Gasification slurry preheating device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522061321.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-25
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本实用新型的目的是提供一种气化浆体预热装置，解决了对煤浆进行气化时由于煤浆温度较低，需要吸收反应热源能量，从而降低煤浆气化率的技术问题
[0016]相对于上述背景技术，本实用新型提供的气化浆体预热装置包括预热炉，在预热炉的侧壁上设有蒸汽入口与凝液出口，在预热炉的底部则设有煤浆进口与煤浆出口，在预热炉的内部设有若干预热管，各预热管的中心对称轴与预热炉的轴线重合，各预热管分别与煤浆进口、煤浆出口连通，各预热管的轮廓外径向靠近预热炉轴线的一侧渐缩，使各预热管能够相互套嵌，当需要进行煤浆气化时，蒸汽入口向预热炉内输送高温蒸汽，高温蒸汽经过各预热管后对加热，随后煤浆生成装置通过煤浆进口向各预热支管输送煤浆，在输送煤浆的过程中，蒸汽进口持续向预热炉输送高温蒸汽，高温蒸汽通过预热管为煤浆输送热量，使煤浆具有足够的温度，在煤浆吸收高温蒸汽的热量后，蒸汽温度下降逐渐冷凝为液体，凝液通过凝液出口排出。
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Figure CN224812504U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal-water slurry gasification technology, and in particular to a gasification slurry preheating device. Background Technology
[0002] Gasification is one of the core technologies for the clean and efficient utilization of carbonaceous materials such as coal, waste, and biomass. The syngas produced by gasification can be used to develop coal-based chemicals and fuels, and can be used in IGCC power generation, combined heat and power (CHP) systems, hydrogen production, and other processes. Traditional fluidized bed gasification with wet feed involves processing carbonaceous materials such as coal, waste, and biomass into water-coal slurry, waste slurry, or biomass slurry with a solids content of approximately 50-70% using equipment such as mills, and then feeding it into the gasifier via slurry pumps. Wet feed is beneficial for stable feedstock transport and pressurized gasification, requiring the slurry viscosity to be no higher than 1.2 Pa·s. The slurry viscosity increases with increasing solids content and decreases with increasing temperature. However, because the slurry's inlet temperature is relatively low (close to room temperature), while the gasifier temperature exceeds 1200℃, the slurry absorbs a large amount of heat to raise its temperature upon entering the gasifier, requiring more energy and hindering the improvement of gasification efficiency. In particular, the low winter temperatures in northern my country cause a significant increase in the viscosity of coal-water slurry. In order to meet the viscosity standard, the solid content of the slurry must be reduced. However, high viscosity is also very detrimental to nozzle atomization, leading to a decrease in coal slurry gasification efficiency.
[0003] In summary, developing a preheating device that can preheat coal slurry and improve the efficiency of coal slurry gasification is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gasification slurry preheating device, which solves the technical problem that the gasification rate of coal slurry is reduced because the coal slurry temperature is low and it needs to absorb the energy of the reaction heat source.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a gasification slurry preheating device, comprising:
[0006] The preheating furnace has a coal slurry inlet and a coal slurry outlet at its bottom. Several preheating pipes are connected between the coal slurry inlet and the coal slurry outlet. The outer radial direction of each preheating pipe gradually tapers towards the axis of the preheating furnace. The preheating pipes are coaxially nested. The side wall of the preheating furnace has a steam inlet and a condensate outlet. The steam inlet is used to supply preheating steam to the preheating furnace, and the condensate outlet is used to discharge condensate.
[0007] Preferably, each preheating pipe includes a first spiral pipe and a second spiral pipe connected together. The spiral diameter of the first spiral pipe is smaller than that of the second spiral pipe. The first spiral pipe is located inside the second spiral pipe. The first spiral pipe is connected to the coal slurry inlet, and the second spiral pipe is connected to the coal slurry outlet.
[0008] Preferably, the preheating pipe is a U-shaped pipe, with adjacent preheating pipes arranged in a cross pattern and the included angle between adjacent preheating pipes being 90°. The ports on both sides of the U-shaped pipe are connected to the coal slurry inlet and the coal slurry outlet, respectively.
