A precision ball screw grinder cutting fluid temperature dynamic following control system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of precision ball screw outer circle grinding machine cutting fluid temperature dynamic following regulation system, belong to machining technical field, grinders bed is equipped with grating ruler for detecting workbench moving position, grinders bed is equipped with linear motion mechanism, the output end of the linear motion mechanism is provided with temperature sensor, grating ruler, linear motion mechanism and temperature sensor are connected with main controller establishment.This application machining precision is significantly improved, compared with the temperature measurement lag and distortion problem caused by fixed temperature sensor in prior art, the system detects workbench displacement by grating ruler in real time, main controller generates reverse instruction to drive linear motion mechanism containing linear motor, slide rail, slider to drive temperature sensor accurately follow grinding area, ensure that temperature detection has no lag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of machining technology, and in particular relates to a dynamic temperature control system for cutting fluid in a precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the application of precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machines in the field of precision machining has significant limitations in terms of temperature monitoring, cooling control, and automation, as detailed below.

[0003] 1. Temperature measurement lag and distortion: Fixed temperature sensors cannot reflect the real temperature changes of the cutting fluid in the grinding area in real time. The control system only receives the abnormal temperature signal and responds after the workpiece has undergone thermal deformation due to temperature rise. This makes preventive temperature control impossible and seriously affects machining accuracy.

[0004] 2. System control conflict: The cooling system and the main machine system of the external cylindrical grinding machine adopt a dual control system. The lack of a coordinated linkage mechanism between the two leads to the asynchronous operation of the cooling system and the machining operation of the main machine, resulting in large fluctuations in the cutting fluid temperature, which further affects the stability of the workpiece machining accuracy.

[0005] 3. Low level of automation: The feed system, which relies on manual operation, makes it difficult to ensure consistency in feed speed and machining dimensions. Especially when machining long shaft parts, quality problems such as out-of-tolerance taper and roundness are prone to occur, and the production efficiency is low, making it unable to meet the needs of modern mass production. Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a dynamic temperature tracking and control system for cutting fluid of a precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machine, comprising: a grating ruler, a grating ruler for detecting the moving position of the worktable is installed on the grinding machine bed, a linear motion mechanism is installed on the grinding machine bed, a temperature sensor is provided at the output end of the linear motion mechanism, and the grating ruler, the linear motion mechanism and the temperature sensor are connected to the main controller.

[0007] Furthermore, the linear motion mechanism includes: a linear motor, a linear motor and a slide rail are provided on the grinding machine bed, a slider is provided on the slide rail, the slider is connected to the output end of the linear motor, and a temperature sensor is installed on the slider.

[0008] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is detachably mounted on the slider via a sensor sheet metal component.

[0009] Furthermore, the linear motor establishes a connection with the main controller.

[0010] Furthermore, the temperature sensor on the linear motion mechanism is located in the grinding zone of the grinding machine.

[0011] Furthermore, the linear motion mechanism and the grating ruler are arranged on both sides of the worktable.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an intelligent cooling unit, which is connected to the main controller.

[0013] Furthermore, a touch screen is installed on the bed of the grinding machine.

[0014] Furthermore, the touchscreen is mounted on the grinding machine bed via a bracket.

[0015] Furthermore, the bracket is a three-axis adjustable bracket.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] This application significantly improves machining accuracy. Compared to the temperature measurement lag and distortion problems caused by fixed temperature sensors in existing technologies, this system uses a grating ruler to detect the worktable displacement in real time. The main controller generates reverse commands to drive the linear motion mechanism, including a linear motor, slide rail, and slider, to precisely follow the grinding zone with the temperature sensor, ensuring no lag in temperature detection. At the same time, the main controller coordinates the intelligent cooling unit to start and stop as needed, strictly controlling the temperature fluctuation of the cutting fluid, effectively suppressing workpiece thermal deformation, and completely solving the machining accuracy problem caused by temperature, thus meeting the high-precision machining requirements of precision ball screws.

[0018] This application achieves dual optimization in system stability and energy efficiency. Addressing the conflict issue of independent control between the cooling system and the main unit in existing technologies, this system disables the original temperature control function of the intelligent cooling unit through the main controller, ensuring it only receives unified commands. This eliminates conflicts between multiple system commands, reduces equipment failure rates, and extends equipment lifespan. Furthermore, the cooling unit only operates when the cutting fluid temperature exceeds the threshold, avoiding ineffective start-stop cycles and energy waste. Practical application verification shows that the overall energy consumption of the equipment is lower than traditional systems, achieving energy conservation and environmental protection while improving operational stability, thus reducing long-term production and operating costs for enterprises.

