A ventilation system for negative pressure wards that combines normal and epidemic control

Abstract

This utility model relates to a negative pressure ward ventilation system that combines normal and epidemic ventilation, including a ward system, multiple vertical exhaust systems, and multiple horizontal exhaust systems. The ward system includes at least two floors, with at least two wards arranged vertically on each floor. Each ward includes a treatment area and a toilet. Each floor has a horizontal exhaust system, which is connected to the treatment area and toilet of the corresponding ward through exhaust branch pipes. The vertical exhaust systems run vertically through each floor, and the vertical exhaust shafts are connected to the toilets of the vertically aligned wards on each floor. This utility model uses the horizontal exhaust system during epidemics and the vertical exhaust system during normal times, avoiding the high energy consumption of the exhaust fan units caused by the long exhaust pipes, numerous valves, and high resistance of the horizontal exhaust system during normal times. It saves energy consumption of the ventilation system during normal times, and is low in cost and reliable in performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of ward ventilation, specifically to a negative pressure ward ventilation system that combines normal and epidemic prevention. Background Technology

[0002] Negative pressure isolation wards are specially designed rooms where the air pressure inside is lower than the outside air pressure. This means that only outside air can flow into the ward, while contaminated air from patients inside is prevented from escaping and is promptly discharged to a designated area through a dedicated channel. This prevents outdoor contamination and reduces the risk of infection for medical staff. Negative pressure isolation wards are particularly suitable for treating patients with infectious diseases, especially respiratory infectious diseases.

[0003] Currently, the ventilation systems in the combined normal and epidemic prevention wards integrate the exhaust systems of the toilets and patient rooms. Each floor's ventilation system is a horizontal system, and constant air volume valves are installed on the exhaust branch pipes of the toilets to ensure sufficient airflow. The exhaust units are shared during normal times and during epidemics, operating at low speed during normal times and high speed during epidemics. Negative pressure wards do not require ventilation in normal times; only the toilets within the wards need ventilation. During an epidemic, both the wards and their toilets require ventilation.

[0004] Because horizontal exhaust systems have long ducts, numerous valves, and high resistance, the energy consumption of the exhaust fan units remains high even during normal ventilation. Furthermore, the resistance between exhaust branch pipes in different wards is not easily balanced, resulting in poor ventilation in the bathrooms of wards far from the exhaust fan units. Based on the operational experience of existing hospitals' combined normal and epidemic prevention wards over the past few years, hospital administrators generally believe that this method is ineffective. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on the above description, this utility model provides a negative pressure ward ventilation system that combines normal and epidemic prevention. By replacing the constant air volume valve installed on the exhaust branch pipe of the bathroom with a bathroom ventilator, the machine replaces the valve. During an epidemic, the horizontal exhaust system is used for ventilation, while during normal times, the vertical exhaust system is used for ventilation. This avoids the high energy consumption of the exhaust fan unit caused by the long exhaust pipe, many valves, and high resistance of the horizontal exhaust system during normal times, thus saving the operating energy consumption of the ventilation system during normal times. It is also low in cost and reliable in performance.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a negative pressure ward ventilation system that combines normal and epidemic prevention, including a ward system, multiple vertical exhaust systems and multiple horizontal exhaust systems; The ward system includes at least two floors, and each floor has at least two wards arranged vertically, each ward including a treatment area and a toilet; Each floor is equipped with a horizontal exhaust system, which includes an exhaust fan unit for epidemic prevention, a main exhaust duct, and multiple branch exhaust ducts. Each branch exhaust duct corresponds to a ward on the same floor. The exhaust fan unit for epidemic prevention is connected to one end of the main exhaust duct, and the main exhaust duct is connected to the treatment area and the toilet of the corresponding ward through the branch exhaust ducts. The vertical exhaust system includes a normal-use exhaust fan unit and a vertical exhaust shaft; the vertical exhaust shaft runs vertically through each floor and is connected to the bathroom of the ward that is vertically aligned on each floor; the normal-use exhaust fan unit is connected to the vertical exhaust shaft.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0008] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned toilets is equipped with a toilet ventilator, which is connected to the corresponding vertical exhaust shaft via a fire damper, and the toilet ventilator is connected to the corresponding exhaust branch pipe via a first airtight valve.

[0009] Furthermore, each treatment area is equipped with a downdraft exhaust vent, which is connected to the corresponding exhaust branch pipe via a variable air volume valve.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the exhaust branch pipes is equipped with a second airtight valve.

