Novel low-rank coal low-temperature dry distillation furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to low rank coal low temperature dry distillation furnace technical field, concretely is a kind of new low rank coal low temperature dry distillation furnace, including dry distillation furnace body, processing mechanism, exhaust pipe and heat preservation box, the right end of dry distillation furnace body is equipped with processing mechanism, the processing mechanism includes incineration subassembly and preheating component, the gas of dry distillation furnace body is burned at high temperature by incineration subassembly, the heat generated by incineration is used to preheat the low rank coal in the preheating component, the top end of dry distillation furnace body is connected preheating component by exhaust pipe, and the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas can be burned at high temperature in the incineration pipe of preheating mechanism, kill simultaneously, the high-temperature gas after disinfection can be discharged into the conical hopper in preheating mechanism and preheated to the low rank coal after dehydration, it is convenient to put into dry distillation furnace body in subsequent temperature increase, to effectively improve the production efficiency of dry distillation furnace body, save time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of low-temperature carbonization furnaces for low-rank coal, specifically a novel low-temperature carbonization furnace for low-rank coal. Background Technology

[0002] The high volatile matter content of low-rank coal endows it with unique value for conversion and utilization. Through low-temperature dry distillation technology (dry distillation temperature 500-700℃), low-rank coal can be converted into semi-coke (solid product, with calorific value increased to 28-32 MJ / kg, which can be used as high-quality power coal, gasification feedstock or ironmaking reducing agent), coal tar (liquid product, rich in aromatics, phenols and other chemical raw materials, which can be further processed into diesel, gasoline, asphalt and other products), and coal gas (gaseous product, mainly composed of H2, CH4 and CO, which can be used as industrial fuel or chemical synthesis raw material), realizing the multi-product of "coal-coke-oil-gas", increasing the comprehensive utilization rate of resources to over 85%, and increasing the economic value by 2-3 times compared to direct combustion, becoming the core path for the clean and efficient utilization of low-rank coal; For example, CN205501190U discloses a novel low-temperature carbonization furnace for low-rank coal, including a furnace body, a feeding device, and a slag discharge device. The furnace body is divided into an upper carbonization chamber and a lower gasification chamber by arched legs in the middle. The upper part of the carbonization chamber is equipped with a collection umbrella and a carbonization product channel. A baffle distributor is provided in the middle of the carbonization chamber, and a conical gas distribution chamber is provided at the bottom. The middle part of the conical gas distribution chamber is connected to the thermal gas inlet, and the upper part is connected to the carbonization chamber. The bottom of the gasification chamber is equipped with a tree-shaped tube gas distributor connected to the gas inlet. It has the following advantages: 1. The gasification chamber uses a tree-shaped tube gas distributor, which makes the gas distribution more uniform and improves the operational flexibility. 2. The carbonization chamber uses a conical gas distribution chamber to introduce thermal circulating gas, which reduces the gas resistance of the thermal circulating gas and makes the distribution more uniform. 3. The dry distillation chamber uses a baffle distributor to distribute the material, ensuring uniform contact between the material and the circulating gas, resulting in a balanced dry distillation temperature and avoiding problems such as channeling, melting, and coking. However, existing equipment lacks an effective tail gas treatment system when dry distilling low-rank coal. Toxic and harmful gases such as H2S, NH3, and phenols are directly emitted during the dry distillation process, causing serious air and water pollution. At the same time, low-rank coal is at a low temperature after dehydration pretreatment, which inevitably requires a long heating time during low-temperature furnace dry distillation, resulting in low efficiency. Therefore, it is urgent to design a new type of low-temperature dry distillation furnace for low-rank coal to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel low-temperature carbonization furnace for low-rank coal, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the lack of an effective tail gas treatment system during the carbonization of low-rank coal, the direct emission of toxic and harmful gases such as H2S, NH3, and phenols during the carbonization process, which causes serious air and water pollution, and the fact that low-rank coal is at a low temperature after dehydration pretreatment, which inevitably requires a long heating time and results in low efficiency during low-temperature furnace carbonization.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a novel low-temperature carbonization furnace for low-rank coal, comprising a carbonization furnace body, a processing mechanism, an exhaust pipe, and an insulation box. The processing mechanism is located at the right end of the carbonization furnace body. The processing mechanism includes a combustion component and a preheating component. The combustion component performs high-temperature combustion on the gas discharged from the carbonization furnace body. The preheating component preheats the low-rank coal inside using the heat generated by combustion. After the preheating component preheats the low-rank coal, it can be transported to the insulation box for temporary storage. The low-rank coal stored in the insulation box is used for feeding the carbonization furnace body. The top of the carbonization furnace body is connected to the preheating component through the exhaust pipe.

