A multi-stage sand trap irrigation channel system

Abstract

The utility model relates to silt treatment technical field, concretely relates to a multistage sand arresting dam irrigation canal system. The utility model discloses main inlet channel, first branch canal, second branch canal, is equipped with the shunt pool between main inlet channel and first branch canal, and there is connecting underground passage between first branch canal and second branch canal. Each level channel is T type, and is equipped with the sand arresting overflow dam of height gradually reducing and the sand discharge gate of diameter gradually reducing respectively. The bottom of shunt pool is 3 degree inclination inclined plane, and is connected with first branch canal through shunt gate. The system can effectively reduce downstream channel silt accumulation through multistage sand arresting overflow dam step by step intercepting silt, discharging again through sand discharge gate, has the advantages such as good sand arresting effect, low engineering cost, low maintenance cost, wide application range, can solve the silt problem of high fine sand containing water irrigation channel, guarantees agricultural irrigation stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sediment treatment technology, specifically to a multi-stage sediment trap irrigation canal system. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural irrigation, especially in environments with high sand content, siltation in irrigation canals has always been a key factor restricting agricultural production. Fine sand particles in high-sand-content water, once entering the irrigation canals, are easily deposited due to factors such as slower water flow and changes in canal slope, leading to a series of serious consequences.

[0003] Currently, most irrigation areas in my country use sedimentation basins as the primary filtration facility in their irrigation systems. While sedimentation basins are adaptable to varying sediment sizes and water flow rates, and offer relatively good sediment removal, they also have several insurmountable drawbacks. Sedimentation basins require a significant amount of land, which undoubtedly increases the cost and complexity of the project in today's increasingly resource-constrained environment. Furthermore, sedimentation basins have a relatively short lifespan; after a period of use, a large amount of sediment accumulates, requiring frequent manual dredging. Manual dredging not only incurs substantial manpower and material costs but also affects the timeliness and stability of agricultural irrigation, delaying optimal irrigation times.

[0004] Besides sedimentation basins, some simple sand-trapping and sand-discharging measures have been applied to irrigation channels, but the results have been less than ideal. These measures often only intercept some of the larger-diameter silt particles, and are less effective at intercepting fine sand particles suspended in the water, failing to fundamentally solve the problem of siltation. Over time, the increasing accumulation of silt in the channels leads to a decrease in the channels' water conveyance capacity, affecting the lifespan and efficiency of downstream facilities in the irrigation system. Downstream pumps, gates, and other equipment will frequently break down due to wear and tear from the silt, increasing the costs of equipment maintenance and replacement.

[0005] Furthermore, siltation alters the flow pattern in irrigation channels, leading to uneven water distribution and affecting the uniformity of irrigation, which in turn negatively impacts crop growth. In some areas, severe siltation in channels has even prevented irrigation water from reaching the fields, seriously hindering agricultural production.

[0006] Therefore, with the continuous development of water conservancy engineering technology, there is an urgent need for an efficient, economical and durable sediment treatment solution to solve the problem of sediment accumulation in agricultural irrigation channels in water environments with high fine sand content, and to improve the performance and efficiency of irrigation systems. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a multi-stage silt-trapping dam irrigation canal system. To achieve the above objective, this utility model adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A multi-stage sand-blocking dam irrigation canal system includes a main intake canal, a primary branch canal, and a secondary branch canal. A diversion pool is provided between the main intake canal and the primary branch canal, and a connecting tunnel is provided between the primary branch canal and the secondary branch canal.

[0009] The main intake channel includes a primary sediment-blocking overflow dam and a primary sediment-discharging gate. The primary branch channel includes a secondary sediment-blocking overflow dam and a secondary sediment-discharging gate. The secondary branch channel includes a sediment-blocking overflow dam and a tertiary sediment-discharging gate. The height of the primary sediment-blocking overflow dam, the secondary sediment-blocking overflow dam, and the sediment-blocking overflow dam decreases sequentially. The diameter of the primary sediment-discharging gate, the secondary sediment-discharging gate, and the tertiary sediment-discharging gate decreases sequentially.

[0010] The bottom of the diversion pool is provided with an inclined surface that slopes in the direction of water flow, and a diversion gate is provided between the diversion pool and the primary branch canal.

[0011] As an improvement, the main intake canal, primary branch canal, and secondary branch canal are all T-shaped channels.

[0012] As an improvement, the height of the primary sediment-trapping overflow dam is 80% of the height of the main intake channel, the height of the secondary sediment-trapping overflow dam is 60% of the height of the primary branch channel, and the height of the tertiary sediment-trapping overflow dam is 40% of the height of the secondary branch channel.

[0013] As an improvement, the height of the primary sand discharge gate is the same as the height of the main intake channel, the height of the secondary sand discharge gate is the same as the height of the secondary sand-blocking overflow dam, and the height of the tertiary sand discharge gate is the same as the height of the tertiary sand-blocking overflow dam.

[0014] As an improvement, the bottom slope of the diversion pool is 3°.