[0011] Furthermore, the system includes multiple horizontal fresh air systems, one of which is installed on each floor. Each horizontal fresh air system includes a fresh air handling unit, a main fresh air duct, and multiple branch fresh air ducts, with each branch fresh air duct corresponding to a ward on the same floor. The fresh air handling unit is connected to one end of the main fresh air duct, and the main fresh air duct is connected to the treatment area of ​​the corresponding ward through the branch fresh air ducts.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the fresh air branch pipes is equipped with a third airtight valve and a dual-condition constant air volume valve.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the treatment areas is equipped with a fan coil unit.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This utility model uses a horizontal exhaust system during epidemics and a vertical exhaust system during normal times. This avoids the high energy consumption of the exhaust fan unit caused by the long exhaust pipes, many valves and high resistance of the horizontal exhaust system during normal times, thus saving the operating energy of the ventilation system during normal times. It is also low in cost and reliable in performance. 2. When using a vertical exhaust system, the airflow direction is consistent with gravity, which can reduce the generation of eddies and make the airflow more uniform, thus ensuring that each bathroom has a good exhaust effect. 3. Bathroom ventilators are used instead of constant air volume valves, which not only ensures the exhaust air volume of the bathroom but also provides additional power for bathroom exhaust, thus ensuring the exhaust effect of the bathroom. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a negative pressure ward ventilation system that combines normal and epidemic control is provided for an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ward structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal fresh air system in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal exhaust system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical exhaust system in an embodiment of the present invention; The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Ward system; 11. Floor; 12. Ward; 121. Toilet; 122. Toilet ventilator; 123. Treatment area; 124. Downdraft exhaust outlet; 125. Fan coil unit; 2. Horizontal fresh air system; 21. Fresh air handling unit; 22. Main fresh air duct; 23. Branch fresh air duct; 24. Third airtight valve; 25. Dual-condition constant air volume valve; 3. Horizontal exhaust system; 31. Exhaust fan unit for epidemic control; 32. Main exhaust duct; 33. Branch exhaust duct; 34. Second airtight valve; 35. First airtight valve; 36. Variable air volume valve; 4. Vertical exhaust system; 41. Normal exhaust fan unit; 42. Vertical exhaust shaft; 43. Fire damper. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0018] It should be noted that when one element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or connected to the other element through an intermediary element. In the following embodiments, "connection" should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have the transmission of electrical signals or data between them.

[0019] A ventilation system for a negative pressure ward that combines normal and epidemic control includes a ward system 1, multiple horizontal fresh air systems 2, multiple vertical exhaust systems 4, and multiple horizontal exhaust systems 3.

[0020] The ward system 1 includes at least two floors 11, and each floor 11 has at least two wards 12 arranged vertically. Each ward 12 includes a treatment area 123 and a toilet 121. In this embodiment, each treatment area 123 is equipped with a fan coil unit 125 to achieve temperature control of each treatment area 123.

[0021] In addition, each toilet 121 is equipped with a toilet ventilator 122 for exhausting the air from the toilet 121. Each treatment area 123 is equipped with a downdraft vent 124 for exhausting the air from the treatment area 123.

[0022] Each floor 11 is equipped with a horizontal fresh air system 2. Each horizontal fresh air system 2 includes a fresh air handling unit 21, a main fresh air duct 22, and multiple branch fresh air ducts 23. Each branch fresh air duct 23 corresponds one-to-one with a patient room 12 on the same floor 11. The fresh air handling unit 21 is connected to one end of the main fresh air duct 22, and the main fresh air duct 22 is connected to the corresponding treatment area 123 of the patient room 12 via the branch fresh air ducts 23. Each branch fresh air duct 23 is equipped with a third airtight valve 24 and a dual-condition constant air volume valve 25.

[0023] Each floor 11 is equipped with a horizontal exhaust system 3, which includes an epidemic prevention exhaust fan unit 31, a main exhaust duct 32, and multiple branch exhaust ducts 33. Each branch exhaust duct 33 corresponds to a ward 12 on the same floor 11. The epidemic prevention exhaust fan unit 31 is connected to one end of the main exhaust duct 32, and the main exhaust duct 32 is connected to the treatment area 123 and the toilet 121 of the corresponding ward 12 via the branch exhaust ducts 33. Each branch exhaust duct 33 is equipped with a second airtight valve 34. The toilet ventilator 122 is connected to the corresponding branch exhaust duct 33 via a first airtight valve 35, and the lower exhaust vent 124 is connected to the corresponding branch exhaust duct 33 via a variable air volume valve 36.

[0024] Each vertical exhaust system 4 includes a normal-use exhaust fan unit 41 and a vertical exhaust shaft 42. The vertical exhaust shafts 42 run vertically through each floor 11 and connect to the toilets 121 of the vertically aligned wards 12 on each floor 11. The normal-use exhaust fan unit 41 is connected to the vertical exhaust shaft 42. The toilet ventilator 122 is connected to the corresponding vertical exhaust shaft 42 via a fire damper 43.

[0025] In this embodiment, the first airtight valve 35, the second airtight valve 34, the third airtight valve 24, the variable air volume valve 36, the dual-condition constant air volume valve 25, and the fire damper 43 are all electric valves.

