A top combustion hot blast stove burner and a top combustion hot blast stove

Abstract

This invention provides a top-fired hot blast stove burner, comprising a shell and a combustion chamber located inside the shell. From top to bottom, the shell is provided with a gas inlet assembly, a combustion air inlet assembly, and a high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly. The outlets of these three assemblies are all connected to the combustion chamber. The high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly includes several high-calorific-value gas pipes, each arranged in a spiral-cut pattern along the circumference of the combustion chamber, with its outlet direction either horizontal or inclined upwards. This invention effectively solves problems such as insufficient mixing at the bottom of the burner, uneven temperature field, difficulty in raising the dome temperature due to combustion efficiency limitations, and difficulty in removing residual gas due to dead zones in the flow field by adding an independent high-calorific-value gas inlet structure at the bottom of the combustion chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of hot blast stove technology, specifically relating to a top-fired hot blast stove burner and a top-fired hot blast stove. Background Technology

[0002] As a core facility in blast furnace ironmaking, the hot blast stove requires a stable supply of high-temperature hot blast. Top-fired hot blast stoves are widely used due to their advantages such as simple design, small footprint, and high blast temperature. However, existing top-fired hot blast stoves generally suffer from key problems with their ceramic burners:

[0003] (1) The mixing of combustion air and coal gas mainly relies on the upper nozzle injection. The mixing in the lower part of the combustion chamber is insufficient, resulting in uneven distribution of flow field and temperature field, low coal gas utilization rate and poor combustion stability.

[0004] (2) In the prior art, the gas and combustion air of the burner are injected from the upper part of the combustion chamber, and there is a lack of active control over the airflow in the lower area. Especially in large blast furnaces, the lower space of the combustion chamber is prone to forming a mixing dead zone, and high-calorific-value gases (such as coke oven gas, natural gas, etc.) are difficult to participate in the combustion reaction efficiently, which limits the further increase of the dome temperature and the efficiency of residual gas removal. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a top-fired hot blast stove burner that can at least solve some of the defects existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A top-fired hot blast stove burner includes a shell and a combustion chamber located inside the shell. The shell is provided with a gas inlet assembly, a combustion air inlet assembly, and a high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly from top to bottom. The outlet ends of the gas inlet assembly, the combustion air inlet assembly, and the high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly are all connected to the combustion chamber. The high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly includes a plurality of high-calorific-value gas pipes. Each high-calorific-value gas pipe is arranged in a spiral-cut shape along the circumference of the combustion chamber and its outlet direction is horizontal or inclined upward.

[0008] Furthermore, the shear angle of the high-calorific-value gas pipeline is 15-60°.

[0009] Furthermore, when the outlet direction of the high-calorific-value gas pipeline is inclined upward, the angle between it and the horizontal plane is 0-45°.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of high-calorific-value gas pipelines is 4-12.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas inlet assembly includes a main gas pipeline, a gas distribution ring, and a gas nozzle pipeline. The end of the main gas pipeline is perpendicular to the axis of the housing and fixedly connected to the housing. The gas distribution ring is arranged around the inside of the housing and is perpendicularly connected to the main gas pipeline. The gas nozzle pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the housing on the side of the gas distribution ring facing away from the main gas pipeline and is perpendicularly connected to the gas distribution ring. The upper part of the inner side wall of the housing is also provided with a plurality of gas nozzles along its circumference to inject gas into the combustion chamber in a swirling manner. The gas nozzles are connected to the gas nozzle pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas nozzle pipeline includes an upper gas nozzle pipeline and a lower gas nozzle pipeline. The gas nozzles are arranged in two rows, with the upper row of gas nozzles connected to the upper gas nozzle pipeline and the lower row of gas nozzles connected to the lower gas nozzle pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the combustion air intake assembly includes a combustion air duct, a combustion air distribution ring, and a combustion air nozzle duct. The end of the combustion air duct is perpendicular to the axis of the housing and fixedly connected to the housing. The combustion air distribution ring is arranged around the inside of the housing and is perpendicularly connected to the combustion air duct. The combustion air nozzle duct is disposed on the side wall of the housing on the side of the combustion air distribution ring facing away from the combustion air duct, and is connected to the combustion air distribution ring. The upper part of the inner side wall of the housing is also provided with a plurality of combustion air nozzles along its circumference to inject combustion air into the combustion chamber in a swirling manner. The combustion air nozzles are connected to the combustion air nozzle duct.

[0014] Furthermore, the combustion air nozzle duct includes an upper combustion air nozzle duct and a lower combustion air nozzle duct. The upper combustion air nozzle duct is arranged at an upward angle, and the lower combustion air nozzle duct is arranged horizontally. The combustion air nozzles are arranged in two rows, with the upper row of combustion air nozzles connected to the upper combustion air nozzle duct and the lower row of combustion air nozzles connected to the lower combustion air nozzle duct.

