Waterproof structure of air compressor turbine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to fuel cell air compressor technical field, specifically disclose a waterproof construction of air compressor turbine, including volute, be equipped with variable cross section nozzle blade and turbine blade in the volute, be equipped with filter equipment between variable cross section nozzle blade and turbine blade, evenly be equipped with several air -permeable hole of turbine blade air supply on the filter equipment. Gas passes through volute flow channel, after flowing through variable cross section blade, enter to filter equipment, the air -permeable hole of filter equipment can pass through air, and water vapour can be effectively intercepted simultaneously, so that dry gas passes in turbine blade and carries out energy conversion. In this way, the water vapour content in turbine blade interior reduces greatly, avoided the damage that water vapour caused to turbine blade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fuel cell air compressor technology, and specifically relates to a waterproof structure for an air compressor turbine. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicles, hydrogen fuel cells convert hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction, with water as the only byproduct. This technology is considered an important direction for future sustainable energy development. The air compressor in the oxygen supply system is one of the core components, playing the following crucial roles: 1. Provide oxygen for the reaction: Compress outside air and send it into the fuel cell stack to ensure a sufficient oxygen supply, increase the partial pressure of oxygen, and improve the power density and overall efficiency of the fuel cell; 2. Maintain system dynamic response: Adjust airflow and pressure to match load changes under different vehicle operating conditions to ensure the stability of fuel cell output power; 3. Optimize system energy management: After the air compressor and expander are integrated, exhaust energy is recovered, reducing compressor energy consumption and improving system energy utilization.

[0003] To enhance product competitiveness and improve energy efficiency, centrifugal air compressors incorporate energy-recovering turbine expanders. As a highly efficient and energy-saving device, this technology meets customers' needs for reduced operating costs. However, the presence of moisture on the expander side can severely impact the normal operation of the air compressor system, primarily affecting the turbine, leading to reduced efficiency and damage. Therefore, effectively preventing moisture from entering the turbine has become a critical issue for air compressors with expanders.

[0004] Most existing waterproofing solutions target the internal structure of the motor. For example, toothed seals are located at the rear end of the turbine, leaving the turbine itself unprotected. Moisture entering the volute casing directly impacts the turbine blades, causing damage, especially at the root, and affecting the overall lifespan of the air compressor. Some waterproofing solutions are implemented inside the volute casing, increasing manufacturing complexity and cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] Purpose of the utility model: In order to overcome the above deficiencies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a waterproof structure for an air compressor turbine to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] Technical solution: In order to achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a waterproof structure for an air compressor turbine, including a volute, wherein a variable cross-section nozzle blade and a turbine blade are provided in the volute, and a filter device is provided between the variable cross-section nozzle blade and the turbine blade. The filter device is evenly provided with several air vents for supplying air to the turbine blades.

[0007] As the gas flows through the volute channel and then past the variable cross-section blades, it enters the filter. The filter's vents allow air to pass through while effectively blocking water vapor, ensuring the dry gas is converted into energy before entering the turbine blades. This significantly reduces the water vapor content inside the turbine blades, preventing damage caused by water vapor.

[0008] Furthermore, the filter device has an annular plate structure, and the air vents are located on the circumferential surface of the filter device.

[0009] Furthermore, the pore diameter of the vent is 2-4 mm, the pore spacing between the vents is 2.9-5 mm, and the opening rate is 40%-60%. A filter device with a pore diameter of 2-4 mm can directly intercept most liquid water vapor particles, allowing only dry air to pass through, thus reducing the amount of water vapor entering the turbine blades from the source.

[0010] Furthermore, the volute is provided with an annular cavity for mounting turbine blades, and the filter device is attached to the inner surface of the annular cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the annular cavity is provided with at least one set of positioning pins, through which the filter device is positioned in the axial and circumferential directions.

[0012] Furthermore, the filter device is fixedly pressed against the inner side of the annular cavity by a fixing clamp. The fixing clamp has an "L" shaped cross-section. One side of the fixing clamp is fixed to the back plate of the volute, and the other side is attached to and pressed against the filter device. In this way, the fixing clamp presses the filter device tightly against the inner wall of the annular cavity, preventing the filter device from falling off during use and also providing the advantage of convenient replacement.

[0013] Furthermore, the filter device is welded to the inside of the annular cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the filter device is a double-layer or multi-layer annular plate structure, with the air vents evenly distributed on the circumference of each annular plate, and the diameter of the air vents on each annular plate decreasing from the outer layer to the inner layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer side of the filter device is provided with a hydrophobic coating. When water vapor particles come into contact with the surface of the filter device, they will form spherical water droplets due to surface tension, which cannot penetrate through the mesh and will eventually drip off the surface of the filter device under the action of gravity or airflow.

[0016] Furthermore, the volute is equipped with a drain valve. This drain valve allows condensed water inside the volute to be discharged.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: This utility model discloses a waterproof structure for an air compressor turbine, employing a filter structure to effectively prevent water vapor from entering the turbine blades. Gas flows through the volute channel, passes through the variable cross-section blades, and enters the filter device. The filter device's vents allow air to pass through while effectively intercepting water vapor, ensuring the dry gas enters the turbine blades for energy conversion. The water vapor content inside the turbine blades is significantly reduced, preventing damage caused by water vapor. It features a simple structure, convenient installation and disassembly of the filter device, high water vapor filtration efficiency, reduced equipment maintenance costs, and low operating and construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a waterproof structure for an air compressor turbine according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the filtration device described in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filtration device described in this utility model.

