A fire-retardant chassis protection structure and an electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bottom disc protection structure and electric automobile that can delay the fire, wherein the bottom disc protection structure is used to set below the bottom disc, including the fire -resistant air bag that adopts the fire -retardant cloth to make, the air inlet of fire -resistant air bag is provided with check valve, and is connected with gas supply device through pipeline, fire -resistant air bag whole is compressed and is set in flat plate state, and can cover the position of battery module below the bottom disc, fire -resistant air bag is in the state of being inflated and is like mattress, and the maximum height is greater than the height of bottom disc. The utility model has the advantages of reasonable structure design, can control the fire spread, is favorable to reducing property loss etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and in particular to a chassis protection structure that can delay the spread of fire and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of new energy vehicles, more and more of them are parked in garages. Existing new energy vehicles are all powered by lithium batteries and generally have both fast and slow charging modes. Fast charging is mainly used for continuous use, while slow charging is typically used for charging during extended periods of parking. In recent years, there have been occasional incidents of new energy vehicles catching fire in garages due to malfunctions. Because the internal structure of lithium batteries is damaged after a fire, they remain in a short-circuit state, making them extremely difficult to extinguish completely. If vehicles parked in adjacent spaces are not moved in time before the fire spreads, it can lead to a chain reaction of fires.

[0003] Currently, to ensure the safety of occupants, new energy vehicles employ more advanced fire-resistant measures between the battery module and the passenger compartment. In the event of a fire, the flames typically spread downwards initially, reaching the gaps between the doors and the body. The high temperatures directly or indirectly ignite the seals between these areas, causing the fire to spread rapidly. Therefore, containing the fire beneath the chassis and preventing it from quickly igniting the seals between the doors and the body is a crucial issue that needs to be addressed to slow the fire's spread and buy more time for the evacuation of people and property. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: how to provide a chassis protection structure and electric vehicle with a reasonable structural design that can prevent the fire from spreading rapidly to the gaps between the car door and the car body, thus delaying the fire and buying more time for the evacuation of people or property.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A chassis protection structure for delaying fire spread, installed under the chassis, is characterized by comprising a fire-resistant airbag made of fireproof cloth. The airbag's inlet is equipped with a one-way valve and connected to a gas supply device via a pipeline. The fire-resistant airbag is compressed in a flat, flat shape and can cover the location of the battery module under the chassis. When inflated, the fire-resistant airbag is mattress-shaped and its maximum height is greater than the height of the chassis.

[0006] In the aforementioned structure, fire-resistant fabric is used to create the fire-retardant airbag, allowing it to withstand high temperatures. In the event of battery thermal failure and subsequent fire, the airbag can be inflated via a gas supply device. Once inflated, the airbag completely fills the space beneath the chassis, containing the fire within the battery compartment and preventing it from rapidly spreading to the chassis edges and igniting at the gaps between the doors and body. This helps slow the spread of the fire and provides more time for occupants and surrounding vehicles to evacuate. Furthermore, because the airbag is filled with gas, it possesses a degree of elasticity, allowing it to better withstand the impact of battery thermal failure.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a support frame for mounting on the chassis. The support frame is rectangular in shape, with the inner frame size matching the size of the battery module and the outer frame size larger than the size of the battery module. A matching cover plate is provided under the support frame. The fire-resistant airbag is compressed and disposed between the support frame and the cover plate. The cover plate has a burstable damping groove line, which is arranged in a ring along the edge of the cover plate.

[0008] In this way, the flame arrestor airbag is enclosed by the support frame and cover plate, which allows for better installation on the chassis. The weakening grooves arranged in a ring along the edge of the cover plate allow the cover plate to burst open when the flame arrestor airbag is inflated, facilitating the smooth opening of the flame arrestor airbag.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple weakening grooves are nested layer by layer on the cover plate from the edge to the center.

[0010] This allows the cover to be opened more reliably.

[0011] Furthermore, the fire-resistant airbag includes a top fireproof cloth, a bottom fireproof cloth, and side fireproof cloths. The thickness of the top fireproof cloth is greater than the thickness of the bottom fireproof cloth and the side fireproof cloths, and its size is greater than the size of the battery module.

[0012] This allows the top surface of the fire-retardant airbag to have better fire-resistant performance. Furthermore, the support frame is recessed in the direction away from the cover plate to form a receiving cavity. When the fire-resistant airbag is compressed, the top fireproof cloth and the bottom fireproof cloth are in close contact with each other, and the side fireproof cloth is folded in a Z-shape and placed in the receiving cavity.

[0013] In this way, the cavity can be used to store the fireproof cloth on the sides that has thickened due to folding, and the Z-shaped folding structure can facilitate the rapid deployment of the fire-resistant airbag.

[0014] Furthermore, the fire-resistant airbag has a vertically penetrating fire-resistant space in the middle, making the fire-resistant airbag annular in shape.