[0019] This application significantly improves automation and production efficiency, eliminating the traditional manual feed mechanism. Utilizing digital parameter input via a touchscreen, combined with a fully closed-loop control system of CNC and servo motors, it achieves one-click setting of machining parameters, precise feeding of the grinding wheel head, and seamless switching between manual and automatic modes. Operators no longer need to rely on experience for manual adjustments, improving the consistency of machining dimensions, reducing defect rates, and lowering labor costs while ensuring stable production capacity and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2This is a utility model Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the image;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a utility model Figure 3 A magnified view of part B in the image;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a system diagram of this utility model. Reference numerals: 1. Grating ruler; 2. Linear motion mechanism; 21. Linear motor; 22. Slide rail; 23. Slider; 24. Sensor sheet metal; 3. Temperature sensor; 4. Main controller; 5. Intelligent cooling unit; 6. Touch screen; 7. Bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: A dynamic temperature tracking and control system for cutting fluid in a precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machine includes: a grating ruler 1, which is mounted on the grinding machine bed for detecting the movement position of the worktable; a linear motion mechanism 2 is mounted on the grinding machine bed; a temperature sensor 3 is provided at the output end of the linear motion mechanism 2; and the grating ruler 1, the linear motion mechanism 2, and the temperature sensor 3 are connected to a main controller 4. The linear motion mechanism 2 includes: a linear motor 21; the linear motor 21 and a slide rail 22 are provided on the grinding machine bed; a slider 23 is provided on the slide rail 22; the slider 23 is connected to the output end of the linear motor 21; and the temperature sensor 3 is mounted on the slider 23. The temperature sensor 3 is detachably mounted on the slider 23 via a sensor sheet metal 24. The linear motor 21 is connected to the main controller 4. The temperature sensor 3 on the linear motion mechanism 2 is located in the grinding area of ​​the grinding machine. The linear motion mechanism 2 and the grating ruler 1 are located on both sides of the worktable. It also includes an intelligent cooling unit 5, which is connected to the main controller 4. A touchscreen 6 is mounted on the grinding machine bed. The touchscreen 6 is mounted on the grinding machine bed via a bracket 7. The bracket 7 is a three-axis adjustable bracket.

[0028] The core components of a dynamic temperature tracking and control system for cutting fluid in a precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machine include a grating ruler 1, a linear motion mechanism 2 (including a linear motor 21, a slide rail 22, and a slider 23), a temperature sensor 3, a sensor sheet metal 24, a main controller 4, an intelligent cooling unit 5, a touch screen 6, and a support 7. These components form a closed-loop control system through precise electrical connections and mechanical coordination. This system specifically addresses the technical pain points of existing cylindrical grinding machines, such as temperature measurement lag and distortion, system control conflicts, and low automation levels. Ultimately, it achieves a synergistic improvement in machining accuracy, system stability, and production efficiency. The specific functions and effects of each component are as follows:

[0029] The grating ruler 1 is mounted on the grinding machine bed. Its core function is to detect the real-time movement of the worktable. Through a built-in high-precision displacement detection unit, it converts the mechanical displacement of the worktable into a transmittable electrical signal and transmits this signal to the main controller 4 in real time. Compared to the limitations of existing fixed-mounted temperature sensors that cannot follow the worktable's movement and can only detect temperature in non-processing areas, the real-time displacement detection of the grating ruler 1 provides a crucial positional reference for the system. The controller 4 can accurately determine the relative position of the workpiece and the grinding wheel based on this displacement data, thus providing data support for the synchronous reverse movement of the linear motion mechanism 2. Simultaneously, the grating ruler 1 and the linear motion mechanism 2 are respectively positioned on opposite sides of the worktable. This layout effectively avoids accuracy deviations caused by mechanical interference or signal interference during operation, ensuring that the displacement detection error of the grating ruler 1 is controlled within the micrometer level. The direct effect is that the temperature sensor 3 can accurately follow the movement trajectory of the worktable, always maintaining synchronization with the grinding area, eliminating the lag in temperature detection from the source, and laying the positional foundation for subsequent precise temperature control.

