A gear box bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheel set

Abstract

The utility model provides a gear box bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheel set belongs to railway locomotive vehicle wheel set assembly technical field, include: bearing baffle, stem and sleeve. Bearing baffle outer diameter is identical with bearing outer ring and can be individually inserted into clearance, avoid the whole structure because of oversize cannot operate, solve the problem that traditional tool cannot stretch into narrow clearance, while need not adopt the traditional way of vertical knock bearing, the compact layout of adaptation wheel set and gear box, sleeve along the stem sliding impact first fender, convert impact force into stable axial thrust, avoid the local damage caused by direct knock bearing, and need not remove wheel and can complete assembly, completely eliminate the risk of wheel, axle because of removal scrap, remarkablely save maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of railway locomotive and rolling stock wheelset assembly technology, and more specifically, relates to a gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets. Background Technology

[0002] As one of the main traction equipment on my country's railway trunk lines, the HXD3D electric locomotive's wheelset system undertakes the core functions of transmitting power and supporting the car body. The gearbox bearings that match the wheelsets are key components that ensure power transmission efficiency and driving safety. The assembly precision of the gearbox bearings directly affects the stability of bearing operation. If there are deviations in assembly, it is easy to cause abnormal bearing noise, overheating, accelerated wear and other faults. In severe cases, it may even lead to gearbox failure and threaten the locomotive's driving safety.

[0003] In the maintenance and assembly of HXD3D electric locomotive wheelsets, completing the gearbox bearing assembly without removing the wheels is a common goal in the industry. The traditional method of removing wheels requires the use of special removal equipment to disassemble the wheelset, which is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also carries the risk of damage to the mating surfaces of the wheels and axles. Once the mating surfaces are scratched or deformed, it will directly lead to the scrapping of the wheels and axles, significantly increasing maintenance costs.

[0004] However, due to the design limitations of the wheelset structure of the HXD3D electric locomotive, the gap between the wheel and the gearbox housing is extremely small when the wheel is not removed. This narrow space presents two major technical challenges for the assembly of the gearbox bearings: First, the traditional vertical hammering method used for bearing assembly cannot be implemented. Conventional hammering tools are too large to fit into the gap, and even if they are forced in, it is difficult to ensure that the hammering force acts perpendicularly on the bearing outer ring end face. This can easily cause the bearing outer ring to tilt and get stuck in the gearbox inner hole, making it impossible to assemble properly and potentially scratching the mating surface of the gearbox inner hole, thus compromising the inner hole's precision. Second, the design gap between the outer ring of the gearbox drive gear bearing and the gearbox inner hole is small, making it extremely difficult to control the coaxiality of the bearing outer ring and the gearbox inner hole during assembly. If they are not concentric, a much larger external force is required to push the bearing outer ring into the gearbox bearing retainer. Excessive external force can easily cause local stress concentration on the bearing outer ring, leading to hidden faults such as bearing raceway deformation and cage damage, thus shortening the bearing's service life.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies for assembling gearbox bearings on HXD3D electric locomotive wheelsets without removing the wheels generally suffer from poor tool compatibility, low assembly accuracy, low work efficiency, high cost, and high safety risks. There is an urgent need for a specialized tool that can adapt to confined spaces, ensure coaxiality, and transmit stable assembly forces to solve the above-mentioned technical pain points. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D electric locomotive wheelsets, solving the technical problems of limited assembly space for gearbox bearings, misalignment of the bearing outer ring with the gearbox inner hole, and uneven force transmission leading to bearing damage or incomplete assembly when the wheels of HXD3D electric locomotive wheelsets are not removed.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets, comprising:

[0008] A bearing baffle, wherein the outer diameter of the bearing baffle is the same as the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring, and can be inserted separately into the gap between the wheel and the gearbox;

[0009] The rod body has one end detachably connected to the bearing baffle, and the other end of the rod body is fixedly provided with a first stop edge;

[0010] The sleeve is slidably fitted onto the rod body and can move along the axial direction of the rod body and impact the first stop.

[0011] Optionally, the bearing baffle is provided with a stop structure, and the inner diameter of the stop structure is the same as the inner diameter of the bearing outer ring, and the outer diameter of the stop structure is the same as the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring.

[0012] Optionally, one end of the rod is provided with a threaded section, the bearing baffle is provided with a threaded hole in the center, and the rod is screwed into the bearing baffle.

[0013] Optionally, the height of the stop structure is 3mm-8mm.

[0014] Optionally, the overall thickness of the bearing baffle is not less than 5 mm, and the thickness of the stop structure is not less than 1 / 3 of the overall thickness of the bearing baffle.