[0026] Normally, only the toilet 121 is ventilated; the treatment area 123 is not ventilated. Specifically, the fresh air unit 21 and the normal-use exhaust unit 41 are turned on. The fresh air unit 21 operates at low speed (or low frequency), the first and second airtight valves 35 and 34 are closed, the fire damper 43 and the third airtight valve 24 are open, the variable air volume valve 36 is closed, and the dual-condition constant air volume valve 25 operates at the normal air volume (low air volume). At this time, the air from the toilet 121 passes through the toilet ventilator 122, through the fire damper 43 to the vertical exhaust shaft 42, and is then exhausted to the outside through the normal-use exhaust unit 41.

[0027] The toilets 121 of the vertically aligned wards 12 on each floor 11 share a vertical exhaust shaft 42 and a normally used exhaust fan unit 41. Fresh air from the fresh air unit 21 (running at low speed) is delivered to the wards 12 through a third airtight valve 24 and a dual-condition constant air volume valve 25.

[0028] During the pandemic, both restroom 121 and ward 12 require ventilation. Specifically, the fresh air handling unit 21 and the pandemic-specific exhaust fan unit 31 are activated. The fresh air handling unit 21 operates at high speed (or power frequency), the fire damper 43 is closed, and the normal exhaust fan unit 41 is shut off. The first airtight valve 35, the second airtight valve 34, and the third airtight valve 24 are open, the variable air volume valve 36 is open, and the dual-condition constant air volume valve 25 operates at the pandemic-specific air volume (high air volume). Air from restroom 121 passes through the restroom ventilator 122, then through the fire damper 43, and merges with air from ward 12 (passing through the lower exhaust vent 124 and the variable air volume valve 36). After merging, the air passes through the second airtight valve 34 and is exhausted outdoors by the pandemic-specific exhaust fan unit 31. Fresh air from the fresh air handling unit 21 (operating at high speed) is delivered to ward 12 through the third airtight valve 24 and the dual-condition constant air volume valve 25.

[0029] This embodiment uses the horizontal exhaust system 3 for exhaust during the epidemic and the vertical exhaust system 4 for exhaust during normal times. This avoids the high energy consumption of the exhaust unit during normal times due to the long exhaust pipes, many valves and high resistance of the horizontal exhaust system 3. It saves the operating energy of the ventilation system during normal times, and is low in cost and reliable in performance.

[0030] In addition, toilet 121 uses a toilet ventilator 122 instead of a constant air volume valve, which not only ensures the exhaust air volume of toilet 121 but also provides additional power for toilet exhaust, thus ensuring the exhaust effect of toilet 121. The airflow direction in the vertical exhaust shaft 42 is consistent with gravity, which can reduce the generation of eddies and make the airflow more uniform, thereby ensuring that each toilet 121 has a good exhaust effect.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A negative pressure ventilation system for wards that combines normal and epidemic control, characterized in that, This includes a ward system, multiple vertical exhaust systems, and multiple horizontal exhaust systems; The ward system includes at least two floors, and each floor has at least two wards arranged vertically, each ward including a treatment area and a toilet; Each floor is equipped with a horizontal exhaust system, which includes an exhaust fan unit for epidemic prevention, a main exhaust duct, and multiple branch exhaust ducts. Each branch exhaust duct corresponds to a ward on the same floor. The exhaust fan unit for epidemic prevention is connected to one end of the main exhaust duct, and the main exhaust duct is connected to the treatment area and the toilet of the corresponding ward through the branch exhaust ducts. The vertical exhaust system includes a normal-use exhaust fan unit and a vertical exhaust shaft; the vertical exhaust shaft runs vertically through each floor and is connected to the bathroom of the ward that is vertically aligned on each floor; the normal-use exhaust fan unit is connected to the vertical exhaust shaft.

2. The ventilation system for a combined peacetime and epidemic-time negative pressure ward according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned toilets is equipped with a toilet ventilator, which is connected to the corresponding vertical exhaust shaft via a fire damper, and is also connected to the corresponding exhaust branch pipe via a first airtight valve.

3. The ventilation system for a combined peacetime and epidemic-prevention negative pressure ward according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each treatment area is equipped with a downdraft exhaust vent, which is connected to the corresponding exhaust branch pipe via a variable air volume valve.

4. The ventilation system for a combined peacetime and epidemic-time negative pressure ward according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the exhaust branch pipes is equipped with a second airtight valve.

5. The ventilation system for a combined peacetime and epidemic-time negative pressure ward according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple horizontal fresh air systems, with one horizontal fresh air system installed on each floor; each horizontal fresh air system includes a fresh air handling unit, a main fresh air duct, and multiple branch fresh air ducts, with each branch fresh air duct corresponding to a ward on the same floor; the fresh air handling unit is connected to one end of the main fresh air duct, and the main fresh air duct is connected to the treatment area of ​​the corresponding ward through the branch fresh air ducts.

6. The ventilation system for a combined peacetime and epidemic-time negative pressure ward according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the fresh air branch pipes is equipped with a third airtight valve and a dual-condition constant air volume valve.

7. The ventilation system for a combined peacetime and epidemic-prevention negative pressure ward according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned treatment areas is equipped with a fan coil unit.

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