screw 300 located within the transmission cavity 211 is integrated with the secondary worm gear using a plastic-coating molding process. Specifically, the lead screw 300 is placed as an insert into the mold cavity, molten material is injected, and after the material cools, a secondary worm gear is formed that is firmly bonded to the lead screw 300. This method achieves an integrated structure for both components, ensuring reliable fixation in both the circumferential and axial directions.

[0079] In addition, the lead screw 300 can also be connected to the secondary worm gear separately, for example, by interference fit, key connection, spline connection, pin connection or threaded locking, which facilitates replacement and maintenance.

[0080] Of course, it is understandable that in other embodiments, the lead screw 300 may also adopt a through-type layout, that is, the lead screw 300 completely passes through the transmission box 210, and its two ends protrude from opposite sides of the transmission box 210 respectively. In this case, the transmission box 210 is provided with two through transmission holes 212 at corresponding positions. In this through-type scheme, the middle part of the lead screw 300 is connected to the secondary worm gear, and the power is input from the middle part; the exposed parts at both ends can be connected to two actuators respectively to achieve synchronous drive.

[0081] Alternatively, the transmission hole 212 can be located on the side of the transmission box 210 away from the brushless motor 150, in which case the lead screw 300 extends from the side of the transmission box 210 away from the brushless motor 150.

[0082] The secondary worm gear can also be threaded into the lead screw 300, so that when the secondary worm gear rotates, the lead screw 300 can perform linear motion and drive the actuator to work.

[0083] refer to Figure 7 This embodiment also discloses a movable steering wheel 500 and an opening and closing armrest box 600. The movable steering wheel 500 includes: a connected steering wheel 500 and an electronically adjustable column; and the linear motion actuator of the above embodiment. The electronic control column is fixedly connected or hinged to the nut 400 sleeved on the lead screw 300.

[0084] The opening and closing armrest box 600 includes: an armrest box body having a box opening; an armrest box cover hinged to the armrest box body via a hinge arm; and a linear motion actuator as described in the above embodiment. The hinge arm is hinged to the nut 400 fitted on the lead screw 300.

[0085] In summary, this embodiment integrates the brushless motor 150, the built-in controller 140, and the connector 110 into a single unit, constructing a compact and high-performance linear motion actuator drive module. This design not only completely eliminates the drawbacks of traditional brushed motors, such as high noise, short lifespan, and high heat generation, but also solves the industry challenge of high heat generation hindering integration through innovative spatial layout, achieving deep integration of the drive and control systems. The combination of the low-heat brushless motor 150 and optimized heat dissipation path ensures the long-term stable operation of the controller 140 in a confined space. The overall solution boasts advantages such as high integration, high reliability, low noise, long lifespan, and easy assembly, making it particularly suitable for applications with stringent requirements for space, quiet operation, and durability, such as intelligent actuator systems for automotive electric adjustable columns, seat adjustments, tailgate opening and closing, or sunroof opening and closing.

[0086] This embodiment also discloses an automobile, which includes the aforementioned movable steering wheel 500 and opening / closing armrest box 600, and also includes other devices containing the aforementioned linear motion actuators.

[0087] Second Embodiment In this embodiment, a nut 400 is also fitted on the lead screw 300. The linear movement of the nut 400 drives the actuator to perform actions. However, the main difference from the first embodiment is that in this embodiment, the lead screw 300 is directly connected to the first-stage worm gear 221.

[0088] Specifically, refer to Figures 8 to 10 One end of the lead screw 300 is located inside the transmission cavity 211 and is coaxially connected to the first-stage worm gear 221. The end of the lead screw 300 located inside the transmission cavity 211 and the first-stage worm gear 221 are integrated into one piece or connected separately using a plastic coating molding process. This method achieves an integrated structure for both, ensuring reliable fixation in both the circumferential and axial directions.

[0089] In addition, the lead screw 300 can also be connected to the first-stage worm gear 221 separately, for example, by interference fit, key connection, spline connection, pin connection or threaded locking, which facilitates replacement and maintenance.

[0090] Third Embodiment The main difference from the first embodiment is that in this embodiment, the lead screw 300 passes through the transmission box 210, and the lead screw 300 moves in a straight line.