[0015] Optionally, the length of the threaded section is not less than 20 mm.

[0016] Optionally, the length of the sleeve is 100mm-150mm.

[0017] Optionally, the inner diameter of the sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the rod;

[0018] The outer diameter of the first flange is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve.

[0019] Optionally, a second stop is provided between one end and the other end of the rod.

[0020] Optionally, the outer diameter of the second flange is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: It provides a gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D electric locomotive wheelsets, comprising: a bearing baffle, a rod, and a sleeve. The outer diameter of the bearing baffle is consistent with the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring and can be inserted into the gap between the wheel and the gearbox independently. One end of the rod is detachably connected to the bearing baffle, and the other end of the rod is fixedly provided with a first stop. The sleeve is slidably sleeved on the rod and can move along the axial direction of the rod and impact the first stop. The outer diameter of the bearing baffle is consistent with the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring and can be inserted into the gap independently, avoiding the problem that the overall structure is too large to operate and solving the problem that traditional tools cannot reach into narrow gaps. At the same time, it eliminates the need for the traditional method of vertically striking the bearing, adapting to the compact layout of the wheelset and gearbox. The sleeve slides along the rod and impacts the first stop, converting the impact force into a stable axial thrust, avoiding local damage caused by directly striking the bearing. Furthermore, assembly can be completed without removing the wheel, completely eliminating the risk of scrapping the wheel and axle due to removal, and significantly saving maintenance costs.

[0022] Other features and advantages of this invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.

[0024] Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention for HX is shown. D A schematic structural diagram of a gearbox bearing assembly tool for a 3D electric locomotive wheelset.

[0025] Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention for HX is shown. D A schematic diagram illustrating the use of a 3D electric locomotive wheelset gearbox bearing assembly tool.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1. Bearing baffle; 11. Stop structure;

[0028] 2. Rod body; 21. First stop; 22. Second stop;

[0029] 3. Sleeve;

[0030] 4. Bearing outer ring;

[0031] 5. Wheels;

[0032] 6. Gearbox. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0034] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets, including:

[0035] Bearing baffle 1, the outer diameter of bearing baffle 1 is the same as the outer diameter of bearing outer ring 4, and can be inserted into the gap between wheel 5 and gearbox 6.

[0036] Rod 2, one end of rod 2 is detachably connected to bearing baffle 1, and the other end of rod 2 is fixedly provided with first baffle 21;

[0037] The sleeve 3 is slidably sleeved on the rod 2 and can move along the axial direction of the rod 2 and impact the first stop 21.

[0038] Specifically, the outer diameter of the bearing baffle 1 is the same as that of the bearing outer ring 4 and can be inserted into the gap separately, avoiding the inability to operate the overall structure due to its large size and solving the problem that traditional tools cannot reach into narrow gaps; at the same time, there is no need to use the traditional method of vertically striking the bearing, which is suitable for the compact layout of the wheelset and gearbox 6; the sleeve 3 slides along the rod 2 to strike the first stop 21, converting the impact force into a stable axial thrust, avoiding local damage caused by directly striking the bearing; and assembly can be completed without removing the wheel 5, completely eliminating the risk of the wheel 5 and axle being scrapped due to removal, and significantly saving maintenance costs.

[0039] Optionally, the bearing baffle 1 is provided with a stop structure 11, and the inner diameter of the stop structure 11 is the same as the inner diameter of the bearing outer ring 4, and the outer diameter of the stop structure 11 is the same as the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring 4.

[0040] Specifically, the stop structure 11 mates with the outer ring 4 of the bearing, and the two remain coaxial, which fundamentally avoids problems such as jamming and scratches on the inner hole of the gearbox 6 caused by eccentricity during bearing assembly, and ensures that the bearing is accurately pushed along the axis. The annular contact surface of the stop replaces the traditional point contact to transmit force, so that the thrust generated by the impact of the sleeve 3 is evenly distributed on the end face of the outer ring 4 of the bearing, avoiding bearing cracks and deformation caused by local stress concentration, and greatly improving the assembly quality and bearing service life.

[0041] Optionally, one end of the rod body 2 is provided with a threaded section, and the bearing baffle 1 is provided with a threaded hole in the center, and the rod body 2 is screwed into the bearing baffle 1.

[0042] Specifically, the threaded connection forms a rigid connection that can withstand the axial force generated by repeated impacts of the sleeve 3, preventing the rod 2 and the baffle from loosening during assembly, ensuring that the impact force is transmitted to the bearing without loss, and improving assembly efficiency. In a confined space, there is no need to use auxiliary tools such as wrenches; assembly and disassembly can be completed simply by manually screwing the rod 2 in and out, further shortening the operation time.