[0019] In the picture: 1-Volume and back plate, 11-Annular cavity, 12-Positioning pin, 13-Fixing clamp, 14-Drain valve; 2-Variable cross-section nozzle blades; 3- Turbine blades; 4-Filter device, 41-Ventilation hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0021] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 3 This utility model discloses a waterproof structure for an air compressor turbine, including a volute 1, wherein a variable cross-section nozzle blade 2 and a turbine blade 3 are provided in the volute 1, and a filter device 4 is provided between the variable cross-section nozzle blade 2 and the turbine blade 3. The filter device 4 is evenly provided with a plurality of air vents 41 for supplying air to the turbine blades 3.

[0022] In this embodiment, when gas flows through the flow channel of the volute 1, passes through the variable cross-section nozzle blades 2, and enters the filter device 4, the gas flow channel of the volute 1 causes the humid airflow to impact the filter device 4 at an inclined angle. When the airflow impacts the filter device 4, water vapor particles, due to their greater inertia, are thrown towards the surface of the filter device 4 and intercepted, effectively blocking the water vapor particles. This allows the dry gas to enter the turbine blades 3 for energy conversion. In this way, the water vapor content inside the turbine blades 3 is significantly reduced, avoiding damage to the turbine blades 3 caused by water vapor.

[0023] Specifically, the filter device 4 has an annular plate structure, and the air vents 41 are located on the circumferential surface of the filter device 4.

[0024] Specifically, the diameter of the vent holes 41 is 2-4 mm, the spacing between the vent holes 41 is 2.9-5 mm, and the opening ratio is 40%-60%. The diameter, spacing, and opening ratio of the vent holes 41 can be adjusted according to the flow rate required by the expander.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the volute 1 has an annular cavity 11 for mounting turbine blades 3, and the filter device 4 is attached to the inner side of the annular cavity 11.

[0026] At least one set of positioning pins 12 are provided on the annular cavity 11, and the filter device 4 is positioned in the axial and circumferential directions by passing through the positioning pins 12.

[0027] The filter device 4 is fixedly pressed against the inner side of the annular cavity 11 by a fixing clamp 13. The fixing clamp 13 has an "L" shaped cross section. One side of the fixing clamp 13 is fixed to the back plate of the volute 1, and the other side is attached to and pressed against the filter device 4.

[0028] In this embodiment, the filter device 4 is mounted on the volute 1 via the positioning pin 12 and the fixing clamp 13. When the filter device 4 needs to be replaced, it can be easily removed by simply disassembling the fixing clamp 13, making installation and disassembly extremely convenient.

[0029] In another embodiment, the filter device 4 is welded to the inside of the annular cavity 11.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the filter device 4 is a double-layer or multi-layer annular plate structure, with the air vents 41 evenly distributed on the circumference of each annular plate, and the diameter of the air vents 41 on each annular plate decreasing from the outer layer to the inner layer.

[0031] In this embodiment, the filter device 4 uses a multi-layer composite filter and air vents with a specific pore size to improve the interception efficiency of water vapor particles of different sizes while ensuring the air intake.

[0032] The filter device 4 has a hydrophobic coating on its outer side. The volute 1 is equipped with a drain valve 14. The intercepted tiny water vapor particles will be adsorbed and condensed on the surface of the filter device 4, gradually forming larger water droplets. Due to gravity, the condensed water droplets will flow downwards along the surface of the filter device 4 or the pre-set flow guide structure of the equipment, and finally be discharged through the drain port, avoiding entering the core area where the turbine blades 3 are located.

[0033] It should be noted that the filter device 4 in this utility model is not limited to a plate structure, but can also be other mesh filter structures, which can be used between the volute 1 and the turbine blade 3 or between the variable cross section blade 2 and the turbine blade 3.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A water-proof structure of an air compressor turbine, characterized by: Includes a volute (1), in which a variable cross-section nozzle blade (2) and a turbine blade (3) are provided, and a filter device (4) is provided between the variable cross-section nozzle blade (2) and the turbine blade (3); The filter device (4) is uniformly provided with several air vents (41) for supplying air to the turbine blades (3).

2. The waterproof structure of an air compressor turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter device (4) has an annular plate structure, and the air vents (41) are located on the circumferential surface of the filter device (4).

3. The waterproof structure of an air compressor turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the vent (41) is 2~4mm, the spacing between the vents (41) is 2.9~5mm, and the opening rate is 40%~60%.

4. The waterproof structure of an air compressor turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volute (1) has an annular cavity (11) for mounting turbine blades (3), and the filter device (4) is attached to the inner side of the annular cavity (11).

5. The water-proof structure of claim 4, wherein: At least one set of positioning pins (12) are provided on the annular cavity (11), and the filter device (4) passes through the positioning pins (12) to achieve axial and circumferential positioning.

6. The water-proof structure of a turbo-compressor according to claim 5, wherein: The filter device (4) is fixed and pressed against the inside of the annular cavity (11) by a fixing clamp (13). The fixing clamp (13) has an "L" shaped cross section. One side of the fixing clamp (13) is fixed to the back plate of the volute (1), and the other side is attached to and pressed against the filter device (4).

7. The water-proof structure of a turbo-compressor according to claim 4, wherein: The filter device (4) is welded to the inside of the annular cavity (11).

8. The waterproof structure of an air compressor turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter device (4) is a double-layer or multi-layer annular plate structure. The air vents (41) are evenly distributed on the circumference of each layer of the annular plate. The diameter of the air vents (41) on each layer of the annular plate decreases from the outer layer to the inner layer.

9. The waterproof structure of an air compressor turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter device (4) has a hydrophobic coating on its outer side.

10. The waterproof structure of an air compressor turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volute (1) is provided with a drain valve (14).

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