[0091] Specifically, refer to Figures 11 to 13 The transmission box 210 has two through transmission holes 212 at corresponding positions, so that the lead screw 300 can pass completely through the transmission box 210 through the two transmission holes 212. Its two ends pass out from opposite sides of the transmission box 210. The middle part of the lead screw 300 is located in the transmission cavity 211. The first-stage worm gear 221 is sleeved on the outside of the lead screw 300 and is threadedly engaged with the lead screw 300. In this way, the power is input from the middle part of the lead screw 300. The exposed parts at both ends can be connected to two actuators respectively to achieve synchronous drive.

[0092] At this point, for the movable steering wheel 500, the lead screw 300 is directly fixedly connected to or hinged to the electronic control column. For the opening and closing armrest box 600, the lead screw 300 is directly hinged to the hinge arm.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A linear motion actuator, characterized in that, Includes a motor module (100), a transmission module (200), and a lead screw (300): The motor module (100) includes a connector (110), an end cap (130), a controller (140), and a brushless motor (150). The connector (110) has a mounting groove (111); The end cap (130) is mounted on the connector (110) to cover the opening of the mounting groove (111); The controller (140) is installed in the mounting slot (111); The brushless motor (150) is fixedly connected to the side of the connector (110) facing away from the mounting groove (111), and the output shaft of the brushless motor (150) passes through the connector (110), the controller (140) and the end cap (130) in sequence. The transmission module (200) is mounted on the end cover (130) and connected to the output shaft of the brushless motor (150); The lead screw (300) is connected to the transmission module (200).

2. The linear motion actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the mounting slot (111) is provided with at least three protrusions (112), and the controller (140) is located on each of the protrusions (112).

3. The linear motion actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission module (200) includes a transmission box (210) and a transmission assembly (220); The transmission box (210) is connected to the end cover (130), and the transmission box (210) has a transmission cavity (211) and a transmission hole (212) communicating with the transmission cavity (211). The transmission assembly (220) is rotatably disposed within the transmission cavity (211); The lead screw (300) passes through the transmission hole (212) and is connected to the transmission assembly (220).

4. The linear motion actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (220) includes a meshing first-stage worm gear (221) and a first-stage worm (222), the first-stage worm (222) being connected to the output shaft of the brushless motor (150); The first-stage worm gear (221) is connected to the lead screw (300).

5. The linear motion actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission hole (212) is located on the side of the transmission box (210) used to connect the end cap (130); The transmission assembly (220) further includes a secondary transmission pair, which is a helical gear pair, a bevel gear pair, or a worm gear pair; the primary worm gear (221) is connected to the primary worm gear (221) through the secondary transmission pair.

6. The linear motion actuator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The secondary transmission pair includes a meshing secondary worm gear and a secondary worm, the secondary worm gear being coaxially connected to the lead screw (300), and the secondary worm being coaxially connected to the primary worm gear (221). The lead screw (300) is integrated with the secondary worm gear at one end within the transmission cavity (211) using a plastic coating molding process or by a separate connection.

7. The linear motion actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the lead screw (300) is located in the transmission cavity (211), and the end of the lead screw (300) located in the transmission cavity (211) is integrated with the first-stage worm gear (221) by plastic coating molding process or by separate connection.

8. The linear motion actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission box (210) has transmission holes (212) on both sides. The middle part of the lead screw (300) is located in the transmission cavity (211). The first-stage worm gear (221) is sleeved on the lead screw (300) and threadedly engaged with the lead screw (300).

9. The linear motion actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission box (210) is riveted to the end cover (130).

10. The linear motion actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission box (210) includes an integrally connected box body (213) and transmission sleeve (214). The main body (213) has the transmission cavity (211), the transmission sleeve (214) is located on the outside of the main body (213), and the inner cavity of the transmission sleeve (214) serves as the transmission hole (212).

11. A movable steering wheel, characterized in that, include: Connected steering wheel (500) and electronic control column; as well as The linear motion actuator according to any one of claims 1-10; The lead screw (300) is fixedly connected or hinged to the electronic control column; or the electronic control column is fixedly connected or hinged to the nut (400) sleeved on the lead screw (300).

12. A hinged armrest box, characterized in that, include: The armrest box body has a box opening; The armrest box cover is hinged to the armrest box body via a hinge arm; as well as The linear motion actuator according to any one of claims 1-10; The lead screw (300) is hinged to the hinge arm; or the hinge arm is hinged to the nut (400) fitted on the lead screw (300).

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