[0015] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0016] 1. This utility model effectively intercepts sediment of different particle sizes in high-sediment-content water through a tiered interception system consisting of a primary overflow dam, a secondary overflow dam, and a secondary overflow dam. This causes a large amount of sediment to deposit at the head of the irrigation system, significantly reducing sediment accumulation in downstream channels. Actual testing has shown that this system reduces sediment accumulation in downstream channels, significantly improving the service life and operational efficiency of downstream irrigation facilities.

[0017] 2. This utility model system adopts a T-shaped channel structure, which is common in agricultural irrigation. The construction technology is mature and the modification is easy, which can reduce the construction cost of the project. Compared with the traditional sedimentation tank, the system occupies a small area, which can save a lot of land resources and further reduce the project cost.

[0018] 3. This utility model is convenient for sand removal and has low maintenance costs. The setting of sand removal gates at all levels enables the timely discharge of deposited silt, avoiding the tedious and costly manual dredging. As the amount of silt accumulation in the downstream channel is greatly reduced, the water conveyance capacity of the channel is effectively guaranteed, reducing the damage to the channel caused by silt wear and accumulation, and extending the service life of the channel. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plan structure of a multi-stage sand-blocking dam irrigation canal system in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 2 In Example 1 Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure.

[0021] Figure 3 In Example 1 Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-section structure.

[0022] The diagram is labeled as follows:

[0023] 1. Main intake channel; 2. Primary overflow dam; 3. Primary discharge gate; 4. Diversion pool; 5. Diversion gate; 6. Secondary discharge gate; 7. Secondary overflow dam; 8. Primary branch channel; 9. Connecting tunnel; 10. Tertiary discharge gate; 11. Tertiary overflow dam; 12. Secondary branch channel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," or "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments to enable a better understanding of the present invention. However, the following embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] This embodiment discloses a multi-stage sand-blocking dam irrigation canal system.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment includes a main intake channel 1, a primary branch channel 8, and a secondary branch channel 12. Through the coordination of multi-stage sediment-blocking overflow dams and sediment discharge gates, it achieves step-by-step sediment interception and discharge of high-sediment-content water. The specific structure is as follows:

[0033] Overall structural layout

[0034] Main Intake Canal 1: As the primary water conveyance channel of the irrigation system, it adopts a T-shaped channel structure, which is commonly used in agricultural irrigation, has a wide range of applications, and is easy to modify. Main Intake Canal 1 includes a primary sediment-blocking overflow dam 2 and a primary sediment-discharging gate 3. The height of the primary sediment-blocking overflow dam 2 is 80% of the height of the main intake canal 1, which can initially intercept sediment in the water flow.

[0035] The height of the primary sand discharge gate 3 is the same as that of the main intake channel 1, which can discharge a large amount of sediment deposited in the main intake channel 1.

[0036] Primary branch canal 8: Connected to the main intake canal 1 via a diversion pool 4, it is also a T-shaped canal. Primary branch canal 8 includes a secondary sediment-trapping overflow dam 7 and a secondary sediment discharge gate 6. The height of the secondary sediment-trapping overflow dam 7 is 60% of the height of primary branch canal 8, and its height is lower than that of the primary sediment-trapping overflow dam 2. It can further trap sediment in the water flow after the initial treatment by the main intake canal 1. The diameter of the secondary sediment discharge gate 6 is slightly smaller than that of the primary sediment discharge gate 3, and its height is the same as that of the secondary sediment-trapping overflow dam 7. It is used to discharge the sediment deposited in primary branch canal 8.

[0037] Secondary branch canal 12: Connected to primary branch canal 8 via connecting tunnel 9, it is a T-shaped canal. Secondary branch canal 12 includes a sediment-trapping overflow dam and a tertiary sediment-discharging gate 10. The sediment-trapping overflow dam is 40% the height of secondary branch canal 12, and is the lowest among the tertiary sediment-trapping overflow dams 11, further intercepting fine sediment in the water flow. The tertiary sediment-discharging gate 10 has the smallest diameter and the same height as the tertiary sediment-trapping overflow dam 11, and is used to discharge sediment from secondary branch canal 12.

[0038] Key component design

[0039] Diversion pool 4: Located between the main intake channel 1 and the primary branch channel 8, it is used to divert water from the main intake channel 1 into the primary branch channel 8. The bottom of the diversion pool 4 has an inclined surface sloping in the direction of water flow, with a bottom slope of 3°. This design facilitates smooth water flow and promotes the initial deposition of sediment within the diversion pool 4. A diversion gate 5 connects the diversion pool 4 to the primary branch channel 8, which controls the amount of water entering the primary branch channel 8.

[0040] Connecting channel 9: Located between primary branch canal 8 and secondary branch canal 12, it is used to transport water from primary branch canal 8 to secondary branch canal 12. Its structural design can reduce energy loss of water during the transportation process and ensure stable water flow.