[0015] In this way, once the fire-arresting airbag is fully inflated, it will form a ring-shaped fire-arresting ring along the edge of the battery module, confining the flames of the battery module within the fire-proof space. This allows for the spraying of electrolytes and other substances inside the battery module, while also limiting the spread of the fire, thus buying more time for evacuation.

[0016] Furthermore, the gas supply device is a compressed gas cylinder, which stores compressed carbon dioxide gas.

[0017] Furthermore, the gas supply device is a gas generating unit that generates gas instantly through a chemical reaction or thermal decomposition reaction.

[0018] Furthermore, the gas generating unit includes a gas generator containing a solid reactant, which releases gas when heated by an ignition element.

[0019] An electric vehicle includes a chassis on which a battery module is mounted, characterized in that the chassis is provided with a chassis protection structure as described above, the chassis protection structure covering the area below the battery module.

[0020] In summary, this utility model has the advantages of reasonable structural design, ability to control the spread of fire, and ability to reduce property damage. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of Example 1.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the structure.

[0023] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the flame-retardant airbag in the inflated state in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the cover plate in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of Example 2.

[0026] Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the flame-retardant airbag in the inflated state in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0028] Example 1: As Figures 1-4As shown, a chassis protection structure capable of slowing down fire is installed under the chassis. It includes a fire-resistant airbag 1 made of fireproof cloth and a support frame 3 for mounting on the chassis. The airbag 1 has a one-way valve at its inlet and is connected to a gas supply device via a pipeline. The fire-resistant airbag 1 is compressed in a flat, plate-like shape and can cover the location of the battery module under the chassis. Figure 1 As shown; the fire-resistant airbag 1 includes a top fireproof cloth 11, a bottom fireproof cloth 12, and side fireproof cloths 13. The thickness of the top fireproof cloth 11 is greater than the thickness of the bottom fireproof cloth 12 and the side fireproof cloths 13, and its size is greater than the size of the battery module. When inflated, the fire-resistant airbag 1 is mattress-shaped, and its maximum height is greater than the height of the chassis. Figure 3 As shown.

[0029] In this embodiment, the support frame 3 is generally rectangular, with the inner frame size matching the size of the battery module and the outer frame size larger than the battery module size. A matching cover plate 4 is provided under the support frame 3. The flame-retardant airbag 1 is compressed and disposed between the support frame 3 and the cover plate 4. The cover plate 4 has a burstable damping groove 41, which is arranged in a ring along the edge of the cover plate 4. Figure 4 As shown, multiple weakening grooves are nested layer by layer on the cover plate 4 from the edge to the center. By enclosing the fire-arresting airbag within the support frame and cover plate, it can be better installed on the chassis. The weakening grooves arranged in a ring along the edge of the cover plate allow the cover plate to burst open when the fire-arresting airbag is inflated, facilitating the smooth opening of the fire-arresting airbag.

[0030] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the support frame 3 is recessed in the direction away from the cover plate 4 to form a receiving cavity. When the fire-resistant airbag 1 is compressed, the top fireproof cloth 11 and the bottom fireproof cloth 12 are in close contact with each other, and the side fireproof cloth 13 is folded in a Z-shape and placed in the receiving cavity. In this way, the receiving cavity can be used to store the side fireproof cloth that has thickened due to folding, and the Z-shaped folding structure can facilitate the rapid deployment of the fire-resistant airbag.

[0031] In this embodiment, the gas supply device is a compressed gas cylinder containing compressed carbon dioxide gas. In implementation, the opening of the compressed gas cylinder can be controlled by an electronic control system, which are existing and mature technologies. Alternatively, the inflation method of automotive airbags can be adopted, where the gas supply device is a gas generating unit that instantly generates gas through a chemical reaction or thermal decomposition reaction. The gas generating unit includes a gas generator containing a solid reactant, which releases gas when heated by an ignition element. The ignition element can also be controlled by an electronic control system.

[0032] The chassis protection structure in this embodiment uses fire-resistant fabric to create fire-retardant airbags, allowing them to withstand high temperatures. In the event of battery thermal failure and fire, the airbags can be inflated via a gas supply device. Once inflated, the airbags completely fill the space beneath the chassis, containing the fire within the battery compartment and preventing it from rapidly spreading to the chassis edges and igniting the gaps between the doors and body. This helps slow the spread of the fire and provides more time for occupants and surrounding vehicles to evacuate. Furthermore, because the airbags are filled with gas, they possess a degree of elasticity, allowing them to better withstand the impact of battery thermal failure ejection.

[0033] Example 2: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the flame-arresting airbag 1 has a vertically penetrating fire-resistant space in the middle, making the flame-arresting airbag 1 annular in shape. Thus, once the flame-arresting airbag is fully inflated, it forms a ring-shaped fire-resistant ring along the edge of the battery module, confining the flames within the fire-resistant space. This allows for the spraying of electrolytes and other components inside the battery module while limiting the spread of the fire, buying more time for evacuation.

