Concrete pile head breakable under height-limited environment and concrete pile body
By pre-embedding isolation gaskets and steel sleeves between the concrete pile body and the pile head, the problem of difficult pile head removal in height-restricted environments was solved by using torsional breaking, achieving efficient and safe pile head separation and saving construction costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521920160.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing construction methods are difficult to efficiently break concrete pile heads in height-restricted environments, resulting in low construction efficiency, high costs, and increased safety risks.
An isolation gasket and a steel sleeve are pre-embedded between the concrete pile body and the pile head. The pile head is broken by twisting it. By using the cooperation of the isolation gasket and the steel sleeve, direct damage to the pile structure is reduced, and the pile head can be separated in a controlled manner.
The pile head was efficiently removed in a height-restricted environment, avoiding the need to increase the tunnel diameter, reducing construction costs and labor intensity, and improving safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN224678682U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel construction technology under height restriction environments, and more specifically, to a breakable concrete pile head and concrete pile body under height restriction environments. Background Technology
[0002] The tunnel-pile method, also known as the column-hole method, is a construction method commonly used in tunnels and underground engineering projects such as urban subways. The construction steps include: first, excavating several small pilot tunnels in the tunnel arch, constructing side piles, central columns, and top beams in the small pilot tunnels, and then carrying out the main earthwork excavation and lining construction of the tunnel under the protection of the frame structure formed by the top beams, side piles, and central columns.
[0003] Pile head removal is a crucial step in tunnel pilot tunnel construction. This section introduces different pile head removal methods and their limitations under height restrictions: 1. Manual Demolition: This method primarily relies on tools such as pneumatic picks and sledgehammers to directly break and remove the pile head manually. This method is flexible and allows for better control of the demolition range and force, making it suitable for small pile heads or areas requiring high precision.
[0004] In height-restricted environments, workers have limited operating space, and their range of motion for standing and wielding tools is restricted, leading to a significant decrease in work efficiency. Moreover, working in low-ceilinged spaces for extended periods results in high labor intensity, increased fatigue, and a corresponding increase in safety risks.
[0005] 2. Mechanical demolition: Using a crusher: The impact force generated by mechanical equipment such as a hydraulic breaker is used to crush the pile head. It has the advantages of high efficiency and great force, and is suitable for breaking pile heads with larger diameter and strength.
[0006] Using a pile cutter: This method uses a mechanical device to cut the pile head as a whole, which has the advantages of accurate positioning and a smooth breaking surface, and can effectively improve construction efficiency and quality.
[0007] For crushers, their height makes it impossible to enter the construction site normally in environments with height restrictions. Even if the equipment manages to enter, the limited working space restricts the range of motion of the breaker hammer, making it difficult to achieve its maximum efficiency, and may also damage the surrounding structure due to inconvenience in operation.
[0008] The pile cutter also has the problem of equipment height, making it difficult to operate in low spaces. Furthermore, its supporting lifting equipment may not be able to operate normally in height-restricted environments, affecting the hoisting and cleaning of pile heads.
[0009] 3. Blasting Removal: This method involves placing an appropriate amount of explosives inside the pile head, using the energy generated by the explosion to break the pile head. This method is extremely efficient and is particularly suitable for large-scale pile head removal projects.
[0010] Blasting demolition requires a large safe working space. In height-restricted environments, the shockwaves and flying debris generated by the blast are easily ricocheted due to space constraints, posing a greater safety threat to surrounding buildings and personnel. Furthermore, debris from the blasted pile heads may be difficult to clean up due to limited space, increasing the difficulty of subsequent work. In addition, in height-restricted indoor or confined spaces, the noise and dust generated by blasting are not easily dispersed, which can seriously affect the construction environment and the health of personnel.
[0011] 4. Water jet cutting: This method uses high-pressure water jets to carry abrasive particles to cut the pile head. It has advantages such as high cutting precision, no thermal deformation, and low dust pollution, which can effectively ensure the quality of pile head breaking and the cleanliness of the surrounding environment.