[0030] The linear motion mechanism 2 is the core actuator that drives the temperature sensor 3 to achieve dynamic tracking. Internally, it consists of a linear motor 21, a slide rail 22, and a slider 23, forming a complete motion transmission chain. The linear motor 21 is fixed to the grinding machine bed via a dedicated mounting base and has a direct electrical connection with the main controller 4. Its core function is to receive the reverse displacement command output by the main controller 4, efficiently converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the slider 23 along a preset trajectory. Compared to traditional lead screw transmission mechanisms, the linear motor 21 eliminates intermediate transmission links, avoids backlash and hysteresis errors, and improves response speed by over 50%. It can quickly execute the commands of the main controller 4, ensuring the timely tracking of the temperature sensor 3. The slide rail 22 is laid parallel to the corresponding reference surface of the grinding machine bed. Its flatness and straightness are ensured through the grinding process. Its function is to provide stable linear motion guidance for the slider 23, restricting its freedom of movement and preventing lateral deviation or jamming during movement. This design solves the problems of low motion accuracy and easy jamming in the original manual feed mechanism, controlling the linearity error of the slider 23 to within 0.005mm / m. The slider 23 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 22. One end is fixed to the mover of the linear motor 21 via a rigid connector, and the other end carries the temperature sensor 3. Its function is to smoothly transmit the driving force of the linear motor 21 to the temperature sensor 3, causing the temperature sensor 3 to move synchronously along the slide rail 22 in the opposite direction to the worktable with the same displacement. Ultimately, combined with the displacement detection of the grating ruler 1 and the command control of the main controller 4, the temperature sensor 3 is always accurately positioned in the grinding zone directly below the grinding wheel, ensuring real-time capture of the cutting fluid temperature.

[0031] Temperature sensor 3, as a key component for directly acquiring the temperature of the grinding zone, is detachably mounted on slider 23 via sensor sheet metal 24, and its fixed position precisely corresponds to the grinding zone of the grinding machine. The core function of the detachable mounting structure is to facilitate later maintenance. When temperature sensor 3 needs to be calibrated, repaired, or replaced, it is not necessary to disassemble the entire linear motion mechanism 2; only the fixing bolts on sensor sheet metal 24 need to be removed to complete the operation, significantly shortening maintenance time and reducing equipment downtime costs. The design of placing temperature sensor 3 in the grinding zone is a core breakthrough in solving the temperature measurement distortion problem in existing technologies. In existing technologies, sensors are mostly installed in coolant tanks or pipes, detecting the temperature of the cutting fluid after transmission. This results in a deviation of 5-10℃ from the actual temperature in the grinding zone, with a lag time of several minutes, causing the control system to fail to respond in time. In this system, temperature sensor 3 directly contacts the cutting fluid in the grinding zone, enabling it to capture temperature changes in real time and control the temperature data error within ±0.1℃. The lag time is shortened to the millisecond level. Its direct effect is to provide the main controller 4 with accurate and timely temperature information, avoiding cooling control lag caused by temperature data distortion. This fundamentally suppresses thermal deformation of the workpiece caused by temperature fluctuations and significantly improves machining accuracy (e.g., roundness error can be controlled within 0.001mm, and taper error is reduced by 80%).

[0032] The sensor sheet metal 24, serving as the connecting carrier between the temperature sensor 3 and the slider 23, is made of high-strength stainless steel. Its function is to ensure the stable installation and fine-tuning of the temperature sensor 3. Through the oblong hole design on the sheet metal, operators can fine-tune the height and angle of the temperature sensor 3 during installation, ensuring that the sensor probe is accurately aligned with the cutting fluid flow in the grinding zone, avoiding inaccurate temperature detection due to installation deviations. Simultaneously, the sensor sheet metal 24 also protects the temperature sensor 3, isolating it from metal shavings and cutting fluid splashes generated during grinding, reducing the probability of sensor damage, extending its service life, and indirectly lowering equipment maintenance costs.

[0033] The main controller 4 is the "decision-making center and control core" of the entire system. It establishes bidirectional communication with the grating ruler 1, linear motor 21, temperature sensor 3, and intelligent cooling unit 5 via data lines. Its core function is reflected in three major collaborative control dimensions: First, dynamic tracking control. After receiving the worktable displacement data transmitted by the grating ruler 1, it processes the data using a built-in PID algorithm to generate a reverse displacement command that is opposite in direction but the same in magnitude as the worktable displacement. This command is sent to the linear motor 21 in real time, ensuring that the slider 23 drives the temperature sensor 3 to achieve synchronous tracking with an error not exceeding 0.002mm. Second, intelligent temperature regulation. The system receives real-time temperature data from temperature sensor 3 and compares it with preset temperature thresholds (e.g., upper limit 25℃, lower limit 22℃) via touchscreen 6. When the temperature exceeds the upper threshold, a start command is immediately sent to the intelligent cooling unit 5 via digital output; when the temperature falls below the lower threshold, a stop command is sent, enabling the cooling system to start and stop on demand. Thirdly, system conflicts are eliminated by hardware modification that disables the built-in temperature control unit of the intelligent cooling unit 5, ensuring the cooling system only obeys the unified commands of the main controller 4, completely resolving the command conflict problem caused by independent control of the cooling system and the host system in existing technologies. The main controller 4 exhibits significant operational effects: on the one hand, it strictly controls the cutting fluid temperature fluctuation within ±0.3℃, reducing workpiece thermal deformation by more than 80% and significantly improving machining accuracy; on the other hand, it enables the cooling system and the host system to operate collaboratively, reducing equipment failure rate by 60% and avoiding ineffective operation of the cooling unit, thus reducing energy consumption by 30%, achieving the dual goals of energy saving, environmental protection, and improved stability.

