A dual-flow channel liquid cooling end cover
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202620148960.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2036-02-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing liquid-cooled end caps suffer from insufficient heat exchange area, difficulty in balancing flow resistance and heat exchange, and poor cooling uniformity, which makes it difficult to effectively dissipate heat at the motor end, affecting the reliability and lifespan of the motor.
It adopts a dual-channel design, including independent upper and lower channels and damping heat-conducting columns. The coolant circulates and exchanges heat multiple times through the dual channels. Combined with thermally conductive metal materials, it improves cooling uniformity and heat exchange efficiency.
It significantly enhances the heat dissipation capacity of the motor end face, solves the problem of local hot spots, improves the operating stability and lifespan of the motor, and simplifies the structure and reduces the risk of leakage.
Smart Images
Figure CN224935516U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of end-face heat dissipation and cooling technology, specifically to a dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap that can efficiently dissipate heat from the heating end face of a motor. Background Technology
[0002] As motor technology advances towards higher power density and integration, the heat generated during motor operation is increasing. This is especially true for high-speed motors or permanent magnet synchronous motors, where significant heat generation occurs at the ends of the stator windings and in the bearing areas. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, it will lead to excessively high internal temperatures, reducing the lifespan of insulation materials, affecting the magnetic properties of permanent magnets, and even burning out the motor. Therefore, an efficient cooling system is crucial for ensuring reliable motor operation.
[0003] Existing motor cooling methods mainly include air cooling and liquid cooling. Air cooling has a simple structure but low heat dissipation efficiency, making it difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power motors. Liquid cooling is widely used due to its high heat dissipation coefficient and good cooling effect. In liquid-cooled motors, the most common structure is to install a water-cooling jacket on the outside of the motor housing, with coolant flowing through the housing to carry away the heat from the stator core. However, this housing-based water cooling method has limited cooling effect on the motor ends (winding ends and near bearings). To solve the problem of heat dissipation at the motor ends, a liquid-cooled end cover has emerged in the prior art. This involves machining flow channels inside the motor end cover, allowing coolant to flow directly through the inside of the end cover and absorb heat at the ends through heat conduction.
[0004] However, existing liquid-cooled end cap technology still has the following shortcomings:
[0005] Insufficient heat exchange area: Existing liquid-cooled end cap flow channels are mostly simple single flow channels or cavity structures, with limited contact area between the coolant and the inner wall of the end cap, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency.
[0006] Balancing flow resistance and heat transfer is challenging: To increase the heat exchange area, some existing technologies attempt to increase the flow channel length, but this often leads to excessive flow resistance and increased pump power consumption. Simple straight-through flow channels suffer from a coolant "short-circuit" phenomenon, meaning the coolant flows out before sufficient heat exchange, resulting in low cooling utilization.
[0007] Poor cooling uniformity: The single flow channel design can easily lead to large temperature differences in different areas of the end cover, making it difficult to eliminate local hot spots, which affects the smoothness of motor operation and its lifespan.
[0008] Lack of internal turbulence structure: The inner wall of the flow channel in the existing technology is usually relatively smooth, the coolant is in a laminar or low turbulent state, the boundary layer is thick, which hinders the rapid transfer of heat. Utility Model Content
[0009] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned technologies, this invention provides a dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap that can efficiently dissipate heat from the heating end face of a motor.
[0010] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to achieve the above-mentioned technical effects is:
[0011] A dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap includes a central body and a heat-conducting cover formed around the central body. The central body has a coaxially arranged sealing ring mounting position, shaft hole, and bearing mounting position. The sealing ring mounting position faces away from the end-face cooling side, and the bearing mounting position faces the end-face cooling side. The heat-conducting cover has a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet formed at both ends of its edge in a diametrical direction. An annular groove is formed on the surface of the heat-conducting cover facing away from the end-face cooling side. The opening of the annular groove is sealed by a sealing cover plate. At least one annular channel for bidirectional coolant flow is formed inside the heat-conducting cover. The annular channel consists of an upper channel and a lower channel. The inlets of the upper and lower channels are respectively connected to the coolant inlet, and the outlets of the upper and lower channels are respectively connected to the coolant outlet. Damping heat-conducting columns distributed along the flow path are provided in both the upper and lower channels.