[0043] Optionally, the height of the stop structure 11 is 3mm-8mm.

[0044] Specifically, a height of 3mm or more can prevent the stop from bending or deforming under impact, ensuring that it always maintains the fitting accuracy with the outer ring 4 of the bearing and preventing assembly deviations caused by damage to the stop; a height of less than 8mm can prevent the stop structure 11 from colliding with the wheel hub of the wheel 5, the end cover of the gearbox 6 and other surrounding components in the narrow gap between the wheel 5 and the gearbox 6, ensuring that the tool can smoothly enter the gap to complete the assembly without affecting the safety of other components.

[0045] Optionally, the overall thickness of the bearing baffle 1 is not less than 5 mm, and the thickness of the stop structure 11 is not less than 1 / 3 of the overall thickness of the bearing baffle 1.

[0046] Specifically, a baffle thickness of ≥5mm can withstand the impact force transmitted by the sleeve 3, preventing the baffle from breaking due to thinness and brittleness, extending the tool's service life, and reducing later maintenance and replacement costs; the thickness of the stop is not less than 1 / 3, making the stop a reinforced stress area of ​​the baffle, preventing the stop from collapsing when it is too thin when it is in contact with the outer ring 4 of the bearing, and ensuring that the coaxial positioning accuracy and the uniformity of impact force transmission do not fail.

[0047] Optionally, the length of the threaded section shall not be less than 20 mm.

[0048] Specifically, a sufficient thread engagement length (≥20mm) can enhance the connection strength between the rod 2 and the baffle, avoid problems such as thread stripping and disengagement during repeated impacts of the sleeve 3, and ensure that the tool remains stable throughout the assembly process.

[0049] Optionally, the length of sleeve 3 is 100mm-150mm.

[0050] Specifically, a length of 100mm or more makes it easy for operators to hold the sleeve with both hands, avoiding concentrated force on the hands due to an excessively short sleeve 3; a length of less than 150mm can control the weight of the sleeve 3, avoiding excessive weight that could cause operator fatigue, and is suitable for long-term on-site operations; this length range allows the sleeve 3 to form a reasonable acceleration distance when sliding, and when it hits the first stop 21, it can generate a sufficient impact force to push the outer ring 4 of the bearing, without requiring the operator to apply excessive force, thus significantly reducing labor intensity.

[0051] Optionally, the inner diameter of the sleeve 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the rod 2;

[0052] The outer diameter of the first retaining edge 21 is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve 3.

[0053] Specifically, the inner diameter of the sleeve 3 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rod 2, which can prevent the two from sliding and getting stuck due to the small gap between them, improve the smoothness of operation, and reduce the interruption time in the assembly process; the outer diameter of the first stop 21 is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve 3, which can completely block the sliding of the sleeve 3, so that the impact force of the sleeve 3 is transmitted to the rod 2, ensuring that each impact can effectively push the outer ring 4 of the bearing and avoid energy waste.

[0054] Optionally, a second stop 22 is provided between one end of the rod 2 and the other end.

[0055] Specifically, the second stop 22 can limit the sliding range of the sleeve 3, preventing the sleeve 3 from sliding towards the gap between the wheel 5 and the gearbox 6 during reciprocating impacts, and impacting the end cover of the gearbox 6 or the outer ring 4 of the bearing, thus protecting the core components such as the gearbox 6 and the bearing from accidental damage. Operators do not need to frequently visually confirm the position of the sleeve 3, but only need to slide the sleeve 3 back and forth between the second stop 22 and the first stop 21, which is especially suitable for working scenarios with obstructed vision in confined spaces, reducing the rate of operational errors.

[0056] Optionally, the outer diameter of the second flange 22 is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve 3.

[0057] Specifically, the outer diameter of the second stop 22 is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve 3, which can form a rigid physical barrier to prevent the sleeve 3 from sliding over the second stop 22 due to excessive impact force or operational errors, thus completely eliminating the risk of the sleeve 3 hitting the gap side components.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the working principle and usage method of the gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D electric locomotive wheelsets in this embodiment are as follows:

