Liquid hydrogen cryogenic liquid storage tank

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of liquid hydrogen cryogenic liquid storage tanks;Its technical scheme main point is: including titanium alloy inner container layer, it is characterized by: the outside of titanium alloy inner container layer is nanometer silica aerogel felt layer, the outside of nanometer silica aerogel felt layer is intermediate vacuum layer, the outside of intermediate vacuum layer is double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer, the opening end of titanium alloy inner container layer is provided with integrally-formed end plate, the end plate is respectively connected with double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer, intermediate vacuum layer, double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer fixedly, the outside of end plate is combined with end cap fixed;The four-layer heat insulation design of titanium alloy inner container layer, nanometer silica aerogel felt layer, intermediate vacuum layer double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer in the application, breaks down local convection heat exchange, optimizes radiation heat exchange shielding effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of storage tank technology, specifically relating to a liquid hydrogen cryogenic liquid storage tank. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid hydrogen, as a clean energy carrier with high energy density and zero carbon emissions, has been widely used in hydrogen refueling stations for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, aerospace propulsion systems, large-scale energy storage, and cryogenic scientific experiments. However, the ultra-low temperature characteristics of liquid hydrogen (boiling point -253℃, critical temperature -239.9℃) place extreme demands on storage equipment. Existing cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tanks still face the following technical bottlenecks, making it difficult to meet the requirements for large-scale, high-safety, and low-loss applications:

[0003] Currently, most mainstream liquid hydrogen storage tanks in the industry adopt a "single multi-layer insulation + static vacuum jacket" structure. In the liquid hydrogen storage environment, the tank material must simultaneously meet the requirements of "ultra-low temperature toughness" and "hydrogen embrittlement resistance". The inner liner of existing storage tanks is mostly made of pure 5083 aluminum alloy, which can elongate up to 15% at -253℃, but has a high hydrogen permeability (hydrogen permeability coefficient of about 1×10-11cm2 / s at 25℃). Long-term contact with liquid hydrogen can easily cause "hydrogen embrittlement cracking", requiring regular inspection of tank thickness, resulting in high maintenance costs. In addition, there is room for improvement in the low temperature adaptability and strength of existing storage tanks. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a liquid hydrogen cryogenic liquid storage tank, comprising a titanium alloy inner liner, an outer layer of nano-silica aerogel felt, an outer layer of intermediate vacuum, and an outer layer of double-layer stainless steel vacuum. An integrally formed end plate is provided at the open end of the titanium alloy inner liner. The end plate is connected and fixed to the double-layer stainless steel vacuum, the intermediate vacuum, and the double-layer stainless steel vacuum. An end cap is fixedly attached to the outside of the end plate. A convex retaining ring is provided on the outer ring wall of the double-layer stainless steel vacuum, and the convex retaining ring is fitted and fixed to the end cap. A tank cover is provided above the end cap, and the tank cover is locked to the end cap by studs and nuts. A first wedge-shaped sealing ring is provided at the central hole of the end cap, and a second wedge-shaped sealing ring is embedded and fixed on the tank cover near the first wedge-shaped sealing ring. A vacuum pump is fixed to the outside of the double-layer stainless steel vacuum, and the suction end of the vacuum pump extends into the intermediate vacuum.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, this liquid hydrogen cryogenic liquid storage tank utilizes a four-layer insulation design consisting of a titanium alloy inner liner, a nano-silica aerogel felt layer, an intermediate vacuum layer, and a double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer. This design effectively blocks localized convective heat transfer and optimizes the shielding effect against radiative heat transfer. The externally fixed vacuum pump of the double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer can be activated to perform supplementary evacuation when the vacuum level exceeds 10⁻³ Pa, maintaining a high vacuum in the interlayer. Furthermore, the ends of the titanium alloy inner liner, nano-silica aerogel felt layer, intermediate vacuum layer, and double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer are reinforced with end plates, ensuring their strength meets requirements. The tank cover can be locked to the end cap using studs and nuts, and a highly efficient seal can be achieved between the end cap and the tank cover via a first and second wedge-shaped sealing ring.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the end cap is fixed with a shoulder ring, and the can lid has a groove on the side near the end cap for the can lid to be inserted.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the reliability and stability of the can lid engagement can be improved by engaging the shoulder ring with the groove on the can lid.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-section of the shoulder and the groove is trapezoidal.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the trapezoidal groove can improve the reliability and stability of the can lid engagement.