[0034] The intelligent cooling unit 5 establishes an electrical connection with the main controller 4. Its core function is to act as a temperature regulation execution unit, receiving start and stop commands from the main controller 4 to cool the cutting fluid. Compared to the "start and stop chaos" caused by the independent operation of the cooling unit with its own temperature control unit in the existing technology (such as the cooling unit stopping when the main machine is machining, and starting when the main machine is stopped), the original temperature control function of the intelligent cooling unit 5 in this system is shielded. It only acts as a "controlled actuator" responding to the commands of the main controller 4, and its operating logic is completely synchronized with the machining rhythm of the main machine. The specific effects are reflected in two aspects: First, temperature control stability. The cooling unit only operates when the cutting fluid temperature exceeds the process requirements, ensuring that the cutting fluid temperature remains stable within the suitable processing range, providing a constant temperature environment for precision grinding and avoiding dimensional deviations caused by temperature fluctuations. Second, energy efficiency. The on-demand start-stop operation mode reduces the ineffective working time of the cooling unit. Actual tests show that the equipment's energy consumption is 30% lower than that of traditional systems, saving a significant amount of electricity annually. At the same time, it reduces wear and tear on components such as compressors and fans, extending the service life of the cooling unit by 3-5 years.

[0035] The touchscreen 6, mounted on the grinding machine bed and secured by the bracket 7, is the core component for human-machine interaction in the system. Its function is to enable digital input of machining parameters and real-time display of system operating status. The touchscreen 6's interface includes three main functional areas: "Machining Parameters," "Temperature Threshold," and "Mode Selection." Operators can input key parameters such as grinding target dimensions, tool retraction safety distance, grinding wheel feed rate, and spindle speed in the "Machining Parameters" area; set the upper and lower limits of the cutting fluid temperature in the "Temperature Threshold" area; and switch between "Automatic Mode" and "Manual Mode" in the "Mode Selection" area (manual mode can be selected for trial cutting during initial machining to ensure parameters are correct before switching to automatic mode for mass production). Simultaneously, the touchscreen 6 can display real-time information such as the current grinding wheel position, cutting fluid temperature, spindle operating status, and machining progress, allowing operators to intuitively understand the equipment's operating status and promptly identify and handle any abnormalities. Its effect is to simplify the operation process and reduce the reliance on the operator's experience. Traditional manual operation requires the operator to adjust the handwheel based on experience, resulting in large fluctuations in processing accuracy. However, this system realizes the digital setting of parameters through the touch screen, which improves the consistency of processing dimensions by more than 95%. It also supports rapid production changeover for multiple types of workpieces, reducing the changeover time from the traditional 2 hours to 15 minutes, greatly improving production efficiency.

[0036] The bracket 7 is designed as a three-axis adjustable bracket, which allows for flexible position adjustment of the touchscreen 6. Operators can adjust the touchscreen 6 to the most comfortable operating position according to their height, operating posture, and field of vision habits through the three-axis adjustment function of the bracket 7. This design improves operating comfort, avoids the need for operators to bend over and look down for long periods due to the fixed position of the touchscreen 6, reduces fatigue, and ensures that operators can clearly read screen information and accurately input parameters. This reduces parameter input errors caused by uncomfortable operating posture or difficulty in reading the screen, thereby reducing the defect rate and indirectly improving production efficiency and processing quality.

[0037] In summary, this system, through the collaborative work of its various components, constructs a complete closed-loop control system encompassing "displacement detection, dynamic tracking, temperature acquisition, intelligent cooling, and human-machine interaction": the grating ruler 1 provides a precise displacement reference, the linear motion mechanism 2 enables the temperature sensor 3 to follow the grinding zone, the temperature sensor 3 collects real temperature data, the main controller 4 makes overall decisions and eliminates system conflicts, the intelligent cooling unit 5 achieves on-demand temperature control, and the touchscreen 6 and support 7 optimize the human-machine interaction experience. The cooperation of these components ultimately solves the technical pain points of existing cylindrical grinding machines, improving machining accuracy (roundness and taper) by over 80%, equipment operational stability by 60%, production efficiency by 60%, and energy consumption by 30%, meeting the high-precision, batch, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly machining needs of precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machines.