[0015] Furthermore, the swirl direction of the high-calorific-value gas pipeline is opposite to the swirling direction of the swirling combustion air ejected from the combustion air nozzle.

[0016] In addition, this utility model also provides a top-fired hot air furnace, including the above-mentioned top-fired hot air furnace burner.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] (1) The top-fired hot air furnace burner provided by this utility model has a high-calorific-value gas pipeline arranged in a swirl-cut shape at its lower part and the outlet is horizontal or inclined upward to spray out a reverse swirling flow, which actively and strongly disturbs the airflow in the lower space of the combustion chamber, significantly improves the mixing effect of gas and combustion air in the lower part of the combustion chamber, effectively reduces the mixing dead zone, improves the mixing efficiency, and the lower swirl-cut airflow effectively purifies the bottom of the combustion chamber, which can significantly reduce the accumulation of residual gas.

[0019] (2) The top-fired hot air furnace burner provided by this utility model significantly improves the temperature level in the lower part of the combustion chamber by fully mixing and burning the high-calorific-value coal gas introduced at its lower part, reducing the overall temperature field deviation of the combustion chamber and improving the uniformity of temperature distribution.

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of the burner of the top-fired hot blast stove of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Shell; 2. Combustion chamber; 3. Furnace top; 4. Gas nozzle; 5. Upper gas nozzle pipe; 6. Lower gas nozzle pipe; 7. Gas distribution loop; 8. Main gas pipe; 9. Combustion air nozzle; 10. Upper combustion air nozzle pipe; 11. Lower combustion air nozzle pipe; 12. Combustion air distribution loop; 13. Combustion air pipe; 14. High-calorific-value gas pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, abutting connections, or integral connections. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a top-fired hot air stove burner, including a shell 1 and a combustion chamber 2 located inside the shell 1. The shell 1 is provided with a gas inlet assembly, a combustion air inlet assembly and a high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly from top to bottom. The gas inlet assembly, the combustion air inlet assembly and the high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly are all connected to the combustion chamber 2. The high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly includes a plurality of high-calorific-value gas pipes 14. Each high-calorific-value gas pipe 14 is arranged in a spiral-cut shape along the circumference of the combustion chamber 2 and its outlet direction is horizontal or inclined upward. In this embodiment, the top-fired hot blast stove burner is installed between the furnace top 3 and the furnace body. During operation, conventional gas and combustion air are injected into the combustion chamber 2 through the gas inlet assembly and the combustion air inlet assembly, respectively. They interact, mix, and begin combustion within the combustion chamber 2. Simultaneously, high-calorific-value gas is ejected from the horizontally or obliquely upward-arranged outlets of each high-calorific-value gas pipe 14, forming a rotating airflow covering the bottom to the middle of the combustion chamber 2. This upward-moving vortex strongly disturbs the lower and middle space of the combustion chamber 2, causing intense mixing with the combustion products of the conventional gas and combustion air descending from the upper part and the airflow that is currently mixing and burning. This significantly enhances the gas mixing process within the combustion chamber 2, enabling efficient combustion of the gas, increasing the temperature in the lower and middle parts of the combustion chamber 2, improving the uniformity of the flow field and temperature field of the entire combustion chamber 2, and helping to remove residual gas at the bottom, ultimately achieving a more complete, stable, and higher-temperature combustion effect.

[0029] In this embodiment, a set of high-calorific-value gas pipelines is added to the bottom of the burner to directly supply high-calorific-value gas to the lower part of the burner. Through reverse injection with a swirl cutter, the outlet is tilted upward, forming a high-energy-density vortex at the bottom of the combustion chamber. This supplied high-calorific-value gas can be pre-mixed and burned with air in the lower part of the burner, increasing the calorific value of the lower part of the burner. However, if an air intake is added to the bottom of the burner, the air is injected upward from the bottom, which can only supplement oxygen but cannot directly increase the calorific value of the lower part. Combustion still depends on the mixing of gas and air in the upper part. In this case, the lower part of the burner is prone to low temperature due to insufficient calorific value, especially in the case of low-calorific-value gas.

[0030] Specifically, in this embodiment, high-calorific-value gas can be, but is not limited to, coke oven gas, natural gas, etc.

[0031] Optionally, in this embodiment, the gas inlet assembly, the combustion air inlet assembly, and the high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly correspond to the upper, middle, and bottom parts of the combustion chamber 2, respectively.