[0034] In engineering practice, when using Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of this application, the support frame 3, the compressed fire-resistant airbag 1, and the cover plate 4 can be pre-assembled into an integrated assembly, and then installed onto the chassis by bolting or welding. The specific connection method can be selected based on the chassis material and process conditions, using conventional mechanical fixing methods such as welding, bolting, or riveting. All of the above installation methods are well-known and mature technologies in the field. The weakening groove 41 on the cover plate can be verified for structural strength through finite element simulation analysis to ensure reliable bursting when the fire-resistant airbag inflation pressure reaches the set value, thereby ensuring the smooth deployment of the fire-resistant airbag.

[0035] In practical use, the inflation of the fire-arresting airbag 1 can be monitored and triggered by the Battery Management System (BMS) or the vehicle control system. Temperature sensors, smoke sensors, or other thermal failure detection modules monitor the battery compartment temperature and gas concentration in real time. When the battery compartment temperature exceeds a set threshold, or a fire signal is detected, the vehicle control system automatically sends a start signal to the gas supply device. The gas supply device releases gas, which is then injected into the fire-arresting airbag through a one-way valve, causing it to rapidly deploy and cover the space beneath the chassis. The inflated fire-arresting airbag effectively blocks the path of fire spread between the door / body gaps and the chassis, preventing high temperatures and flames from spreading upwards.

[0036] Preferably, the fire-resistant airbag is made of fireproof cloth material with a temperature resistance of over 1000℃, so that it can maintain its structural strength and fire-resistant performance in high-temperature environments, thereby significantly delaying the spread of fire to the outside of the chassis and the upper part of the vehicle body, and buying critical time for the evacuation of the occupants and the relocation of adjacent vehicles.

[0037] In this embodiment, the gas supply device can be in the form of a compressed gas cylinder or a chemical gas generator. The compressed gas cylinder type gas supply device can directly draw upon mature solutions from automotive airbag systems, as its electronically controlled valves and activation logic are existing mature technologies. The chemical gas generating unit can also utilize commonly used solutions such as existing solid reactant gas generators (e.g., sodium azide thermal decomposition releasing nitrogen). The structure and implementation of the above-mentioned gas supply and control system are all well-known technologies in the art, and this application has not improved upon them; therefore, they will not be described in detail here.

[0038] In summary, this embodiment fully integrates existing mature technologies with optimized structural design, demonstrating clear feasibility and engineering rationality. This structure effectively achieves the technical objective of delaying the spread of fire and significantly improves the safety of electric vehicles in battery thermal failure scenarios.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fire-retardant underfloor protection structure for installation under a floor, characterized by, The fire-resistant airbag (1) is made of fireproof cloth. The air inlet of the fire-resistant airbag (1) is equipped with a one-way valve and is connected to a gas supply device through a pipeline. The fire-resistant airbag (1) is compressed in a flat shape and can cover the location of the battery module under the chassis. The fire-resistant airbag (1) is mattress-shaped when inflated and its maximum height is greater than the height of the chassis.

2. The chassis protection structure for delaying fire spread as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support frame (3) for mounting on the chassis. The support frame (3) is rectangular in shape, with the inner frame size matching the size of the battery module and the outer frame size larger than the size of the battery module. A matching cover plate (4) is provided under the support frame (3). The fire-resistant airbag (1) is compressed between the support frame (3) and the cover plate (4). The cover plate (4) has a burstable damping groove line, which is arranged in a ring along the edge of the cover plate (4).

3. The fire-retarded tray protection structure according to claim 2, wherein Multiple weakening grooves are nested from the edge to the center on the cover plate (4).

4. The fire-retardant tray protection structure of claim 2, wherein The fire-resistant airbag (1) includes a top fireproof cloth (11), a bottom fireproof cloth (12), and a side fireproof cloth (13). The thickness of the top fireproof cloth (11) is greater than the thickness of the bottom fireproof cloth (12) and the side fireproof cloth (13), and its size is greater than the size of the battery module.

5. The chassis protection structure for delaying fire spread as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The support frame (3) is recessed in the direction away from the cover plate (4) to form a receiving cavity. When the fire-resistant airbag (1) is compressed, the top fireproof cloth (11) and the bottom fireproof cloth (12) are attached to each other, and the side fireproof cloth (13) is folded in a Z-shape and placed in the receiving cavity.

6. The chassis protection structure for delaying fire spread as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fire-resistant airbag (1) has a fire-resistant space that runs vertically through the middle, making the fire-resistant airbag (1) as a whole ring.

7. The fire-retardant tray protection structure of claim 1, wherein The gas supply device is a compressed gas cylinder, which stores compressed carbon dioxide gas.

8. The fire-retardant tray protection structure of claim 1, wherein The gas supply device is a gas generating unit that generates gas instantly through chemical or thermal decomposition reactions.

9. The chassis protection structure for delaying fire spread as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The gas generating unit includes a gas generator containing a solid reactant, which releases gas when heated by an ignition element.

10. An electric vehicle comprising a chassis to which a battery module is mounted, characterized in that, The chassis is provided with a chassis protection structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the chassis protection structure covers the area below the battery module.

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