[0011] Preferably, a first sealing ring is embedded in the inclined surface of the shoulder.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the first sealing ring can achieve sealing at the shoulder of the ring.

[0013] Preferably, the can lid has a second sealing ring strip embedded and fixed in the vertical annular surface of the opposite shoulder.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the second sealing ring can improve the sealing effect at the ring shoulder.

[0015] Preferably, the surface of the titanium alloy inner liner is provided with a polyimide coating.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the polyimide coating can improve low-temperature resistance and prevent brittleness.

[0017] Preferably, the intermediate vacuum layer consists of uniformly alternating reflective screens and spacer layers.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the intermediate vacuum layer composed of uniformly alternating reflective screens and spacer layers has high strength on the one hand, and can reduce thermal radiation on the other.

[0019] Preferably, the reflective screen is an aluminum foil layer, and the spacer layer is a glass fiber mesh layer.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the reflective screen uses an aluminum foil layer and the spacer layer uses a glass fiber mesh layer, it has a good ability to reduce radiation.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0022] This invention employs a four-layer insulation design: a titanium alloy inner liner, a nano-silica aerogel felt layer, a middle vacuum layer, and a double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer. This design effectively blocks localized convective heat transfer and optimizes the shielding effect against radiative heat transfer. An externally fixed vacuum pump on the double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer can be activated to perform supplementary evacuation when the vacuum level exceeds 10⁻³ Pa, maintaining a high vacuum in the interlayer. Furthermore, the ends of the titanium alloy inner liner, nano-silica aerogel felt layer, and middle vacuum layer in this tank are reinforced with end plates, ensuring their strength meets requirements. The tank lid can be locked to the end cap using studs and nuts, and a highly efficient seal can be achieved between the end cap and the tank lid via a first and second wedge-shaped sealing ring. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the image.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Titanium alloy inner liner; 2. Nano-silica aerogel felt layer; 3. Intermediate vacuum layer; 4. Double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer; 5. End plate; 6. End cap; 7. Can lid; 8. Nut; 17. First wedge-shaped sealing ring block; 18. Second wedge-shaped sealing ring block; 9. Vacuum pump; 10. Ring shoulder; 11. Groove; 12. First sealing ring strip; 13. Second sealing ring strip; 14. Angled sealing ring; 15. Sealing embedded ring groove; 16. Convex retaining ring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This utility model provides a technical solution: a liquid hydrogen cryogenic liquid storage tank, which, in order to improve its heat preservation capacity, strength and reduce radiation, is equipped with a four-layer structure, namely including a titanium alloy inner liner layer 1, an outer layer of nano-silica aerogel felt layer 2, an outer layer of intermediate vacuum layer 3, and an outer layer of double stainless steel vacuum layer 4. The liquid hydrogen cryogenic liquid storage tank, through the four-layer heat insulation design of the titanium alloy inner liner layer 1, the nano-silica aerogel felt layer 2, the intermediate vacuum layer 3 and the outer layer of double stainless steel vacuum layer 4, blocks local convection heat transfer and optimizes the radiation heat transfer shielding effect.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 4 To further enhance strength, an integrally formed end plate 5 is provided at the open end of the titanium alloy inner liner 1. The end plate 5 is connected and fixed to the double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer 4 and the intermediate vacuum layer 3 respectively. An end cap 6 is fixed to the outside of the end plate 5. In order to connect the end plate 5 and the end cap 6 stably and reliably, a convex retaining ring 16 is provided on the outer ring wall of the double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer 4. The convex retaining ring 16 is fitted and fixed to the end cap 6.

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The storage tank is equipped with a tank cover 7, which is located above the end cap 6. The tank cover 7 is locked to the end cap 6 by studs and nuts 8. A first wedge-shaped sealing ring block 17 is provided at the annular wall of the central hole of the end cap 6. A second wedge-shaped sealing ring block 18 is embedded and fixed near the first wedge-shaped sealing ring block 17 in the tank cover 7. A vacuum pump 9 is fixed to the outside of the double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer 4. The suction end of the vacuum pump 9 extends into the middle vacuum layer 3. When the vacuum degree is higher than 10-3 Pa, the fixed vacuum pump 9 can be started to start the supplementary pumping to maintain the high vacuum state of the interlayer.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The titanium alloy inner liner 1, the nano-silica aerogel felt layer 2, the intermediate vacuum layer 3, and the double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer 4 in this tank are reinforced at the ends by end plates 5, which can ensure that their strength meets the requirements; the tank cover 7 can be locked to the end cap 6 by studs and nuts 8, and the end cap 6 and the tank cover 7 can be efficiently sealed by the first wedge-shaped sealing ring block 17 and the second wedge-shaped sealing ring block 18.

