Mine air pipeline flow pressure sensor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mine air and water pipeline flow pressure sensor, including circuit board, pressure sensor and turbine flowmeter, pressure sensor is connected with circuit board, is used for gathering the pressure information in pipeline and transmission to circuit board, turbine flowmeter is connected with circuit board, and this sensor will flow monitoring and pressure monitoring function integration, need not install different equipment respectively, has reduced the purchase cost of equipment, has simplified the installation layout of pipeline simultaneously, has reduced the occupation of pipeline space, has facilitated the installation and maintenance work of mine site. Through setting up amplification filter circuit on the circuit board, the pulse signal generated by turbine flowmeter is amplified and filtered, effectively removes the interference signal, improves the signal quality, so that the singlechip can more accurately calculate flow data. Meanwhile, the high-precision pressure sensor core is selected, which ensures the accuracy of pressure information collection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of monitoring technology for mining pipelines, specifically to a flow and pressure sensor for mining ventilation and water pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] In the mining production process, monitoring the flow and pressure parameters of mine ventilation and water pipelines is crucial, as it directly affects the safety and efficiency of mine production. Ventilation and water pipelines provide the necessary air and water sources for mining operations, and the stability of their flow and pressure affects the normal operation of mining equipment, the ventilation of the working face, and dust control effectiveness.

[0003] However, current monitoring equipment on the market has many problems. Most devices are single-function, only able to monitor flow rate or pressure. To obtain both parameters simultaneously, different devices must be installed, which not only increases the purchase cost of the equipment but also makes the pipeline installation layout more complex, occupies more pipeline space, and causes inconvenience to installation and maintenance work on the mine site.

[0004] At the same time, data transmission is unstable and easily affected by environmental interference, which makes it difficult to feed the monitoring data back to the control center in a timely and accurate manner. This makes it difficult to meet the actual needs of mine production for real-time and accurate monitoring, and poses potential safety hazards to mine production.

[0005] Therefore, a flow and pressure sensor for mine ventilation and water pipelines is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flow and pressure sensor for mine ventilation and water pipelines to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a flow and pressure sensor for mine ventilation and water pipelines, comprising a circuit board, a pressure sensor, and a turbine flow meter;

[0008] The pressure sensor is connected to the circuit board and is used to collect pressure information in the pipeline and transmit it to the circuit board.

[0009] The turbine flow meter is connected to the circuit board and is used to generate a flow-related pulse signal and transmit it to the circuit board when fluid flows through it.

[0010] The circuit board is equipped with an amplification and filtering circuit, an MCU module, and an RS485 communication circuit.

[0011] The MCU module is connected to the pressure sensor and the amplification and filtering circuit, respectively, to receive pressure information and processed pulse signals, and to calculate flow and pressure data. The amplification and filtering circuit is connected to the turbine flow meter to amplify and filter the pulse signals. The RS485 communication circuit is connected to the MCU module to transmit the processed flow and pressure data.

[0012] Preferably, the MCU module includes a microcontroller U2, and the model of the microcontroller U2 is STM32G070CBT6;

[0013] Pins 2 and 3 of the microcontroller U2 are connected to resistors R1 and R2 respectively and grounded. Pin 10 of the microcontroller U2 is connected to resistor R29 and capacitor C3 respectively. Pins 22 and 23 of the microcontroller U2 are connected to resistors R4 and R15 respectively and connected to the pressure sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the RS485 communication circuit includes a 485 transceiver U7, and the model of the 485 transceiver U7 is MAX13487;

[0015] Pin 1 of the 485 transceiver U7 is connected to pin 3 of the optocoupler U6. Pins 5 and 6 of the optocoupler U6 are connected to resistor R14 and connected to pin 14 of the microcontroller U2. Pin 1 of the optocoupler U6 is connected to resistor R11.

[0016] Resistor R12 is connected to pins 2 and 3 of the 485 transceiver U7;

[0017] Pin 4 of the 485 transceiver U7 is connected to pin 5 of the optocoupler U8. Pin 6 of the optocoupler U8 is connected to resistor R17 and is also connected to pin 4 of the 485 transceiver U7. Pin 1 of the optocoupler U8 is connected to resistor R16. Pin 3 of the optocoupler U8 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q1. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to resistor R20 and is also connected to pin 13 of the microcontroller U2.

[0018] Preferably, one-time fuses F3 and F2 are connected to pins 6 and 7 of the 485 transceiver U7, respectively. TVS diodes D2, D3, and D4 are also connected to pins 6 and 7 of the 485 transceiver U7. A resistor R19 is connected between pins 5 and 7 of the 485 transceiver U7. A capacitor C7 is connected to pin 8 of the 485 transceiver U7. A resistor R13 is also connected to pin 6 of the 485 transceiver U7.