[0009] Preferably, both the coal slurry inlet and the coal slurry outlet are connected to a diversion interface. The diversion interface includes a manifold and several branch pipes. The manifold is used to receive the coal slurry transported by the coal slurry inlet or each preheating pipe. Each branch pipe is connected to each preheating pipe and distributes the coal slurry to each preheating pipe.
[0010] Preferably, a number of first steam fins are provided between each adjacent preheating tube, and a number of second steam fins are provided on the outermost preheating tube. Each second steam fin is perpendicular to the axis of the preheating furnace, and each first steam fin is set at an angle to the axis of the preheating furnace, with the included angle pointing towards the side of the condensate outlet.
[0011] Preferably, a guide plate is provided at the connection between each branch pipe and each preheating pipe. The guide plate separates the preheating pipe and the branch interface. The guide plate is used to receive condensate and guide the condensate to the condensate outlet.
[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the preheating pipe is connected with a number of coal slurry fins, and the coal slurry fins are spaced apart along the extension direction of the preheating pipe.
[0013] Preferably, connecting flanges are provided at the ports of the coal slurry inlet, coal slurry outlet, steam inlet, and condensate outlet. The connecting flanges are used to connect the steam supply device, the coal slurry generation device, and the coal slurry gasification device.
[0014] Preferably, the steam inlet is located above the condensate outlet, and the steam inlet and condensate outlet are located on the same side of the preheating furnace.
[0015] Preferably, the number of preheating tubes is [number], the ratio of the thickness of the first steam fin and the second steam fin to the diameter of the preheating tube is in the range of 0.2 to 0.5, and the ratio of the diameter of the coal slurry fin to the diameter of the preheating tube is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3.
[0016] Compared to the aforementioned background technology, the gasification slurry preheating device provided by this utility model includes a preheating furnace. A steam inlet and a condensate outlet are provided on the side wall of the preheating furnace, and a coal slurry inlet and a coal slurry outlet are provided at the bottom of the preheating furnace. Several preheating tubes are provided inside the preheating furnace, with the central axis of symmetry of each preheating tube coinciding with the axis of the preheating furnace. Each preheating tube is connected to the coal slurry inlet and the coal slurry outlet, respectively. The outer radial profile of each preheating tube gradually narrows towards the axis of the preheating furnace, allowing the preheating tubes to be nested within each other. When coal slurry gasification is required, the steam inlet supplies high-temperature steam to the preheating furnace. The high-temperature steam heats the coal slurry after passing through each preheating tube. Subsequently, the coal slurry generating device supplies coal slurry to each preheating branch pipe through the coal slurry inlet. During the coal slurry supplying process, the steam inlet continuously supplies high-temperature steam to the preheating furnace. The high-temperature steam transfers heat to the coal slurry through the preheating tubes, giving the coal slurry a sufficient temperature. After the coal slurry absorbs the heat from the high-temperature steam, the steam temperature decreases and gradually condenses into a liquid. The condensate is discharged through the condensate outlet.
[0017] The gasification slurry preheating device provided in this application diverts coal slurry through a preheating pipe and fully heats the coal slurry with steam in a sealed preheating furnace, thereby reducing the extra heat consumed during the gasification reaction of the coal slurry and improving the gasification efficiency of the coal slurry. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the gasification slurry preheating device provided in this utility model.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a spiral tube provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the gasification slurry preheating device provided in this utility model.