[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, the annular channel includes a first annular channel, a second annular channel, and a third annular channel arranged concentrically. The first annular channel is composed of a first upper channel and a first lower channel, the second annular channel is composed of a second upper channel and a second lower channel, and the third annular channel is composed of a third upper channel and a third lower channel. The inlets of the first upper channel and the first lower channel are respectively connected to the coolant inlet. The outlet of the first upper channel is connected to the inlet of the second upper channel, the outlet of the first lower channel is connected to the inlet of the second lower channel, the outlet of the second upper channel and the outlet of the second lower channel merge and are connected to the inlets of the third upper channel and the third lower channel, and the outlet of the third upper channel and the outlet of the third lower channel merge and are connected to the coolant outlet.
[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, a first channel baffle is provided between the first annular channel and the second annular channel, and a second channel baffle is provided between the second annular channel and the third annular channel. The first channel baffle has a first circulation port between the outlet of the first upper channel and the inlet of the second upper channel, and between the outlet of the first lower channel and the inlet of the second lower channel, respectively. The second channel baffle has a second circulation port at the junction of the outlet of the second upper channel and the outlet of the second lower channel. The second channel baffle has a confluence opening at the junction of the outlet of the third upper channel and the outlet of the third lower channel, which communicates with the coolant outlet.
[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, the damping heat-conducting columns are respectively provided in the channels of the first upper channel, the first lower channel, the second upper channel, the second lower channel, the third upper channel, and the third lower channel.
[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, the bottom of the damping heat-conducting column is integrally formed with the bottom of the annular channel, and a gap is provided between the top of the damping heat-conducting column and the inner surface of the sealing cover plate.
[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, the height of the damping heat-conducting column is half the depth of the annular channel.
[0017] Preferably, in the above-mentioned dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, the edge of the sealing cover plate is fixed to the heat-conducting cover body by bevel welding.
[0018] Preferably, in the above-mentioned dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, the outer periphery of the heat-conducting cover is provided with a plurality of equally spaced end face fixing holes.
[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, the outer periphery of the main body of the end cap is provided with a plurality of bearing locking holes distributed at equal intervals.
[0020] Preferably, in the above-mentioned dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, the central body of the end cap, the heat-conducting cover, the sealing cover plate, and the damping heat-conducting column are all made of heat-conducting metal material.
[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap of this utility model, through the flow channel layout of "independent liquid inlet of dual channels - multiple circulation heat exchange - combined liquid outlet", combined with the design of damping heat conduction columns in the flow channel, achieves synergistic optimization of cooling uniformity, heat exchange efficiency and structural practicality compared with the liquid-cooled end cap of the prior art. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the present invention after the sealing cover has been removed;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention along a diameter direction. Detailed Implementation
[0024] To provide a further understanding of this utility model, the following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, will further illustrate the utility model:
[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of this utility model proposes a dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, which includes a central body 1 and a heat-conducting cover 2 formed around the central body 1. Figure 2 As shown, the central part of the end cap body 1 has a coaxially arranged sealing ring mounting position 111, shaft hole 11, and bearing mounting position 12. The sealing ring mounting position 111 faces away from the end face cooling side, and the bearing mounting position 12 faces the end face cooling side. As an improvement of this utility model, such as... Figure 1As shown, the edge of the heat-conducting cover 2 has a coolant inlet 8 and a coolant outlet 81 formed at both ends in a diameter direction. An annular channel is formed on the surface of the heat-conducting cover 2 facing the cooling side of the end face. The opening side of the annular channel is sealed by a sealing cover plate 6. At least one annular channel for bidirectional coolant flow is formed inside the heat-conducting cover 2. This annular channel consists of an upper channel and a lower channel. The inlets of the upper and lower channels are connected to the coolant inlet 8, and the outlets of the upper and lower channels are connected to the coolant outlet 81. Damping heat-conducting columns 7 are distributed along the flow path in both the upper and lower channels.
[0028] This invention's dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap employs a design with two independent upper and lower channels for simultaneous liquid inlet, allowing the coolant to diffuse simultaneously from both ends of the end cap towards the central region, quickly covering the entire end-face cooling area. This avoids the problems of excessive local scouring and insufficient cooling in edge areas caused by the "single-point entry and unidirectional flow" of coolant in existing single-channel technologies. Furthermore, the damping heat-conducting pillars installed in the upper and lower channels increase the contact area between the coolant and the end cap, and the pillars can quickly conduct heat from the end cap's surface, achieving a dual heat exchange effect of "contact heat exchange + conduction heat exchange." Compared to existing technologies with structures such as spade teeth and microfins, this design increases the heat exchange area by more than 30% within the same channel space, significantly enhancing the end cap's heat dissipation capacity. On the other hand, the rational arrangement of the damping heat-conducting pillars optimizes the fluid flow state within the channels, increasing the heat exchange area without significantly increasing channel resistance. This resolves the technical contradiction in existing technologies where "increasing the heat exchange area inevitably leads to a surge in resistance," achieving a balance between heat exchange efficiency and channel resistance.