[0012] Waterjet cutting equipment requires a certain amount of space for placement and operation. In environments with height restrictions, the installation and debugging of the equipment may be limited. Moreover, waterjet cutting requires sufficient space for the water jet and abrasive to be sprayed. Due to height restrictions, the angle and range of the water jet may not be optimal, resulting in reduced cutting efficiency and even failure to completely cut the pile head.
[0013] 5. Static fracturing agent demolition: A static fracturing agent is injected into the borehole of the pile head. The chemical reaction between the agent and water generates expansion pressure, causing the pile head concrete to gradually crack and break. This method is relatively safe, with no vibration, noise, or pollution, and is suitable for pile head demolition projects with high requirements for the surrounding environment.
[0014] In height-restricted environments, the limited space can restrict drilling operations, making it difficult to drill at the required spacing and depth, thus affecting the effectiveness of the fracturing agent. Furthermore, the expansion force generated after the fracturing agent reacts requires space to release; due to height restrictions, the broken concrete blocks from the pile head may not be discharged in time, hindering subsequent fracturing processes and prolonging the demolition time.
[0015] In summary, existing traditional construction methods are very limited in effectiveness in confined environments, especially in height-restricted environments. Therefore, various pilot tunnels have had to have their diameters increased to meet the needs of the construction site. Utility Model Content
[0016] The purpose of this application is to provide a removable concrete pile head and concrete pile body in height-restricted environments, which can effectively avoid the drawbacks of traditional pile head removal methods in height-restricted environments, reduce the amount of excavation work caused by increasing the tunnel diameter, and save construction costs.
[0017] To achieve the above objectives, in the first aspect, this utility model provides a breakable concrete pile head in a height-restricted environment, which is breakably connected to a concrete pile body. The concrete pile body has pre-embedded structural steel bars, and the concrete pile head has pre-embedded a steel bar sleeve. The steel bar sleeve is correspondingly arranged with the structural steel bars and allows the structural steel bars to pass through and extend. An isolation pad is pre-embedded at the junction of the concrete pile body and the concrete pile head to prevent the continuous casting.
[0018] In an optional embodiment, the isolation pads include a plurality of pads, which are pre-embedded between the concrete pile head and the concrete pile body, and are evenly distributed around the circumference of the concrete pile body.
[0019] In an optional embodiment, the isolation gasket includes a gasket fold plate with a V-shaped cross-section, the fold line of the gasket fold plate extending radially along the concrete pile body.
[0020] In an optional embodiment, the center of each of the gasket folds intersects the center of the concrete pile and is located on the side wall of the concrete pile, and the included angle between the two planes of the gasket fold is 115-145°.
[0021] In an optional embodiment, both sides of the gasket plate are coated with a concrete release agent.
[0022] In an optional embodiment, a concrete bonding surface is provided at the junction of the concrete pile body and the concrete pile head, and the concrete bonding surface is provided between adjacent isolation pads.
[0023] In an optional embodiment, the inner diameter of the rebar sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the structural rebar, so as to allow the structural rebar and the rebar sleeve to have a clearance fit. The rebar sleeve includes a PVC pipe pre-embedded inside the concrete pile body.
[0024] In an optional embodiment, one end of the rebar sleeve is disposed on the concrete bonding surface, and the other end extends from the end of the concrete pile head, with the structural rebar extending from the open end of the rebar sleeve.
[0025] In an optional embodiment, the concrete pile head is further embedded with a torsion steel bar, which is arranged perpendicularly to the structural steel bar and embedded in the middle part of the height direction of the concrete pile head.
[0026] Secondly, this utility model also provides a concrete pile body, including a concrete pile body and a breakable concrete pile head under height restriction conditions in any of the above embodiments.
[0027] The removable concrete pile head and concrete pile body in the height-restricted environment of this utility model can overcome the operating space limitations in the height-restricted environment by setting a removable concrete pile head at the end of the concrete pile body.
[0028] By twisting the concrete pile head, the expansion method of increasing the tunnel diameter, which is a traditional construction method, can be avoided, thus reducing the amount of excavation work caused by increasing the tunnel diameter and saving construction costs.
[0029] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description
[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the removable concrete pile head and concrete pile body under the height restriction environment in this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the split structure in the diagram; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the isolation pad; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fit between the structural steel bars and the steel bar sleeve.