[0032] Specifically, the number of high-calorific-value gas pipelines 14 is 4-12, with the specific number designed to match the circumferential space corresponding to the inner diameter of the combustion chamber 2. The swirl angle of the high-calorific-value gas pipeline 14 is 15-60°. If the swirl angle is less than 15°, the swirling disturbance effect is poor, resulting in insufficient air swirling intensity at the bottom. When the swirl angle is greater than 60°, the high-speed gas jet directly impacts the opposite furnace wall, increasing the local wear rate. In addition, excessive centrifugal force of the swirling flow increases system resistance and blower power consumption. When the outlet direction of the high-calorific-value gas pipeline 14 is inclined upward, its angle with the horizontal plane is 0-45°. If the upward inclination angle is too large, the vertical velocity of the gas jet is too large, while the horizontal velocity is insufficient, failing to form a bottom "sweeping airflow," resulting in bottom purging failure and a risk of explosion from residual gas.

[0033] As one specific implementation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the gas inlet assembly includes a main gas pipeline 8, a gas distribution ring 7, and a gas nozzle pipeline. The main gas pipeline 8 is used to connect to a conventional gas source. The end of the main gas pipeline 8 is perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1 and fixedly connected to the housing 1. The gas distribution ring 7 is arranged around the inside of the housing 1 and is perpendicularly connected to the main gas pipeline 8. The gas nozzle pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the housing 1 on the side of the gas distribution ring 7 facing away from the main gas pipeline 8, and is perpendicularly connected to the gas distribution ring 7. It is used to transport conventional gas from the gas distribution ring 7 to the corresponding gas nozzle 4. The upper part of the inner side wall of the housing 1 is also provided with several gas nozzles 4 along its circumference to inject gas into the combustion chamber 2 in a swirling form. The gas nozzles 4 are connected to the gas nozzle pipeline. Conventional gas enters the gas distribution loop 7 through the main gas pipeline 8, and then is injected into the upper part of the combustion chamber 2 in a swirling manner from the gas nozzle 4 through the gas nozzle pipeline.

[0034] Preferably, the gas nozzle pipeline includes an upper gas nozzle pipeline 5 and a lower gas nozzle pipeline 6. Correspondingly, the gas nozzles 4 are arranged in two rows, upper and lower, with the upper row of gas nozzles 4 connected to the upper gas nozzle pipeline 5, and the lower row of gas nozzles 4 connected to the lower gas nozzle pipeline 6. By adopting a layered arrangement design for the gas nozzle pipeline and gas nozzles, with the upper and lower rows of gas nozzles 4 arranged on the annular cross-section of their respective channels, the dispersion and uniformity of conventional gas injected into the combustion chamber 2 are improved, thereby enhancing the mixing efficiency of gas and combustion air.

[0035] As one specific implementation method, such as Figure 1As shown, the combustion air intake assembly includes a combustion air duct 13, a combustion air distribution ring 12, and a combustion air nozzle duct. The combustion air duct 13 is used to connect to an external combustion air source. The end of the combustion air duct 13 is perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1 and fixedly connected to the housing 1. The combustion air distribution ring 12 is arranged around the inside of the housing 1 and is perpendicularly connected to the combustion air duct 13. The combustion air nozzle duct is disposed on the housing 1 and located at the combustion air distribution ring 13. On the side wall of the distribution ring 12 facing away from the combustion air duct 13, and with the combustion air nozzle duct connected to the combustion air distribution ring 12, combustion air is delivered from the combustion air distribution ring 12 to the corresponding combustion air nozzle 9. The upper part of the inner side wall of the housing 1 is also provided with several combustion air nozzles 9 along its circumference, which inject combustion air into the combustion chamber 2 in a swirling manner. The combustion air nozzles 9 are connected to the combustion air nozzle duct; preferably, the combustion air nozzles are located near the gas nozzles or arranged alternately. Combustion air enters the combustion air distribution ring 12 through the combustion air duct 13, and then is injected into the combustion chamber 2 in a swirling manner from the combustion air nozzles 9 via the combustion air nozzle duct. The gas jet and the combustion air jet interact, mix, and begin combustion in the upper part of the combustion chamber 2.

[0036] Furthermore, the combustion air nozzle duct includes an upper combustion air nozzle duct 10 and a lower combustion air nozzle duct 11. Preferably, the upper combustion air nozzle duct 10 is arranged at an angle upward, and the lower combustion air nozzle duct 11 is arranged horizontally. The combustion air nozzles 9 are arranged in two rows, upper and lower, with the upper row of combustion air nozzles 9 connected to the upper combustion air nozzle duct 10 and the lower row of combustion air nozzles 9 connected to the lower combustion air nozzle duct 11. By adopting a layered design for the combustion air nozzle pipe and the combustion air nozzle 9, with the upper and lower rows of combustion air nozzles 9 arranged on the annular cross-section of their respective channels, the dispersion and uniformity of the combustion air injected into the combustion chamber 2 are improved, thereby enhancing its mixing efficiency with the upper conventional gas and the lower high-calorific-value gas. At the same time, the upper combustion air nozzle pipe 10 is designed to be inclined upward, so that the upper row of combustion air nozzles 9 sprays combustion air inclined upward, and the combustion air can mix with the upper gas more quickly, further improving the mixing efficiency of gas and combustion air.

