A battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device, including the explosion -suppression type test cabin, the explosion -suppression type test cabin front end left side is equipped with central control module, alarm signal receiver, bee calling organ and warning light, the built -in fixture platform of explosion -suppression type test cabin, this design has solved the existing detection structure only through external heating simulation, cannot reproduce the complex characteristics such as the heat production, gas production, voltage change caused by the internal short circuit, needle prick, overcharge etc. of many kinds of inducement in real thermal runaway, test working condition is not in accord with actual situation, leads to the problem of unreliable evaluation result, the utility model discloses heating, needle prick, overcharge trigger detection to battery through multimodal trigger, cooperate multiple sensor still can multidimensional monitoring to battery temperature, battery voltage, the gas in the cabin and the gas pressure in the cabin, and utilize the explosion -suppression type test cabin for containing the explosion, injection and flame that battery can occur, protect external personnel and equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model is a battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device, belonging to the field of battery technology. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal runaway is the most serious safety malfunction of lithium-ion batteries, and the reliability of its alarm function is directly related to personal and property safety. Therefore, the thermal runaway alarm performance of the BMS must be rigorously tested before it leaves the factory or is installed in a vehicle. Existing known structures (taking common detection devices as examples) include heat-triggered types: A heating plate or surface heating element is placed in close contact with the battery surface, and temperature is controlled by a program to simulate internal battery heating until an alarm is triggered. Structural characteristics: Typically includes a heat-insulated enclosure, a heating module, a temperature acquisition module (thermocouple), and a power / control system.

[0003] However, existing detection structures only simulate thermal runaway through external heating, which cannot reproduce the complex characteristics of heat generation, gas generation, and voltage changes caused by various factors such as internal short circuits, needle penetration, and overcharging in real thermal runaway. The test conditions do not match the actual situation, resulting in unreliable evaluation results. There is an urgent need for a battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device to solve the problems of single trigger mode, poor safety and insufficient evaluation dimensions of the existing battery thermal runaway detection, so as to achieve more realistic, safer and more comprehensive performance detection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a battery thermal runaway alarm performance testing device, comprising an explosion-suppressing test chamber. A central control module, an alarm signal receiver, a buzzer, and a warning light are installed on the left front end of the explosion-suppressing test chamber. A fixture platform is built into the explosion-suppressing test chamber, and a battery to be tested is placed on the upper part of the fixture platform. A BMS module is installed at the front end of the battery to be tested. A hydraulic push rod is installed at the left end inside the explosion-suppressing test chamber. A ceramicized silicone clamp is installed at the movable end of the hydraulic push rod. A temperature sensor and a voltage sensor are installed on the right upper part of the ceramicized silicone clamp. An electric telescopic rod is installed through the upper end of the explosion-suppressing test chamber. A ceramic needle is installed at the movable end of the electric telescopic rod, and the ceramic needle is positioned above the battery to be tested. A pressure relief valve, a pressure sensor, a gas sensor, and an electrically controlled valve are installed through the upper end of the explosion-suppressing test chamber. A perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher and an overcharge trigger module are installed on the left side of the upper end of the explosion-suppressing test chamber. An infrared heating array is installed on the rear side inside the explosion-suppressing test chamber.

[0006] Furthermore, an explosion suppression test chamber door is installed on the front right side of the explosion suppression test chamber via a hinge, and both the explosion suppression test chamber and the explosion suppression test chamber door are made of stainless steel.

[0007] Furthermore, the ceramicized silicone clamp abuts against the left end of the battery under test.

[0008] Furthermore, the refrigerant discharge end of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher is connected to an electrically controlled valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the overcharge triggering module is an integrated overcharge and over-discharge circuit module, and the integrated overcharge and over-discharge circuit module is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery under test via a high-strength cable.

[0010] Furthermore, the circuit on the upper left side of the battery under test is connected to the voltage sensor via high-temperature tape.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a battery thermal runaway alarm performance testing device. Because it incorporates a central control module, alarm signal receiver, explosion-suppressing test chamber, clamping platform, hydraulic push rod, ceramicized silicone clamping plate, electric telescopic rod, ceramic needle, pressure relief valve, pressure sensor, gas sensor, perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher, electrically controlled valve, overcharge triggering module, infrared heating array, temperature sensor, and voltage sensor, its structure is reasonable. It uses multi-modal triggering to detect battery heating, needle penetration, and overcharge triggering. With multiple sensors, it can also monitor battery temperature, battery voltage, internal gas, and internal pressure in multiple dimensions. The explosion-suppressing test chamber is used to contain potential battery explosions, sprays, and flames, protecting external personnel and equipment. A quick-release valve prevents damage from overpressure within the test chamber. The equipped perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing structure can extinguish open flames or extremely high temperatures. It can also trigger an alarm and provide a warning, making it highly practical. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Other features, objects, and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the closed structure of a battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the air pressure sensor in a battery thermal runaway alarm performance testing device according to this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the voltage sensor in a battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device according to this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device according to the present invention.