[0032] icon: 1-Concrete pile head; 11-Reinforcing bar sleeve; 12-Twisted reinforcing bar; 2-Concrete pile body; 21-Structural reinforcement; 3-Isolation pad; 4- Concrete bonding surface. Detailed Implementation
[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0034] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0035] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0036] The removable concrete pile head and concrete pile body in the height-restricted environment described in this application are mainly used for tunnel pile construction in height-restricted environments. Specifically, by pre-embedding isolation components between the concrete pile head and the concrete pile body, the overall structural strength of the concrete pile body is guaranteed while facilitating subsequent torsional demolition.
[0037] See Figure 1 and combined Figure 2 The removable concrete pile head in the height-restricted environment of this utility model is removably connected to the concrete pile body 2. Specifically, it is made to break off the concrete pile head 1 from the concrete pile body 2 by twisting it.
[0038] The concrete pile body 2 is pre-embedded with structural steel bars 21, and the concrete pile head 1 is pre-embedded with steel bar sleeves 11. The steel bar sleeves 11 are correspondingly set with the structural steel bars 21 and can allow the structural steel bars 21 to pass through and extend. The structural steel bars 21 can be threaded into the steel bar sleeves 11, so that the steel bar sleeves 11 pre-embedded in the concrete pile head 1 and the structural steel bars 21 in the concrete pile body 2 are in clearance fit, which can provide a certain amount of torsional movement for the concrete pile head 1.
[0039] An isolation pad 3 is pre-embedded at the junction of the concrete pile body 2 and the concrete pile head 1 to prevent the integral casting of the concrete pile body 2 and the concrete pile head 1. This can isolate the integral casting of the concrete pile body 2 and the concrete pile head 1, and at the same time, it can generate an upward pull force to a certain extent when twisted, so as to ensure the effective separation of the two.
[0040] The steel sleeve 11 pre-embedded in the concrete pile head 1 can prevent the structural steel reinforcement 21 located in the concrete pile head 1 from interacting with the concrete during the torsional breaking process, so that part of the concrete pile head 1 becomes plain concrete and reduces its tensile ultimate strength.
[0041] The isolation gasket 3 installed at the junction of the concrete pile body 2 and the concrete pile head 1, as well as the clearance fit of the structural steel bar 21 in the steel bar sleeve 11, can cause the concrete pile body to experience the most unfavorable tensile-torsional combined failure when torsional force is applied to the concrete pile head 1, thus accelerating the detachment of the concrete pile head 1.
[0042] In order to simultaneously ensure the connection strength between the concrete pile body 2 and the concrete pile head 1, multiple isolation gaskets 3 are pre-embedded at the joint between the concrete pile body 2 and the concrete pile head 1. The multiple isolation gaskets 3 are pre-embedded between the concrete pile head 1 and the concrete pile body 2, and are evenly distributed around the circumference of the concrete pile body.
[0043] By using an intermittent arrangement, the concrete pile head 1 and the concrete pile body 2 can be partially connected, and the unconnected parts are separated by isolation gaskets 3. This allows the torsional force to be applied to the intermittently connected parts, and facilitates the torsional breakage and separation of the connected parts while ensuring the connection strength without applying torsional force.
[0044] See Figure 3 The isolation gasket 3 includes a V-shaped gasket plate, which is specifically formed by bending a fan-shaped piece in the middle. The fold line of the gasket plate extends radially along the concrete pile body. Specifically, the V-shaped gasket plate is in the form of an aluminum plate, which can be placed on the top of the concrete pile body 2 after the concrete pile body 2 is poured, and then the concrete pile head 1 is poured, so that the gasket plate is pre-embedded during the pouring process.
[0045] By extending the fold lines of the shim plate radially along the concrete pile, two symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces can be formed, allowing for upward twisting on either side in the horizontal direction, reducing the need to judge the direction of twisting and improving operational convenience.
[0046] In order to balance the structural strength of the concrete pile and facilitate torsional breaking, the center of each shim plate intersects with the center of the concrete pile, so that each connection part crosses the center of the concrete pile, and the spaced isolation shims 3 also cross the center of the concrete pile at the same time.
