Fluidized bed biomass torrefaction system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522407588.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-13
AI Technical Summary
[0003]本实用新型的目的在于提供一种流化床生物质烘焙系统，解决了现有烘焙工艺所使用的固定床烘焙，存在传热、传质效果差，生产效率低的缺点，难以满足目前气流床气化生物质的生产需求，同时较高的烘焙温度和烘焙时间，导致生物质物料的挥发份更多的被热解，产物收率偏低，较高的烘焙热烟气温度，需燃烧更多的燃料提供热能，能耗较高的问题
[0012]本实用新型对物料采用预干燥料仓和流化床烘焙相结合，对物料进行烘干，烘焙处理，可大幅提高物料加工的能力，缩短物料烘焙所需时间，将预干燥烘干废气与烘焙废气分开，烘焙废气循环利用，一部分烘焙废气做为燃料进热风炉燃烧，产生热烟气，另一部分烘焙废气与热烟气混合至要求的烘焙热烟气温度，充分利用烘焙废气的余热及可燃成分，降低系统能耗，多余的烘焙废气送水洗系统净化后外送，流化床的床料溢流至绝热缓冲罐本体，使流化床溢出物料在绝热缓冲罐本体内停留一定的时间后，从下部排出，解决流化床内物料颗粒的“停留时间分布差异”导致的“夹生”问题，使得烘焙产品的质量更高，并进一步降低能耗，旋风逃逸的烘焙产物，因其粒度满足气流床对物料粒径的需求，可直接供气流床气化使用，也进一步降低了烘焙物料下一步研磨加工的总量及能耗。
Smart Images
Figure CN224838188U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fluidized bed biomass baking technology, and more specifically to a fluidized bed biomass baking system. Background Technology
[0002] In entrained flow gasification of biomass, the biomass must first be roasted and ground. Existing fixed-bed roasting processes suffer from poor heat and mass transfer, resulting in low production efficiency and failing to meet the production demands of entrained flow gasification of biomass. The poor heat and mass transfer also leads to poor quality of the roasted material, with localized over-roasting and under-roasting, hindering the subsequent biomass grinding process. Due to the poor heat and mass transfer in fixed beds, higher roasting temperatures or extended roasting times are required to achieve the desired product quality, leading to greater pyrolysis of volatiles in the biomass and lower product yield. Furthermore, the higher temperature of the roasting flue gas necessitates the combustion of more fuel for heat energy, resulting in high energy consumption. Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to address these issues. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fluidized bed biomass baking system, which solves the problems of poor heat and mass transfer, low production efficiency, and difficulty in meeting the current production needs of gasified biomass in airflow beds. At the same time, the high baking temperature and baking time lead to more pyrolysis of volatiles in biomass materials, resulting in a low product yield. The high baking flue gas temperature also requires more fuel to be burned to provide heat energy, resulting in high energy consumption.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a fluidized bed biomass baking system, comprising: a pre-drying silo body; a fluidized bed body and a cyclone dust collector are arranged on the side of the pre-drying silo body; an insulated buffer tank body and a bag filter body are arranged on the side of the cyclone dust collector; a hot air furnace body and a washing tower body are arranged on the side of the hot air furnace body; a fluidized bed feed screw is arranged at the lower part of the pre-drying silo body and connected to the fluidized bed body; the top of the fluidized bed body is connected to the cyclone dust collector; the fluidized bed... The overflow port of the main body and the outlet of the cyclone dust collector are connected to the main body of the insulated buffer tank. The outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the main body of the bag dust collector, and the bottom discharge port of the bag dust collector is provided at the bottom of the main body of the bag dust collector. A circulating induced draft fan is provided between the main body of the hot air furnace and the main body of the bag dust collector, and is connected to the gas outlet of the bag dust collector through the circulating induced draft fan. The main body of the washing tower is connected to the outlet of the circulating induced draft fan. The bottom of the fluidized bed main body is provided with a fluidized bed bottom discharge port, a fluidized bed central tube air inlet, and a fluidized bed distribution plate air inlet. The bottom of the insulated buffer tank main body is provided with an insulated buffer tank discharge screw, and the bottom discharge port of the insulated buffer tank is provided at the bottom of the insulated buffer tank discharge screw.