[0013] In the diagram: 1-Central control module, 2-Alarm signal receiver, 3-Buzzer, 4-Warning light, 5-Explosion suppression test chamber, 6-Explosion suppression test chamber door, 7-Clamping platform, 8-Battery under test, 9-BMS module, 10-Hydraulic push rod, 11-Ceramicized silicone clamp, 12-Electric telescopic rod, 13-Ceramic needle, 14-Pressure relief valve, 15-Gas pressure sensor, 16-Gas sensor, 17-Perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher, 18-Electrically controlled valve, 19-Overcharge trigger module, 20-Infrared heating array, 21-Temperature sensor, 22-Voltage sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0015] Please see Figures 1-5 This utility model provides a technical solution: a battery thermal runaway alarm performance testing device, including an explosion-proof test chamber 5. A central control module 1, an alarm signal receiver 2, a buzzer 3, and a warning light 4 are installed on the left side of the front end of the explosion-proof test chamber 5. A fixture platform 7 is built into the explosion-proof test chamber 5, and a battery to be tested 8 is placed on the upper end of the fixture platform 7. A BMS module 9 is installed at the front end of the battery to be tested 8. A hydraulic push rod 10 is installed on the left side inside the explosion-proof test chamber 5. A ceramicized silicone clamping plate 11 is installed on the movable end of the hydraulic push rod 10. A temperature sensor 21 and a voltage sensor 22 are installed on the upper right side of the ceramicized silicone clamping plate 11. An electric telescopic rod 12 is installed through the upper end of the explosion-proof test chamber 5. A ceramic needle 13 is installed at the movable end of the retractable rod 12, and the ceramic needle 13 is located above the battery under test 8. A pressure relief valve 14, a pressure sensor 15, a gas sensor 16, and an electronically controlled valve 18 are installed through the upper end of the explosion-suppressing test chamber 5. A perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher 17 and an overcharge trigger module 19 are installed on the upper left side of the explosion-suppressing test chamber 5. An infrared heating array 20 is installed inside the rear side of the explosion-suppressing test chamber 5. This design solves the problem that the existing detection structure can only simulate by external heating, which cannot reproduce the complex characteristics of heat generation, gas generation, and voltage changes caused by various factors such as internal short circuit, needle puncture, and overcharge in real thermal runaway. The test conditions do not match the actual situation, resulting in unreliable evaluation results.

[0016] As the first embodiment of this utility model: An explosion-suppressed test chamber door 6 is installed on the front right side of the explosion-suppressed test chamber 5 via a hinge. Both the explosion-suppressed test chamber 5 and the explosion-suppressed test chamber door 6 are made of stainless steel. Both are lined with explosion-proof material on their inner surfaces to contain potential explosions, ejections, and flames from the battery, protecting external personnel and equipment. A ceramicized silicone clamp 11 abuts against the left end of the battery under test 8. The ceramicized silicone clamp 11 and the fixture table 7 are made of the same material, ensuring that the battery under test 8 remains stable and insulated from the chamber during testing. The perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher 17 has its refrigerant discharge end connected to an electrically controlled valve 18. A nozzle is located at the lower end of the added electrically controlled valve 18, pointing towards the battery under test 8. When an open flame or extremely high temperature is detected, feedback is sent to the central control module 1, causing the central control module 1 to control the electrically controlled valve 18 to open the perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher 17, discharging perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire on the battery under test 8. It offers advantages such as high-efficiency fire extinguishing, insulation, and no damage to equipment. The overcharge trigger module 19 is an integrated overcharge and over-discharge circuit module, connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery under test 8 via a high-strength cable. This integrated overcharge and over-discharge circuit module can simulate electrical abuse by outputting an overcharge current (such as 1C-3C rate) to force overcharge the battery, triggering internal side reactions that generate heat and gas. The circuit on the upper left side of the battery under test 8 is connected to the voltage sensor 22 via high-temperature tape. The voltage sensor 22 can detect the internal voltage of the battery under test 8 in real time.

[0017] As a second embodiment of this utility model, the actual use involves the following steps: Step 1: Preparation and Installation The battery to be tested 8 (such as a ternary lithium battery cell) is installed on the fixture table, and the movable end of the hydraulic push rod 10 is controlled to move the ceramicized silicone clamping plate 11 to the right to clamp the battery to be tested 8.

[0018] The alarm signal receiver 2, buzzer 3, warning light 4, electric telescopic rod 12, air pressure sensor 15, gas sensor 16, electric valve 18, overcharge trigger module 19, infrared heating array 20, temperature sensor 21 and voltage sensor 22 are connected through the central control module 1. The communication interface (such as CAN bus) of the BMS module 9 is connected to the alarm signal receiver 2 of the device.

[0019] Install and calibrate the ceramic piercing needle 13 so that its tip is aligned with the designated piercing point of the battery 8 to be tested.

[0020] Close and lock the explosion-suppressing test chamber door 6.

[0021] Step 2: Parameter Settings Set the composite test parameters in the central control module 1 (i.e., the existing PLC central control software): Overcharge mode: Set the charging rate (e.g., 2C) and termination voltage (e.g., 5V) in the overcharge trigger module 19.

[0022] Needle puncture mode: Set the electric telescopic rod 12 to drive the ceramic needle 13 to insert at a speed (e.g., 10mm / s) and a depth (e.g., half the thickness of the battery cell).