[0022] Among them, 1-preheating furnace; 11-coal slurry inlet; 12-coal slurry outlet; 13-steam inlet; 14-condensate outlet; 2-preheating pipe; 21-first spiral pipe; 22-second spiral pipe; 23-U-shaped pipe; 3-guide plate; 4-connecting flange; 51-first steam fin; 52-second steam fin. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0025] This utility model provides a gasification slurry preheating device; please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 2 This application includes a preheating furnace 1. The side wall of the preheating furnace 1 is provided with a steam inlet 13 and a condensate outlet 14. The steam inlet 13 is connected to an external steam supply device to provide high-temperature steam to the preheating furnace 1. At the bottom of the preheating furnace 1, there is a coal slurry inlet 11 and a coal slurry outlet 12. The coal slurry inlet 11 transports the coal slurry to be preheated into the preheating furnace 1, and the coal slurry outlet 12 transports the preheated coal slurry to a coal slurry gasification device. Preferably, a plurality of preheating pipes 2 are provided in the preheating furnace 1. The two ends of each preheating pipe 2 are connected to the coal slurry inlet 11 and the coal slurry outlet 12, respectively. It should be noted that each preheating pipe 2 is symmetrical about the axis of the preheating furnace 1. The outer radial direction of each preheating pipe 2 gradually narrows towards the axis of the preheating furnace 1, so that each preheating pipe 2 can be nested with each other. When the high-temperature steam input from the steam inlet 13 enters the preheating furnace 1, the nested preheating pipes 2 can fully contact the high-temperature steam, thereby improving the preheating effect of the coal slurry in this application.
[0026] In one embodiment of this application, steam inlet 13 is connected to the waste heat pipe of the coal slurry gasification device. Steam inlet 13 receives high-temperature steam generated during the condensation process in the coal slurry gasification device and inputs it into the preheating furnace 1. During the initial input of high-temperature steam, the valve of coal slurry inlet 11 is closed. The high-temperature steam heats the preheating furnace 1 and preheating pipe 2, preventing the lower-temperature preheating furnace 1 and preheating pipe 2 from absorbing the heat of the high-temperature steam after the coal slurry is directly introduced into the preheating pipe 2. This reduces the heat absorbed by the coal slurry inside the preheating pipe 2, making it unable to reach the target temperature and thus reducing the coal slurry gasification efficiency. Furthermore, after the heating of the preheating furnace 1 and preheating pipe 2 is completed, the valve of coal slurry inlet 11 is closed. When the coal slurry inlet 11 is opened, the coal slurry is fed into the preheating furnace 1. The coal slurry is divided into several streams by each preheating pipe 2, greatly increasing the heating area of the coal slurry and ensuring that the coal slurry reaches the target temperature when it flows to the coal slurry outlet 12. The coal slurry inlet 11 collects the coal slurry in each preheating pipe 2 and transports the coal slurry to the coal slurry gasification device. Compared with the coal slurry that has not been preheated, the coal slurry treated by this application requires less energy to reach the reaction temperature. At the same reaction temperature, the coal slurry treated by this application has a higher gasification rate. In addition, the high-temperature steam used for preheating in this application is a cooling byproduct of the coal slurry gasification device. This application also improves the energy utilization rate of the coal slurry gasification process and reduces the production cost of coal slurry gasification.
[0027] It should be noted that connecting flanges 4 are provided at the ports of coal slurry inlet 11, coal slurry outlet 12, steam inlet 13, and condensate outlet 14. The connecting flanges 4 are used to connect the steam supply device, the coal slurry generation device, and the coal slurry gasification device.
[0028] Please continue to refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figure 1 With appendix Figure 2The figure shows the first embodiment of this application. Preferably, the preheating tube 2 is a spiral tube assembly, which includes a first spiral tube 21 and a second spiral tube 22 connected to each other. The spiral diameter of the first spiral tube 21 is smaller than the diameter of the second spiral tube 22. The first spiral tube 21 is fitted inside the second spiral tube 22. The first spiral tube 21 is connected to the coal slurry inlet 11, and the second spiral tube 22 is connected to the coal slurry outlet 12. The interlocking first spiral tube 21 and second spiral tube 22 make the flow path of the coal slurry in the preheating furnace 1 longer, and the residence time of the coal slurry in the preheating furnace 1 is sufficient to heat the coal slurry to the target temperature. The outline diameter of each spiral tube assembly gradually decreases towards the axis of the preheating furnace 1. Preferably, it is located on the outside. The diameter of the first spiral tube 21 of the spiral tube group on the side is larger than the diameter of the second spiral tube 22 of the spiral tube group on the inner side, so that each spiral tube group can be nested with each other, and there is a gap between the adjacent preheating tube groups after nesting, so that high-temperature steam can flow in the nested spiral tube groups. In addition, the heat absorption area of the spiral preheating tube 2 is more three-dimensional, and the heat absorption area of the preheating tube 2 completely covers the inner cavity of the preheating furnace 1, so that the coal slurry can uniformly absorb the heat of the high-temperature steam filled in the preheating furnace 1, avoiding the heat absorption area of the preheating tube 2 being concentrated, and some high-temperature steam being outside the heat absorption area of the preheating tube 2. The high-temperature steam entering the preheating furnace 1 is not fully used for heating, and the temperature of the coal slurry entering the coal slurry gasification device does not meet the standard, thus reducing the gasification rate of the coal slurry.