[0041] The height of the sediment-trapping overflow dams decreases sequentially from the first-level overflow dam (2) to the second-level overflow dam (7). This progressively lowering design creates a drop in water flow within each level of the channel, promoting sediment deposition. When water flows through the overflow dams, the flow speed is slowed down due to the obstruction of the dam structure, causing sediment to settle in front of the dam.

[0042] Desilting gates: The diameters of the primary desilting gate 3, secondary desilting gate 6, and tertiary desilting gate 10 decrease sequentially, which corresponds to the amount of sediment deposited in each level of the channel. The main intake channel 1 has the largest amount of sediment deposited, therefore the primary desilting gate 3 has the largest diameter; the secondary branch channel 12 has a relatively smaller amount of sediment deposited, therefore the tertiary desilting gate 10 has the smallest diameter. The desilting gates can periodically discharge the deposited sediment from the channel, preventing excessive sediment accumulation from affecting the channel's water conveyance capacity.

[0043] Workflow

[0044] High-sediment-laden water first enters the main intake channel 1. Under the action of the primary sediment-blocking overflow dam 2, the water flow velocity is slowed down, and a large amount of sediment is deposited in front of the dam. When the sediment in the main intake channel 1 reaches a certain level, the primary sediment discharge gate 3 is opened to discharge the deposited sediment. Part of the pre-treated water continues to flow downstream of the main intake channel 1, while the other part enters the primary branch channel 8 through the diversion pool 4.

[0045] The water flowing into the primary branch canal 8 is slowed down again by the secondary sediment-trapping overflow dam 7, causing some finer sediment to deposit in front of the dam. Once a certain amount has been deposited, it is discharged through the secondary sediment discharge gate 6. Subsequently, the water flows into the secondary branch canal 12 through the connecting culvert 9, where the sediment-trapping overflow dam further intercepts finer sediment. The deposited sediment is discharged through the tertiary sediment discharge gate 10. After three stages of treatment, the water has a significantly reduced sediment content and can be used for downstream agricultural irrigation.

[0046] Operation and maintenance

[0047] Regular sand removal: Based on the sediment deposition in the channels, sand removal gates at all levels are opened regularly to remove sand. Generally, the sand removal cycle of the main intake channel 1 is relatively short, while the sand removal cycles of the primary branch channel 8 and the secondary branch channel 12 can be appropriately extended.

[0048] Inspection and Maintenance: Regularly inspect the sand-blocking overflow dam, sand discharge gate, diversion pool 4, and connecting culvert 9 to check for cracks in the dam body, proper sealing of the sand discharge gate, and damage to the channels. Repair and address any problems promptly to ensure the system operates normally.

[0049] Flow regulation: Based on the needs of agricultural irrigation, the water volume entering the primary branch canal 8 is regulated by the diversion gate 5 to ensure a reasonable distribution of water volume between the main intake canal 1 and the primary branch canal 8, thus guaranteeing uniform irrigation.

[0050] The specific embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above, but they are merely examples, and this utility model is not equivalent to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions to this utility model are also within the scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be covered within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-stage silt-trapping dam irrigation canal system, characterized in that, It includes a main intake channel (1), a primary branch channel (8) and a secondary branch channel (12). A diversion pool (4) is provided between the main intake channel (1) and the primary branch channel (8), and a connecting tunnel (9) is provided between the primary branch channel (8) and the secondary branch channel (12). The main intake channel (1) includes a primary sand-blocking overflow dam (2) and a primary sand-discharging gate (3). The primary branch channel (8) includes a secondary sand-blocking overflow dam (7) and a secondary sand-discharging gate (6). The secondary branch channel (12) includes a sand-blocking overflow dam and a tertiary sand-discharging gate (10). The heights of the primary sand-blocking overflow dam (2), the secondary sand-blocking overflow dam (7), and the tertiary sand-blocking overflow dam (11) decrease sequentially. The diameters of the primary sand-discharging gate (3), the secondary sand-discharging gate (6), and the tertiary sand-discharging gate (10) decrease sequentially. The bottom of the diversion pool (4) is provided with an inclined surface that slopes in the direction of water flow, and a diversion gate (5) is provided between the diversion pool (4) and the primary branch canal (8).

2. The multi-stage silt-trapping dam irrigation canal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main intake canal (1), the first-level branch canal (8), and the second-level branch canal (12) are all T-shaped channels.

3. The multi-stage silt-trapping dam irrigation canal system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the first-level sand-blocking overflow dam (2) is 80% of the height of the main intake channel (1), the height of the second-level sand-blocking overflow dam (7) is 60% of the height of the first-level branch channel (8), and the height of the third-level sand-blocking overflow dam (11) is 40% of the height of the second-level branch channel (12).

4. The multi-stage silt-trapping dam irrigation canal system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the first-level sand discharge gate (3) is the same as the height of the main intake channel (1), the height of the second-level sand discharge gate (6) is the same as the height of the second-level sand-blocking overflow dam (7), and the height of the third-level sand discharge gate (10) is the same as the height of the third-level sand-blocking overflow dam (11).

5. A multi-stage silt-trapping dam irrigation canal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom slope of the diversion pool (4) is 3°.

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