[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a dust collector for the pre-drying silo is provided at the top of the pre-drying silo body and a hot air inlet for the pre-drying silo is provided at the bottom. An exhaust port for the pre-drying silo is provided at the top of the dust collector for the pre-drying silo. The hot air furnace body and the washing tower body are connected to the hot air inlet for the pre-drying silo through pipes.
[0006] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a dust collector for the heat insulation buffer tank is provided on the top of the heat insulation buffer tank body.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hot blast stove body is provided with a hot blast stove fuel gas inlet and a hot blast stove combustion air inlet on its side.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a washing tower circulation pump 13 is provided in the washing tower body 9, and a washing water discharge port 27 is provided in the pipeline connecting the washing tower circulation pump 13 and the washing tower body 9. A washing exhaust port 26 is provided on the top of the washing tower body 9.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the cyclone dust collector is provided with a cyclone return material conveying port and the cyclone return material conveying port is connected to the fluidized bed body.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the top of the insulated buffer tank dust collector is provided with a flue gas outlet at the top of the insulated buffer tank, and the top of the bag dust collector body is provided with a flue gas outlet at the top of the bag dust collector. Both the flue gas outlet at the top of the insulated buffer tank and the flue gas outlet at the top of the bag dust collector are connected to the pipeline between the bag dust collector body and the circulating induced draft fan.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0012] This invention combines a pre-drying silo with fluidized bed baking to dry and bake materials, significantly improving processing capacity and shortening baking time. The pre-drying exhaust gas is separated from the baking exhaust gas, which is then recycled. A portion of the baking exhaust gas is used as fuel in a hot air furnace to generate hot flue gas, while the other portion is mixed with the hot flue gas to the required baking hot flue gas temperature, fully utilizing the residual heat and combustible components of the baking exhaust gas to reduce system energy consumption. Excess baking exhaust gas is purified by a water washing system before being sent out. The fluidized bed material overflows into an insulated buffer tank, where it remains for a certain period before being discharged from the bottom. This solves the "half-cooked" problem caused by the "difference in residence time distribution" of material particles in the fluidized bed, resulting in higher quality baked products and further reducing energy consumption. Baked products that escape through the cyclone, due to their particle size meeting the requirements of the fluidized bed for material particle size, can be directly used for gasification in the fluidized bed, further reducing the total amount and energy consumption of the subsequent grinding and processing of baked materials. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the baking process structure of this utility model.
[0014] In the diagram: 1. Pre-drying silo body; 2. Pre-drying silo dust collector; 3. Fluidized bed body; 4. Cyclone dust collector; 5. Insulated buffer tank dust collector; 6. Insulated buffer tank body; 7. Bag filter body; 8. Hot air furnace body; 9. Washing tower body; 10. Fluidized bed feed screw; 11. Insulated buffer tank discharge screw; 12. Circulating fan; 13. Washing tower circulating pump; 14. Pre-drying silo hot air inlet; 15. Pre-drying silo exhaust fan. 16. Fluidized bed bottom discharge port; 17. Fluidized bed center pipe air inlet; 18. Fluidized bed distribution plate air inlet; 19. Cyclone return material conveying air inlet; 20. Insulated buffer tank bottom discharge port; 21. Bag filter bottom discharge port; 22. Insulated buffer tank top flue gas port; 23. Bag filter top flue gas port; 24. Hot air furnace fuel gas inlet; 25. Hot air furnace combustion air inlet; 26. Washing exhaust air inlet; 27. Washing water discharge port. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0016] Please see Figure 1This utility model provides a technical solution: a fluidized bed biomass baking system, comprising: a pre-drying silo body 1, a fluidized bed body 3 disposed on the side of the pre-drying silo body 1, a cyclone dust collector 4 disposed on the side of the fluidized bed body 3, an insulated buffer tank body 6 disposed on the side of the cyclone dust collector 4, a bag filter body 7 disposed on the side of the insulated buffer tank body 6, and a hot air furnace body 8 disposed on the side of the bag filter body 7. The washing tower body 9 has a fluidized bed feed screw 10 at the bottom of the pre-drying silo body 1, which is connected to the fluidized bed body 3. The top of the fluidized bed body 3 is connected to the cyclone dust collector 4. The overflow port of the fluidized bed body 3 and the outlet of the cyclone dust collector 4 are connected to the insulated buffer tank body 6. The outlet of the cyclone dust collector 4 is connected to the bag filter body 7, and the bottom of the bag filter body 7 is provided with a bag filter bottom. The hot air furnace body 8 and the bag filter body 7 are connected by a circulating induced draft fan 12, which is connected to the gas outlet of the bag filter. The washing tower body 9 is connected to the outlet of the circulating induced draft fan 12. The bottom of the fluidized bed body 3 is provided with a fluidized bed bottom discharge port 16, a fluidized bed center pipe air inlet 17, and a fluidized bed distribution plate air inlet 18. The lower part of the insulated buffer tank body 6 is provided with an insulated buffer tank discharge screw 11, which discharges material from the insulated buffer tank. The lower part of the spiral 11 is provided with a bottom discharge port 20 of the heat-insulating buffer tank. The material to be baked first enters the pre-drying silo body 1, and hot drying inert gas is introduced at the bottom through the hot air inlet 14 of the pre-drying silo. While replacing the oxygen carried in the raw material, the material is pre-dried to remove the moisture. The material is heated to about 100°C in the pre-drying silo. After the external water of the material is removed, it is continuously added into the fluidized bed through the fluidized bed feeding spiral 10 for high-temperature fluidized baking.The exhaust gas generated during pre-drying is filtered by the pre-drying silo dust collector 2 at the top of the silo and then discharged. Two streams of high-temperature baking gas are introduced at the bottom of the fluidized bed body 3 through the fluidized bed central tube inlet 17 and the fluidized bed distribution plate inlet 18. The fluidized bed central tube inlet 17 mainly acts as the central jet, providing the main power source for fluidization. The distribution plate of the fluidized bed distribution plate inlet 18 has an inverted conical structure with evenly distributed small holes. Its gas mainly assists the central tube in completing the internal fluidization of the material. Under the action of the high-speed jet from the central tube, the bed material is blown up and suspended within the fluidized bed, undergoing intense back-mixing. Fine biomass particles generated during this process are carried upwards by the airflow and discharged from the top of the fluidized bed, entering the cyclone dust collector 4 for gas-solid separation. The separated material is returned to the fluidized bed through the cyclone return conveyor 19. After secondary baking, the gas carrying some of the escaped fine particles exits the cyclone separator and enters the bag filter body 7 for efficient gas-solid separation. The fine particles intercepted by the bag filter body 7 are the finished product, which can be sent to the product silo or directly to the user unit. The hot gas exiting the bag filter is pressurized by the circulating induced draft fan 12 and then split into two paths. One path goes to the hot air furnace body 8, where it is mixed with externally supplied fuel for combustion and heating, and then mixed with the hot baking gas from the hot air furnace bypass to reach the required temperature for use in the fluidized bed baking and pre-drying chamber. The remaining gas enters the scrubbing tower body 9 through the scrubbing exhaust gas control valve. The exhaust gas entering the scrubbing tower body 9 is scrubbed, and the clean gas is drawn out from the top of the tower and split into two paths. One path is mixed with the combustion hot exhaust gas and conditioned for use in the pre-drying chamber. The remaining gas is discharged according to its properties.
[0017] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown: The top of the pre-drying silo body 1 is provided with a pre-drying silo dust collector 2 and the bottom is provided with a pre-drying silo hot air inlet 14. The top of the pre-drying silo dust collector 2 is provided with a pre-drying silo exhaust port 15. The hot air furnace body 8 and the washing tower body 9 are connected to the pre-drying silo hot air inlet 14 through pipes. The design of the pre-drying silo hot air inlet 14 allows the hot drying inert gas to be introduced from the bottom, effectively replacing the oxygen in the material and pre-drying the material, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent fluidized bed baking.
[0018] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown: The top of the heat insulation buffer tank body 6 is equipped with a heat insulation buffer tank dust collector 5. The heat insulation buffer tank dust collector 5 can further purify the gas from the fluidized bed and cyclone dust collector 4, reduce the carry-out of fine particles, and ensure the cleanliness of the air entering the hot blast furnace.