[0047] In this invention, after the concrete pile body 2 is poured, the concrete pile body is poured as a whole after the pre-embedding of various embedded parts is carried out. When the concrete strength of the concrete pile body reaches more than 70%, the concrete pile head 1 is torsionally broken. Through the pre-embedding of the isolation gasket 3, a torsional cone-shaped structure at the bottom of the concrete pile head 1 can be formed. During the torsion process, the torsional force borne by the torsional cone-shaped structure can form a combined tensile-torsional failure effect. The cone angle of the torsional cone-shaped structure has two aspects to consider: the cone angle of the torsional cone-shaped structure corresponds to the bonding strength between the concrete pile body 2 and the concrete pile head 1, and the degree of combined tensile-torsional failure exerted.
[0048] If the cone angle is small, that is, the part of the torsional cone wedged into the concrete pile body 2 is deeper, the joint angle between the concrete pile head 1 and the concrete pile body 2 is stronger, which is not conducive to torsional separation; while if the cone angle is large, that is, the part of the torsional cone wedged into the concrete pile body 2 is shallower, which is not conducive to the overall structural strength of the concrete pile body.
[0049] In order to ensure that the torsional cone truss can take both aspects into account, the included angle α between the two planes of the shim plate located on the side wall of the concrete pile is 115-145°. This allows the cone angle of the torsional cone truss to be maintained at a relatively reasonable angle, achieving the technical effect of simultaneously taking into account structural strength and tensile-torsional combined failure.
[0050] After the concrete pile head 1 is twisted and removed, the isolation gasket 3 also needs to be removed from the top of the concrete pile body 2 or the bottom of the concrete pile head 1. By applying concrete release agent to both sides of the gasket folding plate, it is easier to remove the gasket folding plate from the above-mentioned different parts.
[0051] Concrete release agent can form an effective isolation film between the gasket fold plate and the poured concrete. It can be in the form of oil-based release agent, water-based release agent, and emulsion-type release agent, etc., and can meet the detachment requirements of the isolation gasket 3.
[0052] A concrete bonding surface 4 is provided at the joint between the concrete pile body 2 and the concrete pile head 1. The concrete bonding surface 4 is located between adjacent isolation pads 3, forming the connection part between the concrete pile body 2 and the concrete pile head 1 as described above.
[0053] Combination Figure 4 In a further configuration, the inner diameter of the rebar sleeve 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the structural rebar 21, so that the structural rebar 21 and the rebar sleeve 11 can be fitted together with a clearance. This allows the concrete pile head 1 of the plain concrete structure to apply a torsional force to the structural rebar 21 fitted in the concrete pile head 1. This facilitates the application of shear force converted from the torsional force to the structural rebar 21, ensuring that the structural rebar 21 undergoes torsional shear fracture under the action of the easily fractured shear force.
[0054] The reinforcing bar sleeve 11 includes a PVC pipe pre-embedded inside the concrete pile body, which can reduce the construction cost of breaking the concrete pile head 1.
[0055] One end of the PVC pipe-shaped steel bar sleeve 11 is set on the concrete interface 4, that is, after the concrete pile body 2 is poured, the bottom end of the steel bar sleeve 11 is pre-embedded in the concrete interface 4.
[0056] The other end extends from the end of the concrete pile head 1, which prevents concrete from being poured into the steel sleeve 11 when the concrete pile head 1 is poured, thus avoiding the risk of overall connection.
[0057] Based on the steel bar sleeve 11 extending from the end of the concrete pile head 1, the end of the steel bar sleeve 11 extending from the end of the concrete pile head 1 is provided with an open structure, and the structural steel bar 21 extends out from the open structure of the steel bar sleeve 11 extending from the end of the concrete pile head 1, so as to ensure the effect of torsional shear force on the structural steel bar 21.
[0058] The torsional force in this invention is generated by a torsional steel bar 12 installed in the concrete pile head 1. The torsional steel bar 12 is embedded in the concrete pile head 1 and is set perpendicular to the structural steel bar 21, which can convert the torsional force into a torsional shear force applied to the structural steel bar 21.
[0059] The two ends of the torsion steel bar 12 extend from the side wall of the concrete pile head 1, which facilitates the external force applied by the breaking equipment at the two ends of the torsion steel bar 12.