[0023] Heating mode: Set the starting power and heating rate of the infrared heating array 20.

[0024] Safety thresholds: Set upper limit alarm values ​​for pressure, temperature, and gas concentration to provide feedback alarm signals to receiver 2 and central control module 1.

[0025] Termination conditions: Set BMS alarm trigger, voltage drop, or temperature reaching 300℃ as test stop conditions.

[0026] Step 3: Perform the test First, select the trigger mode (overcharge trigger mode, needle puncture trigger mode, infrared heating array) through the central control module 1 panel. If the overcharge trigger mode is activated: the system first activates the overcharge trigger module 19 (integrated overcharge and over-discharge circuit module) to force the battery to charge at a 2C rate. The software monitors the voltage and battery surface temperature in real time.

[0027] Trigger needle puncture trigger mode: When the battery voltage reaches the overcharge threshold (e.g., 4.8V) or the temperature begins to rise abnormally, the system immediately activates the electric telescopic rod 12, driving the ceramic needle 13 to puncture the battery under test 8 at a set speed, artificially creating an internal short circuit.

[0028] Synchronous heating: At the same time or shortly after the acupuncture, the infrared heating array 20 is activated to provide auxiliary heating to the area opposite the acupuncture point, thereby accelerating the spread of the thermal runaway chain reaction.

[0029] Gas sensor 16 captures the first surge in CO / H2 concentration (the earliest signal), temperature sensor 21 and voltage sensor 22 record the collapse of voltage plateaus and the exponential surge in temperature, and pressure sensor 15 monitors the pressure spike caused by the opening of pressure relief valve 14.

[0030] Alarm monitoring: Alarm signal receiver 2 monitors any alarm messages (such as the highest level alarm "thermal runaway") issued by BMS module 9 throughout the entire process.

[0031] Step 4: Safety Intervention and Termination Once the pressure sensor 15 detects that the pressure relief valve 14 is open, or the temperature sensor 21 detects that the temperature exceeds 250°C, the central control module 1 will control the buzzer 3 and the warning light 4 to issue an audible and visual warning.

[0032] If an open flame occurs, the central control module 1 will automatically or manually activate the electronically controlled valve 18 to open the perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher 17 and spray perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire on the battery 8 under test.

[0033] Once the test reaches the termination condition, the system automatically cuts off all trigger sources (stops charging, retracts the needle, and turns off heating).

[0034] Step 5: Data Analysis and Report Generation The central control module 1 automatically analyzes the time difference between the "first effective characteristic signal (usually a sudden increase in gas concentration)" and the "BMS alarm signal is issued", which is the alarm response time.

[0035] The central control module 1 uses its own central control system to generate a comprehensive report, which includes all sensor data curves, BMS alarm time markers, response time calculations, and video recordings of the test process (if any), thereby providing a comprehensive, objective, and quantitative evaluation of the thermal runaway alarm performance of the battery under test 8 and the BMS module 9.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A battery thermal runaway alarm performance testing device, comprising an explosion-suppressing test chamber (5), characterized in that: The explosion suppression test chamber (5) is equipped with a central control module (1), an alarm signal receiver (2), a buzzer (3), and a warning light (4) on the left front side. The explosion suppression test chamber (5) has a built-in fixture platform (7), on which the battery to be tested (8) is placed. The front end of the battery to be tested (8) is equipped with a BMS module (9). The explosion suppression test chamber (5) is equipped with a hydraulic push rod (10) on the left side inside. The movable end of the hydraulic push rod (10) is equipped with a ceramicized silicone clamp plate (11). The upper right side of the ceramicized silicone clamp plate (11) is equipped with a temperature sensor (21) and a voltage sensor (22). 22), an electric telescopic rod (12) is installed through the upper end of the explosion suppression test chamber (5), and a ceramic needle (13) is installed at the movable end of the electric telescopic rod (12), and the ceramic needle (13) is located above the battery (8) under test. A pressure relief valve (14), a pressure sensor (15), a gas sensor (16) and an electric control valve (18) are installed through the upper end of the explosion suppression test chamber (5). A perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher (17) and an overcharge trigger module (19) are installed on the left side of the upper end of the explosion suppression test chamber (5). An infrared heating array (20) is installed inside the rear side of the explosion suppression test chamber (5).

2. The battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion suppression test chamber (5) has an explosion suppression test chamber door (6) installed on the right side of the front end via a hinge. Both the explosion suppression test chamber (5) and the explosion suppression test chamber door (6) are made of stainless steel.

3. The battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramicized silicone clamp (11) abuts against the left end of the battery under test (8).

4. The battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perfluorohexanone fire extinguisher (17) has its refrigerant discharge end connected to the electrically controlled valve (18).

5. The battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overcharge trigger module (19) is an integrated overcharge and over-discharge circuit module, and the integrated overcharge and over-discharge circuit module is connected to the positive and negative tabs of the battery under test (8) through a high-strength cable.

6. The battery thermal runaway alarm performance detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit on the upper left side of the battery under test (8) is connected to the voltage sensor (22) via high-temperature tape.

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