[0029] Please refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figure 3 The figure shows the second embodiment of this application. Preferably, the spiral tube is a U-shaped tube 23. The distance between the two ends of the U-shaped tube 23 gradually decreases towards the axis of the preheating furnace 1. In addition, the height of the U-shaped tube 23 decreases accordingly. The U-shaped tubes 23 are staggered and interlocked. Each U-shaped tube 23 is located in two mutually perpendicular planes. That is, the planes of two adjacent U-shaped tubes 23 are perpendicular. The heat absorption area of each U-shaped tube 23 arranged in this way is sufficient to cover the inner cavity of the preheating furnace 1, so that the preheating tube 2 can fully absorb the heat of the high-temperature steam and ensure that the coal slurry can be heated evenly.
[0030] Preferably, a diversion interface is provided at both the coal slurry inlet 11 and the coal slurry outlet 12. The diversion interface includes a manifold and branch pipes. The manifold is used to receive the coal slurry input from the coal slurry inlet 11. After the coal slurry enters the manifold, it flows into the interior of each branch pipe. Each branch pipe is connected to each preheating pipe 2. This application uses the diversion interface to divide the coal slurry with a larger fluid cross-sectional area into several streams of coal slurry with smaller fluid cross-sectional areas. When the high-temperature steam heats the coal slurry in the branch pipe, the heat can be transferred to the interior of the coal slurry in a short time, ensuring that the coal slurry can be completely heated. If only a larger manifold is used for coal slurry preheating, the thermal conductivity of the coal slurry may be low. The high-temperature steam can only heat the coal slurry near the side wall of the manifold, and the part of the coal slurry near the axis of the manifold may not reach the target temperature. Furthermore, the diversion interface connected to the coal slurry outlet 12 receives the preheated coal slurry output from each branch pipe and outputs the coal slurry to the coal slurry outlet 12.
[0031] Furthermore, second steam fins 52 are provided between each adjacent preheating tube 2, and second steam fins 52 are provided on the outermost periphery of the preheating tube 2. Both second steam fins 52 are used to assist the preheating tube 2 in absorbing heat. In addition, each second steam fin 52 partially connects each preheating tube 2, enabling heat transfer between each preheating tube 2. The temperature of each preheating tube 2 is close to uniform, and the output coal slurry temperature after preheating is more stable. In addition, the second steam fins 52 are perpendicular to the axis of the preheating furnace 1, and the second steam fins 52 are set at a certain angle to the axis of the preheating furnace 1, and the included angle points to the side closer to the coal slurry inlet 11. Preferably, the second steam fins 52 are used to guide high-temperature steam into the interior of each preheating tube 2. The inclined second steam fins 52 are used to guide the condensate generated on the surface of the preheating tube 2, avoiding the accumulation of condensate on the surface of the preheating tube 2, which would affect the heat transfer of high-temperature steam to the preheating tube 2. In addition, several coal slurry fins are provided in the inner cavity of each preheating tube 2. The coal slurry fins are distributed at intervals along the preheating tube 2. Each coal slurry fin is connected to the inner wall of each preheating tube 2. When high-temperature steam transfers heat to the preheating tube 2, the coal slurry fins extend into the interior of the coal slurry. The coal slurry fins heat the coal slurry from the inside, which further improves the heat transfer efficiency of the preheating tube 2.
[0032] Preferably, the number of preheating tubes 2 is 6, the thickness of the second steam fin 52 and the diameter ratio of the preheating tube 2 are in the range of 0.2 to 0.5, and the diameter ratio of the coal slurry fins to the preheating tube 2 is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3.