[0005] Preferably, the processing mechanism includes an operating box, a support frame, an incineration component, and a preheating component. The support frame is fixed on both sides of the bottom end of the operating box. The incineration component is installed on the left side inside the operating box, and the preheating component is installed on the right side of the operating box. The bottom end of the preheating component extends to connect to an insulation box.

[0006] Preferably, the control box has a partition plate at its center for sealing and spacing, an extension opening is provided on the lower right side of the inside of the control box, and a feed inlet is provided on the right side of the top of the control box, which facilitates the feeding of low-rank coal.

[0007] Preferably, the preheating component includes a conical hopper and a second solenoid valve. The bottom end of the conical hopper is connected to the extension port, and the second solenoid valve is installed at the bottom end of the conical hopper. A rotating shaft is provided at the center of the conical hopper, and the top end of the rotating shaft extends to the top of the operating box. The rotating shaft is driven by a servo motor, and multiple sets of stirring rods are installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft.

[0008] Preferably, a flow-limiting circular plate is fixed on the upper side of the center of the rotating shaft. The flow-limiting circular plate rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft. Two sets of venting circular holes are opened in parallel on the surface of the flow-limiting circular plate. A combustion tube is provided at the bottom end of the left venting circular hole. Two sets of fixing plates are provided on the left side of the combustion tube for fixing. An extension tube is fixed at the bottom end of the combustion tube.

[0009] Preferably, the combustion assembly includes a fuel cylinder and a jet pipe. The jet pipe is installed on the top right side of the fuel cylinder, a first solenoid valve is installed at the center of the jet pipe, the right end of the jet pipe extends into the combustion pipe, and an ignition nozzle is installed inside the jet pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the insulated box has a discharge port at the top, which is connected to the bottom of the conical hopper. The inside of the insulated box is lined with an insulation layer, and the front of the insulated box can be used to remove materials.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This novel low-temperature carbonization furnace for low-rank coal uses an exhaust pipe to transport the waste gas generated by the furnace body to the combustion components. The waste gas is then burned at high temperature in the combustion tubes of the preheating mechanism, which eliminates the waste gas in the exhaust gas. At the same time, the high-temperature gas after elimination can be discharged into the conical hopper of the preheating mechanism to preheat the dehydrated low-rank coal, which is more suitable for subsequent feeding into the carbonization furnace body to increase the temperature, thereby effectively improving the production efficiency of the carbonization furnace body and saving time.

[0012] This novel low-temperature carbonization furnace for low-rank coal uses a rotating shaft driven by a servo motor to rotate a synchronously rotating flow-limiting circular plate. The two sets of venting holes on the flow-limiting circular plate allow the exhaust gas to be discharged in stages, facilitating stable combustion of the combustion components, improving combustion efficiency, and reducing exhaust emissions. The rotating shaft also synchronously drives multiple sets of stirring rods on the bottom side to stir the low-rank coal in the conical hopper, thereby improving preheating efficiency. The insulation layer installed in the insulation box facilitates the insulation of the low-rank coal, making it easier to feed the carbonization furnace body. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the crossbar installation of this utility model; Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the limiting component structure in the support column of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a top view of the conveyor chassis of this utility model; Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the front end of the transmission rod of this utility model.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Carbonization furnace body; 2. Processing mechanism; 21. Control box; 211. Partition plate; 212. Extension port; 213. Feed port; 22. Support frame; 23. Combustion assembly; 231. Fuel cylinder; 232. Jet pipe; 233. First solenoid valve; 234. Ignition nozzle; 24. Preheating assembly; 241. Conical hopper; 242. Second solenoid valve; 243. Rotating shaft; 244. Stirring rod; 245. Servo motor; 246. Flow limiting circular plate; 2461. Ventilation hole; 247. Combustion tube; 248. Fixing plate; 249. Extension tube; 3. Exhaust pipe; 4. Insulation box; 411. Feed port; 412. Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] Please see Figures 1-5 One embodiment provided by this utility model: A novel low-temperature carbonization furnace for low-rank coal is disclosed in this application. The servo motor 245 and the furnace body 1 used in this application are commercially available products. Their principles and connection methods are existing technologies well known to those skilled in the art. The furnace body 1 includes a processing mechanism 2, an exhaust pipe 3, and an insulation box 4. The processing mechanism 2 is located at the right end of the furnace body 1. The processing mechanism 2 includes a combustion component 23 and a preheating component 24. The combustion component 23 performs high-temperature combustion on the gas discharged from the furnace body 1. The preheating component 24 preheats the low-rank coal inside using the heat generated by combustion. After the preheating component 24 preheats the low-rank coal, it can be transported to the insulation box 4 for temporary storage. The low-rank coal stored in the insulation box 4 is used to feed the furnace body 1. The top of the furnace body 1 is connected to the preheating component 24 through the exhaust pipe 3.