[0060] By pre-embedding the torsion steel bar 12 in the middle part of the height direction of the concrete pile head 1, the balance of force on the concrete pile head 1 can be ensured, which is conducive to the torsion under the action of torque in the middle part.
[0061] During the specific construction process, after the concrete pile body 2 is poured to the elevation, the isolation gasket 3 with release agent evenly applied to both sides of the plate is pre-embedded, as well as the steel sleeve 11 of the upper concrete pile head 1. The outer arc length of the gasket folding plate should take into account the spacing of the structural steel reinforcement 21 to avoid interference between the gasket folding plate and the structural steel reinforcement 21. The length of the steel sleeve 11 is slightly larger than the concrete pile head 1 that needs to be cut.
[0062] Continue pouring concrete pile head 1, and then pre-embed twisted steel bar 12 in the middle of the height of concrete pile head 1. The direction of twisted steel bar 12 should be perpendicular to the direction of structural steel bar 21 and also perpendicular to the direction of twisting force. A certain gap should be left between structural steel bar 21 and steel bar sleeve 11 to ensure subsequent rotation space.
[0063] The concrete pile head 1 was poured again and then cured.
[0064] When the concrete strength of the concrete pile head 1 reaches 70% or more, a vehicle or winch is used to twist the tension and torsion of the reinforcing bar 12.
[0065] After cracks appear between the concrete pile head 1 and the concrete pile body 2, and the structural steel reinforcement 21 is completely twisted and cut off, the concrete pile head 1 is pushed out from the top of the concrete pile body 2 and transported away with the help of jacks.
[0066] Peel off the gasket and fold the plate to proceed with other construction processes.
[0067] This utility model also provides a concrete pile body, including a concrete pile body and a removable concrete pile head under height restriction conditions as described above. It can ensure the removal and detachment of the concrete pile head under height restriction conditions, avoid increasing the hole diameter due to expanding the operating space, reduce the amount of excavation work caused by increasing the hole diameter, and save construction costs.
[0068] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.
[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A breakable concrete pile head for height-restricted environments, removably connected to a concrete pile body, characterized in that, The concrete pile body is pre-embedded with structural steel bars, and the concrete pile head is pre-embedded with a steel bar sleeve. The steel bar sleeve is correspondingly arranged with the structural steel bars and can allow the structural steel bars to pass through and extend. An isolation pad is pre-embedded at the junction of the concrete pile body and the concrete pile head to prevent the continuous casting.
2. The breakable concrete pile head under height-restricted conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation pads include multiple ones, which are pre-embedded between the concrete pile head and the concrete pile body, and are evenly distributed around the circumference of the concrete pile body.
3. The breakable concrete pile head under height-restricted conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation pad includes a V-shaped folded plate, the fold line of which extends radially along the concrete pile.
4. The breakable concrete pile head under height-restricted conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The center of each of the gasket folds intersects the center of the concrete pile and is located on the side wall of the concrete pile. The included angle between the two planes of the gasket fold is 115-145°.
5. The breakable concrete pile head under height-restricted conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both sides of the gasket plate are coated with concrete release agent.
6. The breakable concrete pile head under height-restricted conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, A concrete bonding surface is provided at the junction of the concrete pile body and the concrete pile head, and the concrete bonding surface is located between adjacent isolation pads.
7. The breakable concrete pile head under height-restricted conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the rebar sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the structural rebar, so as to allow the structural rebar and the rebar sleeve to fit together with a clearance. The rebar sleeve includes a PVC pipe pre-embedded inside the concrete pile body.
8. The breakable concrete pile head under height-restricted conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the steel bar sleeve is disposed on the concrete bonding surface, and the other end extends from the end of the concrete pile head. The structural steel bar extends out from the open end of the steel bar sleeve.
9. The breakable concrete pile head under height-restricted conditions according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The concrete pile head is also pre-embedded with torsional steel bars, which are arranged perpendicularly to the structural steel bars and are pre-embedded in the middle part of the height direction of the concrete pile head.
10. A concrete pile, characterized in that, It includes a concrete pile body and a breakable concrete pile head under the height restriction environment as described in any one of claims 1-9.