[0019] Preferably, an optocoupler isolation circuit is also connected between the MCU module and the amplification and filtering circuit. The optocoupler isolation circuit includes an optocoupler U9. Resistors R24, R26, LED1, and R27 are connected to pins 1 and 2 of the optocoupler U9. Resistor R25 is connected to pin 28 of the microcontroller U2.

[0020] Preferably, the amplification and filtering circuit includes a dual operational amplifier U5, a resistor R5 is connected between pins 1 and 2 of the dual operational amplifier U5, one end of a resistor R6 is connected to pin 2 of the dual operational amplifier U5, the other end of a resistor R6 is connected to pin 2 of connector CN2, pins 3 and 4 of the dual operational amplifier U5 are connected to pin 1 of connector CN2, and connector CN2 is connected to a turbine flow meter.

[0021] Preferably: a diode D8 is connected to pin 8 of the dual operational amplifier U5; pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier U5 is connected to pin 2 of the optocoupler U9; pin 5 of the dual operational amplifier U5 is connected to one end of resistors R9 and R8; the other end of resistor R9 is connected to pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier U5; the other end of resistor R8 is connected to resistors R7 and R10 respectively; the other end of resistor R10 is connected to pin 8 of the dual operational amplifier U5; and a capacitor C8 is connected between pin 1 of connector CN2 and pin 8 of the dual operational amplifier U5.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] 1. This sensor integrates flow monitoring and pressure monitoring functions into one unit, eliminating the need for separate installation of different devices, thus reducing equipment procurement costs. It also simplifies pipeline installation layout, reduces pipeline space occupation, and facilitates installation and maintenance work on-site in mines.

[0024] 2. By setting up an amplification and filtering circuit on the circuit board, the pulse signal generated by the turbine flow meter is amplified and filtered, effectively removing interference signals and improving signal quality, enabling the microcontroller to calculate flow data more accurately. Simultaneously, the use of a high-precision pressure sensor core ensures the accuracy of pressure information acquisition.

[0025] 3. RS485 communication circuit is used for data transmission. RS485 communication has strong anti-interference ability and long transmission distance, which can ensure that pressure data and flow data can be stably and reliably transmitted to the monitoring and control center in the complex environment of the mine, meeting the needs of mine production for real-time monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the MCU module of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the RS485 communication circuit of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the amplification and filtering circuit of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optocoupler isolation circuit of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the DC-DC circuit of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overvoltage protection circuit of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power isolation circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Please see Figure 1-7 This utility model provides a technical solution: a flow and pressure sensor for mine ventilation and water pipelines, including a circuit board, a pressure sensor and a turbine flow meter;

[0035] The pressure sensor is connected to the circuit board and uses a high-precision pressure sensing element, which can sensitively sense changes in pressure within the pipeline, thereby collecting pressure information within the pipeline and transmitting it to the circuit board.

[0036] The turbine flow meter is connected to the circuit board. When fluid (wind or water) flows through the pipeline, it drives the turbine to rotate. The rotation speed of the turbine is related to the flow rate of the fluid, and the pulse signal it generates can be transmitted to the circuit board.

[0037] The circuit board is equipped with an amplification and filtering circuit, an MCU module, and an RS485 communication circuit. The MCU module is connected to both the pressure sensor and the amplification and filtering circuit. As a data processing center, the MCU module receives pressure information collected by the pressure sensor and pulse signals processed by the amplification and filtering circuit. The microcontroller has pre-set algorithms to calculate the fluid flow rate data based on the frequency of the pulse signals and processes and stores the pressure information.

[0038] The amplification and filtering circuit is connected to the turbine flow meter and is used to process the pulse signal transmitted by the turbine flow meter. Since the original pulse signal generated by the turbine flow meter may be relatively weak and mixed with various interference signals, the amplification and filtering circuit can amplify the useful signal and filter out the interference signals, thereby improving the signal quality.

[0039] The RS485 communication circuit is connected to the MCU module and is used to transmit the pressure and flow data processed by the microcontroller. It features strong anti-interference capabilities and long transmission distances, ensuring stable data transmission even in the complex environment of a mine.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown: The MCU module includes a microcontroller U2, which is an STM32G070CBT6. Pins 2 and 3 of the microcontroller U2 are connected to resistors R1 and R2 respectively and grounded. Pin 10 of the microcontroller U2 is connected to resistor R29 and capacitor C3 respectively. Pins 22 and 23 of the microcontroller U2 are connected to resistors R4 and R15 respectively and connected to a pressure sensor.

[0041] The core chip, STM32G030CBT6 microcontroller U2, is responsible for signal processing, communication, and control. 3.3V is supplied from the DC-DC module. Pin 10, via resistor R29 and capacitor C3, forms an RC reset circuit for automatic power-on reset. Pins 22 and 23 are externally connected to pull-up resistors R4 and R15, and are connected to a pressure sensor. Pin 28 receives a shaped square wave for timer input capture / interrupt counting.