[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, the processing mechanism 2 includes an operation box 21, a support frame 22, an incineration component 23, and a preheating component 24. The support frame 22 is fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom end of the operation box 21. The incineration component 23 is installed on the left side inside the operation box 21, and the preheating component 24 is installed on the right side of the operation box 21. The bottom end of the preheating component 24 extends and connects to the insulation box 4. A partition plate 211 is provided in the center of the operation box 21 for sealing and spacing. An extension port 212 is opened on the lower right side inside the operation box 21, and a feed port 213 is opened on the right side of the top of the operation box 21. The feed port 213 facilitates the feeding of low-rank coal. Through the above design, it can be linked to facilitate the treatment of the generated waste gas.

[0018] Furthermore, the preheating component 24 includes a conical hopper 241 and a second solenoid valve 242. The bottom end of the conical hopper 241 is connected to the extension port 212. The second solenoid valve 242 is installed at the bottom end of the conical hopper 241. A rotating shaft 243 is provided at the center of the conical hopper 241. The top end of the rotating shaft 243 extends to the top of the control box 21. The rotating shaft 243 is driven by a servo motor 245. Multiple sets of stirring rods 244 are installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 243. A flow-limiting circular plate 246 is fixed on the upper side of the center of the rotating shaft 243. The flow-limiting circular plate 246 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 243. Two sets of venting holes 2461 are opened in parallel on the surface of the flow-limiting circular plate 246. A combustion tube 247 is provided at the bottom end of the left venting hole 2461. Two sets of fixing plates 248 are provided on the left side of the combustion tube 247 for fixing. An extension tube 249 is fixed at the bottom end of the combustion tube 247. Through the above design, it is convenient to stir the low-rank coal and improve the preheating efficiency.

[0019] As a further improvement of this utility model, the incineration assembly 23 includes a fuel cylinder 231 and a jet pipe 232. The jet pipe 232 is installed on the top right side of the fuel cylinder 231. A first solenoid valve 233 is installed in the center of the jet pipe 232. The right end of the jet pipe 232 extends into the incineration tube 247. An ignition nozzle 234 is installed inside the jet pipe 232 to facilitate continuous combustion of waste gas, thereby reducing waste gas emissions and protecting the environment.

[0020] Furthermore, a discharge port 411 is opened at the top of the insulation box 4, which is connected to the bottom of the conical hopper 241. The interior of the insulation box 4 is lined with an insulation layer 412, and the front end of the insulation box 4 can be used to remove material. This design can keep low-rank coal warm for a long time, which is convenient for the subsequent discharge of material from the dry distillation furnace body and improves the efficiency of use.