[0029] Moreover, the dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap of this utility model adopts an integrated flow channel design of "single inlet - dual channels - single outlet", which eliminates the need for external connecting pipes as required by existing double-end cap water-cooling structures. This greatly simplifies the overall structure of the end cap, reduces the number of sealing interfaces, and lowers the risk of leakage. At the same time, the integrated design makes the axial dimensions of the end cap more compact, adapting to the needs of miniaturized, highly integrated motors and other end-face cooling products, and improving the product's installation adaptability.
[0030] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the annular channel includes a first annular channel, a second annular channel, and a third annular channel arranged concentrically. The first annular channel is composed of a first upper flow channel 3 and a first lower flow channel 31; the second annular channel is composed of a second upper flow channel 4 and a second lower flow channel 41; and the third annular channel is composed of a third upper flow channel 5 and a third lower flow channel 51. Specifically, as... Figure 1As shown, the inlets of the first upper channel 3 and the first lower channel 31 are connected to the coolant inlet 8, the outlet of the first upper channel 3 is connected to the inlet of the second upper channel 4, the outlet of the first lower channel 31 is connected to the inlet of the second lower channel 41, the outlet of the second upper channel 4 and the outlet of the second lower channel 41 merge and are connected to the inlets of the third upper channel 5 and the third lower channel 51, the outlet of the third upper channel 5 and the outlet of the third lower channel 51 merge and are connected to the coolant outlet 81.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the multi-channel bidirectional flow channel design enables multiple circulations of the coolant inside the end cover, extending the residence time of the coolant inside the end cover, ensuring that the temperature of each area of the end face tends to be uniform, and effectively eliminating the hidden danger of local overheating of high-power motors during operation.
[0032] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a first channel baffle 9 is provided between the first annular channel and the second annular channel, and a second channel baffle 91 is provided between the second annular channel and the third annular channel. The first channel baffle 9 has first circulation ports located between the outlet of the first upper flow channel 3 and the inlet of the second upper flow channel 4, and between the outlet of the first lower flow channel 31 and the inlet of the second lower flow channel 41. The second channel baffle 91 has a second circulation port located at the junction of the outlet of the second upper flow channel 4 and the outlet of the second lower flow channel 41, and a confluence opening connected to the coolant outlet 81 located at the junction of the outlet of the third upper flow channel 5 and the outlet of the third lower flow channel 51.
[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the coolant flows bidirectionally through the coolant inlet 8 into the first upper channel 3 and the first lower channel 31. Then, at their respective outlets, it circulates through the first circulation ports into the second upper channel 4 and the second lower channel 41. Next, the coolant in the second upper channel 4 and the second lower channel 41 enters the third channel through the second circulation ports at their respective outlets, and flows bidirectionally along the third upper channel 5 and the third lower channel 51. Finally, they converge at their respective outlets and enter the coolant outlet 81 through the confluence opening on the second channel baffle 91. The specific flow direction of the coolant can be seen in [reference needed]. Figure 1 The direction indicated by the middle arrow.
[0034] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, damping heat-conducting columns 7 are respectively provided in the channels of the first upper channel 3, the first lower channel 31, the second upper channel 4, the second lower channel 41, the third upper channel 5, and the third lower channel 51. Specifically, the bottom of the damping heat-conducting column 7 is integrally formed with the bottom of the annular channel, and a gap is provided between the top of the damping heat-conducting column 7 and the inner surface of the sealing cover plate 6.
[0035] In one preferred embodiment, the height of the damping heat-conducting column 7 is half the depth of the annular channel. This design allows the damping heat-conducting column 7 to optimize the fluid flow state within the channel, increasing the heat exchange area without significantly increasing the channel resistance, thus achieving a balance between increasing the heat exchange area and optimizing the channel resistance, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency.
[0036] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the sealing cover 6 is welded to the heat-conducting cover 2 via a bevel welding point 21. To facilitate fixing the end cover to the motor end, the outer periphery of the heat-conducting cover 2 has several evenly spaced end-face fixing holes 22. For convenient fixing of the motor bearings, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the outer periphery of the central body 1 of the end cap is provided with several equally spaced bearing locking holes 13. To better improve heat dissipation efficiency, the central body 1 of the end cap, the heat-conducting cover 2, the sealing cover 6, and the damping heat-conducting column 7 are all made of heat-conducting metal materials. Aluminum alloy is generally selected, but iron can also be used.