[0042] like Figure 2As shown: The RS485 communication circuit includes a 485 transceiver U7, model MAX13487; pin 1 of the 485 transceiver U7 is connected to pin 3 of optocoupler U6; pins 5 and 6 of optocoupler U6 are connected to resistor R14 and then to pin 14 of microcontroller U2; pin 1 of optocoupler U6 is connected to resistor R11; pins 2 and 3 of the 485 transceiver U7 are connected to resistor R12; pin 4 of the 485 transceiver U7 is connected to pin 5 of optocoupler U8; pin 6 of optocoupler U8 is connected to resistor R17 and then to pin 4 of the 485 transceiver U7; pin 1 of optocoupler U8 is connected to resistor R16; pin 3 of optocoupler U8 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q1; the base of transistor Q1 is connected to resistor R20 and then to pin 13 of microcontroller U2. One-time fuses F3 and F2 are connected to pins 6 and 7 of the 485 transceiver U7, respectively. TVS diodes D2, D3, and D4 are also connected to pins 6 and 7 of the 485 transceiver U7. A resistor R19 is connected between pins 5 and 7 of the 485 transceiver U7. A capacitor C7 is connected to pin 8 of the 485 transceiver U7. A resistor R13 is also connected to pin 6 of the 485 transceiver U7.

[0043] The RS485 transceiver U7 uses differential communication and has strong anti-interference capabilities. Optocouplers U6 and U8 isolate the bus from the MCU to prevent surge damage. F2 and F3 are one-time fuses, and D2, D3, and D4 are TVS diodes, forming a surge protection circuit for the RS485 bus to prevent common overcurrent and overvoltage (surge, electrostatic) interference in industrial environments.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown: The MCU module is also connected to the amplification and filtering circuit by an optocoupler isolation circuit. The optocoupler isolation circuit includes an optocoupler U9. Resistors R24, R26, LED1 and R27 are connected to pins 1 and 2 of the optocoupler U9. Resistor R25 is connected to pin 28 of the microcontroller U2.

[0045] Optocoupler U9 is connected to the pulse signal output from the operational amplifier on the left and to the MCU on the right. R24 is a current-limiting resistor, LED1 indicates the operating status, and R25 pulls up the output level.

[0046] like Figure 3As shown: The amplification and filtering circuit includes a dual operational amplifier U5. A resistor R5 is connected between pins 1 and 2 of the dual operational amplifier U5. One end of a resistor R6 is connected to pin 2 of the dual operational amplifier U5. The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to pin 2 of connector CN2. Pins 3 and 4 of the dual operational amplifier U5 are connected to pin 1 of connector CN2. Connector CN2 is connected to a turbine flow meter. A diode D8 is connected to pin 8 of the dual operational amplifier U5. Pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier U5 is connected to pin 2 of optocoupler U9. One end of resistors R9 and R8 is connected to pin 5 of the dual operational amplifier U5. The other end of resistor R9 is connected to pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier U5. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to resistors R7 and R10 respectively. The other end of resistor R10 is connected to pin 8 of the dual operational amplifier U5. A capacitor C8 is connected between pin 1 of connector CN2 and pin 8 of the dual operational amplifier U5.

[0047] Dual operational amplifiers U5 are configured as inverting amplifiers in channel 1 to amplify the signal and increase the pulse amplitude. The passive pulse from the turbine flow meter is input, connected to the input signal via R6, and the feedback resistor R5 is connected between the inverting input and the output, while the non-inverting input is grounded. Channel 2 is configured as a Schmitt trigger. The operational amplifier is configured as a hysteresis comparator to output a square wave, which is then connected to the STM32's GPIO after optocoupler isolation for accurate counting / frequency measurement.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown: The DC-DC circuit converts the input power supply to a stable 5V and 3.3V to power the MCU, operational amplifiers, etc. The input is protected against reverse connection by diodes D1 and D5, and outputs 5V through regulator U1, filtered by capacitors. The 5V input is then output as 3.3V through linear regulator U4.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown: The overvoltage protection circuit quickly short-circuit protects the downstream circuit when the input voltage exceeds the threshold. It uses a combination of thyristors Q2 and Q3 with Zener diodes D6 and D7. The Zener diode breakdown voltage is the protection threshold. When the input voltage > 5.6V, the Zener diode conducts, triggering the thyristors to short-circuit the input and cut off the dangerous voltage.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown: The power isolation circuit achieves power-side isolation, blocking ground loop interference. U3 is an isolated DC-DC module with electrical isolation between input and output, preventing bus noise from entering the system.