[0059] This assembly tool is based on the core logic of coaxial positioning, indirect force transmission, and adaptation to confined spaces. It specifically addresses the pain points of the HXD3D electric motor wheel pair assembly scenario, such as small gaps between wheel 5 and gearbox 6, easy bearing misalignment, and difficulty in force transmission. Specifically, the bearing baffle 1's stop structure 11, with its inner and outer diameters perfectly aligned with the bearing outer ring 4, ensures coaxiality. Simultaneously, the bearing baffle 1 can smoothly extend into narrow gaps without interfering with surrounding components such as wheel 5 and gearbox 6, thus fundamentally avoiding bearing assembly misalignment issues. Force transmission is achieved through a complete chain of sleeve 3-sidewall-rod 2-baffle-bearing. The sleeve 3 slides axially along the rod 2 and impacts the first sidewall 21 at the end of the rod 2, generating an axial impact force through inertia. This impact force is transmitted through the rod 2 to the bearing baffle 1, and then evenly applied through the stop structure 11. The bearing outer ring 4 moves along the axis of the inner hole of the gearbox 6, replacing the traditional vertical hammering method to achieve efficient assembly. For operation in confined spaces, the rod 2 and the bearing baffle 1 adopt a detachable design, allowing the bearing baffle 1 to be inserted into the gap for positioning before connecting the rod 2 from the non-wheel side of the gearbox 6, avoiding overall structural jamming. At the same time, the second stop 22 in the middle of the rod 2 can limit the sliding range of the sleeve 3 and prevent the sleeve 3 from sliding to the gap side and hitting the gearbox 6 or the bearing. It can also simplify the operation and positioning of the operator in the case of obstructed vision, further improving the safety and convenience of use.

[0060] During use, two operators are required to work together, one on the wheel 5 side and the other on the non-wheel side of the gearbox 6. The wheel 5 does not need to be removed during the entire process. First, the operator on the wheel 5 side cleans the inner hole of the gearbox 6 and the surface of the bearing outer ring 4 to prevent impurities from causing assembly jamming. Then, the operator manually pushes the bearing outer ring 4 into the inner hole of the gearbox 6 on the wheel 5 side, initially positioning it against the starting end of the gearbox 6 inner hole. Next, the operator on the wheel 5 side holds the bearing baffle 1 and aligns the baffle's stop structure 11 with the pre-positioned bearing outer ring 4, using dimensional matching to align the stop with the bearing outer ring 4, ensuring a gap-free fit to maintain coaxiality, thus completing the positioning of the bearing baffle 1. Afterwards, the operator on the non-wheel side holds the rod 2 and aligns the threaded end of the rod 2 with the gearbox. 6. Insert the non-wheel-side hole and manually rotate it to screw the threaded section into the threaded hole in the center of the bearing baffle 1. After the screwing is completed and the operator on the wheel 5 side confirms that the bearing baffle 1 is supported by the rod 2 without shaking, the main body of the tool is assembled. Next, the operator on the non-wheel side holds the sleeve 3 with both hands and slides it back and forth along the axial direction of the rod 2, so that the sleeve 3 continuously hits the first stop 21 at the end of the rod 2, driving the outer ring 4 of the bearing to move to the working position, completing the assembly. Finally, the operator on the non-wheel side rotates the rod 2 in the opposite direction and removes it, and the operator on the wheel 5 side removes the bearing baffle 1, completing the complete disassembly of the tool. Then, clean the impurities on the tool surface for future use.

[0061] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A tool for assembling gearbox bearings for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets, characterized in that, include: The bearing baffle (1) has an outer diameter that is the same as the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring (4) and can be inserted into the gap between the wheel (5) and the gearbox (6) separately. The rod (2) has one end detachably connected to the bearing baffle (1) and the other end of the rod (2) is fixedly provided with a first baffle (21); The sleeve (3) is slidably sleeved on the rod (2) and can move along the axial direction of the rod (2) and strike the first stop (21).

2. The gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing baffle (1) is provided with a stop structure (11), and the inner diameter of the stop structure (11) is consistent with the inner diameter of the bearing outer ring (4), and the outer diameter of the stop structure (11) is consistent with the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring (4).

3. The gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the rod (2) is provided with a threaded section, and the center of the bearing baffle (1) is provided with a threaded hole. The rod (2) is screwed into the bearing baffle (1).

4. The gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the stop structure (11) is 3mm-8mm.

5. The gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets according to claim 2, characterized in that, The overall thickness of the bearing baffle (1) is not less than 5 mm, and the thickness of the stop structure (11) is not less than 1 / 3 of the overall thickness of the bearing baffle (1).

6. The gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the threaded section is not less than 20mm.

7. The gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the sleeve (3) is 100mm-150mm.

8. The gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the sleeve (3) is larger than the outer diameter of the rod (2); The outer diameter of the first flange (21) is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve (3).

9. The gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second stop (22) is provided between one end of the rod (2) and the other end.

10. The gearbox bearing assembly tool for HXD3D type electric locomotive wheelsets according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the second flange (22) is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve (3).

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