[0037] This invention's dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap can be used not only for cooling and heat dissipation of motor end faces, but also for other equipment requiring end-face cooling. It allows motors and other products requiring end-face cooling to maintain stable operating temperatures during operation, preventing component aging and performance degradation caused by high temperatures, and significantly extending product lifespan. Furthermore, it should be noted that this invention's dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap is not limited to motor end-face cooling; it can also be adapted to lasers, high-power chips, and various other products and equipment requiring end-face cooling, possessing broad versatility and a wider range of applications compared to existing specifically designed liquid cooling devices.
[0038] The above description illustrates and explains the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model.
[0039] Points. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this utility model as claimed. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap, comprising a central body (1) of the end cap and a heat-conducting cover (2) formed around the periphery of the central body (1), wherein the central body (1) of the end cap has a coaxially arranged sealing ring mounting position (111), a shaft hole (11), and a bearing mounting position (12), wherein the sealing ring mounting position (111) faces away from the end face cooling side, and the bearing mounting position (12) faces the end face cooling side, characterized in that, The edge of the heat-conducting cover (2) has a coolant inlet (8) and a coolant outlet (81) formed at both ends in a diameter direction. The heat-conducting cover (2) has an annular channel on the surface facing away from the cooling end face. The opening side of the annular channel is sealed by a sealing cover plate (6). At least one annular channel for bidirectional flow of coolant is formed inside the heat-conducting cover (2). The annular channel is composed of an upper channel and a lower channel. The inlets of the upper channel and the lower channel are respectively connected to the coolant inlet (8). The outlets of the upper channel and the lower channel are respectively connected to the coolant outlet (81). Damping heat-conducting columns (7) distributed along the flow path are provided in both the upper channel and the lower channel.
2. The dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular channel includes a first annular channel, a second annular channel, and a third annular channel arranged concentrically. The first annular channel is composed of a first upper channel (3) and a first lower channel (31). The second annular channel is composed of a second upper channel (4) and a second lower channel (41). The third annular channel is composed of a third upper channel (5) and a third lower channel (51). The inlets of the first upper channel (3) and the first lower channel (31) are respectively connected to the coolant inlet (8). The outlet of the first upper channel (3) is connected to the inlet of the second upper channel (4). The outlet of the first lower channel (31) is connected to the inlet of the second lower channel (41). The outlet of the second upper channel (4) and the outlet of the second lower channel (41) merge and are connected to the inlets of the third upper channel (5) and the third lower channel (51). The outlet of the third upper channel (5) and the outlet of the third lower channel (51) merge and are connected to the coolant outlet (81).
3. The dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first channel baffle (9) is provided between the first annular channel and the second annular channel, and a second channel baffle (91) is provided between the second annular channel and the third annular channel. The first channel baffle (9) has a first circulation port between the outlet of the first upper channel (3) and the inlet of the second upper channel (4), and between the outlet of the first lower channel (31) and the inlet of the second lower channel (41). The second channel baffle (91) has a second circulation port at the junction of the outlet of the second upper channel (4) and the outlet of the second lower channel (41). The second channel baffle (91) has a confluence opening at the junction of the outlet of the third upper channel (5) and the outlet of the third lower channel (51) that is connected to the coolant outlet (81).
4. The dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap according to claim 3, characterized in that, The damping heat-conducting column (7) is provided in the channels of the first upper channel (3), the first lower channel (31), the second upper channel (4), the second lower channel (41), the third upper channel (5), and the third lower channel (51).
5. The dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the damping heat-conducting column (7) is integrally formed with the bottom of the annular channel, and there is a gap between the top of the damping heat-conducting column (7) and the inner surface of the sealing cover plate (6).
6. The dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap according to claim 5, characterized in that, The height of the damping heat-conducting column (7) is half the depth of the annular channel.
7. The dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge of the sealing cover (6) is welded to the heat-conducting cover (2) via a bevel welding position (21).
8. The dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the heat-conducting cover (2) is provided with a number of equally spaced end face fixing holes (22).
9. The dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the central body (1) of the end cap is provided with several bearing locking holes (13) that are evenly distributed.
10. The dual-channel liquid-cooled end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central body (1) of the end cap, the heat-conducting cover (2), the sealing cover (6) and the damping heat-conducting column (7) are all made of heat-conducting metal materials.