[0051] Working Principle: The pressure sensor collects real-time pressure information from the mine's ventilation and water pipeline and converts this information into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the microcontroller on the circuit board. The turbine flow meter on the housing rotates under the influence of the fluid, generating a flow-related pulse signal. This pulse signal is transmitted to the amplification and filtering circuit on the circuit board. After amplification and filtering, a high-quality pulse signal is obtained and then transmitted to the microcontroller. The microcontroller receives the pressure signal from the pressure sensor and the pulse signal processed by the amplification and filtering circuit. Based on its internal preset algorithm, it calculates the flow rate data of the fluid in the pipeline and processes the pressure signal to obtain the pressure data. The microcontroller transmits the processed pressure and flow data to the RS485 communication circuit, which transmits the data stably to an external monitoring and control center or other receiving equipment according to the MODBUS communication protocol.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flow pressure sensor for mine air and water lines, characterized by: Includes circuit boards, pressure sensors, and turbine flow meters; The pressure sensor is connected to the circuit board and is used to collect pressure information in the pipeline and transmit it to the circuit board. The turbine flow meter is connected to the circuit board and is used to generate a flow-related pulse signal and transmit it to the circuit board when fluid flows through it. The circuit board is equipped with an amplification and filtering circuit, an MCU module, and an RS485 communication circuit. The MCU module is connected to the pressure sensor and the amplification and filtering circuit, respectively, to receive pressure information and processed pulse signals, and to calculate flow and pressure data. The amplification and filtering circuit is connected to the turbine flow meter to amplify and filter the pulse signals. The RS485 communication circuit is connected to the MCU module to transmit the processed flow and pressure data.

2. The mine air and water line flow pressure sensor of claim 1, wherein: The MCU module includes a microcontroller U2, which is an STM32G070CBT6. Pins 2 and 3 of the microcontroller U2 are connected to resistors R1 and R2 respectively and grounded. Pin 10 of the microcontroller U2 is connected to resistor R29 and capacitor C3 respectively. Pins 22 and 23 of the microcontroller U2 are connected to resistors R4 and R15 respectively and connected to the pressure sensor.

3. The mine air and water line flow pressure sensor of claim 2, wherein: The RS485 communication circuit includes a 485 transceiver U7, and the model of the 485 transceiver U7 is MAX13487. Pin 1 of the 485 transceiver U7 is connected to pin 3 of the optocoupler U6. Pins 5 and 6 of the optocoupler U6 are connected to resistor R14 and connected to pin 14 of the microcontroller U2. Pin 1 of the optocoupler U6 is connected to resistor R11. Resistor R12 is connected to pins 2 and 3 of the 485 transceiver U7; Pin 4 of the 485 transceiver U7 is connected to pin 5 of the optocoupler U8. Pin 6 of the optocoupler U8 is connected to resistor R17 and is also connected to pin 4 of the 485 transceiver U7. Pin 1 of the optocoupler U8 is connected to resistor R16. Pin 3 of the optocoupler U8 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q1. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to resistor R20 and is also connected to pin 13 of the microcontroller U2.

4. The mine air and water line flow pressure sensor of claim 3, wherein: One-time fuses F3 and F2 are connected to pins 6 and 7 of the 485 transceiver U7, respectively. TVS diodes D2, D3, and D4 are also connected to pins 6 and 7 of the 485 transceiver U7. A resistor R19 is connected between pins 5 and 7 of the 485 transceiver U7. A capacitor C7 is connected to pin 8 of the 485 transceiver U7. A resistor R13 is also connected to pin 6 of the 485 transceiver U7.

5. The mine air and water line flow pressure sensor of claim 2, wherein: An optocoupler isolation circuit is also connected between the MCU module and the amplification and filtering circuit. The optocoupler isolation circuit includes an optocoupler U9. Resistors R24, R26, LED1, and R27 are connected to pins 1 and 2 of the optocoupler U9. Resistor R25 is connected to pin 28 of the microcontroller U2.

6. The flow and pressure sensor for mine ventilation and water pipelines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The amplification and filtering circuit includes a dual operational amplifier U5. A resistor R5 is connected between pins 1 and 2 of the dual operational amplifier U5. One end of a resistor R6 is connected to pin 2 of the dual operational amplifier U5. The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to pin 2 of connector CN2. Pins 3 and 4 of the dual operational amplifier U5 are connected to pin 1 of connector CN2. Connector CN2 is connected to a turbine flow meter.

7. The mine air and water line flow pressure sensor of claim 6, wherein: A diode D8 is connected to pin 8 of the dual operational amplifier U5. Pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier U5 is connected to pin 2 of the optocoupler U9. Pin 5 of the dual operational amplifier U5 is connected to one end of resistors R9 and R8. The other end of resistor R9 is connected to pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier U5. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to resistors R7 and R10. The other end of resistor R10 is connected to pin 8 of the dual operational amplifier U5. A capacitor C8 is connected between pin 1 of connector CN2 and pin 8 of the dual operational amplifier U5.

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