[0019] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown: The hot blast stove body 8 is provided with a hot blast stove fuel gas inlet 24 and a hot blast stove combustion air inlet 25 on its side. Through the independent fuel gas inlet and combustion air inlet, the combustion process in the hot blast stove can be precisely controlled, the combustion efficiency can be improved, and the hot flue gas required by the fluidized bed can be provided more stably.
[0020] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown: The washing tower body 9 is equipped with a washing tower circulation pump 13, and a washing water discharge port 27 is provided in the pipeline connecting the washing tower circulation pump 13 and the washing tower body 9. A washing exhaust port 26 is provided at the top of the washing tower body 9. The washing tower circulation pump 13 ensures that the washing liquid can be recycled, improving washing efficiency. The design of the washing exhaust port 26 and the washing water discharge port 27 allows the treated clean gas and wastewater to be discharged separately, avoiding secondary pollution.
[0021] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown: The bottom of the cyclone dust collector 4 is provided with a cyclone return material conveying port 19, and the cyclone return material conveying port 19 is connected to the fluidized bed body 3. The cyclone return material conveying port 19 sends the separated material back to the fluidized bed for secondary baking, ensuring that the material is fully baked and improving product quality and yield.
[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown: The top of the insulated buffer tank dust collector 5 is provided with an insulated buffer tank top flue gas port 22, and the top of the bag dust collector body 7 is provided with a bag dust collector top flue gas port 23. The insulated buffer tank top flue gas port 22 and the bag dust collector top flue gas port 23 are both connected to the pipeline between the bag dust collector body 7 and the circulating induced draft fan 12. The flue gas in the insulated buffer tank and the bag dust collector can smoothly enter the circulating induced draft fan 12, thereby realizing the recycling of baking exhaust gas and reducing system energy consumption.
[0023] Working principle: The material to be baked first enters the pre-drying hopper body 1. Hot drying inert gas is introduced into the bottom of the pre-drying hopper through the hot air inlet 14. The hot drying inert gas effectively replaces the oxygen in the material, preventing oxidation, and at the same time pre-drying the material, removing the moisture and improving the subsequent baking efficiency. The pre-drying process reduces the moisture in the material, making the subsequent baking more efficient, while avoiding the adverse effects of oxygen on the material. The pre-dried material is continuously added into the fluidized bed through the fluidized bed feed screw 10. Two streams of high-temperature baking gas are introduced at the bottom of the fluidized bed body 3 through the fluidized bed central tube inlet 17 and the fluidized bed distribution plate inlet 18. The fluidized bed central tube inlet 17 provides the central jet, which is the main power source for fluidization in the fluidized bed. The fluidized bed distribution plate inlet 18 assists the central tube in completing the internal fluidization of the material, causing the bed material to be violently back-mixed, achieving efficient heat and mass transfer. Fluidized bed baking greatly improves the material processing capacity, shortens the baking time, and makes the material baking more uniform, thus improving product quality. The fine biomass particles generated in the fluidized bed are carried upward by the airflow and discharged from the top of the fluidized bed, entering the cyclone dust collector 4 for gas-solid separation. The separated material is returned to the fluidized bed for secondary baking through the cyclone return conveyor 19. The gas carries some of the escaped fine particles out of the cyclone separator and enters the bag filter body 7 for efficient gas-solid separation. The cyclone dust collector 4 and the bag filter achieve effective separation of gas and solid. The fine particles intercepted by the bag filter are the finished product. After exiting the baghouse dust collector, the hot gas is pressurized by the circulating induced draft fan 12 and then split into two paths. One path goes to the hot air furnace body 8 to mix with fuel for combustion and heating, and then mixes with the hot baking gas from the hot air furnace bypass to reach the required temperature for use in the fluidized bed baking and pre-drying chamber. The remaining gas enters the scrubbing tower body 9 for washing treatment. Through gas-solid separation and waste gas recycling, the residual heat and combustible components of the baking waste gas are fully utilized, reducing system energy consumption. At the same time, the clean gas treated by the scrubbing tower can be further utilized or discharged, reducing environmental pollution. Fine particles intercepted by the baghouse dust collector body 7 are sent to the product silo as finished material or directly transported to the user unit. After the waste flue gas entering the scrubbing tower body 9 is washed, the clean gas is drawn out from the top of the tower and treated in two paths: one path mixes with the combustion hot flue gas and adjusts the temperature for use in the pre-drying chamber; the remaining gas is discharged according to its properties, ensuring the purity and quality of the finished material. At the same time, the gas treated by the scrubbing tower meets the emission standards, reducing the impact on the environment, improving the market competitiveness of the product, and meeting environmental protection requirements, achieving a win-win situation for economic and environmental benefits.