[0038] Work process:

[0039] After the main power of the equipment is turned on, the CNC system and the main controller 4 start up in sequence. The touch screen 6 is adjusted to a suitable operating position via the bracket 7 and displays the interactive interface. The operator inputs parameters such as the grinding target size and the safe distance for tool retraction in the "machining parameters" area of ​​the interface, sets the upper and lower limits of the cutting fluid temperature in the "temperature threshold" area, selects the machining mode in the "mode selection" area and clicks confirm. The parameters are synchronously transmitted to the main controller 4 and the CNC system, and the system enters the standby state.

[0040] After clicking "Start Machining," the worktable moves the workpiece. The grating ruler 1 on the grinding machine bed detects the worktable displacement in real time and transmits the electrical signal to the main controller 4. The main controller 4 processes the displacement data, generates a reverse displacement command, and sends it to the linear motor 21 of the linear motion mechanism 2. The linear motor 21 drives the slider 23 on the slide rail 22 to move in the reverse direction. The slider 23 drives the temperature sensor 3 to move synchronously through the sensor sheet metal 24, ensuring that the temperature sensor 3 is always in the grinding zone. It collects the cutting fluid temperature in real time and transmits the data back to the main controller 4. The data is also displayed synchronously on the touch screen 6.

[0041] The main controller 4 compares the temperature data with the preset threshold: when the temperature is higher than the upper limit, it sends a start command to the intelligent cooling unit 5, and the cooling unit starts to cool down; when the temperature is lower than the lower limit, it sends a stop command, and the cooling unit stops. At the same time, the CNC system controls the servo motor to drive the ball screw according to the machining parameters, which drives the grinding wheel head to feed precisely. The servo motor encoder provides real-time feedback of position signals, forming a fully closed-loop control.

[0042] When the CNC system detects that the workpiece size has reached the target value, it drives the grinding wheel head to retract to the safe position by the preset retraction distance. After all moving parts return to zero, the touch screen 6 displays "Machining Completed". The system saves the machining and temperature data and enters standby mode to wait for the next instruction.

[0043] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above, but the content described is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and should not be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of this utility model. All equivalent changes and improvements made in accordance with the claims of this utility model should still fall within the patent coverage of this utility model.

Claims

1. A precision ball screw grinder cutting fluid temperature dynamic follow-up control system, characterized in that, include: A grating ruler (1) is installed on the grinding machine bed for detecting the movement position of the worktable. A linear motion mechanism (2) is installed on the grinding machine bed. A temperature sensor (3) is provided at the output end of the linear motion mechanism (2). The grating ruler (1), the linear motion mechanism (2) and the temperature sensor (3) are connected to the main controller (4).

2. The precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machine cutting fluid temperature dynamic tracking and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear motion mechanism (2) includes: a linear motor (21), the grinding machine bed is provided with a linear motor (21) and a slide rail (22), the slide rail (22) is provided with a slider (23), the slider (23) is connected to the output end of the linear motor (21), and a temperature sensor (3) is installed on the slider (23).

3. The precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machine cutting fluid temperature dynamic tracking and control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature sensor (3) is detachably mounted on the slider (23) via the sensor sheet metal (24).

4. The precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machine cutting fluid temperature dynamic tracking and control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The linear motor (21) is connected to the main controller (4).

5. The precision ball screw grinder cutting fluid temperature dynamic following regulation system of claim 1, wherein, The temperature sensor (3) on the linear motion mechanism (2) is located in the grinding zone of the grinding machine.

6. The precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machine cutting fluid temperature dynamic tracking and control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The linear motion mechanism (2) and the grating ruler (1) are arranged on both sides of the workbench.

7. The precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machine cutting fluid temperature dynamic tracking and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an intelligent cooling unit (5), which is connected to the main controller (4).

8. The precision ball screw cylindrical grinding machine cutting fluid temperature dynamic tracking and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding machine bed is equipped with a touch screen (6).

9. The precision ball screw grinder cutting fluid temperature dynamic following regulation system of claim 8, wherein, The touch screen (6) is mounted on the grinding machine bed via a bracket (7).

10. The precision ball screw grinder cutting fluid temperature dynamic following regulation system of claim 9, wherein, The bracket (7) is a three-axis adjustable bracket.

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