[0037] The optimized design places the swirl direction of the high-calorific-value gas pipeline 14 opposite to the swirling direction of the swirling combustion air ejected from the combustion air nozzle 9. With this design, the high-calorific-value gas is injected into the lower part of the combustion chamber 2 in a specific counter-swirling manner, which can actively and strongly disturb the airflow in the lower part of the combustion chamber, significantly improving the mixing effect of gas (especially high-calorific-value gas) and combustion air in the lower part of the combustion chamber.

[0038] In addition, this embodiment also provides a top-fired hot blast stove, including a furnace top, a furnace body and the above-mentioned top-fired hot blast stove burner, wherein the top-fired hot blast stove burner is installed between the furnace top 3 and the furnace body.

[0039] The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. All designs that are the same as or similar to the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A top-fired hot blast stove burner, characterized in that: The device includes a shell and a combustion chamber located inside the shell. The shell is provided with a gas inlet assembly, a combustion air inlet assembly, and a high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly from top to bottom. The gas outlets of the gas inlet assembly, the combustion air inlet assembly, and the high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly are all connected to the combustion chamber. The high-calorific-value gas inlet assembly includes several high-calorific-value gas pipes. Each high-calorific-value gas pipe is arranged in a spiral-cut shape along the circumference of the combustion chamber and its outlet direction is horizontal or inclined upward.

2. The top-fired hot blast stove burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The shear angle of the high-calorific-value gas pipeline is 15-60°.

3. The top-fired hot blast stove burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the outlet direction of the high-calorific-value gas pipeline is inclined upward, the angle between it and the horizontal plane is 0-45°.

4. The top-fired hot blast stove burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of high-calorific-value gas pipelines is 4-12.

5. The top-fired hot blast stove burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gas inlet assembly includes a main gas pipeline, a gas distribution ring, and a gas nozzle pipeline. The end of the main gas pipeline is perpendicular to the axis of the housing and fixedly connected to the housing. The gas distribution ring is arranged around the inside of the housing and is perpendicularly connected to the main gas pipeline. The gas nozzle pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the housing on the side of the gas distribution ring facing away from the main gas pipeline and is perpendicularly connected to the gas distribution ring. The upper part of the inner side wall of the housing is also provided with a plurality of gas nozzles along its circumference to inject gas into the combustion chamber in a swirling manner. The gas nozzles are connected to the gas nozzle pipeline.

6. The top-fired hot blast stove burner as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The gas nozzle pipeline includes an upper gas nozzle pipeline and a lower gas nozzle pipeline. The gas nozzles are arranged in two rows, with the upper row of gas nozzles connected to the upper gas nozzle pipeline and the lower row of gas nozzles connected to the lower gas nozzle pipeline.

7. The top-fired hot blast stove burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion air intake assembly includes a combustion air duct, a combustion air distribution ring, and a combustion air nozzle duct. The end of the combustion air duct is perpendicular to the axis of the housing and fixedly connected to the housing. The combustion air distribution ring is arranged around the inside of the housing and is perpendicularly connected to the combustion air duct. The combustion air nozzle duct is arranged on the side wall of the housing on the side of the combustion air distribution ring facing away from the combustion air duct, and is connected to the combustion air distribution ring. The upper part of the inner side wall of the housing is also provided with a plurality of combustion air nozzles along its circumference to inject combustion air into the combustion chamber in a swirling manner. The combustion air nozzles are connected to the combustion air nozzle duct.

8. The top-fired hot blast stove burner as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The combustion air nozzle duct includes an upper combustion air nozzle duct and a lower combustion air nozzle duct. The upper combustion air nozzle duct is arranged at an upward angle, and the lower combustion air nozzle duct is arranged horizontally. The combustion air nozzles are arranged in two rows, with the upper row of combustion air nozzles connected to the upper combustion air nozzle duct and the lower row of combustion air nozzles connected to the lower combustion air nozzle duct.

9. The top-fired hot blast stove burner as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The swirl direction of the high-calorific-value gas pipeline is opposite to the swirling direction of the swirling combustion air ejected from the combustion air nozzle.

10. A top-fired hot air furnace, characterized in that: Includes the top-fired hot blast stove burner as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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