[0021] Working principle: During use, the operator first feeds a batch of low-rank coal into the conical hopper 241 through the feed inlet 213 on the right side of the top of the control box 21, and then seals the feed inlet 213. When the exhaust gas generated by the operation of the dry distillation furnace body 1 is discharged, it can be transported to the control box 21 on the right side through the exhaust pipe 3 at the top. At the same time, the servo motor 245 drives the rotating shaft 243 to rotate. When the rotating shaft 243 rotates, it drives the flow-limiting circular plate 246 and multiple sets of stirring rods 244 to rotate. When the flow-limiting circular plate 246 rotates, it can pass through the two sets of vent holes 2461 in sections. The waste gas is transported into the incineration tube 247. Under the control of the first solenoid valve 233, the waste gas can be incinerated through the ignition nozzle 234. After the polluting gases in the waste gas are consumed, the high-temperature gas flow generated can be discharged onto the low-rank coal in the bottom conical hopper 241 for preheating. After the rotating shaft 243 stirs the low-rank coal and heats it fully, the second solenoid valve 242 is activated to put the low-rank coal into the heat preservation box 4 for heat preservation. When the dry distillation furnace body 1 needs to be discharged, it can be taken out from the heat preservation box 4. The above is the complete working principle of this utility model.

[0022] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A novel low-rank coal low-temperature dry distillation furnace, comprising a dry distillation furnace body (1), a treatment mechanism (2), an exhaust pipe (3) and a heat preservation box (4), characterized in that: The right end of the carbonization furnace body (1) is provided with a processing mechanism (2). The processing mechanism (2) includes a combustion component (23) and a preheating component (24). The combustion component (23) performs high-temperature combustion on the gas discharged from the carbonization furnace body (1). The preheating component (24) preheats the low-rank coal inside using the heat generated by combustion. After the preheating component (24) predicts the low-rank coal, it can be transported to the insulation box (4) for temporary storage. The low-rank coal stored in the insulation box (4) is used for feeding the carbonization furnace body (1). The top of the carbonization furnace body (1) is connected to the preheating component (24) through an exhaust pipe (3).

2. A novel low-rank coal low-temperature dry distillation furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing mechanism (2) includes an operation box (21), a support frame (22), an incineration component (23), and a preheating component (24). The support frame (22) is fixed on both sides of the bottom end of the operation box (21). The incineration component (23) is installed on the left side inside the operation box (21), and the preheating component (24) is installed on the right side of the operation box (21). The bottom end of the preheating component (24) extends to connect to the insulation box (4).

3. A novel low-rank coal low-temperature dry distillation furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center of the operating box (21) is provided with a partition plate (211) for sealing and spacing. An extension opening (212) is opened on the lower right side of the interior of the operating box (21). A feed inlet (213) is opened on the right side of the top of the operating box (21). The feed inlet (213) facilitates the feeding of low-rank coal.

4. The novel low-rank coal low-temperature dry distillation furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating component (24) includes a conical hopper (241) and a second solenoid valve (242). The bottom end of the conical hopper (241) is connected to the extension port (212). The bottom end of the conical hopper (241) is equipped with the second solenoid valve (242). The center of the conical hopper (241) is provided with a rotating shaft (243). The top end of the rotating shaft (243) extends to the top of the operating box (21). The rotating shaft (243) is driven by a servo motor (245). Multiple sets of stirring rods (244) are installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft (243).

5. The novel low-rank coal low-temperature dry distillation furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: A flow-limiting circular plate (246) is fixed on the upper side of the center of the rotating shaft (243). The flow-limiting circular plate (246) rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft (243). Two sets of ventilation holes (2461) are opened in parallel on the surface of the flow-limiting circular plate (246). A combustion tube (247) is provided at the bottom end of the ventilation hole (2461) on the left side. Two sets of fixing plates (248) are provided on the left side of the combustion tube (247) for fixing. An extension tube (249) is fixed at the bottom end of the combustion tube (247).

6. A novel low-rank coal low-temperature dry distillation furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion assembly (23) includes a fuel cylinder (231) and a jet pipe (232). The jet pipe (232) is installed on the right side of the top of the fuel cylinder (231). A first solenoid valve (233) is installed in the center of the jet pipe (232). The right end of the jet pipe (232) extends into the combustion tube (247). An ignition nozzle (234) is installed inside the jet pipe (232).

7. A novel low-temperature carbonization furnace for low-rank coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the insulated box (4) has a discharge port (411) which is connected to the bottom of the conical bucket (241). The inside of the insulated box (4) is covered with an insulation layer (412). The front of the insulated box (4) can be used to take out materials.

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