[0024] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
[0025] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc., are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.
[0026] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fluidized bed biomass baking system, characterized in that: include: A pre-drying silo body (1) is provided. A fluidized bed body (3) is provided on the side of the pre-drying silo body (1), and a cyclone dust collector (4) is provided on the side of the fluidized bed body (3). An insulating buffer tank body (6) is provided on the side of the cyclone dust collector (4), and a bag filter body (7) is provided on the side of the insulating buffer tank body (6). A hot air furnace body (8) is provided on the side of the bag filter body (7), and a washing tower body (9) is provided on the side of the hot air furnace body (8). A fluidized bed feed screw (10) is provided at the bottom of the pre-drying silo body (1), and the fluidized bed feed screw (10) is connected to the fluidized bed body (3). The top of the fluidized bed body (3) is connected to the cyclone dust collector (4). The overflow port of the fluidized bed body (3) and the outlet of the cyclone dust collector (4) are connected to the insulating buffer tank. The tank bodies (6) are connected to each other. The outlet of the cyclone dust collector (4) is connected to the bag dust collector body (7), and the bottom of the bag dust collector body (7) is provided with a bottom discharge port (21). The hot air furnace body (8) is connected to the bag dust collector body (7), and a circulating induced draft fan (12) is connected to the bag dust collector gas outlet through the circulating induced draft fan (12). The washing tower body (9) is connected to the outlet of the circulating induced draft fan (12). The bottom of the fluidized bed body (3) is provided with a fluidized bed bottom discharge port (16), a fluidized bed center pipe air inlet (17), and a fluidized bed distribution plate air inlet (18). The bottom of the heat insulation buffer tank body (6) is provided with a heat insulation buffer tank discharge screw (11), and the bottom of the heat insulation buffer tank discharge screw (11) is provided with a heat insulation buffer tank bottom discharge port (20).
2. The fluidized bed biomass baking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the pre-drying silo body (1) is provided with a pre-drying silo dust collector (2) and the bottom is provided with a pre-drying silo hot air inlet (14). The top of the pre-drying silo dust collector (2) is provided with a pre-drying silo exhaust port (15). The hot air furnace body (8) and the washing tower body (9) are connected to the pre-drying silo hot air inlet (14) through pipes.
3. The fluidized bed biomass baking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the heat insulation buffer tank body (6) is provided with a heat insulation buffer tank dust collector (5).
4. The fluidized bed biomass baking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot blast stove body (8) is provided with a hot blast stove fuel gas inlet (24) and a hot blast stove combustion air inlet (25) on its side.
5. A fluidized bed biomass baking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The washing tower body (9) is equipped with a washing tower circulation pump (13), and a washing water discharge port (27) is provided in the pipeline connecting the washing tower circulation pump (13) and the washing tower body (9). A washing exhaust port (26) is provided at the top of the washing tower body (9).
6. The fluidized bed biomass baking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cyclone dust collector (4) is provided with a cyclone return material conveying port (19), and the cyclone return material conveying port (19) is connected to the fluidized bed body (3).
7. A fluidized bed biomass baking system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the insulated buffer tank dust collector (5) is provided with a flue gas outlet (22) at the top of the insulated buffer tank, and the top of the bag dust collector body (7) is provided with a flue gas outlet (23) at the top of the bag dust collector. Both the flue gas outlet (22) at the top of the insulated buffer tank and the flue gas outlet (23) at the top of the bag dust collector are connected to the pipeline between the bag dust collector body (7) and the circulating induced draft fan (12).