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 4 To enhance the connection strength between the can lid 7 and the end cap 6, a shoulder 10 is fixed to the top of the end cap 6. The can lid 7 has a groove 11 on its side near the end cap 6 for the can lid 7 to engage. By engaging the shoulder 10 with the groove 11 on the can lid 7, the reliability and stability of the engagement of the can lid 7 can be improved. The cross-sections of the shoulder 10 and the groove 11 are trapezoidal; the trapezoidal cross-section of the groove 11 further enhances the reliability and stability of the engagement of the can lid 7.

[0034] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In order to achieve a sealing effect, a first sealing ring 12 is embedded in the inclined surface of the shoulder 10, and the first sealing ring 12 can achieve a seal at the shoulder 10; at the same time, a second sealing ring 13 is embedded and fixed in the vertical ring surface of the can lid 7 relative to the shoulder 10, and the second sealing ring 13 can improve the sealing effect at the shoulder 10.

[0035] Please see Figures 1 to 4 To enhance thermal insulation, a polyimide coating is applied to the surface of the titanium alloy inner liner layer 1. This polyimide coating improves low-temperature resistance and prevents cracking. The intermediate vacuum layer 3 consists of uniformly alternating reflective screens and spacer layers. This uniformly alternating reflective screen and spacer layer combination provides high strength and reduces heat radiation. The reflective screen is made of aluminum foil, and the spacer layer is a fiberglass mesh. The use of aluminum foil for the reflective screen and fiberglass mesh for the spacer layer effectively reduces radiation.

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The top of the first wedge-shaped sealing ring block 17 has an outwardly protruding oblique sealing ring 14, and the bottom surface of the second wedge-shaped sealing ring block 18 has a sealing embedding ring groove 15. When the outwardly protruding oblique sealing ring 14 on the first wedge-shaped sealing ring block 17 is inserted into the sealing embedding ring groove 15 on the second wedge-shaped sealing ring block 18, a reliable locking seal can be achieved.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cryogenic liquid storage tank for liquid hydrogen, comprising a titanium alloy inner liner (1), characterized in that: The titanium alloy inner liner (1) is surrounded by a nano-silica aerogel felt layer (2), which is further surrounded by an intermediate vacuum layer (3). The intermediate vacuum layer (3) is surrounded by a double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer (4). An integrally formed end plate (5) is provided at the open end of the titanium alloy inner liner (1). The end plate (5) is connected and fixed to the double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer (4), the intermediate vacuum layer (3), and the double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer (4). An end cap (6) is fixedly attached to the outside of the end plate (5). The outer surface of the double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer (4)... A convex retaining ring (16) is provided on the ring wall, and the convex retaining ring (16) is fitted and fixed with the end cap (6). A can lid (7) is provided above the end cap (6). The can lid (7) is locked with the end cap (6) by studs and nuts (8). A first wedge-shaped sealing ring block (17) is provided at the ring wall of the center hole of the end cap (6). A second wedge-shaped sealing ring block (18) is embedded and fixed on the can lid (7) near the first wedge-shaped sealing ring block (17). A vacuum pump (9) is fixed to the outside of the double-layer stainless steel vacuum outer layer (4). The suction end of the vacuum pump (9) extends into the middle vacuum layer (3).

2. The cryogenic liquid storage tank for liquid hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the end cap (6) is fixed with a shoulder (10), and the can lid (7) has a groove (11) on the side near the end cap (6) for the can lid (7) to be inserted.

3. A cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the shoulder (10) and the groove (11) are trapezoidal.

4. A cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first sealing ring (12) is embedded in the inclined surface of the shoulder (10).

5. A cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The can lid (7) has a second sealing ring (13) embedded and fixed in the vertical annular surface of the opposite shoulder (10).

6. A cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the titanium alloy inner liner (1) is provided with a polyimide coating.

7. A cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 6, characterized in that: The intermediate vacuum layer (3) consists of uniformly alternating reflective screens and spacer layers.

8. A cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reflective screen is an aluminum foil layer, and the spacer layer is a glass fiber mesh layer.

9. A cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the first wedge-shaped sealing ring block (17) has an outwardly protruding oblique sealing ring (14), and the bottom surface of the second wedge-shaped sealing ring block (18) is provided with a sealing embedded ring groove (15).

Images