[0033] In addition, a guide plate 3 is provided at the connection between the branch pipe and the preheating pipe 2. The guide plate 3 is connected to each branch pipe and the outer wall of the preheating furnace 1. The guide plate 3 divides the inner cavity of the preheating furnace 1 into a preheating part and a slurry conveying part. Preferably, the steam inlet 13 and the condensate outlet are both connected to the preheating part and are located on the same side of the preheating furnace 1. The condensate inlet is located below the steam inlet 13. The condensate generated by the high-temperature steam during the preheating of the coal slurry falls onto the guide plate 3. The guide plate 3 guides the condensate to the condensate outlet. At the same time, the guide plate 3 also prevents the condensate from falling into the slurry conveying part and contacting the preheated coal slurry, which would cause the coal slurry temperature to drop.
[0034] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.
[0035] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from the principles of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A gasification slurry preheating device, characterized in that, include: A preheating furnace (1) is provided with a coal slurry inlet (11) and a coal slurry outlet (12) at the bottom. A number of preheating pipes (2) are connected between the coal slurry inlet (11) and the coal slurry outlet (12). The outer radial direction of each preheating pipe (2) gradually narrows towards the axis of the preheating furnace (1). Each preheating pipe (2) is coaxially nested. A steam inlet (13) and a condensate outlet (14) are provided on the side wall of the preheating furnace (1). The steam inlet (13) is used to supply preheating steam to the preheating furnace (1), and the condensate outlet (14) is used to discharge condensate.
2. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the preheating pipes (2) includes a first spiral pipe (21) and a second spiral pipe (22) that are connected. The spiral diameter of the first spiral pipe (21) is smaller than the spiral diameter of the second spiral pipe (22). The first spiral pipe (21) is located inside the second spiral pipe (22). The first spiral pipe (21) is connected to the coal slurry inlet (11), and the second spiral pipe (22) is connected to the coal slurry outlet (12).
3. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preheating pipe (2) is a U-shaped pipe (23). Each adjacent preheating pipe (2) is arranged crosswise, and the included angle between adjacent preheating pipes (2) is 90°. The ports on both sides of the U-shaped pipe (23) are connected to the coal slurry inlet (11) and the coal slurry outlet (12), respectively.
4. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the coal slurry inlet (11) and the coal slurry outlet (12) are connected to a diversion interface. The diversion interface includes a manifold and several branch pipes. The manifold is used to receive the coal slurry transported by the coal slurry inlet (11) or each of the preheating pipes (2). Each of the branch pipes is connected to each of the preheating pipes (2) and distributes the coal slurry to each of the preheating pipes (2).
5. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A plurality of first steam fins (51) are provided between each adjacent preheating pipe (2), and a plurality of second steam fins (52) are provided on the outer periphery of the outermost preheating pipe (2). Each second steam fin (52) is perpendicular to the axis of the preheating furnace (1), and each first steam fin (51) is set at an angle to the axis of the preheating furnace (1), and the included angle points to the side of the condensate outlet (14).
6. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each branch pipe is provided with a guide plate (3) at the connection between each preheating pipe (2). The guide plate (3) separates the preheating pipe (2) and the diversion interface. The guide plate (3) is used to receive condensate and guide the condensate to the condensate outlet (14).
7. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner wall of the preheating pipe (2) is connected with a number of coal slurry fins, and each coal slurry fin is spaced apart along the extension direction of the preheating pipe (2).
8. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal slurry inlet (11), the coal slurry outlet (12), the steam inlet (13), and the condensate outlet (14) are all provided with connecting flanges (4), which are used to connect the steam supply device, the coal slurry generation device, and the coal slurry gasification device.
9. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The steam inlet (13) is located above the condensate outlet (14), and the steam inlet (13) and the condensate outlet (14) are located on the same side of the preheating furnace (1).
10. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of preheating tubes (2) is specifically 6. The ratio of the thickness of the first steam fin (51) and the second steam fin (52) to the diameter of the preheating tube (2) is between 0.2 and 0.
5. The ratio of the diameter of the coal slurry fin to the diameter of the preheating tube (2) is between 0.1 and 0.3.